TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wiemann, Dirk
T1  - Cities of the mind - villages of the mind
BT  - imagining urbanity in Contemporary India
JF  - Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik : a quarterly of language, literature and cultur
N2  - Deep into the second half of the twentieth century the traditionalist definition of India as a country of villages remained dominant in official political rhetoric as well as cultural production. In the past two decades or so, this ruralist paradigm has been effectively superseded by a metropolitan imaginary in which the modern, globalised megacity increasingly functions as representative of India as a whole. Has the village, then, entirely vanished from the cultural imaginary in contemporary India? Addressing economic practices from upper-class consumerism to working-class family support strategies, this paper attempts to trace how 'the village' resurfaces or survives as a cultural reference point in the midst of the urban.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1515/zaa.2013.61.1.59
SN  - 0044-2305
VL  - 61
IS  - 1
SP  - 59
EP  - 72
PB  - Königshausen & Neumann
CY  - Würzburg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sarrar, L.
A1  - Warschburger, Petra
A1  - Pfeiffer, E.
A1  - Lehmkuhl, Ulrike
A1  - Schneider, N.
T1  - Cognitive flexibility in adolescent patients with unipolar affective disorders - gender differences
JF  - Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie
N2  - Objective: Several studies have revealed impairments in cognitive functions among patients with affective disorders (AD). However, to date there are few neuropsychological studies on cognitive flexibility among adolescent patients with AD, especially on gender differences in AD. Here, we investigate cognitive functions, especially cognitive flexibility, in adolescent patients with unipolar AD (UAD) compared to a healthy control group (CG). Method: The study population consists of 17 male patients (M-age = 15.4 +/- 1.3) and 22 female patients with UAD (M-age = 15.6 +/- 1.4) as well as 20 male (M-age = 16.0 +/- 1.0) and 30 female (M-age = 15.7 +/- 0.9) healthy adolescents. A neuropsychological test battery was conducted, and depressive symptoms, psychological stress, and intelligence were also assessed. Results: The analyses revealed no significant group differences regarding cognitive flexibility or visual processing speed, albeit slight better performance in motor processing speed for the CG. Furthermore, no gender differences were observed regarding cognitive flexibility, though female subjects general displayed better performance in processing speed. Conclusions: Overall, there are no indications for serious deficits and specific gender differences in cognitive flexibility or processing speed in adolescent patients with UAD. Independent of psychological distress, female subjects seem to have some advantages in processing speed.
KW  - cognitive flexibility
KW  - unipolar affective disorders
KW  - sex differences
KW  - adolescents
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917/a000240
SN  - 1422-4917
VL  - 41
IS  - 4
SP  - 261
EP  - 270
PB  - Hogrefe
CY  - Bern
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Nottebrock, Henning
A1  - Esler, Karen J.
A1  - Schurr, Frank Martin
T1  - Effects of intraspecific and community density on the lifetime fecundity of long-lived shrubs
JF  - Perspectives in plant ecology, evolution and systematics
N2  - Intra- and interspecific density dependence has profound consequences for plant population and community dynamics. In long-lived plants, however, lifetime patterns and mechanisms of density dependence are difficult to study. Here, we examine effects of intraspecific and community density on the lifetime fecundity of two long-lived shrub species from South African Fynbos: Protea repens (animal-pollinated, hermaphroditic) and Leucadendron rubrum (wind-pollinated, dioecious). Both species are serotinous, retaining seeds in cones until fire kills the mother plant. We measured lifetime fecundity as the product of cone number, proportion of cones that are not damaged by predation and seed set (fertile seeds per intact cone). Intraspecific and community densities were quantified by counting individuals of target species and all Proteaceae in small- and large-scale neighbourhoods (10 m and 50 m radius) around each focal individual. Additionally, we determined the age and size of focal individuals. We found that lifetime fecundity of the wind-pollinated L rubrum is density independent. In contrast, the lifetime fecundity of the animal-pollinated P. repens increases with large-scale intraspecific density and shows a hump-shaped relationship to large-scale community density. Community density has a hump-shaped effect on seed set (probably through partial absence of generalized pollinators at low and competition for pollinators at high densities) and negatively affects cone number per individual. For both species, plant age decreases seed set while increasing lifetime fecundity. The qualitative differences in the density dependence of lifetime fecundity may arise from differences between animal and wind pollination. In particular, interactions with generalized animal pollinators may cause community-level Allee effects with profound consequences for the future dynamics of long-lived plant populations and communities.
