TY  - THES
A1  - Kuehnast, Milena
T1  - Processing negative imperatives in Bulgarian : evidence from normal, aphasic and child language
T1  - Die Verarbeitung von negativen Imperativen im Bulgarischen : Evidenz aus Spracherwerb und Sprachstörung
N2  - The incremental nature of sentence processing raises questions about the way the information of incoming functional elements is accessed and subsequently employed in building the syntactic structure which sustains interpretation processes. The present work approaches these questions by investigating the negative particle ne used for sentential negation in Bulgarian and its impact on the overt realisation and the interpretation of imperative inflexion, bound aspectual morphemes and clitic pronouns in child, adult and aphasic language. In contrast to other Slavic languages, Bulgarian negative imperatives (NI) are grammatical only with imperfective verbs. We argue that NI are instantiations of overt aspectual coercion induced by the presence of negation as a temporally sensitive sentential operator. The scope relation between imperative mood, negation, and aspect yields the configuration of the imperfective present which in Bulgarian has to be overtly expressed and prompts the imperfective marking of the predicate. The regular and transparent application of the imperfectivising mechanism relates to the organisation of the TAM categories in Bulgarian which not only promotes the representation of fine perspective shifts but also provides for their distinct morphological expression. Using an elicitation task with NI, we investigated the way 3- and 4-year-old children represent negation in deontic contexts as reflected in their use of aspectually appropriate predicates. Our findings suggest that children are sensitive to the imperfectivity requirement in NI from early on. The imperfectivisation strategies reveal some differences from the target morphological realisation. The relatively low production of target imperfectivised prefixed verbs cannot be explained with morphological processing deficits, but rather indicates that up to the age of five children experience difficulties to apply a progressive view point to accomplishments. Two self-paced reading studies present evidence that neurologically unimpaired Bulgarian speakers profit from the syntactic and prosodic properties of negation during online sentence comprehension. The imperfectivity requirement negation imposes on the predicate speeds up lexical access to imperfective verbs. Similarly, clitic pronouns are more accessible after negation due to the phono-syntactic properties of clitic clusters. As the experimental stimuli do not provide external discourse referents, personal pronouns are parsed as object agreement markers. Without subsequent resolution, personal pronouns appear to be less resource demanding than reflexive clitics. This finding is indicative of the syntax-driven co-reference establishment processes triggered through the lexical specification of reflexive clitics. The results obtained from Bulgarian Broca's aphasics show that they exhibit processing patterns similar to those of the control group. Notwithstanding their slow processing speed, the agrammatic group showed no impairment of negation as reflected by their sensitivity to the aspectual requirements of NI, and to the prosodic constraints on clitic placement. The aphasics were able to parse the structural dependency between mood, negation and aspect as functional categories and to represent it morphologically. The prolonged reaction times (RT) elicited by prefixed verbs indicate increasing processing costs due to the semantic integration of prefixes as perfectivity markers into an overall imperfective construal. This inference is supported by the slower RT to reflexive clitics, which undergo a structurally triggered resolution. Evaluated against cross-linguistic findings, the obtained result strongly suggests that aphasic performance with pronouns depends on the interpretation efforts associated with co-reference establishment and varies due to availability of discourse referents. The investigation of normal and agrammatic processing of Bulgarian NI presents support for the hypothesis that the comprehension deficits in Broca's aphasia result from a slowed-down implementation of syntactic operations. The protracted structure building consumes processing resources and causes temporal mismatches with other processes sustaining sentence comprehension. The investigation of the way Bulgarian children and aphasic speakers process NI reveals that both groups are highly sensitive to the imperfective constraint on the aspectual construal imposed by the presence of negation. The imperfective interpretation requires access to morphologically complex verb forms which contain aspectual morphemes with conflicting semantic information – perfective prefixes and imperfective suffixes. Across modalities, both populations exhibit difficulties in processing prefixed imperfectivised verbs which as predicates of negative imperative sentences reflect the inner perspective the speaker and the addressee need to take towards a potentially bounded situation description.
N2  - Die schnelle und automatische Natur der Satzverarbeitung wirft Fragen nach der inkrementellen Integration von funktionalen Elementen auf. Wie erfolgt der Zugriff auf die strukturellen, semantischen und prosodischen Informationen der funktionalen Elemente? Wie werden diese Informationen beim Aufbau der syntaktischen Struktur so verknüpft, dass eine wohlgeformte semantische Repräsentation entsteht? Die vorliegende Dissertation widmet sich diesen Fragen durch die Untersuchung der Verarbeitungsmuster von bulgarischen negativen Imperativen (NI) in der Sprache von Kindern, Erwachsenen und Broca-Aphasikern. Die Effekte der Negationspartikel ne auf die Realisierung und die Interpretation von Imperativ- und Aspektmorphologie sowie von klitischen Pronomen werden in Produktions- und online Satzverständnistests untersucht. Im Unterschied zu anderen slawischen Sprachen sind synthetische NI im Bulgarischen mit perfektiven Verben ungrammatisch. Diese Besonderheit wird zunächst durch die aspektuelle Interpretation von NI und die sprachspezifische Organisation des TAM-Systems begründet. Die Aspektrestriktion resultiert aus dem Aspektzwang, den die Negation als temporal sensitiver Operator auslöst. Die Skopusrelation zwischen imperativem Modus, Negation und Aspekt ergibt die temporale Konfiguration von imperfektivem Präsens, die im Bulgarischen morphologisch durch die Imperfektivierung des Prädikats markiert werden muss. Der Wechsel in der aspektuellen Perspektive wird durch einen produktiven und transparenten Imperfektivierungsmechanismus gewährleistet. Der Erwerb von Negation in deontischen Kontexten wurde anhand der Produktion von imperfektiven Prädikaten in einem Elizitationsexperiment mit 3- und 4-jährigen Kindern untersucht. Die Ergebnisse belegen eine frühe Sensitivität für die aspektuelle Wohlgeformtheit der NI. Die Imperfektivierungsstragien zeigen jedoch Abweichungen von der zielsprachlichen morphologischen Realisierung. Die relativ niedrige Produktion von imperfektivierten präfigierten Verben kann nicht durch Defizite in der Morphologieverarbeitung erklärt werden. Die Fehleranalyse verdeutlicht die Schwierigkeiten der Kinder eine Innenperspektive zu potenziell gebundenen Ereignissen einzunehmen, die der zielsprachlichen Interpretation entspräche. Die syntaktischen und prosodischen Effekte der Negation auf die inkrementelle Verarbeitung von Imperativen bei erwachsenen bulgarischen Muttersprachlern wurde in zwei online Leseexperimenten (self-paced reading) untersucht. Die Reaktionszeiten (RT) zeigen, dass die Negation den lexikalischen Zugriff auf imperfektive Verben beschleunigt. In NI wird der Verarbeitungsaufwand für klitische Pronomen auch deutlich reduziert, da die proklitische Negation mit den pronominalen Enklitika eine phono-syntaktisch strikt geordnete Sequenz bildet. Da der experimentelle Kontext keine externen Diskursreferenten bereitstellt, werden klitische Personalpronomen als Objektkongruenzmarker verarbeitet. Dementsprechend elizitieren sie kürzere RT als die reflexiven Klitika, die eine syntaktisch motivierte Resolution auslösen. Abgesehen von der deutlich verlangsamten Geschwindigkeit, weisen die RT der untersuchten Broca-Aphasikern ein mit dem der Kontrollgruppe vergleichbares Muster auf. Die Agrammatiker profitieren vom Aspektzwang sowie von den phono-syntaktischen Restriktionen der klitischen Gruppe in NI. Dieses Ergebnis wird als Evidenz interpretiert, dass keine qualitative Beeinträchtigung in der Verarbeitung der funktionalen Eigenschaften der Negation vorliegt. Die Aphasiker sind in der Lage die strukturell bedingte Interaktion zwischen Modus, Negation und Aspekt zu parsen und morphologisch abzubilden, weisen jedoch längere RT für präfigierte Verben auf, was auf einen erhöhten Interpretationsaufwand hindeutet. Die längeren RT der reflexiven Klitika sprechen auch dafür, dass die Performanz der Broca-Aphasikern eher durch den Resolutionsprozess und durch die Verfügbarkeit von Diskursreferenten bedingt wird. Die Lesezeit-Experimente liefern Evidenz für die Hypothese, dass Verständnisdefizite bei Broca-Aphasie von einer langsamen Implementierung syntaktischer Operationen resultieren. Die Limitierung von Verarbeitungsressourcen verzögert den Strukturaufbau und verursacht zeitliche Diskrepanzen zwischen Prozessen, die die semantische Repräsentation bedingen. Die Untersuchungen zur Verarbeitung von NI bei bulgarischen Kindern und Broca-Aphasikern belegen die hohe Sensitivität beider Gruppen für den Aspektzwang in prohibitiven NI. Die imperfektive Interpretation erfordert Zugang zu morphologisch komplexen Verben mit semantisch widersprüchlichen aspektuellen Affixen – perfektiven Präfixen und imperfektiven Suffixen. Beide Gruppen haben Schwierigkeiten präfigierte imperfektivierte Verben zu verarbeiten. Als Prädikate in NI reflektieren solche komplexe Verben die innere Perspektive, die Sprecher und Hörer in der Repräsentation eines potenziell gebundenen Ereignisses einzunehmen haben.
