TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mallia, Luca
A1  - Lazuras, Lambros
A1  - Barkoukis, Vassilis
A1  - Brand, Ralf
A1  - Baumgarten, Franz
A1  - Tsorbatzoudis, Haralambos
A1  - Zelli, Arnaldo
A1  - Lucidi, Fabio
T1  - Doping use in sport teams: The development and validation of measures of team-based efficacy beliefs and moral disengagement from a cross-national perspective
JF  - Psychology of sport and exercise : PSE ; an official journal of the European Federation of Sport Psychology
N2  - Method: The first study relied on focus group data collected from twenty-one team sport professionals (mean age = 34; SD = 11.65). Four hundred and fourteen adolescent athletes (mean age = 16.69; SD = 1.55) participated in the second study, whereas seven hundred forty-nine adolescent team athletes (mean age = 16.43; SD = 1.69) participated in the third study. For the latter two studies, team athletes were recruited across Italy, Germany and Greece and provided data on the new team measures. Only athletes participating in the third study provided data on doping intentions. Results: The findings of the three studies supported the empirical goals of the investigation and provided evidence for the factor structure, reliability and validity of the team instruments. Furthermore, multi group findings supported the hypothesis that the new instruments would have equivalent measurement and validity characteristics across the three European countries. The conclusions focus on the conceptual and practical implications of these findings. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Adolescents
KW  - Self-regulatory efficacy
KW  - Collective efficacy
KW  - Confirmative factor analysis
KW  - Item development
KW  - Social cognitive theory
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2016.04.005
SN  - 1469-0292
SN  - 1878-5476
VL  - 25
SP  - 78
EP  - 88
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  -