KW  - Competition
KW  - Community-level Allee effects
KW  - Facilitation
KW  - Fitness components
KW  - Interspecific interactions
KW  - Plant-animal interactions
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2013.03.003
SN  - 1433-8319
VL  - 15
IS  - 3
SP  - 150
EP  - 161
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Jena
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hernandez de la Fuente, David
T1  - The chorus of dionysus religion and education in Plato's Nomoi
JF  - Zeitschrift für Religions- und Geistesgeschichte
Y1  - 2013
SN  - 0044-3441
VL  - 65
IS  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 17
PB  - Brill
CY  - Leiden
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schaffner, Ellen
A1  - Schiefele, Ulrich
A1  - Schmidt, Meike
T1  - The importance of family background for reading motivation and reading frequency of high school students
JF  - Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und pädagogische Psychologie
N2  - This article examines the relationships between family background and reading motivation (RM) as well as reading frequency in a sample of 156 high school students. To test the effects of family background (migration status, books at home, parents' appreciation of reading, parents' motivating practices), hierarchical regression analyses were applied. In these analyses, students' perceptions of reading incentives provided by the school and peer group were taken into account as control variables. Parents' learning-oriented appreciation of reading and motivating practices emerged as important predictors of intrinsic and extrinsic RM. Reading frequency was predicted by the number of books at home and parents' motivating practices. The effects of family background on extrinsic RM and reading frequency remained stable, even after controlling for reading incentives provided by the school and peer group.
KW  - reading motivation
KW  - reading frequency
KW  - family background
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1026/0049-8637/a000085
SN  - 0049-8637
VL  - 45
IS  - 3
SP  - 131
EP  - 141
PB  - Hogrefe
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Möller, Ingrid
A1  - Krahé, Barbara
A1  - Busching, Robert
T1  - Consumption of media violence and aggressive behavior a longitudinal study of German adolescents with and without migration background
JF  - Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und pädagogische Psychologie
N2  - The consumption of media violence and aggressive behavior were assessed three times in a sample of N=1,052 German adolescents with and without migration background over a period of two years with 12-month intervals. The adolescents in the two groups, who were in grades 7 and 8 at T1, were matched by gender, age, type of school, and academic achievement. Students in the migrant group reported higher consumption of violent media. At T3, they showed more physical but less relational aggression than their peers of German background. Cross-lagged panel analyses showed parallel associations between media violence use and aggression in both groups: Media violence consumption at T1 and T2 predicted physical aggression at T2 and T3 independent of ethnic background. The reverse path from physical aggression to media violence consumption was nonsignificant. No link was found between media violence use and relational aggression over time.
KW  - media violence
KW  - aggression
KW  - migration
KW  - adolescence
KW  - longitudinal study
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1026/0049-8637/a000086
SN  - 0049-8637
VL  - 45
IS  - 3
SP  - 121
EP  - 130
PB  - Hogrefe
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Junginger, Mathias
A1  - Kübel, Christian
A1  - Schacher, Felix H.
A1  - Müller, Axel H. E.
A1  - Taubert, Andreas
T1  - Crystal structure and chemical composition of biomimetic calcium phosphate nanofibers
JF  - RSC Advances
N2  - Calcium phosphate nanofibers with a diameter of only a few nanometers and a cotton-ball-like aggregate morphology have been reported several times in the literature. Although fiber formation seems reproducible in a variety of conditions, the crystal structure and chemical composition of the fibers have been elusive. Using scanning transmission electron microscopy, low dose electron (nano) diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy, we have assigned crystal structures and chemical compositions to the fibers. Moreover, we demonstrate that the mineralization process yields true polymer/calcium phosphate hybrid materials where the block copolymer template is closely associated with the calcium phosphate.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra23348k
SN  - 2046-2069
VL  - 3
IS  - 28
SP  - 11301
EP  - 11308
PB  - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Liang, Wei
A1  - Heinrich, Ingo
A1  - Helle, Gerhard
A1  - Linan, Isabel Dorado
A1  - Heinken, Thilo
T1  - Applying CLSM to increment core surfaces for histometric analyses a novel advance in quantitative wood anatomy
JF  - Dendrochronologia : an interdisciplinary journal of tree-ring science
N2  - A novel procedure has been developed to conduct cell structure measurements on increment core samples of conifers. The procedure combines readily available hardware and software equipment. The essential part of the procedure is the application of a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) which captures images directly from increment cores surfaced with the advanced WSL core-microtome. Cell wall and lumen are displayed with a strong contrast due to the monochrome black and green nature of the images. Consecutive images are merged into long images representing entire increment cores which are then analysed for cell structures in suitable software.
KW  - Wood anatomy
KW  - Cell structures
KW  - Confocal laser scanning microscopy
KW  - CLSM
KW  - Dendrochronology
KW  - Surface preparation
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dendro.2012.09.002
SN  - 1125-7865
VL  - 31
IS  - 2
SP  - 140
EP  - 145
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Jena
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tischer, Ute
T1  - Manifestus error? Wrong Citation and literary Communication (on Gel. 15.6)
JF  - Mnemosyne : a journal of classical studies
Y1  - 2013
SN  - 0026-7074
VL  - 66
IS  - 3
SP  - 411
EP  - 432
PB  - Brill
CY  - Leiden
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Conradt, Tobias
A1  - Wechsung, F.
A1  - Bronstert, Axel
T1  - Three perceptions of the evapotranspiration landscape comparing spatial patterns from a distributed hydrological model, remotely sensed surface temperatures, and sub-basin water balances
JF  - Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS
N2  - A problem encountered by many distributed hydrological modelling studies is high simulation errors at interior gauges when the model is only globally calibrated at the outlet. We simulated river runoff in the Elbe River basin in central Europe (148 268 km(2)) with the semi-distributed eco-hydrological model SWIM (Soil and Water Integrated Model). While global parameter optimisation led to Nash-Sutcliffe efficiencies of 0.9 at the main outlet gauge, comparisons with measured runoff series at interior points revealed large deviations. Therefore, we compared three different strategies for deriving sub-basin evapotranspiration: (1) modelled by SWIM without any spatial calibration, (2) derived from remotely sensed surface temperatures, and (3) calculated from long-term precipitation and discharge data. The results show certain consistencies between the modelled and the remote sensing based evapotranspiration rates, but there seems to be no correlation between remote sensing and water balance based estimations. Subsequent analyses for single sub-basins identify amongst others input weather data and systematic error amplification in inter-gauge discharge calculations as sources of uncertainty. The results encourage careful utilisation of different data sources for enhancements in distributed hydrological modelling.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2947-2013
SN  - 1027-5606
VL  - 17
IS  - 7
SP  - 2947
EP  - 2966
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sommer, Michael
A1  - Jochheim, H.
A1  - Höhn, Axel
A1  - Breuer, Jörn
A1  - Zagorski, Z.
A1  - Busse, J.
A1  - Barkusky, Dietmar
A1  - Meier, K.
A1  - Puppe, D.
A1  - Wanner, Manfred
A1  - Kaczorek, Danuta
T1  - Si cycling in a forest biogeosystem - the importance of transient state biogenic Si pools
JF  - Biogeosciences
N2  - The relevance of biological Si cycling for dissolved silica (DSi) export from terrestrial biogeosystems is still in debate. Even in systems showing a high content of weatherable minerals, like Cambisols on volcanic tuff, biogenic Si (BSi) might contribute > 50% to DSi (Gerard et al., 2008). However, the number of biogeosystem studies is rather limited for generalized conclusions. To cover one end of controlling factors on DSi, i.e., weatherable minerals content, we studied a forested site with absolute quartz dominance (> 95 %). Here we hypothesise minimal effects of chemical weathering of silicates on DSi. During a four year observation period (05/2007-04/2011), we quantified (i) internal and external Si fluxes of a temperate-humid biogeosystem (beech, 120 yr) by BIOME-BGC (version ZALF), (ii) related Si budgets, and (iii) Si pools in soil and beech, chemically as well as by SEM-EDX. For the first time two compartments of biogenic Si in soils were analysed, i.e., phytogenic and zoogenic Si pool (testate amoebae). We quantified an average Si plant uptake of 35 kg Si ha(-1) yr(-1) - most of which is recycled to the soil by litterfall - and calculated an annual biosilicification from idiosomic testate amoebae of 17 kg Si ha(-1). The comparatively high DSi concentrations (6 mg L-1) and DSi exports (12 kg Si ha(-1) yr(-1)) could not be explained by chemical weathering of feldspars or quartz dissolution. Instead, dissolution of a relictic, phytogenic Si pool seems to be the main process for the DSi observed. We identified canopy closure accompanied by a disappearance of grasses as well as the selective extraction of pine trees 30 yr ago as the most probable control for the phenomena observed. From our results we concluded the biogeosystem to be in a transient state in terms of Si cycling.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4991-2013
SN  - 1726-4170
VL  - 10
IS  - 7
SP  - 4991
EP  - 5007
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Solly, Emily
A1  - Schöning, Ingo
A1  - Boch, Steffen
A1  - Mueller, J.
A1  - Socher, S. A.
A1  - Trumbore, S. E.
A1  - Schrumpf, M.
T1  - Mean age of carbon in fine roots from temperate forests and grasslands with different management
JF  - Biogeosciences
N2  - Fine roots are the most dynamic portion of a plant's root system and a major source of soil organic matter. By altering plant species diversity and composition, soil conditions and nutrient availability, and consequently belowground allocation and dynamics of root carbon (C) inputs, land-use and management changes may influence organic C storage in terrestrial ecosystems. In three German regions, we measured fine root radiocarbon (C-14) content to estimate the mean time since C in root tissues was fixed from the atmosphere in 54 grassland and forest plots with different management and soil conditions. Although root biomass was on average greater in grasslands 5.1 +/- 0.8 g (mean +/- SE, n = 27) than in forests 3.1 +/- 0.5 g (n = 27) (p < 0.05), the mean age of C in fine roots in forests averaged 11.3 +/- 1.8 yr and was older and more variable compared to grasslands 1.7 +/- 0.4 yr (p < 0.001). We further found that management affects the mean age of fine root C in temperate grasslands mediated by changes in plant species diversity and composition. Fine root mean C age is positively correlated with plant diversity (r = 0.65) and with the number of perennial species (r = 0.77). Fine root mean C age in grasslands was also affected by study region with averages of 0.7 +/- 0.1 yr (n= 9) on mostly organic soils in northern Germany and of 1.8 +/- 0.3 yr (n = 9) and 2.6 +/- 0.3 (n = 9) in central and southern Germany (p < 0.05). This was probably due to differences in soil nutrient contents and soil moisture conditions between study regions, which affected plant species diversity and the presence of perennial species. Our results indicate more long-lived roots or internal redistribution of C in perennial species and suggest linkages between fine root C age and management in grasslands. These findings improve our ability to predict and model belowground C fluxes across broader spatial scales.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4833-2013
SN  - 1726-4170
VL  - 10
IS  - 7
SP  - 4833
EP  - 4843
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Thete, Aniket
A1  - Rojas, Oscar
A1  - Neumeyer, David
A1  - Koetz, Joachim
A1  - Dujardin, Erik
T1  - Ionic liquid-assisted morphosynthesis of gold nanorods using polyethyleneimine-capped seeds
JF  - RSC Advances
N2  - Seed-mediated gold nanorods with tunable lengths are prepared using new polyethyleneimine-capped gold nanoparticles synthesized in ionic liquid. The effect of polyethyleneimine and ionic liquid during nanorod growth is investigated and shows a marked effect on their final aspect ratio.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra22112a
SN  - 2046-2069
VL  - 3
IS  - 34
SP  - 14294
EP  - 14298
PB  - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sultanow, Eldar
A1  - Weber, Edzard
T1  - Pharmataxigraphie Model of a Hybrid System of RFID Technology and optical Methods
JF  - Die pharmazeutische Industrie
Y1  - 2013
SN  - 0031-711X
VL  - 75
IS  - 7
SP  - 1197
EP  - +
PB  - Editio-Cantor-Verl. für Medizin und Naturwiss.
CY  - Aulendorf
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pattyn, Frank
A1  - Perichon, Laura
A1  - Durand, Gael
A1  - Favier, Lionel
A1  - Gagliardini, Olivier
A1  - Hindmarsh, Richard C. A.
A1  - Zwinger, Thomas
A1  - Albrecht, Torsten
A1  - Cornford, Stephen
A1  - Docquier, David
A1  - Furst, Johannes J.
A1  - Goldberg, Daniel
A1  - Gudmundsson, Gudmundur Hilmar
A1  - Humbert, Angelika
A1  - Huetten, Moritz
A1  - Huybrechts, Philippe
A1  - Jouvet, Guillaume
A1  - Kleiner, Thomas
A1  - Larour, Eric
A1  - Martin, Daniel
A1  - Morlighem, Mathieu
A1  - Payne, Anthony J.
A1  - Pollard, David
A1  - Rueckamp, Martin
A1  - Rybak, Oleg
A1  - Seroussi, Helene
A1  - Thoma, Malte
A1  - Wilkens, Nina
T1  - Grounding-line migration in plan-view marine ice-sheet models: results of the ice2sea MISMIP3d intercomparison
JF  - Journal of glaciology
N2  - Predictions of marine ice-sheet behaviour require models able to simulate grounding-line migration. We present results of an intercomparison experiment for plan-view marine ice-sheet models. Verification is effected by comparison with approximate analytical solutions for flux across the grounding line using simplified geometrical configurations (no lateral variations, no buttressing effects from lateral drag). Perturbation experiments specifying spatial variation in basal sliding parameters permitted the evolution of curved grounding lines, generating buttressing effects. The experiments showed regions of compression and extensional flow across the grounding line, thereby invalidating the boundary layer theory. Steady-state grounding-line positions were found to be dependent on the level of physical model approximation. Resolving grounding lines requires inclusion of membrane stresses, a sufficiently small grid size (<500 m), or subgrid interpolation of the grounding line. The latter still requires nominal grid sizes of <5 km. For larger grid spacings, appropriate parameterizations for ice flux may be imposed at the grounding line, but the short-time transient behaviour is then incorrect and different from models that do not incorporate grounding-line parameterizations. The numerical error associated with predicting grounding-line motion can be reduced significantly below the errors associated with parameter ignorance and uncertainties in future scenarios.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3189/2013JoG12J129
SN  - 0022-1430
VL  - 59
IS  - 215
SP  - 410
EP  - 422
PB  - International Glaciological Society
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich
A1  - Feulner, G.
T1  - A volcanically triggered regime shift in the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean as a possible origin of the Little Ice Age
JF  - Climate of the past : an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union
N2  - Among the climatological events of the last millennium, the Northern Hemisphere Medieval Climate Anomaly succeeded by the Little Ice Age are of exceptional importance. The origin of these regional climate anomalies remains a subject of debate and besides external influences like solar and volcanic activity, internal dynamics of the climate system might have also played a dominant role. Here, we present transient last millennium simulations of the fully coupled model of intermediate complexity Climber 3a forced with stochastically reconstructed wind-stress fields. Our results indicate that short-lived volcanic eruptions might have triggered a cascade of sea ice ocean feedbacks in the North Atlantic, ultimately leading to a persistent regime shift in the ocean circulation. We find that an increase in the Nordic Sea sea-ice extent on decadal timescales as a consequence of major volcanic eruptions in our model leads to a spin-up of the subpolar gyre and a weakened Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, eventually causing a persistent, basin-wide cooling. These results highlight the importance of regional climate feedbacks such as a regime shift in the subpolar gyre circulation for understanding the dynamics of past and future climate.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-1321-2013
SN  - 1814-9324
SN  - 1814-9332
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
SP  - 1321
EP  - 1330
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Girstmair, Hannah
A1  - Saffert, Paul
A1  - Rode, Sascha
A1  - Czech, Andreas
A1  - Holland, Gudrun
A1  - Bannert, Norbert
A1  - Ignatova, Zoya
T1  - Depletion of Cognate Charged Transfer RNA Causes Translational Frameshifting within the Expanded CAG Stretch in Huntingtin
JF  - Cell reports
N2  - Huntington disease (HD), a dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of a CAG-encoded polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat in huntingtin (Htt), displays a highly heterogeneous etiopathology and disease onset. Here, we show that the translation of expanded CAG repeats in mutant Htt exon 1 leads to a depletion of charged glutaminyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) Gln-CUG that pairs exclusively to the CAG codon. This results in translational frameshifting and the generation of various transframe-encoded species that differently modulate the conformational switch to nucleate fibrillization of the parental polyQ protein. Intriguingly, the frameshifting frequency varies strongly among different cell lines and is higher in cells with intrinsically lower concentrations of tRNA Gln-CUG. The concentration of tRNA Gln-CUG also differs among different brain areas in the mouse. We propose that translational frameshifting may act as a significant disease modifier that contributes to the cell-selective neurotoxicity and disease course heterogeneity of HD on both cellular and individual levels.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2012.12.019