KW  - Negation
KW  - Aspekt
KW  - Bulgarisch
KW  - Agrammatismus
KW  - Spracherwerb
KW  - negation
KW  - aspect
KW  - agrammatism
KW  - language acquisition
KW  - Bulgarian
Y1  - 2010
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-45826
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Fengler, Anja
T1  - How the brain attunes to sentence processing
BT  - relating behavior, structure, and function
T2  - MPI series in human cognitive and brain sciences ; 174
N2  - While children acquire new words and simple sentence structures extremely fast and without much effort, the ability to process complex sentences develops rather late in life. Although the conjoint occurrence between brain-structural and brain-functional changes, the decrease of plasticity, and changes in cognitive abilities suggests a certain causality between these processes, concrete evidence for the relation between brain development, language processing, and language performance is rare. Therefore, the current dissertation investigates the tripartite relationship between behavior (in the form of language performance and cognitive maturation as prerequisite for language processing), brain structure (in the form of gray matter maturation), and brain function (in the form of brain activation evoked by complex sentence processing). Previous developmental studies indicate a missing increase of activation in accordance to sentence complexity (functional selectivity) in language-relevant brain areas in children. To determine the factors contributing to the functional development of language-relevant brain areas, different methodologies and data acquisition techniques were used to investigate the processing of center-embedded sentences in 5- and 6-year-old children, 7- and 8-year-old children, and adults. Behavioral results indicate that children between 5 and 8 years show difficulties in processing double embedded sentences and that their performance for these type of sentences is positively correlated with digit span. In 7- and 8-year-old children, it was found that especially the processing of long-distance relations between the initial phrase and its corresponding verb appears to be associated with the subject’s verbal working memory capacity. In contrast, children’s performance for double embedded sentences in the younger age group positively correlated with their performance in a standardized sentence comprehension test. This finding supports the hypothesis that processing difficulties in this age group may be mainly attributed to difficulties in processing case marking information. These findings are discussed with respect to current accounts of language and working memory development. A second study aimed at investigating the structural maturation of brain areas involved in sentence comprehension. To do this, whole-brain magnetic resonance images from 59 children between 5 and 8 years were collected and children’s gray matter was analyzed by using voxel-based morphometry. Children’s grammatical proficiency was assessed by a standardized sentence comprehension test. A confirmatory factory analysis corroborated a grammar-relevant and a verbal working memory-relevant factor underlying the measured performance. While children’s ability to assign thematic roles is positively correlated with gray matter probability (GMP) in the left inferior temporal gyrus and the left inferior frontal gyrus, verbal working memory-related performance is positively correlated with GMP in the left parietal operculum extending into the posterior superior temporal gyrus. These areas have been previously shown to be differentially engaged in adults’ complex sentence processing. Thus, the findings of the second study suggest a specific correspondence between children’s GMP in language-relevant brain regions and differential cognitive abilities which underlie complex sentence comprehension. In a third study, functional brain activity during the processing of center-embedded sentences was investigated in three different age groups (5–6 years, 7–8 years, and adults). Although all age groups engage a qualitatively comparable network of the left pars opercularis (PO), the left inferior parietal lobe extending into the posterior superior temporal gyrus (IPL/pSTG), the supplementary motor area (SMA) and the cerebellum, functional selectivity of these regions was only observable in adults. However, functional activation of the language-related regions (PO and IPL/pSTG) predicted sentence comprehension performance for all age groups. To solve the question of the complex interplay between different maturational factors, a fourth study analyzed the predictive power of gray matter probability, verbal working memory capacity, and behavioral differences in performance for simple and complex sentence for the functional selectivity of each activated region. These analyses revealed that the establishment of the adult-like functional selectivity for complex sentences is predicted by a reduction of the left PO’s gray matter probability across age groups while that of the IPL/pSTG is additionally predicted by verbal working memory capacity. Taken all findings together, the current thesis provides evidence that both structural brain maturation and verbal working memory expansion provide the basis for the emergence of functional selectivity in language-related brain regions leading to more efficient sentence processing during development.
KW  - language acquisition
KW  - brain development
KW  - verbal working memory
KW  - complex sentence processing
KW  - language network
KW  - Hirnentwicklung
KW  - verbales Arbeitsgedächtnis
KW  - Spracherwerb
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 978-3-941504-59-2
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Adani, Flavia
A1  - Stegenwallner-Schütz, Maja Henny Katherine
A1  - Niesel, Talea
T1  - The Peaceful Co-existence of Input Frequency and Structural Intervention Effects on the Comprehension of Complex Sentences in German-Speaking Children
JF  - Frontiers in psychology
N2  - The predictions of two contrasting approaches to the acquisition of transitive relative clauses were tested within the same groups of German-speaking participants aged from 3 to 5 years old. The input frequency approach predicts that object relative clauses with inanimate heads (e.g., the pullover that the man is scratching) are comprehended earlier and more accurately than those with an animate head (e.g., the man that the boy is scratching). In contrast, the structural intervention approach predicts that object relative clauses with two full NP arguments mismatching in number (e.g., the man that the boys are scratching) are comprehended earlier and more accurately than those with number-matching NPs (e.g., the man that the boy is scratching). These approaches were tested in two steps. First, we ran a corpus analysis to ensure that object relative clauses with number-mismatching NPs are not more frequent than object relative clauses with number-matching NPs in child directed speech. Next, the comprehension of these structures was tested experimentally in 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds respectively by means of a color naming task. By comparing the predictions of the two approaches within the same participant groups, we were able to uncover that the effects predicted by the input frequency and by the structural intervention approaches co-exist and that they both influence the performance of children on transitive relative clauses, but in a manner that is modulated by age. These results reveal a sensitivity to animacy mismatch already being demonstrated by 3-year-olds and show that animacy is initially deployed more reliably than number to interpret relative clauses correctly. In all age groups, the animacy mismatch appears to explain the performance of children, thus, showing that the comprehension of frequent object relative clauses is enhanced compared to the other conditions. Starting with 4-year-olds but especially in 5-year-olds, the number mismatch supported comprehension—a facilitation that is unlikely to be driven by input frequency. Once children fine-tune their sensitivity to verb agreement information around the age of four, they are also able to deploy number marking to overcome the intervention effects. This study highlights the importance of testing experimentally contrasting theoretical approaches in order to characterize the multifaceted, developmental nature of language acquisition.
KW  - relative clauses
KW  - sentence comprehension
KW  - input frequency
KW  - number
KW  - animacy
KW  - language acquisition
KW  - German
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01590
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 8
SP  - 1
EP  - 11
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Adani, Flavia
A1  - Stegenwallner-Schütz, Maja Henny Katherine
A1  - Niesel, Talea
T1  - The Peaceful Co-existence of Input Frequency and Structural Intervention Effects on the Comprehension of Complex Sentences in German-Speaking Children
N2  - The predictions of two contrasting approaches to the acquisition of transitive relative clauses were tested within the same groups of German-speaking participants aged from 3 to 5 years old. The input frequency approach predicts that object relative clauses with inanimate heads (e.g., the pullover that the man is scratching) are comprehended earlier and more accurately than those with an animate head (e.g., the man that the boy is scratching). In contrast, the structural intervention approach predicts that object relative clauses with two full NP arguments mismatching in number (e.g., the man that the boys are scratching) are comprehended earlier and more accurately than those with number-matching NPs (e.g., the man that the boy is scratching). These approaches were tested in two steps. First, we ran a corpus analysis to ensure that object relative clauses with number-mismatching NPs are not more frequent than object relative clauses with number-matching NPs in child directed speech. Next, the comprehension of these structures was tested experimentally in 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds respectively by means of a color naming task. By comparing the predictions of the two approaches within the same participant groups, we were able to uncover that the effects predicted by the input frequency and by the structural intervention approaches co-exist and that they both influence the performance of children on transitive relative clauses, but in a manner that is modulated by age. These results reveal a sensitivity to animacy mismatch already being demonstrated by 3-year-olds and show that animacy is initially deployed more reliably than number to interpret relative clauses correctly. In all age groups, the animacy mismatch appears to explain the performance of children, thus, showing that the comprehension of frequent object relative clauses is enhanced compared to the other conditions. Starting with 4-year-olds but especially in 5-year-olds, the number mismatch supported comprehension—a facilitation that is unlikely to be driven by input frequency. Once children fine-tune their sensitivity to verb agreement information around the age of four, they are also able to deploy number marking to overcome the intervention effects. This study highlights the importance of testing experimentally contrasting theoretical approaches in order to characterize the multifaceted, developmental nature of language acquisition.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 352 
KW  - German
KW  - animacy
KW  - input frequency
KW  - language acquisition
KW  - number
KW  - relative clauses
KW  - sentence comprehension
Y1  - 2017
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-403672
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sauermann, Antje
A1  - Höhle, Barbara
T1  - Word order in German child language and child-directed speech
BT  - a corpus analysis on the ordering of double objects in the German middlefield
JF  - Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics
N2  - We report two corpus analyses to examine the impact of animacy, definiteness, givenness and type of referring expression on the ordering of double objects in the spontaneous speech of German-speaking two- to four-year-old children and the child-directed speech of their mothers. The first corpus analysis revealed that definiteness, givenness and type of referring expression influenced word order variation in child language and child-directed speech when the type of referring expression distinguished between pronouns and lexical noun phrases. These results correspond to previous child language studies in English (e.g., de Marneffe et al. 2012). Extending the scope of previous studies, our second corpus analysis examined the role of different pronoun types on word order. It revealed that word order in child language and child-directed speech was predictable from the types of pronouns used. Different types of pronouns were associated with different sentence positions but also showed a strong correlation to givenness and definiteness. Yet, the distinction between pronoun types diminished the effects of givenness so that givenness had an independent impact on word order only in child-directed speech but not in child language. Our results support a multi-factorial approach to word order in German. Moreover, they underline the strong impact of the type of referring expression on word order and suggest that it plays a crucial role in the acquisition of the factors influencing word order variation.
KW  - German
KW  - word order
KW  - corpus study
KW  - language acquisition
KW  - information structure
KW  - referring expression
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5334/gjgl.281
SN  - 2397-1835
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
PB  - Ubiquity Press LTD
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rubertus, Elina
A1  - Noiray, Aude
T1  - Vocalic activation width decreases across childhood
BT  - Evidence from carryover coarticulation
JF  - Laboratory Phonology
N2  - This study is the first to use kinematic data to assess lingual carryover coarticulation in children. We investigated whether the developmental decrease previously attested in anticipatory coarticulation, as well as the relation between coarticulatory degree and the consonantal context, also characterize carryover coarticulation. Sixty-two children and 13 adults, all native speakers of German, were recruited according to five age cohorts: three-year-olds, four-year-olds, five-year-olds, seven-year-olds, and adults. Tongue movements during the production of ə.CV.Cə utterances (C = /b, d, g/, V = /i, y, e, a, o, u/) were recorded with ultrasound. We measured vowel-induced horizontal displacement of the tongue dorsum within the last syllable and compared the resulting coarticulatory patterns between age cohorts and consonantal contexts. Results indicate that the degree of vocalic carryover coarticulation decreases with age. Vocalic prominence within an utterance as well as its change across childhood depended on the postvocalic consonant’s articulatory demands for the tongue dorsum (i.e., its coarticulatory resistance): Low resistant /b/ and /g/ allowed for more vocalic perseveration and a continuous decrease, while the highly resistant /d/ displayed lower coarticulation degrees and discontinuous effects. These findings parallel those in anticipation suggesting a similar organization of anticipatory and carryover coarticulation. Implications for theories of speech production are discussed.
KW  - language acquisition
KW  - coarticulation
KW  - carryover effects
KW  - vowels
KW  - gestural organization
KW  - speech motor control
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5334/labphon.228
SN  - 1868-6346
SN  - 1868-6354
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
PB  - de Gruyter Mouton
CY  - Berlin, New York
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Noiray, Aude
A1  - Ries, Jan
A1  - Tiede, Mark
A1  - Rubertus, Elina
A1  - Laporte, Catherine
A1  - Ménard, Lucie
T1  - Recording and analyzing kinematic data in children and adults with SOLLAR
BT  - Sonographic & Optical Linguo-Labial Articulation Recording system
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Understanding the development of spoken language in young children has become increasingly important for advancing basic theories of language acquisition and for clinical practice. However, such a goal requires refined measurements of speech articulation (e.g., from the tongue), which are difficult to obtain from young children. In recent years though, technological advances have allowed developmental researchers to make significant steps in that direction. For instance, movements of the tongue, an articulator that is essential for spoken language, can now be tracked and recorded in children with ultrasound imaging. This technique has opened novel research avenues in (a)typical language acquisition, enabling researchers to reliably capture what has long remained invisible in the speech of young children. Within this context, we have designed an experimental platform for the recording and the processing of kinematic data: SOLLAR (Sonographic and Optical Linguo-Labial Articulatory Recording system). The method has been tailored for children, but it is suitable for adults. In the present article, we introduce the recording environment developed to record over 100 children and 30 adults within SOLLAR. We then describe SOLLAR’s data processing framework, providing examples of data visualization and a summary of strengths and limitations.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 667 
KW  - ultrasound imaging
KW  - speech kinematics
KW  - methodology
KW  - language acquisition
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-483159
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 667
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Rubertus, Elina
A1  - Noiray, Aude
T1  - Vocalic activation width decreases across childhood
BT  - Evidence from carryover coarticulation
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - This study is the first to use kinematic data to assess lingual carryover coarticulation in children. We investigated whether the developmental decrease previously attested in anticipatory coarticulation, as well as the relation between coarticulatory degree and the consonantal context, also characterize carryover coarticulation. Sixty-two children and 13 adults, all native speakers of German, were recruited according to five age cohorts: three-year-olds, four-year-olds, five-year-olds, seven-year-olds, and adults. Tongue movements during the production of ə.CV.Cə utterances (C = /b, d, g/, V = /i, y, e, a, o, u/) were recorded with ultrasound. We measured vowel-induced horizontal displacement of the tongue dorsum within the last syllable and compared the resulting coarticulatory patterns between age cohorts and consonantal contexts. Results indicate that the degree of vocalic carryover coarticulation decreases with age. Vocalic prominence within an utterance as well as its change across childhood depended on the postvocalic consonant’s articulatory demands for the tongue dorsum (i.e., its coarticulatory resistance): Low resistant /b/ and /g/ allowed for more vocalic perseveration and a continuous decrease, while the highly resistant /d/ displayed lower coarticulation degrees and discontinuous effects. These findings parallel those in anticipation suggesting a similar organization of anticipatory and carryover coarticulation. Implications for theories of speech production are discussed.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 645 
KW  - language acquisition
KW  - coarticulation
KW  - carryover effects
KW  - vowels
KW  - gestural organization
KW  - speech motor control
Y1  - 2020
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-473536
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 645
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Noiray, Aude
A1  - Ries, Jan
A1  - Tiede, Mark
A1  - Rubertus, Elina
A1  - Laporte, Catherine
A1  - Ménard, Lucie
T1  - Recording and analyzing kinematic data in children and adults with SOLLAR
BT  - Sonographic & Optical Linguo-Labial Articulation Recording system
JF  - Laboratory Phonology: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Phonology
N2  - Understanding the development of spoken language in young children has become increasingly important for advancing basic theories of language acquisition and for clinical practice. However, such a goal requires refined measurements of speech articulation (e.g., from the tongue), which are difficult to obtain from young children. In recent years though, technological advances have allowed developmental researchers to make significant steps in that direction. For instance, movements of the tongue, an articulator that is essential for spoken language, can now be tracked and recorded in children with ultrasound imaging. This technique has opened novel research avenues in (a)typical language acquisition, enabling researchers to reliably capture what has long remained invisible in the speech of young children. Within this context, we have designed an experimental platform for the recording and the processing of kinematic data: SOLLAR (Sonographic and Optical Linguo-Labial Articulatory Recording system). The method has been tailored for children, but it is suitable for adults. In the present article, we introduce the recording environment developed to record over 100 children and 30 adults within SOLLAR. We then describe SOLLAR’s data processing framework, providing examples of data visualization and a summary of strengths and limitations.
KW  - ultrasound imaging
KW  - speech kinematics
KW  - methodology
KW  - language acquisition
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5334/labphon.241
SN  - 1868-6354
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
PB  - Ubiquity Press
CY  - London
ER  -