TY  - JOUR
A1  - Chung, Oliver
A1  - Vongpatanasin, Wanpen
A1  - Bonaventura, Klaus
A1  - Lotan, Yair
A1  - Sohns, Christian
A1  - Haverkamp, Wilhelm
A1  - Dorenkamp, Marc
T1  - Potential cost-effectiveness of therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with resistant hypertension
JF  - Journal of hypertension
N2  - Background: Nonadherence to drug therapy poses a significant problem in the treatment of patients with presumed resistant hypertension. It has been shown that therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a useful tool for detecting nonadherence and identifying barriers to treatment adherence, leading to effective blood pressure (BP) control. However, the cost-effectiveness of TDM in the management of resistant hypertension has not been investigated.
 Results: In the age group of 60-year olds, TDM gained 1.07 QALYs in men and 0.97 QALYs in women at additional costs of (sic)3854 and (sic)3922, respectively. Given a willingness-to-pay threshold of (sic)35 000 per QALY gained, the probability of TDM being cost-effective was 95% or more in all age groups from 30 to 90 years. Results were influenced mostly by the frequency of TDM testing, the rate of nonresponders to TDM, and the magnitude of effect of TDM on BP.
 Conclusion: Therapeutic drug monitoring presents a potential cost-effective healthcare intervention in patients diagnosed with resistant hypertension. Importantly, this finding is valid for a wide range of patients, independent of sex and age.
KW  - cardiovascular diseases
KW  - cost and cost analysis
KW  - cost-benefit analysis
KW  - drug monitoring
KW  - hypertension
KW  - medication adherence
KW  - probability
KW  - risk assessment
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000000346
SN  - 0263-6352
SN  - 1473-5598
VL  - 32
IS  - 12
SP  - 2411
EP  - 2421
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
CY  - Philadelphia
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sureth, Michael
A1  - Kalkuhl, Matthias
A1  - Edenhofer, Ottmar
A1  - Rockström, Johan
T1  - A welfare economic approach to planetary boundaries
JF  - Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik
N2  - The crises of both the climate and the biosphere are manifestations of the imbalance between human extractive, and polluting activities and the Earth’s regenerative capacity. Planetary boundaries define limits for biophysical systems and processes that regulate the stability and life support capacity of the Earth system, and thereby also define a safe operating space for humanity on Earth. Budgets associated to planetary boundaries can be understood as global commons: common pool resources that can be utilized within finite limits. Despite the analytical interpretation of planetary boundaries as global commons, the planetary boundaries framework is missing a thorough integration into economic theory. We aim to bridge the gap between welfare economic theory and planetary boundaries as derived in the natural sciences by presenting a unified theory of cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis. Our pragmatic approach aims to overcome shortcomings of the practical applications of CEA and CBA to environmental problems of a planetary scale. To do so, we develop a model framework and explore decision paradigms that give guidance to setting limits on human activities. This conceptual framework is then applied to planetary boundaries. We conclude by using the realized insights to derive a research agenda that builds on the understanding of planetary boundaries as global commons.
KW  - cost-benefit analysis
KW  - cost-effectiveness analysis
KW  - global commons
KW  - planetary boundaries
KW  - precautionary principle
KW  - shadow price
KW  - uncertainty
KW  - welfare economics
Y1  - 2023
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1515/jbnst-2022-0022
SN  - 0021-4027
SN  - 2366-049X
VL  - 243
IS  - 5
SP  - 477
EP  - 542
PB  - De Gruyter Oldenbourg
CY  - Berlin
ER  -