TY - JOUR A1 - Ette, Ottmar T1 - Anton Wilhelm Amo BT - eine Aufklärung zwischen Afrika und Europa JF - Alexandria dein Magazin für Wissenschaft Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.alexandria-magazin.at/ IS - 1 SP - 17 EP - 21 PB - Verein für Wissenschaftskommunikation und zur Förderung von Wissenschaftler_Innen CY - Wien ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wagner, Rolf T1 - Anwendbares Recht für zivilrechtliche Schadensersatzansprüche aufgrund von Virusinfektionen JF - COVID-19 und alle Rechtsfragen zur Corona-Krise N2 - In dieser Zeitschrift ist bereits darauf hingewiesen worden, dass eine Person, die mit dem Sars-CoV-2-Virus infiziert worden ist, in bestimmten Fällen daran denken kann, gegen die Person, die sie infiziert hat, oder gegen eine andere Person einen zivilrechtlichen Schadensersatzanspruch geltend zu machen. zur Fussnote 1 Derartige Schadensersatzansprüche können sich aus der Nichtbeachtung von Hygiene-, Abstands- und Quarantäneregelungen sowie von Regelungen zum Mund- und Nasenschutz ergeben. Im Vorbericht zur Fussnote 2 ist bereits geklärt worden, welche Gerichte anzurufen sind, wenn der Sachverhalt eine Auslandsberührung aufweist. Mit der Bestimmung des international zuständigen Gerichts hat es in diesen Sachverhalten aber nicht schon sein Bewenden. Denn wenn das zuständige Gericht feststeht, darf dieses nicht sogleich prüfen, ob der geltend gemachte Schadensersatzanspruch besteht. Vielmehr muss es in Sachverhalten mit Auslandsberührung erst einmal ermitteln, welches Recht auf den Schadensersatzanspruch anwendbar ist. Der folgende Beitrag widmet sich dieser Frage. Die Ausführungen sind nicht nur für die Geltendmachung von Schadensersatzansprüchen aufgrund Infektionen mit dem Sars-CoV-2-Virus von Nutzen, sondern auch dann, wenn zukünftig zivilrechtliche Schadensersatzansprüche aufgrund Infektionen mit anderen, ggfs. auch neu auftretenden, Viren geltend gemacht werden sollen. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://beck-online.beck.de/Bcid/Y-300-Z-COVUR-B-2020-S-738-N-1 SN - 2700-3051 VL - 1 IS - 14 SP - 738 EP - 742 PB - C.H. Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ziemann, Martin Andreas A1 - Madariaga, Juan Manuel T1 - Applications of Raman spectroscopy in art and archaeology JF - Journal of Raman spectroscopy N2 - The 10th edition of the International Congress on the Application of Raman Spectroscopy in Art and Archaeology (RAA2019) was held in Potsdam (Germany) from 3 to 7 September 2019, with eight keynote lectures, 35 oral presentations and 18 Poster Presentations. The number of active participants was 68 delegates from 20 countries among the 236 authors that presented at least one work. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.6054 SN - 0377-0486 SN - 1097-4555 VL - 52 IS - 1 SP - 8 EP - 14 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Olen, Stephanie M. A1 - Bookhagen, Bodo T1 - Applications of SAR interferometric coherence time series BT - satiotemporal dynamics of geomorphic transitions in the South-Central Andes JF - Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface N2 - Sediment transport domains in mountain landscapes are characterized by fundamentally different processes and rates depending on several factors, including geology, climate, and biota. Accurately identifying where transitions between transport domains occur is an important step to quantify the past, present, and future contribution of varying erosion and sedimentation processes and enhance our predictive capabilities. We propose a new methodology based on time series of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometric coherence images to map sediment transport regimes across arid and semiarid landscapes. Using 4 years of Sentinel-1 data, we analyze sediment transport regimes for the south-central Andes in northwestern Argentina characterized by steep topographic and climatic gradients. We observe seasonally low coherence during the regional wet season, particularly on hillslopes and in alluvial channels. The spatial distribution of coherence is compared to drainage areas extracted from digital topography to identify two distinct transitions within watersheds: (a) a hillslope-to-fluvial and (b) a fluvial-to-alluvial transition. While transitions within a given basin can be well-constrained, the relative role of each sediment transport domain varies widely over the climatic and topographic gradients. In semiarid regions, we observe larger relative contributions from hillslopes compared to arid regions. Across regional gradients, the range of coherence within basins positively correlates to previously published millennial catchment-wide erosion rates and to topographic metrics used to indicate long-term uplift. Our study suggests that a dense time series of interferometric coherence can be used as a proxy for surface sediment movement and landscape stability in vegetation-free settings at event to decadal timescales. KW - Copernicus KW - SAR KW - critical infrastructure resilience KW - early warning KW - landslides Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JF005141 SN - 2169-9003 SN - 2169-9011 VL - 125 IS - 3 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ziebarth, Malte J. A1 - von Specht, Sebastian A1 - Heidbach, Oliver A1 - Cotton, Fabrice A1 - Anderson, John G. T1 - Applying conservation of energy to estimate earthquake frequencies from strain rates and stresses JF - Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth N2 - Estimating earthquake occurrence rates from the accumulation rate of seismic moment is an established tool of seismic hazard analysis. We propose an alternative, fault-agnostic approach based on the conservation of energy: the Energy-Conserving Seismicity Framework (ENCOS). Working in energy space has the advantage that the radiated energy is a better predictor of the damage potential of earthquake waves than the seismic moment release. In a region, ENCOS balances the stationary power available to cause earthquakes with the long-term seismic energy release represented by the energy-frequency distribution's first moment. Accumulation and release are connected through the average seismic efficiency, by which we mean the fraction of released energy that is converted into seismic waves. Besides measuring earthquakes in energy, ENCOS differs from moment balance essentially in that the energy accumulation rate depends on the total stress in addition to the strain rate tensor. To validate ENCOS, we exemplarily model the energy-frequency distribution around Southern California. We estimate the energy accumulation rate due to tectonic loading assuming poroelasticity and hydrostasis. Using data from the World Stress Map and assuming the frictional limit to estimate the stress tensor, we obtain a power of 0.8 GW. The uncertainty range, 0.3-2.0GW, originates mainly from the thickness of the seismogenic crust, the friction coefficient on preexisting faults, and models of Global Positioning System (GPS) derived strain rates. Based on a Gutenberg-Richter magnitude-frequency distribution, this power can be distributed over a range of energies consistent with historical earthquake rates and reasonable bounds on the seismic efficiency. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JB020186 SN - 2169-9313 SN - 2169-9356 VL - 125 IS - 8 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - von Steinau-Steinrück, Robert A1 - Jöris, Nils T1 - Arbeitsschutz bei Corona BT - Versuch einer Entwirrung JF - NJW spezial N2 - Den Überblick im Arbeitsschutzrecht zu behalten, ist schwierig. Der Arbeitsschutz spielt sich in unterschiedlichen Bereichen und auf verschiedenen Ebenen ab. Außerdem sind die einschlägigen Rechtsnormen überaus verästelt. Der folgende Beitrag soll daher zur Entwirrung beitragen. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://beck-online.beck.de/Bcid/Y-300-Z-NJW-SPEZIAL-B-2020-S-370-N-1 SN - 1613-4621 VL - 17 IS - 12 SP - 370 EP - 371 PB - C.H. Beck CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffmann, Lisa A1 - Wilbert, Jürgen A1 - Lehofer, Mike A1 - Schwab, Susanne T1 - Are we good friends? BT - Friendship preferences and the quantity and quality of mutual friendships JF - European Journal of Special Needs Education N2 - Empirical studies already examined various facets of the friendship construct. Building on this, the present study examines the questions of how the number of friendships and their quality differ between students with and without SEN and whether a homophily-effect can be identified. The sample consists of 455 fourth-graders from 28 inclusive classes in Austria. The results indicate that students with SEN have fewer friends than students without SEN. Furthermore, students without SEN preferred peers without SEN as a friend. This homophily-effect was shown for students with SEN, too. However, students with and without SEN rated the quality of their friendships similarly and no interactions between the SEN status of oneself or of the friend was found for the quality of the friendship. The results show that, in the context of inclusion, the issue of friendship needs to be increasingly addressed to improve the situation of students with SEN. KW - social participation KW - friendship KW - quality of friendship KW - homophily KW - sociometric nomination Y1 - 2019 VL - 36 IS - 4 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nicenboim, Bruno A1 - Vasishth, Shravan A1 - Rösler, Frank T1 - Are words pre-activated probabilistically during sentence comprehension? BT - evidence from new data and a Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis using publicly available data JF - Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience N2 - Several studies (e.g., Wicha et al., 2003b; DeLong et al., 2005) have shown that readers use information from the sentential context to predict nouns (or some of their features), and that predictability effects can be inferred from the EEG signal in determiners or adjectives appearing before the predicted noun. While these findings provide evidence for the pre-activation proposal, recent replication attempts together with inconsistencies in the results from the literature cast doubt on the robustness of this phenomenon. Our study presents the first attempt to use the effect of gender on predictability in German to study the pre-activation hypothesis, capitalizing on the fact that all German nouns have a gender and that their preceding determiners can show an unambiguous gender marking when the noun phrase has accusative case. Despite having a relatively large sample size (of 120 subjects), both our preregistered and exploratory analyses failed to yield conclusive evidence for or against an effect of pre-activation. The sign of the effect is, however, in the expected direction: the more unexpected the gender of the determiner, the larger the negativity. The recent, inconclusive replication attempts by Nieuwland et al. (2018) and others also show effects with signs in the expected direction. We conducted a Bayesian random-ef-fects meta-analysis using our data and the publicly available data from these recent replication attempts. Our meta-analysis shows a relatively clear but very small effect that is consistent with the pre-activation account and demonstrates a very important advantage of the Bayesian data analysis methodology: we can incrementally accumulate evidence to obtain increasingly precise estimates of the effect of interest. KW - ERP KW - pre-activation KW - predictions KW - grammatical gender KW - Bayesian meta-analysis Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107427 SN - 0028-3932 SN - 1873-3514 VL - 142 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neitzel, Sönke T1 - Armee der Einheit BT - Jörg Schönbohm und die Auflösung der Nationalen Volksarmee der DDR JF - Die politische Meinung Y1 - 2020 SN - 0032-3446 VL - 65 IS - 564 SP - 115 EP - 118 PB - Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung CY - Osnabrück ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lettl, Tobias T1 - Art. 102 AEUV, § 19 GWB und Rechtsbruch, insbesondere Verstöße gegen AGB-Recht und Datenschutzrecht JF - Wettbewerb in Recht und Praxis Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.juris.de/perma?d=jzs-WRP-2020-11-1391-1400-1 SN - 0172-049X SN - 1435-3059 VL - 66 IS - 11 SP - 1391 EP - 1400 PB - dfv-Mediengruppe CY - Frankfurt am Main ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thulin, Mirjam T1 - Arthur Czellitzer (1871 – 1943) and the society for Jewish family research JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien = Transformative Translations in Jewish History and Culture N2 - In 1924, the Berlin ophthalmologist Arthur Czellitzer (1871–1943) and like-minded members of the local Jewish community founded the Society for Jewish Family Research. A year later, the Society launched the journal Jüdische Familienforschung (Jewish Family Research), edited by Czellitzer. The Society was an outstanding platform of professional academic and amateur researchers and promoted a type of Jewish genealogy and family history that was shaped by the historical-medical discourse of the time. The concepts and methods of both the biological sciences and Wissenschaft des Judentums shaped and defined the academic approach to family research and history in Czellitzer’s and the Society’s work. The Society soon became the leading international association for the academic Jewish genealogical research. Despite of its brutal end in 1938, Arthur Czellitzer’s and the Society’s works, the issues raised, and the methods they created shape Jewish family research and genealogy until today. Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-485534 SN - 978-3-86956-493-7 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 26 SP - 29 EP - 42 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herrero, Mario A1 - Thornton, Philip K. A1 - Mason-D'Croz, Daniel A1 - Palmer, Jeda A1 - Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon A1 - Pradhan, Prajal A1 - Barrett, Christopher B. A1 - Benton, Tim G. A1 - Hall, Andrew A1 - Pikaar, Ilje A1 - Bogard, Jessica R. A1 - Bonnett, Graham D. A1 - Bryan, Brett A. A1 - Campbell, Bruce M. A1 - Christensen, Svend A1 - Clark, Michael A1 - Fanzo, Jessica A1 - Godde, Cecile M. A1 - Jarvis, Andy A1 - Loboguerrero, Ana Maria A1 - Mathys, Alexander A1 - McIntyre, C. Lynne A1 - Naylor, Rosamond L. A1 - Nelson, Rebecca A1 - Obersteiner, Michael A1 - Parodi, Alejandro A1 - Popp, Alexander A1 - Ricketts, Katie A1 - Smith, Pete A1 - Valin, Hugo A1 - Vermeulen, Sonja J. A1 - Vervoort, Joost A1 - van Wijk, Mark A1 - van Zanten, Hannah H. E. A1 - West, Paul C. A1 - Wood, Stephen A. A1 - Rockström, Johan T1 - Articulating the effect of food systems innovation on the Sustainable Development Goals JF - The lancet Planetary health N2 - Food system innovations will be instrumental to achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, major innovation breakthroughs can trigger profound and disruptive changes, leading to simultaneous and interlinked reconfigurations of multiple parts of the global food system. The emergence of new technologies or social solutions, therefore, have very different impact profiles, with favourable consequences for some SDGs and unintended adverse side-effects for others. Stand-alone innovations seldom achieve positive outcomes over multiple sustainability dimensions. Instead, they should be embedded as part of systemic changes that facilitate the implementation of the SDGs. Emerging trade-offs need to be intentionally addressed to achieve true sustainability, particularly those involving social aspects like inequality in its many forms, social justice, and strong institutions, which remain challenging. Trade-offs with undesirable consequences are manageable through the development of well planned transition pathways, careful monitoring of key indicators, and through the implementation of transparent science targets at the local level. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30277-1 SN - 2542-5196 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - E50 EP - E62 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilkens, Martin T1 - AS TIME GOES BY. Rythmizität Zyklizität - Kategorien zeitlicher Stukturierung JF - Zyklizität & Rhythmik: eine multidisziplinäre Vorlesungsreihe Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-86464-169-5 SP - 71 EP - 84 PB - trafo CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Smith, Taylor A1 - Bookhagen, Bodo T1 - Assessing Multi-Temporal Snow-Volume Trends in High Mountain Asia From 1987 to 2016 Using High-Resolution Passive Microwave Data JF - Frontiers in Earth Science N2 - High Mountain Asia (HMA) is dependent upon both the amount and timing of snow and glacier meltwater. Previous model studies and coarse resolution (0.25° × 0.25°, ∼25 km × 25 km) passive microwave assessments of trends in the volume and timing of snowfall, snowmelt, and glacier melt in HMA have identified key spatial and seasonal heterogeneities in the response of snow to changes in regional climate. Here we use recently developed, continuous, internally consistent, and high-resolution passive microwave data (3.125 km × 3.125 km, 1987–2016) from the special sensor microwave imager instrument family to refine and extend previous estimates of changes in the snow regime of HMA. We find an overall decline in snow volume across HMA; however, there exist spatially contiguous regions of increasing snow volume—particularly during the winter season in the Pamir, Karakoram, Hindu Kush, and Kunlun Shan. Detailed analysis of changes in snow-volume trends through time reveal a large step change from negative trends during the period 1987–1997, to much more positive trends across large regions of HMA during the periods 1997–2007 and 2007–2016. We also find that changes in high percentile monthly snow-water volume exhibit steeper trends than changes in low percentile snow-water volume, which suggests a reduction in the frequency of high snow-water volumes in much of HMA. Regions with positive snow-water storage trends generally correspond to regions of positive glacier mass balances. KW - snow KW - glacier KW - climate change KW - passive microwave KW - special sensor microwave imager KW - special sensor microwave imager/sounder Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.559175 SN - 2296-6463 VL - 8 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - D'Ascenzo, Stefania A1 - Lugli, Luisa A1 - Nicoletti, Roberto A1 - Fischer, Martin H. T1 - Assessing orienting of attention to understand the time course of mental calculation JF - Cognitive processing : international quarterly of cognitive science N2 - Number processing induces spatial attention shifts to the left or right side for small or large numbers, respectively. This spatial-numerical association (SNA) extends to mental calculation, such that subtractions and additions induce left or right biases, respectively. However, the time course of activating SNAs during mental calculation is unclear. Here, we addressed this issue by measuring visual position discrimination during auditory calculation. Thirty-four healthy adults listened in each trial to five successive elements of arithmetic facts (first operand, operator, second