TY  - JOUR
A1  - Masigol, Hossein
A1  - Khodaparast, Seyed Akbar
A1  - Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa, Reza
A1  - Rojas-Jimenez, Keilor
A1  - Woodhouse, Jason Nicholas
A1  - Neubauer, Darshan
A1  - Grossart, Hans-Peter
T1  - Taxonomical and functional diversity of Saprolegniales in Anzali lagoon, Iran
JF  - Aquatic Ecology
N2  - Studies on the diversity, distribution and ecological role of Saprolegniales (Oomycota) in freshwater ecosystems are currently receiving attention due to a greater understanding of their role in carbon cycling in various aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we characterized several Saprolegniales species isolated from Anzali lagoon, Gilan province, Iran, using morphological and molecular methods. Four species of Saprolegnia were identified, including S. anisospora and S. diclina as first reports for Iran, as well as Achlya strains, which were closely related to A. bisexualis, A. debaryana and A. intricata. Evaluation of the ligno-, cellulo- and chitinolytic activities was performed using plate assay methods. Most of the Saprolegniales isolates were obtained in autumn, and nearly 50% of the strains showed chitinolytic and cellulolytic activities. However, only a few Saprolegniales strains showed lignolytic activities. This study has important implications for better understanding the ecological niche of oomycetes, and to differentiate them from morphologically similar, but functionally different aquatic fungi in freshwater ecosystems.
KW  - Achlya
KW  - Saprolegnia
KW  - aquatic ecosystems
KW  - carbon cycling
KW  - polymer degradation
KW  - Saprolegniaceae
KW  - Achlyaceae
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-019-09745-w
SN  - 1573-5125
SN  - 1386-2588
VL  - 54
IS  - 1
SP  - 323
EP  - 336
PB  - Springer Science
CY  - Dordrecht
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schönemann, Eric
A1  - Laschewsky, Andre
A1  - Rosenhahn, Axel
T1  - Exploring the long-term hydrolytic behavior of zwitterionic polymethacrylates and polymethacrylamides
JF  - Polymers
N2  - The hydrolytic stability of polymers to be used for coatings in aqueous environments, for example, to confer anti-fouling properties, is crucial. However, long-term exposure studies on such polymers are virtually missing. In this context, we synthesized a set of nine polymers that are typically used for low-fouling coatings, comprising the well-established poly(oligoethylene glycol methylether methacrylate), poly(3-(N-2-methacryloylethyl-N,N-dimethyl) ammoniopropanesulfonate) (sulfobetaine methacrylate), and poly(3-(N-3-methacryamidopropyl-N,N-dimethyl)ammoniopropanesulfonate) (sulfobetaine methacrylamide) as well as a series of hitherto rarely studied polysulfabetaines, which had been suggested to be particularly hydrolysis-stable. Hydrolysis resistance upon extended storage in aqueous solution is followed by H-1 NMR at ambient temperature in various pH regimes. Whereas the monomers suffered slow (in PBS) to very fast hydrolysis (in 1 M NaOH), the polymers, including the polymethacrylates, proved to be highly stable. No degradation of the carboxyl ester or amide was observed after one year in PBS, 1 M HCl, or in sodium carbonate buffer of pH 10. This demonstrates their basic suitability for anti-fouling applications. Poly(sulfobetaine methacrylamide) proved even to be stable for one year in 1 M NaOH without any signs of degradation. The stability is ascribed to a steric shielding effect. The hemisulfate group in the polysulfabetaines, however, was found to be partially labile.
KW  - polyzwitterions
KW  - stability
KW  - polymer degradation
KW  - hydrolysis
KW  - polysulfobetaine
KW  - polysulfabetaine
KW  - anti-fouling materials
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10060639
SN  - 2073-4360
VL  - 10
IS  - 6
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -