TY  - JOUR
A1  - Nuthmann, Antje
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
T1  - An examination of binocular reading fixations based on sentence corpus data
N2  - Binocular eye movements of normal adult readers were examined as they read single sentences. Analyses of horizontal and vertical fixation disparities indicated that the most prevalent type of disparate fixation is crossed (i.e., the left eye is located further to the right than the right eye) while the left eye frequently fixates somewhat above the right eye. The Gaussian distribution of the binocular fixation point peaked 2.6 cm in front of the plane of text, reflecting the prevalence of horizontally crossed fixations. Fixation disparity accumulates during the course of successive saccades and fixations within a line of text, but only to an extent that does not compromise single binocular vision. In reading, the version and vergence system interact in a way that is qualitatively similar to what has been observed in simple nonreading tasks. Finally, results presented here render it unlikely that vergence movements in reading aim at realigning the eyes at a given saccade target word.
Y1  - 2009
UR  - http://www.journalofvision.org/content/by/year
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1167/9.5.31
SN  - 1534-7362
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Nuthmann, Antje
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
T1  - Preferred viewing locations : a validation
Y1  - 2009
SN  - 0301-0066
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Nuthmann, Antje
A1  - Engbert, Ralf
T1  - Mindless reading revisited : an analysis based on the SWIFT model of eye-movement control
N2  - In this article, we revisit the mindless reading paradigm from the perspective of computational modeling. In the standard version of the paradigm, participants read sentences in both their normal version as well as the transformed (or mindless) version where each letter is replaced with a z. z-String scanning shares the oculomotor requirements with reading but none of the higher-level lexical and semantic processes. Here we use the z-string scanning task to validate the SWIFT model of saccade generation [Engbert, R., Nuthmann, A., Richter, E., & Kliegl, R. (2005). SWIFT: A dynamical model of saccade generation during reading. Psychological Review, 112(4), 777-813] as an example for an advanced theory of eye-movement control in reading. We test the central assumption of spatially distributed processing across an attentional gradient proposed by the SWIFT model. Key experimental results like prolonged average fixation durations in z-string scanning compared to normal reading and the existence of a string-length effect on fixation durations and probabilities were reproduced by the model, which lends support to the model's assumptions on visual processing. Moreover, simulation results for patterns of regressive saccades in z-string scanning confirm SWIFT's concept of activation field dynamics for the selection of saccade targets.
Y1  - 2009
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00426989
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2008.10.022
SN  - 0042-6989
ER  -