operand, equal and result) and verbally classified their correctness. After each element (except for the result), a fixation dot moved equally often to either the left or right side and participants pressed left or right buttons to discriminate its movement direction (four times per trial). First and second operand magnitude (small/large), operation (addition/subtraction), result correctness (right/wrong) and movement direction (left/right) were balanced across 128 trials. Manual reaction times of dot movement discriminations were considered in relation to previous arithmetic elements. We found no evidence of early attentional shifts after first operand and operator presentation. Discrimination performance was modulated consistent with SNAs after the second operand, suggesting that attentional shifts occur once there is access to all elements necessary to complete an arithmetic operation. Such late-occurring attention shifts may reflect a combination of multiple element-specific biases and confirm their functional role in mental calculation. KW - Attention KW - Mental arithmetic KW - Numerical cognition KW - Spatial-numerical KW - associations Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10339-020-00970-y SN - 1612-4782 SN - 1612-4790 VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 493 EP - 500 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ; Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jing, Miao A1 - Kumar, Rohini A1 - Heße, Falk A1 - Thober, Stephan A1 - Rakovec, Oldrich A1 - Samaniego, Luis A1 - Attinger, Sabine T1 - Assessing the response of groundwater quantity and travel time distribution to 1.5, 2, and 3 °C global warming in a mesoscale central German basin JF - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences N2 - Groundwater is the biggest single source of high-quality freshwater worldwide, which is also continuously threatened by the changing climate. In this paper, we investigate the response of the regional groundwater system to climate change under three global warming levels (1.5, 2, and 3 ∘C) in a central German basin (Nägelstedt). This investigation is conducted by deploying an integrated modeling workflow that consists of a mesoscale hydrologic model (mHM) and a fully distributed groundwater model, OpenGeoSys (OGS). mHM is forced with climate simulations of five general circulation models under three representative concentration pathways. The diffuse recharges estimated by mHM are used as boundary forcings to the OGS groundwater model to compute changes in groundwater levels and travel time distributions. Simulation results indicate that groundwater recharges and levels are expected to increase slightly under future climate scenarios. Meanwhile, the mean travel time is expected to decrease compared to the historical average. However, the ensemble simulations do not all agree on the sign of relative change. Changes in mean travel time exhibit a larger variability than those in groundwater levels. The ensemble simulations do not show a systematic relationship between the projected change (in both groundwater levels and travel times) and the warming level, but they indicate an increased variability in projected changes with adjusting the enhanced warming level from 1.5 to 3 ∘C. Correspondingly, it is highly recommended to restrain the trend of global warming. KW - climate change impacts KW - hydrological models KW - coupled surface KW - water fluxes KW - catchment KW - recharge KW - dynamics KW - aquifer KW - flow KW - parameterization Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1511-2020 SN - 1607-7938 SN - 1027-5606 VL - 24 IS - 3 SP - 1511 EP - 1526 PB - Copernicus Publ. CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cavael, Ulrike A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Lentzsch, Peter T1 - Assessment of growth suppression in apple production with replant soils JF - Ecological indicators : integrating monitoring, assessment and management N2 - Apple replant disease (ARD) is a specific apple-related form of soil fertility loss due to unidentified causes and is also known as soil fatigue. The effect typically appears in monoculture production sites and leads to production decreases of up to 50%, even though the cultivation practice remains the same. However, an indication of replant disease is challenged by the lack of specification of the particular microbial group responsible for ARD. The objective of this study was to establish an algorithm for estimating growth suppression in orchards irrespective of the unknowns in the complex causal relationship by assessing plant-soil interaction in the orchard several years after planting. Based on a comparison between no-replant and replant soils, the Alternaria group (Ag) was identified as a soil-fungal population responding to replant with abundance. The trunk cross-sectional area (CSA) was found to be a practical and robust parameter representing below-ground and above-ground tree performance. Suppression of tree vigour was therefore calculated by dividing the two inversely related parameters, Q = ln(Ag)/CSA, as a function of soil-fungal proportions and plant responses at the single-tree level. On this basis, five clusters of tree vigour suppression (Q) were defined: (1) no tree vigour suppression/vital (0%), (2) escalating (- 38%), (3) strong (- 53%), (4) very strong (- 62%), and (5) critical (- 74%). By calculating Q at the level of the single tree, trees were clustered according to tree vigour suppression. The weighted frequency of clusters in the field allowed replant impact to be quantified at field level. Applied to a case study on sandy brown, dry diluvial soils in Brandenburg, Germany, the calculated tree vigour suppression was 46% compared to the potential tree vigour on no-replant soil in the same field. It is highly likely that the calculated growth suppression corresponds to ARD-impact This result is relevant for identifying functional changes in soil and for monitoring the economic effects of soil fatigue in apple orchards, particularly where long-period crop rotation or plot exchange are improbable. KW - orchard management KW - trunk cross-sectional area KW - alternaria group KW - apple KW - production KW - soil fatigue KW - apple replant disease Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105846 SN - 1470-160X SN - 1872-7034 VL - 109 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cavael, Ulrike A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Lentzsch, Peter T1 - Assessment of growth suppression in apple production with replant soils JF - Ecological indicators : integrating monitoring, assessment and management N2 - Apple replant disease (ARD) is a specific apple-related form of soil fertility loss due to unidentified causes and is also known as soil fatigue. The effect typically appears in monoculture production sites and leads to production decreases of up to 50%, even though the cultivation practice remains the same. However, an indication of replant disease is challenged by the lack of specification of the particular microbial group responsible for ARD. The objective of this study was to establish an algorithm for estimating growth suppression in orchards irrespective of the unknowns in the complex causal relationship by assessing plant-soil interaction in the orchard several years after planting. Based on a comparison between no-replant and replant soils, the Alternaria group (Ag) was identified as a soil-fungal population responding to replant with abundance. The trunk cross-sectional area (CSA) was found to be a practical and robust parameter representing below-ground and above-ground tree performance. Suppression of tree vigour was therefore calculated by dividing the two inversely related parameters, Q = ln(Ag)/CSA, as a function of soil-fungal proportions and plant responses at the single-tree level. On this basis, five clusters of tree vigour suppression (Q) were defined: (1) no tree vigour suppression/vital (0%), (2) escalating (- 38%), (3) strong (- 53%), (4) very strong (- 62%), and (5) critical (- 74%). By calculating Q at the level of the single tree, trees were clustered according to tree vigour suppression. The weighted frequency of clusters in the field allowed replant impact to be quantified at field level. Applied to a case study on sandy brown, dry diluvial soils in Brandenburg, Germany, the calculated tree vigour suppression was 46% compared to the potential tree vigour on no-replant soil in the same field. It is highly likely that the calculated growth suppression corresponds to ARD-impact This result is relevant for identifying functional changes in soil and for monitoring the economic effects of soil fatigue in apple orchards, particularly where long-period crop rotation or plot exchange are improbable. KW - orchard management KW - trunk cross-sectional area KW - alternaria group KW - apple KW - production KW - soil fatigue KW - apple replant disease Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105846 SN - 1470-160X SN - 1872-7034 VL - 109 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Saberi Hosnijeh, Fatemeh A1 - Casabonne, Delphine A1 - Nieters, Alexandra A1 - Solans, Marta A1 - Naudin, Sabine A1 - Ferrari, Pietro A1 - Mckay, James D. A1 - Benavente, Yolanda A1 - Weiderpass, Elisabete A1 - Freisling, Heinz A1 - Severi, Gianluca A1 - Boutron Ruault, Marie-Christine A1 - Besson, Caroline A1 - Agnoli, Claudia A1 - Masala, Giovanna A1 - Sacerdote, Carlotta A1 - Tumino, Rosario A1 - Huerta, Jose Maria A1 - Amiano, Pilar A1 - Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel A1 - Bonet, Catalina A1 - Barricarte, Aurelio A1 - Christakoudi, Sofia