SN  - 2211-1247
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
SP  - 148
EP  - 159
PB  - Cell Press
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schiefele, Ulrich
A1  - Schaffner, Ellen
T1  - Reading motivation of Sixth-Grade Elementary School Students - results from an interview study
JF  - Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht : Zeitschrift für Forschung und Praxis
N2  - Based on research by Wigfield and Guthrie (1997), Moller and Bonerad (2007) as well as Schaffner and Schiefele (2007) have developed questionnaires to assess students' reading motivation. The goal of the present study was to examine whether these instruments coincide with students' subjective views of their own reading motivation. In order to clarify this question, we conducted interviews with 26 elementary school students and applied content analysis to examine the interview protocols. Although the results support some of the theoretically postulated components, they suggest that questionnaire measures have neglected some important aspects of reading motivation (e. g., reading to regulate one's feelings, reading to relax). Finally, consequences for the revision of reading motivation questionnaires were discussed.
KW  - Reading motivation
KW  - interview method
KW  - elementary school
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.2378/peu2013.art17d
SN  - 0342-183X
VL  - 60
IS  - 3
SP  - 214
EP  - 233
PB  - Reinhardt
CY  - München
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dumont, Hanna
A1  - Neumann, Marko
A1  - Nagy, Gabriel
A1  - Becker, Michael
A1  - Rose, Norman
A1  - Trautwein, Ulrich
T1  - Class composition Effects in non-academic lower secondary school tracks in the state of Baden-Württemberg
JF  - Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht : Zeitschrift für Forschung und Praxis
N2  - The study investigates the effects of classroom composition (average ability, achievement, and socio-economic background, proportion of immigrant students) on the development in mathematics achievement, and reading literacy from grade 5 to 6. The study draws on a sample of N=1892 students in vocational track schools (Hauptschule) and intermediate track schools (Realschule) in Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany. After controlling for school type, and between-school differences in student intake characteristics, none of the compositional characteristics showed a statistically significant effect on achievement development. School track was associated with the development of reading literacy even after controlling for individual differences; however, this relationship lost its statistical significance after the composition of the student body was additionally taken into account.
KW  - Academic achievement
KW  - tracking
KW  - reading comprehension
KW  - mathematics
KW  - composition effects
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.2378/peu2013.art16d
SN  - 0342-183X
VL  - 60
IS  - 3
SP  - 198
EP  - 213
PB  - Reinhardt
CY  - München
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dumont, Hanna
A1  - Neumann, Marko
A1  - Maaz, Kai
A1  - Trautwein, Ulrich
T1  - The effect of student body composition on academic achievement  International and National Evidence
JF  - Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht : Zeitschrift für Forschung und Praxis
N2  - This paper reviews empirical evidence on the effect of the composition of a student body on academic achievement of students. After defining the term composition effect, methodological aspects regarding the study of composition effects are considered. International and national evidence for the composition of a student body with respect to students' abilities, social, and ethnic background is then presented. Whereas international studies find evidence for social, ethnic, and achievement composition variables, national studies reveal that mean achievement level of a school or class is the most important composition variable in Germany. However, this effect is confounded with school track and social composition, which itself exerts a small incremental effect. Ethnic composition, however, does not seem to play an important role. The paper closes with a presentation of the underlying processes of composition effects and a discussion on how the composition of a student body is considered in school governance practices.
KW  - Composition effects
KW  - academic achievement
KW  - tracking
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.2378/peu2013.art14d
SN  - 0342-183X
VL  - 60
IS  - 3
SP  - 163
EP  - 183
PB  - Reinhardt
CY  - München
ER  -