TY - JOUR A1 - Wegener, Michael A1 - Gerhard, Reimund A1 - Wirges, Werner A1 - Bergner, André A1 - Bergweiler, Steffen T1 - Breathing modes of organ-pipe bodies : experimental detection with ring-shaped piezoelectric-polymer sensors Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wegener, Michael A1 - Bergweiler, Steffen A1 - Zscherpel, Detlef A1 - Wirges, Werner A1 - Gerhard, Reimund T1 - Detection of elliptical oscillations and monopole breathing of organ-pipe bodies with piezoelectric polymer sensors N2 - In this paper, a measuring technique is presented for the detection of radial oscillations of tube walls excited by changes in internal air pressure. On organ pipes, the oscillations were investigated by means of piezoelectric polymer films slightly tensioned around the pipe bodies. Employing sensors with patterned electrodes, the well-known elliptical oscillation of the cross section as well as an additional monopole breathing of the organ-pipe body were detected. For the monopole breathing, a close relationship between the pressure distribution of the air-column resonances inside the pipe and the circumference variations along the pipe was observed Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wegener, Michael A1 - Bergweiler, Steffen A1 - Wirges, Werner A1 - Pucher, Andreas A1 - Tuncer, Enis A1 - Gerhard, Reimund T1 - Piezoelectric two-layer stacks of cellular polypropylene ferroelectrets : transducer response at audio and ultrasound frequencies N2 - Piezoelectric cellular polypropylene films, so-called ferroelectrets, are assembled in a stack with two active transducer layers. The stack is characterized with respect to its linear and quadratic response in a frequency range from 1 kHz to 80 kHz. A relatively smooth frequency response in the sound-pressure level is found for the individual layers as well as for both layers driven in phase. The piezoelectric response of the two-layer stack is twice the response of an individual layer over a rather broad frequency range. Furthermore, the influence of the preparation conditions on the resonance frequency and the effect of the quadratic distortion on the radiated sound are investigated both for the individual transducer films in the stack and for the stack system as a whole Y1 - 2005 SN - 0885-3010 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wegener, Michael A1 - Bergweiler, Steffen A1 - Wirges, Werner A1 - Pucher, Andreas A1 - Gerhard, Reimund T1 - Voided space-charge electrets : piezoelectric transducer materials for electro-acoustic applications Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Görne, Thomas A1 - Bergweiler, Steffen T1 - Monitoring Lautsprecher in Studio- und HiFi-Technik : von der Aktivbox bis zur Surround-Abhöre Technik, Akustik, Aufstellung Y1 - 2004 SN - 3-932275-51-9 PB - PPV-Medien CY - Bergkirchen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bergweiler, Steffen A1 - Bergner, André A1 - Görne, Thomas A1 - Wegener, Michael A1 - Gerhard, Reimund T1 - Breathing modes and sound radiation of metallic organ pipes Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - THES A1 - Bergweiler, Steffen T1 - Körperoszillation und Schallabstrahlung akustischer Wellenleiter unter Berücksichtigung von Wandungseinflüssen und Kopplungseffekten : Verändern Metalllegierung und Wandungsprofil des Rohrresonators den Klang der labialen Orgelpfeife? T1 - Oscillation and sound radiation of acoustic waveguides, with regard to the influences of material and synchronisation N2 - Am Beispiel der Orgelpfeife wurde der Einfluss der Wandungsgeometrie des akustischen Wellenleiters auf die Schallabstrahlung untersucht. Für verschiedene Metalllegierungen wurden unterschiedliche Profile der Orgelpfeifenwandung verglichen: ein konisches Wandungsprofil mit zur Mündung hin abnehmender Wandungsstärke und ein paralleles Wandungsprofil mit konstanter Wandungsstärke. Für eine hohe statistische Sicherheit der Ergebnisse wurden sämtliche Untersuchungen an vier mal zehn Testpfeifen durchgeführt. Mit Ausnahme der beschriebenen Unterschiede sind die Pfeifen von gleichen Abmessungen und auf gleichen Klang intoniert. Die Überprüfung der Wandungseinflüsse auf den Klang besteht aus drei verschiedenen Untersuchungen: Erstens, einer subjektiven Hinterfragung der Wahrnehmbarkeit in einem Hörtest. Zweitens wurde der abgestrahlte Luftschall objektiv gemessen und das Spektrum der Pfeifen in seinen Komponenten (Teiltöne, Grundfrequenz) verglichen. Drittens wurde mit einer neuartigen Messtechnik die Oszillation des Pfeifenkörpers (ein einem akustischen Monopol entsprechendes "Atmen" des Querschnitts) untersucht. Die Ergebnisse belegen die Wahrnehmbarkeit unterschiedlicher Wandungsprofile als auch klare objektive Differenzen zwischen den emittierten Schallspektren. Ein Atmen mit guter Korrelation zur inneren Druckanregung bestätigt den Einfluss wandungsprofilabhängiger Oszillationen auf den Klang der Orgelpfeife. Schließlich wurde die Interaktion zweier in Abstand und Grundfrequenz nah beieinander liegender Orgelpfeifen überprüft. Als Ursache des dabei wahrnehmbaren Oktavsprung des Orgeltons konnte eine gegenphasiger Oszillation des Grundtons beider Pfeifen nachgewiesen werden. N2 - The influence of the wall geometry of an acoustic waveguide on the sound radiation has been investigated on the example of the steady sound quality of an organ pipe. At the example of two different pipe materials two different pipe wall geometries were compared: a wedge-shaped conical wall profile with a decreasing wall strength towards the pipes open end and a constant wall profile with no change in wall strength, respectively. For statistic safety all investigations were exercised on a large test pipe series of 4 by 10 pipes, unique to our knowledge. Apart from the described differences, all pipes are produced and intonated to be as equal as possible. The verification of the wall geometries influences is based on three investigations: First, a subjective evaluation of the audible differences was performed. Second, differences in the broad spectra, the level of the harmonics partials and in the fundamental frequency were detected in an anechoic chamber. Third, with a new measurement technique we examined the oscillation of the pipe body (monopolic breathing of the pipe bodies cross-section) as source of the detected differences in the sound. The results show clear audible difference which are supported by measurable differences in airborne sound and body oscillations of the investigated pipes. Finally the interaction of two organ pipes closely space in frequency and distance has been investigated. The subjective impression of frequency doubling was detected as an anti-phase phase oscillation of the fundamental tone of both pipes leading to a dominance of the second harmonic. KW - Schallabstrahlung KW - Körperschall KW - Wellenleiter KW - Orgelpfeife KW - Labialpfeife KW - Rohr KW - Resonator KW - Material KW - Legierung KW - Kopplung KW - Synchronisation KW - Materialeinflüsse KW - Rohrresonator KW - oscillation KW - sound radiation KW - acoustic waveguide KW - flue organ pipe KW - alloy KW - material KW - synchronisation Y1 - 2005 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-6561 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Abel, Markus A1 - Bergweiler, Steffen A1 - Gerhard, Reimund T1 - Synchronization of organ pipes : experimental observations and modeling N2 - We report measurements on the synchronization properties of organ pipes. First, we investigate influence of an external acoustical signal from a loudspeaker on the sound of an organ pipe. Second, the mutual influence of two pipes with different pitch is analyzed. In analogy to the externally driven, or mutually coupled self-sustained oscillators, one observes a frequency locking, which can be explained by synchronization theory. Further, we measure the dependence of the frequency of the signals emitted by two mutually detuned pipes with varying distance between the pipes. The spectrum shows a broad '' hump '' structure, not found for coupled oscillators. This indicates a complex coupling of the two organ pipes leading to nonlinear beat phenomena. Y1 - 2006 UR - http://scitation.aip.org/jasa/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1121/1.217044 SN - 0001-4966 ER -