A1 - Knuppel, Anika A1 - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas A1 - Schulze, Matthias Bernd A1 - Kaaks, Rudolf A1 - Canzian, Federico A1 - Spath, Florentin A1 - Jerkeman, Mats A1 - Rylander, Charlotta A1 - Tjonneland, Anne A1 - Olsen, Anja A1 - Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen A1 - Vermeulen, Roel T1 - Association between anthropometry and lifestyle factors and risk of B-cell lymphoma BT - an exposome-wide analysis JF - International journal of cancer N2 - To better understand the role of individual and lifestyle factors in human disease, an exposome-wide association study was performed to investigate within a single-study anthropometry measures and lifestyle factors previously associated with B-cell lymphoma (BCL). Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition study, 2402 incident BCL cases were diagnosed from 475 426 participants that were followed-up on average 14 years. Standard and penalized Cox regression models as well as principal component analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate 84 exposures in relation to BCL risk. Standard and penalized Cox regression models showed a positive association between anthropometric measures and BCL and multiple myeloma/plasma cell neoplasm (MM). The penalized Cox models additionally showed the association between several exposures from categories of physical activity, smoking status, medical history, socioeconomic position, diet and BCL and/or the subtypes. PCAs confirmed the individual associations but also showed additional observations. The PC5 including anthropometry, was positively associated with BCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and MM. There was a significant positive association between consumption of sugar and confectionary (PC11) and follicular lymphoma risk, and an inverse association between fish and shellfish and Vitamin D (PC15) and DLBCL risk. The PC1 including features of the Mediterranean diet and diet with lower inflammatory score showed an inverse association with BCL risk, while the PC7, including dairy, was positively associated with BCL and DLBCL risk. Physical activity (PC10) was positively associated with DLBCL risk among women. This study provided informative insights on the etiology of BCL. KW - exposome KW - exposome‐ wide association study KW - lifestyle KW - lymphoma KW - prospective study Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.33369 SN - 0020-7136 SN - 1097-0215 VL - 148 IS - 9 SP - 2115 EP - 2128 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arazi, Hamid A1 - Asadi, Abbas A1 - Khalkhali, Farhood A1 - Boullosa, Daniel A1 - Hackney, Anthony C. A1 - Granacher, Urs A1 - Zouhal, Hassane T1 - Association Between the Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio and Injury Occurrence in Young Male Team Soccer Players BT - A Preliminary Study N2 - This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR), based upon participant session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), using two models [(1) rolling averages (ACWRRA); and (2) exponentially weighted moving averages (ACWREWMA)] and the injury rate in young male team soccer players aged 17.1 ± 0.7 years during a competitive mesocycle. Twenty-two players were enrolled in this study and performed four training sessions per week with 2 days of recovery and 1 match day per week. During each training session and each weekly match, training time and sRPE were recorded. In addition, training impulse (TRIMP), monotony, and strain were subsequently calculated. The rate of injury was recorded for each soccer player over a period of 4 weeks (i.e., 28 days) using a daily questionnaire. The results showed that over the course of the study, the number of non-contact injuries was significantly higher than that for contact injuries (2.5 vs. 0.5, p = 0.01). There were also significant positive correlations between sRPE and training time (r = 0.411, p = 0.039), ACWRRA (r = 0.47, p = 0.049), and ACWREWMA (r = 0.51, p = 0.038). In addition, small-to-medium correlations were detected between ACWR and non-contact injury occurrence (ACWRRA, r = 0.31, p = 0.05; ACWREWMA, r = 0.53, p = 0.03). Explained variance (r²) for non-contact injury was significantly greater using the ACWREWMA model (ranging between 21 and 52%) compared with ACWRRA (ranging between 17 and 39%). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the ACWREWMA model is more sensitive than ACWRRA to identify non-contact injury occurrence in male team soccer players during a short period in the competitive season. KW - training load KW - rate of perceived exertion KW - rolling averages KW - weighted moving averages KW - football Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00608 SN - 1664-042X VL - 11 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER -