TY - JOUR A1 - Beurskens, Rainer A1 - Haeger, Matthias A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold A1 - Roecker, Kai A1 - Granacher, Urs T1 - Postural Control in Dual-Task Situations BT - Does Whole-Body Fatigue Matter? JF - PLoS one N2 - Postural control is important to cope with demands of everyday life. It has been shown that both attentional demand (i.e., cognitive processing) and fatigue affect postural control in young adults. However, their combined effect is still unresolved. Therefore, we investigated the effects of fatigue on single- (ST) and dual-task (DT) postural control. Twenty young subjects (age: 23.7 ± 2.7) performed an all-out incremental treadmill protocol. After each completed stage, one-legged-stance performance on a force platform under ST (i.e., one-legged-stance only) and DT conditions (i.e., one-legged-stance while subtracting serial 3s) was registered. On a second test day, subjects conducted the same balance tasks for the control condition (i.e., non-fatigued). Results showed that heart rate, lactate, and ventilation increased following fatigue (all p < 0.001; d = 4.2–21). Postural sway and sway velocity increased during DT compared to ST (all p < 0.001; d = 1.9–2.0) and fatigued compared to non-fatigued condition (all p < 0.001; d = 3.3–4.2). In addition, postural control deteriorated with each completed stage during the treadmill protocol (all p < 0.01; d = 1.9–3.3). The addition of an attention-demanding interference task did not further impede one-legged-stance performance. Although both additional attentional demand and physical fatigue affected postural control in healthy young adults, there was no evidence for an overadditive effect (i.e., fatigue-related performance decrements in postural control were similar under ST and DT conditions). Thus, attentional resources were sufficient to cope with the DT situations in the fatigue condition of this experiment. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147392 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - PLoS CY - Lawrence, Kan. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beurskens, Rainer A1 - Haeger, Matthias A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold A1 - Roecker, Kai A1 - Granacher, Urs T1 - Postural Control in Dual-Task Situations: Does Whole-Body Fatigue Matter? JF - PLoS one N2 - Postural control is important to cope with demands of everyday life. It has been shown that both attentional demand (i.e., cognitive processing) and fatigue affect postural control in young adults. However, their combined effect is still unresolved. Therefore, we investigated the effects of fatigue on single-(ST) and dual-task (DT) postural control. Twenty young subjects (age: 23.7 +/- 2.7) performed an all-out incremental treadmill protocol. After each completed stage, one-legged-stance performance on a force platform under ST (i.e., one-legged-stance only) and DT conditions (i.e., one-legged-stance while subtracting serial 3s) was registered. On a second test day, subjects conducted the same balance tasks for the control condition (i.e., non-fatigued). Results showed that heart rate, lactate, and ventilation increased following fatigue (all p < 0.001; d = 4.2-21). Postural sway and sway velocity increased during DT compared to ST (all p < 0.001; d = 1.9-2.0) and fatigued compared to non-fatigued condition (all p < 0.001; d = 3.3-4.2). In addition, postural control deteriorated with each completed stage during the treadmill protocol (all p < 0.01; d = 1.9-3.3). The addition of an attention-demanding interference task did not further impede one-legged-stance performance. Although both additional attentional demand and physical fatigue affected postural control in healthy young adults, there was no evidence for an overadditive effect (i.e., fatigue-related performance decrements in postural control were similar under ST and DT conditions). Thus, attentional resources were sufficient to cope with the DT situations in the fatigue condition of this experiment. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147392 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 11 SP - 1379 EP - 1384 PB - PLoS CY - San Fransisco ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beurskens, Rainer A1 - Mühlbauer, Thomas A1 - Grabow, Lena A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold A1 - Granacher, Urs T1 - Effects of Backpack Carriage on Dual-Task Performance in Children During Standing and Walking JF - Journal of motor behavior KW - attentional demand KW - cognitive performance KW - gait analysis KW - load carriage KW - postural control Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00222895.2016.1152137 SN - 0022-2895 SN - 1940-1027 VL - 48 SP - 500 EP - 508 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beurskens, Rainer A1 - Steinberg, Fabian A1 - Antoniewicz, Franziska A1 - Wolff, Wanja A1 - Granacher, Urs T1 - Neural Correlates of Dual-Task Walking: Effects of Cognitive versus Motor Interference in Young Adults JF - Neural plasticity N2 - Walking while concurrently performing cognitive and/or motor interference tasks is the norm rather than the exception during everyday life and there is evidence from behavioral studies that it negatively affects human locomotion. However, there is hardly any information available regarding the underlying neural correlates of single-and dual-task walking. We had 12 young adults (23.8 +/- 2.8 years) walk while concurrently performing a cognitive interference (CI) or a motor interference (MI) task. Simultaneously, neural activation in frontal, central, and parietal brain areas was registered using a mobile EEG system. Results showed that the MI task but not the CI task affected walking performance in terms of significantly decreased gait velocity and stride length and significantly increased stride time and tempo-spatial variability. Average activity in alpha and beta frequencies was significantly modulated during both CI and MI walking conditions in frontal and central brain regions, indicating an increased cognitive load during dual-task walking. Our results suggest that impaired motor performance during dual-task walking is mirrored in neural activation patterns of the brain. This finding is in line with established cognitive theories arguing that dual-task situations overstrain cognitive capabilities resulting in motor performance decrements. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8032180 SN - 2090-5904 SN - 1687-5443 PB - Hindawi CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beurskens, Rainer A1 - Steinberg, Fabian A1 - Antoniewicz, Franziska A1 - Wolff, Wanja A1 - Granacher, Urs T1 - Neural Correlates of Dual-Task Walking BT - Effects of Cognitive versus Motor Interference in Young Adults JF - Neural plasticity N2 - Walking while concurrently performing cognitive and/or motor interference tasks is the norm rather than the exception during everyday life and there is evidence from behavioral studies that it negatively affects human locomotion. However, there is hardly any information available regarding the underlying neural correlates of single- and dual-task walking. We had 12 young adults (23.8 ± 2.8 years) walk while concurrently performing a cognitive interference (CI) or a motor interference (MI) task. Simultaneously, neural activation in frontal, central, and parietal brain areas was registered using a mobile EEG system. Results showed that the MI task but not the CI task affected walking performance in terms of significantly decreased gait velocity and stride length and significantly increased stride time and tempo-spatial variability. Average activity in alpha and beta frequencies was significantly modulated during both CI and MI walking conditions in frontal and central brain regions, indicating an increased cognitive load during dual-task walking. Our results suggest that impaired motor performance during dual-task walking is mirrored in neural activation patterns of the brain. This finding is in line with established cognitive theories arguing that dual-task situations overstrain cognitive capabilities resulting in motor performance decrements. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8032180 VL - 2016 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Hindawi CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beye, Martin A1 - Öberg, Henrik A1 - Xin, Hongliang A1 - Dakovski, Georgi L. A1 - Föhlisch, Alexander A1 - Gladh, Jorgen A1 - Hantschmann, Markus A1 - Hieke, Florian A1 - Kaya, Sarp A1 - Kühn, Danilo A1 - LaRue, Jerry A1 - Mercurio, Giuseppe A1 - Minitti, Michael P. A1 - Mitra, Ankush A1 - Moeller, Stefan P. A1 - Ng, May Ling A1 - Nilsson, Anders A1 - Nordlund, Dennis A1 - Norskov, Jens A1 - Öström, Henrik A1 - Ogasawara, Hirohito A1 - Persson, Mats A1 - Schlotter, William F. A1 - Sellberg, Jonas A. A1 - Wolf, Martin A1 - Abild-Pedersen, Frank A1 - Pettersson, Lars G. M. A1 - Wurth, Wilfried T1 - Chemical Bond Activation Observed with an X-ray Laser JF - The journal of physical chemistry letters N2 - The concept of bonding and antibonding orbitals is fundamental in chemistry. The population of those orbitals and the energetic difference between the two reflect the strength of the bonding interaction. Weakening the bond is expected to reduce this energetic splitting, but the transient character of bond-activation has so far prohibited direct experimental access. Here we apply time-resolved soft X-ray spectroscopy at a free electron laser to directly observe the decreased bonding antibonding splitting following bond-activation using an ultrashort optical laser pulse. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01543 SN - 1948-7185 VL - 7 SP - 3647 EP - 3651 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beyhl, Thomas A1 - Giese, Holger T1 - Incremental View Maintenance for Deductive Graph Databases Using Generalized Discrimination Networks JF - Electronic proceedings in theoretical computer science N2 - Nowadays, graph databases are employed when relationships between entities are in the scope of database queries to avoid performance-critical join operations of relational databases. Graph queries are used to query and modify graphs stored in graph databases. Graph queries employ graph pattern matching that is NP-complete for subgraph isomorphism. Graph database views can be employed that keep ready answers in terms of precalculated graph pattern matches for often stated and complex graph queries to increase query performance. However, such graph database views must be kept consistent with the graphs stored in the graph database. In this paper, we describe how to use incremental graph pattern matching as technique for maintaining graph database views. We present an incremental maintenance algorithm for graph database views, which works for imperatively and declaratively specified graph queries. The evaluation shows that our maintenance algorithm scales when the number of nodes and edges stored in the graph database increases. Furthermore, our evaluation shows that our approach can outperform existing approaches for the incremental maintenance of graph query results. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4204/EPTCS.231.5 SN - 2075-2180 VL - 10 SP - 57 EP - 71 PB - Open Publishing Association CY - Sydney ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bhatara, Anjali A1 - Boll-Avetisyan, Natalie A1 - Agus, Trevor A1 - Höhle, Barbara A1 - Nazzi, Thierry T1 - Language Experience Affects Grouping of Musical Instrument Sounds JF - Cognitive science : a multidisciplinary journal of anthropology, artificial intelligence, education, linguistics, neuroscience, philosophy, psychology ; journal of the Cognitive Science Society KW - Cross-linguistic KW - French KW - German KW - Auditory perception KW - Music KW - Rhythmic grouping Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12300 SN - 0364-0213 SN - 1551-6709 VL - 40 SP - 1816 EP - 1830 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bhatara, Anjali A1 - Laukka, Petri A1 - Boll-Avetisyan, Natalie A1 - Granjon, Lionel A1 - Elfenbein, Hillary Anger A1 - Banziger, Tanja T1 - Second Language Ability and Emotional Prosody Perception JF - PLoS one N2 - The present study examines the effect of language experience on vocal emotion perception in a second language. Native speakers of French with varying levels of self-reported English ability were asked to identify emotions from vocal expressions produced by American actors in a forced-choice task, and to rate their pleasantness, power, alertness and intensity on continuous scales. Stimuli included emotionally expressive English speech (emotional prosody) and non-linguistic vocalizations (affect bursts), and a baseline condition with Swiss-French pseudo-speech. Results revealed effects of English ability on the recognition of emotions in English speech but not in non-linguistic vocalizations. Specifically, higher English ability was associated with less accurate identification of positive emotions, but not with the interpretation of negative emotions. Moreover, higher English ability was associated with lower ratings of pleasantness and power, again only for emotional prosody. This suggests that second language skills may sometimes interfere with emotion recognition from speech prosody, particularly for positive emotions. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156855 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 11 PB - PLoS CY - San Fransisco ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bijeljac-Babic, Ranka A1 - Höhle, Barbara A1 - Nazzi, Thierry T1 - Early Prosodic Acquisition in Bilingual Infants: The Case of the Perceptual Trochaic Bias JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - Infants start learning the prosodic properties of their native language before 12 months, as shown by the emergence of a trochaic bias in English-learning infants between 6 and 9 months (Jusczyk et al., 1993), and in German-learning infants between 4 and 6 months (Huhle et al., 2009, 2014), while French-learning infants do not show a bias at 6 months (Hohle et al., 2009). This language-specific emergence of a trochaic bias is supported by the fact that English and German are languages with trochaic predominance in their lexicons, while French is a language with phrase-final lengthening but lacking lexical stress. We explored the emergence of a trochaic bias in bilingual French/German infants, to study whether the developmental trajectory would be similar to monolingual infants and whether amount of relative exposure to the two languages has an impact on the emergence of the bias. Accordingly, we replicated Hohle et al. (2009) with 24 bilingual 6-month-olds learning French and German simultaneously. All infants had been exposed to both languages for 30 to 70% of the time from birth. Using the Head Preference Procedure, infants were presented with two lists of stimuli, one made up of several occurrences of the pseudoword /GAba/ with word-initial stress (trochaic pattern), the second one made up of several occurrences of the pseudoword /gaBA/ with word-final stress (iambic pattern). The stimuli were recorded by a native German female speaker. Results revealed that these French/German bilingual 6-month olds have a trochaic bias (as evidenced by a preference to listen to the trochaic pattern). Hence, their listening preference is comparable to that of monolingual German-learning 6-month-olds, but differs from that of monolingual French-learning 6-month-olds who did not show any preference (Noble et al., 2009). Moreover, the size of the trochaic bias in the bilingual infants was not correlated with their amount of exposure to German. The present results thus establish that the development of a trochaic bias in simultaneous bilinguals is not delayed compared to monolingual German-learning infants (Hohle et al., 2009) and is rather independent of the amount of exposure to German relative to French. KW - bilinguals KW - infants KW - language KW - prosody KW - lexical stress KW - dominance effects Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00210 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 7 SP - 1753 EP - 1802 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bijleveld, Catrien A1 - Huschek, Doreen A1 - Liefbroer, Aart C. T1 - Parental criminality and entry into parenthood among sons and daughters JF - Advances in life course research N2 - In this article, we examined to what extent parental offending influences the timing of entry into parenthood of children. Based on a literature review, we hypothesized that children of delinquent parents would be more likely to enter into parenthood at a relatively young age, and that part of that association could be explained by differences between children of delinquent and non-delinquent parents in the timing of entry into marriage and in their own delinquent behaviour. Using data from a five-generation study of high risk families in the Netherlands, we found that parental delinquency increases the chance of early childbearing among daughters, but not among sons. Among sons, parental delinquency increased son's delinquency, suggesting that parental delinquency has different consequences for the life courses of their sons and daughters. KW - Intergenerational effects KW - Offending KW - Parenthood KW - Demographic transitions KW - Delinquency Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2016.03.006 SN - 1569-4909 SN - 1879-6974 VL - 28 SP - 81 EP - 90 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bilton, Mark C. A1 - Metz, Johannes A1 - Tielboerger, Katja T1 - Climatic niche groups: A novel application of a common assumption predicting plant community response to climate change JF - Perspectives in plant ecology, evolution and systematics N2 - Defining species by their climatic niche is the simple and intuitive principle underlying Bioclimatic Envelope Model (BEM) predictions for climate change effects. However, these correlative models are often criticised for neglecting many ecological processes. Here, we apply the same niche principle to entire communities within a medium/long-term climate manipulation study, where ecological processes are inherently included. In a nine generation study in Israel, we manipulated rainfall (Drought -30%; Irrigation +30%; Control natural rainfall) at two sites which differ chiefly in rainfall quantity and variability. We analysed community responses to the manipulations by grouping species based on their climatic rainfall niche. These responses were compared to analyses based on single species, total densities, and commonly used taxonomic groupings. Climate Niche Groups yielded clear and consistent results: within communities, those species distributed in drier regions performed relatively better in the drought treatment, and those from wetter climates performed better when irrigated. In contrast, analyses based on other principles revealed little insight into community dynamics. Notably, most relationships were weaker at the drier, more variable site, suggesting that enhanced adaptation to variability may buffer climate change impacts. We provide robust experimental evidence that using climatic niches commonly applied in BEMs is a valid approach for eliciting community changes in response to climate change. However, we also argue that additional empirical information needs to be gathered using experiments in situ to correctly assess community vulnerability. Climatic Niche Groups used in this way, may therefore provide a powerful tool and directional testing framework to generalise and compare climate change impacts across habitats. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH. KW - Annual plant communities KW - Bioclimatic envelope modelling KW - Climate change manipulations KW - Experimental evidence KW - Plant functional groups KW - Rainfall niche Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2016.02.006 SN - 1433-8319 VL - 19 SP - 61 EP - 69 PB - Elsevier CY - Jena ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Steger, Jette A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Kunze, Ulrike T1 - Is this already Violence? On the Importance of the Violence of Teachers on how to Deal with Bullying and the Actions of Pupils JF - Zeitschrift für Pädagogik KW - Teacher Beliefs KW - Bullying KW - Violence KW - Teacher Perceptions KW - School Y1 - 2016 SN - 0044-3247 VL - 62 SP - 841 EP - 860 PB - Beltz CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Binder, Eva T1 - Werben für sich selbst BT - Tarkovskijs filmisches Selbstporträt TEMPO DI VIAGGIO JF - Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker – Классик – Classic – Classico : Beiträge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universität Potsdam ; Band 1 Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95542 SN - 978-3-86956-351-0 SP - 85 EP - 108 PB - Universität Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Binzer, Amrei A1 - Guill, Christian A1 - Rall, Björn C. A1 - Brose, Ulrich T1 - Interactive effects of warming, eutrophication and size structure: impacts on biodiversity and food-web structure JF - Global change biology N2 - Warming and eutrophication are two of the most important global change stressors for natural ecosystems, but their interaction is poorly understood. We used a dynamic model of complex, size-structured food webs to assess interactive effects on diversity and network structure. We found antagonistic impacts: Warming increases diversity in eutrophic systems and decreases it in oligotrophic systems. These effects interact with the community size structure: Communities of similarly sized species such as parasitoid-host systems are stabilized by warming and destabilized by eutrophication, whereas the diversity of size-structured predator-prey networks decreases strongly with warming, but decreases only weakly with eutrophication. Nonrandom extinction risks for generalists and specialists lead to higher connectance in networks without size structure and lower connectance in size-structured communities. Overall, our results unravel interactive impacts of warming and eutrophication and suggest that size structure may serve as an important proxy for predicting the community sensitivity to these global change stressors. KW - complex food webs KW - extinctions KW - generalists KW - global change KW - size structure KW - specialists Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13086 SN - 1354-1013 SN - 1365-2486 VL - 22 SP - 220 EP - 227 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bisi-Balogun, Adebisi A1 - Cassel, Michael A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Reliability of Various Measurement Stations for Determining Plantar Fascia Thickness and Echogenicity JF - Diagnostics : open access journal N2 - This study aimed to determine the relative and absolute reliability of ultrasound (US) measurements of the thickness and echogenicity of the plantar fascia (PF) at different measurement stations along its length using a standardized protocol. Twelve healthy subjects (24 feet) were enrolled. The PF was imaged in the longitudinal plane. Subjects were assessed twice to evaluate the intra-rater reliability. A quantitative evaluation of the thickness and echogenicity of the plantar fascia was performed using Image J, a digital image analysis and viewer software. A sonography evaluation of the thickness and echogenicity of the PF showed a high relative reliability with an Intra class correlation coefficient of 0.88 at all measurement stations. However, the measurement stations for both the PF thickness and echogenicity which showed the highest intraclass correlation coefficient (ICCs) did not have the highest absolute reliability. Compared to other measurement stations, measuring the PF thickness at 3 cm distal and the echogenicity at a region of interest 1 cm to 2 cm distal from its insertion at the medial calcaneal tubercle showed the highest absolute reliability with the least systematic bias and random error. Also, the reliability was higher using a mean of three measurements compared to one measurement. To reduce discrepancies in the interpretation of the thickness and echogenicity measurements of the PF, the absolute reliability of the different measurement stations should be considered in clinical practice and research rather than the relative reliability with the ICC. KW - plantar fascia KW - reliability KW - sonography KW - musculoskeletal Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics6020015 SN - 2075-4418 VL - 6 SP - 506 EP - 519 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Biskaborn, Boris A1 - Subetto, D. A. A1 - Savelieva, L. A. A1 - Vakhrameeva, P. S. A1 - Hansche, A. A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike A1 - Klemm, J. A1 - Heinecke, L. A1 - Pestryakova, Luidmila Agafyevna A1 - Meyer, H. A1 - Kuhn, G. A1 - Diekmann, Bernhard T1 - Late Quaternary vegetation and lake system dynamics in north-eastern Siberia: Implications for seasonal climate variability JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal N2 - Although the climate development over the Holocene in the Northern Hemisphere is well known, palaeolimnological climate reconstructions reveal spatiotemporal variability in northern Eurasia. Here we present a multi-proxy study from north-eastern Siberia combining sediment geochemistry, and diatom and pollen data from lake-sediment cores covering the last 38,000 cal. years. Our results show major changes in pyrite content and fragilarioid diatom species distributions, indicating prolonged seasonal lake-ice cover between similar to 13,500 and similar to 8900 cal. years BP and possibly during the 8200 cal. years BP cold event. A pollen-based climate reconstruction generated a mean July temperature of 17.8 degrees C during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) between similar to 8900 and similar to 4500 cal. years BP. Naviculoid diatoms appear in the late Holocene indicating a shortening of the seasonal ice cover that continues today. Our results reveal a strong correlation between the applied terrestrial and aquatic indicators and natural seasonal climate dynamics in the Holocene. Planktonic diatoms show a strong response to changes in the lake ecosystem due to recent climate warming in the Anthropocene. We assess other palaeolimnological studies to infer the spatiotemporal pattern of the HTM and affirm that the timing of its onset, a difference of up to 3000 years from north to south, can be well explained by climatic teleconnections. The westerlies brought cold air to this part of Siberia until the Laurentide ice sheet vanished 7000 years ago. The apparent delayed ending of the HTM in the central Siberian record can be ascribed to the exceedance of ecological thresholds trailing behind increases in winter temperatures and decreases in contrast in insolation between seasons during the mid to late Holocene as well as lacking differentiation between summer and winter trends in paleolimnological reconstructions. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Diatoms KW - Pollen KW - Summer and winter temperature KW - Holocene Thermal Maximum KW - Aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems KW - Lake-ice cover Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.08.014 SN - 0277-3791 VL - 147 SP - 406 EP - 421 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanchard, Gilles A1 - Flaska, Marek A1 - Handy, Gregory A1 - Pozzi, Sara A1 - Scott, Clayton T1 - Classification with asymmetric label noise: Consistency and maximal denoising JF - Electronic journal of statistics N2 - In many real-world classification problems, the labels of training examples are randomly corrupted. Most previous theoretical work on classification with label noise assumes that the two classes are separable, that the label noise is independent of the true class label, or that the noise proportions for each class are known. In this work, we give conditions that are necessary and sufficient for the true class-conditional distributions to be identifiable. These conditions are weaker than those analyzed previously, and allow for the classes to be nonseparable and the noise levels to be asymmetric and unknown. The conditions essentially state that a majority of the observed labels are correct and that the true class-conditional distributions are "mutually irreducible," a concept we introduce that limits the similarity of the two distributions. For any label noise problem, there is a unique pair of true class-conditional distributions satisfying the proposed conditions, and we argue that this pair corresponds in a certain sense to maximal denoising of the observed distributions. Our results are facilitated by a connection to "mixture proportion estimation," which is the problem of estimating the maximal proportion of one distribution that is present in another. We establish a novel rate of convergence result for mixture proportion estimation, and apply this to obtain consistency of a discrimination rule based on surrogate loss minimization. Experimental results on benchmark data and a nuclear particle classification problem demonstrate the efficacy of our approach. KW - Classification KW - label noise KW - mixture proportion estimation KW - surrogate loss KW - consistency Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1214/16-EJS1193 SN - 1935-7524 VL - 10 SP - 2780 EP - 2824 PB - Institute of Mathematical Statistics CY - Cleveland ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanchard, Gilles A1 - Kraemer, Nicole T1 - Convergence rates of Kernel Conjugate Gradient for random design regression JF - Analysis and applications N2 - We prove statistical rates of convergence for kernel-based least squares regression from i.i.d. data using a conjugate gradient (CG) algorithm, where regularization against over-fitting is obtained by early stopping. This method is related to Kernel Partial Least Squares, a regression method that combines supervised dimensionality reduction with least squares projection. Following the setting introduced in earlier related literature, we study so-called "fast convergence rates" depending on the regularity of the target regression function (measured by a source condition in terms of the kernel integral operator) and on the effective dimensionality of the data mapped into the kernel space. We obtain upper bounds, essentially matching known minimax lower bounds, for the L-2 (prediction) norm as well as for the stronger Hilbert norm, if the true regression function belongs to the reproducing kernel Hilbert space. If the latter assumption is not fulfilled, we obtain similar convergence rates for appropriate norms, provided additional unlabeled data are available. KW - Nonparametric regression KW - reproducing kernel Hilbert space KW - conjugate gradient KW - partial least squares KW - minimax convergence rates Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219530516400017 SN - 0219-5305 SN - 1793-6861 VL - 14 SP - 763 EP - 794 PB - World Scientific CY - Singapore ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blayney, Tamsin A1 - Najman, Yani A1 - Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume A1 - Carter, Andrew A1 - Millar, Ian A1 - Garzanti, Eduardo A1 - Sobel, Edward A1 - Rittner, Martin A1 - Ando, Sergio A1 - Guo, Zhaojie A1 - Vezzoli, Giovanni T1 - Indentation of the Pamirs with respect to the northern margin of Tibet: Constraints from the Tarim basin sedimentary record JF - Tectonics N2 - The Pamirs represent the indented westward continuation of the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, dividing the Tarim and Tajik basins. Their evolution may be a key factor influencing aridification of the Asian interior, yet the tectonics of the Pamir Salient are poorly understood. We present a provenance study of the Aertashi section, a Paleogene to late Neogene clastic succession deposited in the Tarim basin to the north of the NW margin of Tibet (the West Kunlun) and to the east of the Pamirs. Our detrital zircon U-Pb ages coupled with zircon fission track, bulk rock Sm-Nd, and petrography data document changes in contributing source terranes during the Oligocene to Miocene, which can be correlated to regional tectonics. We propose a model for the evolution of the Pamir and West Kunlun (WKL), in which the WKL formed topography since at least similar to 200 Ma. By similar to 25 Ma, movement along the Pamir-bounding faults such as the Kashgar-Yecheng Transfer System had commenced, marking the onset of Pamir indentation into the Tarim-Tajik basin. This is coincident with basinward expansion of the northern WKL margin, which changed the palaeodrainage pattern within the Kunlun, progressively cutting off the more southerly WKL sources from the Tarim basin. An abrupt change in the provenance and facies of sediments at Aertashi has a maximum age of 14 Ma; this change records when the Pamir indenter had propagated sufficiently far north that the North Pamir was now located proximal to the Aertashi region. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2016TC004222 SN - 0278-7407 SN - 1944-9194 VL - 35 SP - 2345 EP - 2369 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blum, Bianca Edith T1 - Frauen, Muße und Müßiggang BT - Tätigkeitsbeschreibungen in der normativen und fiktionalen Literatur im Russland des 19. Jahrhunderts JF - Grenzräume – Grenzbewegungen : Ergebnisse der Arbeitstreffen des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Basel 2013 und Frankfurt (Oder) und Słubice 2014 ; Bd. 1 Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92637 SN - 978-3-86956-358-9 VL - 1 SP - 187 EP - 200 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blum, Rahel A1 - Stürman, Jakob T1 - Vierte Nachwuchstagung Judaistik/Jüdische Studien, Frankfurt am Main, 15.–17. November 2015 JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien [22 (2016)] = Muslim-Jewish Dialogue JF - PaRDeS : Journal of the Association of Jewish Studies [22 (2016)] = Muslim-Jewish Dialogue Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99771 SN - 978-3-86956-370-1 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 VL - 22 SP - 199 EP - 202 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bodrova, Anna S. A1 - Chechkin, Aleksei V. A1 - Cherstvy, Andrey G. A1 - Safdari, Hadiseh A1 - Sokolov, Igor M. A1 - Metzler, Ralf T1 - Underdamped scaled Brownian motion BT - (non-)existence of the overdamped limit in anomalous diffusion JF - Scientific reports N2 - It is quite generally assumed that the overdamped Langevin equation provides a quantitative description of the dynamics of a classical Brownian particle in the long time limit. We establish and investigate a paradigm anomalous diffusion process governed by an underdamped Langevin equation with an explicit time dependence of the system temperature and thus the diffusion and damping coefficients. We show that for this underdamped scaled Brownian motion (UDSBM) the overdamped limit fails to describe the long time behaviour of the system and may practically even not exist at all for a certain range of the parameter values. Thus persistent inertial effects play a non-negligible role even at significantly long times. From this study a general questions on the applicability of the overdamped limit to describe the long time motion of an anomalously diffusing particle arises, with profound consequences for the relevance of overdamped anomalous diffusion models. We elucidate our results in view of analytical and simulations results for the anomalous diffusion of particles in free cooling granular gases. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep30520 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 6 PB - Nature Publishing Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bodrova, Anna S. A1 - Chechkin, Aleksei V. A1 - Cherstvy, Andrey G. A1 - Safdari, Hadiseh A1 - Sokolov, Igor M. A1 - Metzler, Ralf T1 - Underdamped scaled Brownian motion: (non-)existence of the overdamped limit in anomalous diffusion JF - Scientific reports N2 - It is quite generally assumed that the overdamped Langevin equation provides a quantitative description of the dynamics of a classical Brownian particle in the long time limit. We establish and investigate a paradigm anomalous diffusion process governed by an underdamped Langevin equation with an explicit time dependence of the system temperature and thus the diffusion and damping coefficients. We show that for this underdamped scaled Brownian motion (UDSBM) the overdamped limit fails to describe the long time behaviour of the system and may practically even not exist at all for a certain range of the parameter values. Thus persistent inertial effects play a non-negligible role even at significantly long times. From this study a general questions on the applicability of the overdamped limit to describe the long time motion of an anomalously diffusing particle arises, with profound consequences for the relevance of overdamped anomalous diffusion models. We elucidate our results in view of analytical and simulations results for the anomalous diffusion of particles in free cooling granular gases. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep30520 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 6 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boecker-Schlier, Regina A1 - Holz, Nathalie E. A1 - Buchmann, Arlette F. A1 - Blomeyer, Dorothea A1 - Plichta, Michael M. A1 - Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine A1 - Wolf, Isabella A1 - Baumeister, Sarah A1 - Treutleind, Jens A1 - Rietschel, Marcella A1 - Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Brandeis, Daniel A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - Interaction between COMT Val(158)Met polymorphism and childhood adversity affects reward processing in adulthood JF - NeuroImage : a journal of brain function N2 - Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that altered dopamine transmission may increase the risk of mental disorders such as ADHD, schizophrenia or depression, possibly mediated by reward system dysfunction. This study aimed to clarify the impact of the COMT Val(158)Met polymorphism in interaction with environmental variation (G x E) on neuronal activity during reward processing. Methods: 168 healthy young adults from a prospective study conducted over 25 years participated in amonetary incentive delay task measured with simultaneous EEG-fMRI. DNA was genotyped for COMT, and childhood family adversity (CFA) up to age 11 was assessed by a standardized parent interview. Results: At reward delivery, a G x E revealed that fMRI activation for win vs. no-win trials in reward-related regions increased with the level of CFA in Met homozygotes as compared to Val/Met heterozygotes and Val homozygotes, who showed no significant effect. During the anticipation of monetary vs. verbal rewards, activation decreased with the level of CFA, which was also observed for EEG, in which the CNV declined with the level of CFA. Conclusions: These results identify convergent genetic and environmental effects on reward processing in a prospective study. Moreover, G x E effects during reward delivery suggest that stress during childhood is associated with higher reward sensitivity and reduced efficiency in processing rewarding stimuli in genetically at-risk individuals. Together with previous evidence, these results begin to define a specific system mediating interacting effects of early environmental and genetic risk factors, which may be targeted by early intervention and prevention. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. KW - Reward processing KW - COMT Val(158)Met polymorphism KW - Childhood adversity KW - Gene-environment interaction KW - Functional magnetic resonance imaging KW - Electroencephalography Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.02.006 SN - 1053-8119 SN - 1095-9572 VL - 132 SP - 556 EP - 570 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boers, Niklas A1 - Bookhagen, Bodo A1 - Marwan, Norbert A1 - Kurths, Jürgen T1 - Spatiotemporal characteristics and synchronization of extreme rainfall in South America with focus on the Andes Mountain range JF - Climate dynamics : observational, theoretical and computational research on the climate system N2 - The South American Andes are frequently exposed to intense rainfall events with varying moisture sources and precipitation-forming processes. In this study, we assess the spatiotemporal characteristics and geographical origins of rainfall over the South American continent. Using high-spatiotemporal resolution satellite data (TRMM 3B42 V7), we define four different types of rainfall events based on their (1) high magnitude, (2) long temporal extent, (3) large spatial extent, and (4) high magnitude, long temporal and large spatial extent combined. In a first step, we analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of these events over the entire South American continent and integrate their impact for the main Andean hydrologic catchments. Our results indicate that events of type 1 make the overall highest contributions to total seasonal rainfall (up to 50%). However, each consecutive episode of the infrequent events of type 4 still accounts for up to 20% of total seasonal rainfall in the subtropical Argentinean plains. In a second step, we employ complex network theory to unravel possibly non-linear and long-ranged climatic linkages for these four event types on the high-elevation Altiplano-Puna Plateau as well as in the main river catchments along the foothills of the Andes. Our results suggest that one to two particularly large squall lines per season, originating from northern Brazil, indirectly trigger large, long-lasting thunderstorms on the Altiplano Plateau. In general, we observe that extreme rainfall in the catchments north of approximately 20 degrees S typically originates from the Amazon Basin, while extreme rainfall at the eastern Andean foothills south of 20 degrees S and the Puna Plateau originates from southeastern South America. KW - Extreme rainfall KW - Synchronization KW - Complex networks KW - South American monsoon system Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2601-6 SN - 0930-7575 SN - 1432-0894 VL - 46 SP - 601 EP - 617 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boese, Adrian Daniel A1 - Saalfrank, Peter T1 - CO Molecules on a NaCl(100) Surface: Structures, Energetics, and Vibrational Davydov Splittings at Various Coverages JF - The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces N2 - In this work, we study the adsorption of CO from low to high coverage at a defect-free NaCl(100) surface by means of duster and periodic models, using highly accurate wave function-based QM:QM embedding as well as density functional theory. At low coverages, the most accurate methods predict a zero-point-corrected adsorption energy of around 13 kJ/mol, and the CO molecules are found to be oriented perpendicular to the surface. At higher coverages, lower-energy phases with nonparallel/upright, tilted orientations emerge. Besides the well-known p(2 x 1)/antiparallel phase (T/A), we find other tilted phases (tilted/irregular, T/I; tilted/spiral, T/S) as local minima. Vibrational frequencies for CO adsorbed on NaCl(100) and Davydov splittings of the C-O stretch vibration are also determined. The IR spectra are characteristic fingerprints for the relative orientation of CO molecules and may therefore be used as sensitive probes to distinguish parallel/upright from various tilted adsorption phases. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b03726 SN - 1932-7447 VL - 120 SP - 12637 EP - 12653 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boettle, Markus A1 - Rybski, Diego A1 - Kropp, Jürgen T1 - Quantifying the effect of sea level rise and flood defence-a point process perspective on coastal flood damage JF - Natural hazards and earth system sciences N2 - In contrast to recent advances in projecting sea levels, estimations about the economic impact of sea level rise are vague. Nonetheless, they are of great importance for policy making with regard to adaptation and greenhouse-gas mitigation. Since the damage is mainly caused by extreme events, we propose a stochastic framework to estimate the monetary losses from coastal floods in a confined region. For this purpose, we follow a Peak-over-Threshold approach employing a Poisson point process and the Generalised Pareto Distribution. By considering the effect of sea level rise as well as potential adaptation scenarios on the involved parameters, we are able to study the development of the annual damage. An application to the city of Copenhagen shows that a doubling of losses can be expected from a mean sea level increase of only 11 cm. In general, we find that for varying parameters the expected losses can be well approximated by one of three analytical expressions depending on the extreme value parameters. These findings reveal the complex interplay of the involved parameters and allow conclusions of fundamental relevance. For instance, we show that the damage typically increases faster than the sea level rise itself. This in turn can be of great importance for the assessment of sea level rise impacts on the global scale. Our results are accompanied by an assessment of uncertainty, which reflects the stochastic nature of extreme events. While the absolute value of uncertainty about the flood damage increases with rising mean sea levels, we find that it decreases in relation to the expected damage. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-559-2016 SN - 1561-8633 VL - 16 SP - 559 EP - 576 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bois, Juliana A1 - Körzdörfer, Thomas T1 - 0 How Bond Length Alternation and Thermal Disorder Affect the Optical Excitation Energies of pi-Conjugated Chains: A Combined Density Functional Theory and Molecular Dynamics Study JF - Journal of chemical theory and computation N2 - We dissect the sources of error leading to inaccuracies in the description of the geometry and optical excitation energies of pi-conjugated polymers. While the ground-state bond length alternation is shown to be badly reproduced by standard functionals, the recently adapted functionals PBEh* and omega PBE* as well as the double hybrid functional XYGJ-OS manage to replicate results obtained at the CCSD(T) level. By analysis of the bond length alternation in the excited state, a sensitive dependence of the exciton localization on the long-range behavior of the functional and the amount of Hartree-Fock exchange present is shown. Introducing thermal disorder through molecular dynamics simulations allows the consideration of a range of thermally accessible configurations of each oligomer, including trans to cis rotations, which break the conjugation of the backbone. Thermal disorder has a considerable effect when combined with functionals that overestimate the delocalization of the excitation, such as B3LYP. For functionals with a larger amount of exact exchange such as our PBEh* and omega PBE*, however, the effect is small, as excitations are often localized enough to fit between twists in the chain. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.5b01070 SN - 1549-9618 SN - 1549-9626 VL - 12 SP - 1872 EP - 1882 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boll-Avetisyan, Natalie A1 - Bhatara, Anjali A1 - Unger, Annika A1 - Nazzi, Thierry A1 - Höhle, Barbara T1 - Effects of experience with L2 and music on rhythmic grouping by French listeners JF - Bilingualism : language and cognition. KW - rhythmic grouping KW - second language acquisition KW - prosody KW - musicality KW - Iambic KW - Trochaic Law Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728915000425 SN - 1366-7289 SN - 1469-1841 VL - 19 SP - 971 EP - 986 PB - Cambridge Univ. Press CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boll-Avetisyan, Natalie A1 - Kager, Rene T1 - Is speech processing influenced by abstract or detailed phonotactic representations? The case of the Obligatory Contour Principle JF - Lingua : international review of general linguistics N2 - Many languages restrict their lexicons by OCP-Place, a phonotactic constraint against co-occurrences of consonants with shared [place] (e.g., McCarthy, 1986). While many previous studies have suggested that listeners have knowledge of OCP-Place and use this for speech processing, it is less clear whether they make reference to an abstract representation of this constraint. In Dutch, OCP-Place gradiently restricts non-adjacent consonant co-occurrences in the lexicon. Focusing on labial-vowel-labial co-occurrences, we found that there are, however, exceptions from the general effect of OCP-Labial: (A) co-occurrences of identical labials are systematically less restricted than co-occurrences of homorganic labials, and (B) some specific pairs (e.g., /pVp/, /bVv/) occur more often than expected. Setting out to study whether exceptions such as (A) and (B) had an effect on processing, the current study presents an artificial language learning experiment and a reanalysis of Boll-Avetisyan and Kager's (2014) speech segmentation data. Results indicate that Dutch listeners can use both knowledge of phonotactic detail and an abstract constraint OCP-Labial as a cue for speech segmentation. We suggest that whether detailed or abstract representations are drawn on depends on the complexity of processing demands. KW - OCP KW - Artificial language learning KW - Speech segmentation KW - Phonotactics KW - Identity KW - Phonotactic probability Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2015.11.008 SN - 0024-3841 SN - 1872-6135 VL - 171 SP - 74 EP - 91 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bolotov, M. I. A1 - Osipov, Grigory V. A1 - Pikovskij, Arkadij T1 - Marginal chimera state at cross-frequency locking of pulse-coupled neural networks JF - Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics N2 - We consider two coupled populations of leaky integrate-and-fire neurons. Depending on the coupling strength, mean fields generated by these populations can have incommensurate frequencies or become frequency locked. In the observed 2:1 locking state of the mean fields, individual neurons in one population are asynchronous with the mean fields, while in another population they have the same frequency as the mean field. These synchronous neurons form a chimera state, where part of them build a fully synchronized cluster, while other remain scattered. We explain this chimera as a marginal one, caused by a self-organized neutral dynamics of the effective circle map. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.93.032202 SN - 2470-0045 SN - 2470-0053 VL - 93 PB - American Physical Society CY - College Park ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bomanson, Jori A1 - Janhunen, Tomi A1 - Schaub, Torsten H. A1 - Gebser, Martin A1 - Kaufmann, Benjamin T1 - Answer Set Programming Modulo Acyclicity JF - Fundamenta informaticae N2 - Acyclicity constraints are prevalent in knowledge representation and applications where acyclic data structures such as DAGs and trees play a role. Recently, such constraints have been considered in the satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) framework, and in this paper we carry out an analogous extension to the answer set programming (ASP) paradigm. The resulting formalism, ASP modulo acyclicity, offers a rich set of primitives to express constraints related to recursive structures. In the technical results of the paper, we relate the new generalization with standard ASP by showing (i) how acyclicity extensions translate into normal rules, (ii) how weight constraint programs can be instrumented by acyclicity extensions to capture stability in analogy to unfounded set checking, and (iii) how the gap between supported and stable models is effectively closed in the presence of such an extension. Moreover, we present an efficient implementation of acyclicity constraints by incorporating a respective propagator into the state-of-the-art ASP solver CLASP. The implementation provides a unique combination of traditional unfounded set checking with acyclicity propagation. In the experimental part, we evaluate the interplay of these orthogonal checks by equipping logic programs with supplementary acyclicity constraints. The performance results show that native support for acyclicity constraints is a worthwhile addition, furnishing a complementary modeling construct in ASP itself as well as effective means for translation-based ASP solving. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/FI-2016-1398 SN - 0169-2968 SN - 1875-8681 VL - 147 SP - 63 EP - 91 PB - IOS Press CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bondü, Rebecca A1 - Hannuschke, Marianne A1 - Elsner, Birgit A1 - Gollwitzer, Mario T1 - Inter-individual stabilization of justice sensitivity in childhood and adolescence JF - Journal of research in personality KW - Justice sensitivity KW - Stabilization KW - Latent-state-trait modeling KW - Childhood KW - Adolescence Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2016.06.021 SN - 0092-6566 SN - 1095-7251 VL - 64 SP - 11 EP - 20 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bondü, Rebecca A1 - Richter, Philipp T1 - Interrelations of Justice, Rejection, Provocation, and Moral Disgust Sensitivity and Their Links with the Hostile Attribution Bias, Trait Anger, and Aggression JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - Several personality dispositions with common features capturing sensitivities to negative social cues have recently been introduced into psychological research. To date, however, little is known about their interrelations, their conjoint effects on behavior, or their interplay with other risk factors. We asked N = 349 adults from Germany to rate their justice, rejection, moral disgust, and provocation sensitivity, hostile attribution bias, trait anger, and forms and functions of aggression. The sensitivity measures were mostly positively correlated; particularly those with an egoistic focus, such as victim justice, rejection, and provocation sensitivity, hostile attributions and trait anger as well as those with an altruistic focus, such as observer justice, perpetrator justice, and moral disgust sensitivity. The sensitivity measures had independent and differential effects on forms and functions of aggression when considered simultaneously and when controlling for hostile attributions and anger. They could not be integrated into a single factor of interpersonal sensitivity or reduced to other well-known risk factors for aggression. The sensitivity measures, therefore, require consideration in predicting and preventing aggression. KW - justice sensitivity KW - rejection sensitivity KW - provocation sensitivity KW - moral disgust sensitivity KW - trait anger KW - hostile attribution bias KW - aggression Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00795 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 7 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bondü, Rebecca A1 - Richter, Philipp T1 - Linking Forms and Functions of Aggression in Adults to Justice and Rejection Sensitivity JF - Psychology of violence N2 - Objective: Research has linked individual differences in justice and rejection sensitivity to aggression in different age groups. However, different forms and functions of aggression have not been considered when investigating these links in adults. Furthermore, no attention has been paid to verbal aggression or the conjoint effects of justice and rejection sensitivity. Method: The present study assessed rejection sensitivity as well as victim, observer, and perpetrator justice sensitivity in 349 German adults. Links with self-reported forms (physical, relational, verbal) and functions (proactive, reactive) of aggression were examined. Results: In structural equation models controlling for age and gender, higher victim sensitivity predicted higher relational, proactive, and reactive aggression and higher observer sensitivity predicted higher physical and verbal aggression. In contrast, higher perpetrator sensitivity predicted lower physical, relational, verbal, and proactive aggression. Higher rejection sensitivity predicted higher physical and reactive, but lower verbal aggression. Using a 2-dimensional definition of aggression considering forms and functions of aggression at the same time yielded similar results. There were marked gender differences. Conclusion: Justice and rejection sensitivity may explain individual differences in forms and functions of aggression in adults and should therefore be considered in the planning of preventive and intervention measures. KW - justice sensitivity KW - physical aggression KW - proactive aggression KW - reactive aggression KW - rejection sensitivity Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039200 SN - 2152-0828 SN - 2152-081X VL - 6 SP - 292 EP - 302 PB - American Psychological Association CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bondü, Rebecca A1 - Rothmund, Tobias A1 - Gollwitzer, Mario T1 - Mutual long-term effects of school bullying, victimization, and justice sensitivity in adolescents JF - Journal of adolescence N2 - In the present study, we investigate long-term relations between experiences of aggression at school and the development of justice sensitivity as a personality disposition in adolescents. We assessed justice sensitivity (from the victim, observer, and perpetrator perspective), bullying, and victimization among 565 German 12- to 18-year-olds in a one-year longitudinal study with two measurement points. Latent path analyses revealed gender differences in long-term effects of bullying and victimization on observer sensitivity and victim sensitivity. Experiences of victimization at T1 predicted an increase in victim sensitivity among girls and a decrease in victim sensitivity among boys. Bullying behavior at T1 predicted an increase in victim sensitivity among boys and a decrease in observer sensitivity among girls. We did not find long-term effects of justice sensitivity on bullying and victimization. Our findings indicate that experiences of bullying and victimization have gender-specific influences on the development of moral personality dispositions in adolescents. (C) 2016 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Justice sensitivity KW - Bullying KW - Victimization KW - Adolescence KW - Personality development Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.01.007 SN - 0140-1971 SN - 1095-9254 VL - 48 SP - 62 EP - 72 PB - Elsevier CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Booker, Anke A1 - Bohlken, Jens A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Kostev, Karel T1 - Persistence with antidepressant drugs in patients with dementia: a retrospective database analysis JF - International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics N2 - Background: The aims of the present study are to determine what proportion of patients with dementia receives antidepressants, how long the treatment is administered, and what factors increase the risk of discontinuation. Methods: The study was based on Disease Analyzer database and included 1,203 general practitioners (GP) and 209 neurologists/psychiatrists (NP). 12,281 patients with a diagnosis of dementia and an initial prescription of an antidepressant drug between January 2004 and December 2013 were included. The main outcome measure was antidepressant discontinuation rates within 6 months of the index date. Results: After 6 months of follow-up, 52.7% of dementia patients treated with antidepressants had stopped medication intake. There was a significantly decreased risk for treatment discontinuation for patients using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRRIs) or serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SSNRIs) compared to tricyclic antidepressants. There was a significantly increased risk of treatment discontinuation for older patients and patients treated in NP practice. Comorbidity of diabetes or history of stroke was associated with a decreased risk of treatment discontinuation. Conclusion: The study results show insufficient persistence in antidepressant treatment in dementia patients in a real world setting. The improvement must be achieved to ensure the treatment recommended in the guidelines. KW - depression Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5414/CP202572 SN - 0946-1965 VL - 54 SP - 323 EP - 329 PB - Dustri-Verlag Dr. Karl Feistle CY - Deisenhofen-München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Booker, Anke A1 - Jacob, Louis E. C. A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Bohlken, Jens A1 - Kostev, Karel T1 - Risk factors for dementia diagnosis in German primary care practices JF - International psychogeriatrics N2 - Background: Dementia is a psychiatric condition the development of which is associated with numerous aspects of life. Our aim was to estimate dementia risk factors in German primary care patients. Methods: The case-control study included primary care patients (70-90 years) with first diagnosis of dementia (all-cause) during the index period (01/2010-12/2014) (Disease Analyzer, Germany), and controls without dementia matched (1:1) to cases on the basis of age, sex, type of health insurance, and physician. Practice visit records were used to verify that there had been 10 years of continuous follow-up prior to the index date. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted with dementia as a dependent variable and the potential predictors. Conclusions: Risk factors for dementia found in this study are consistent with the literature. Nevertheless, the associations between statin, PPI and antihypertensive drug use, and decreased risk of dementia need further investigations. KW - dementia KW - Alzheimer KW - risk factors KW - statins Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610215002082 SN - 1041-6102 SN - 1741-203X VL - 28 SP - 1059 EP - 1065 PB - Cambridge Univ. Press CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bookers, Anke A1 - Jacob, Louis A1 - Bohlken, Jens A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Kostev, Karel T1 - Persistence with antipsychotics in dementia patients in Germany JF - International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics N2 - Background/Aims: To analyze the duration of treatment with antipsychotics in German dementia patients. Methods: This study included patients aged 60 years and over with dementia who received a first-time antipsychotic prescription by psychiatrists between 2009 and 2013. The main outcome measure was the treatment rate for more than 6 months following the index date. Results: A total of 12,979 patients with dementia (mean age 82 years, 52.1% living in nursing homes) were included. After 2 years of follow-up, 54.8%, 57.2%, 61.1%, and 65.4% of patients aged 60 - 69, 70 - 79, 80 - 89, and 90 - 99 years, respectively, received antipsychotic prescriptions. 63.9% of subjects living in nursing homes and 55.0% of subjects living at home also continued their treatment (p-value < 0.001). Conclusion: The percentage of dementia patients treated with anti psychotics is very high. KW - persistence KW - antipsychotics KW - dementia Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5414/CP202631 SN - 0946-1965 VL - 54 SP - 835 EP - 840 PB - Dustri-Verlag Dr. Karl Feistle CY - Deisenhofen-München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bora, Sanjay Singh A1 - Scherbaum, Frank A1 - Kuehn, Nicolas A1 - Stafford, Peter T1 - On the Relationship between Fourier and Response Spectra: Implications for the Adjustment of Empirical Ground-Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs) JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America N2 - The functional form of empirical response spectral ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) is often derived using concepts borrowed from Fourier spectral modeling of ground motion. As these GMPEs are subsequently calibrated with empirical observations, this may not appear to pose any major problems in the prediction of ground motion for a particular earthquake scenario. However, the assumption that Fourier spectral concepts persist for response spectra can lead to undesirable consequences when it comes to the adjustment of response spectral GMPEs to represent conditions not covered in the original empirical data set. In this context, a couple of important questions arise, for example, what are the distinctions and/or similarities between Fourier and response spectra of ground motions? And, if they are different, then what is the mechanism responsible for such differences and how do adjustments that are made to Fourier amplitude spectrum (FAS) manifest in response spectra? The present article explores the relationship between the Fourier and response spectrum of ground motion by using random vibration theory (RVT). With a simple Brune (1970, 1971) source model, RVT-generated acceleration spectra for a fixed magnitude and distance scenario are used. The RVT analyses reveal that the scaling of low oscillator-frequency response spectral ordinates can be treated as being equivalent to the scaling of the corresponding Fourier spectral ordinates. However, the high oscillator-frequency response spectral ordinates are controlled by a rather wide band of Fourier spectral ordinates. In fact, the peak ground acceleration, counter to the popular perception that it is a reflection of the high-frequency characteristics of ground motion, is controlled by the entire Fourier spectrum of ground motion. Additionally, this article demonstrates how an adjustment made to FAS is similar or different to the same adjustment made to response spectral ordinates. For this purpose, two cases: adjustments to the stress parameter (Delta sigma) (source term), and adjustments to the attributes reflecting site response (V-S - kappa(0)) are considered. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1785/0120150129 SN - 0037-1106 SN - 1943-3573 VL - 106 SP - 1235 EP - 1253 PB - Seismological Society of America CY - Albany ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Borck, Rainald T1 - Will skyscrapers save the planet? Building height limits and urban greenhouse gas emissions JF - Regional science and urban economics N2 - This paper studies the effectiveness of building height limits as a policy to limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It shows that building height limits lead to urban sprawl and higher emissions from commuting. On the other hand, aggregate housing consumption may decrease, which reduces emissions from residential energy use. A numerical model is used to evaluate whether total GHG emissions may be lower under building height restrictions. Welfare is not concave in the strictness of building height limits, so either no limit or a very strict one (depending on the strength of the externality) might maximize welfare. The paper discusses several extensions, such as congestion, endogenous transport mode choice, migration, and urban heat island effect. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved KW - Greenhouse gas emissions KW - City structure KW - Building height limits Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2016.01.004 SN - 0166-0462 SN - 1879-2308 VL - 58 SP - 13 EP - 25 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Borgia, Alessandro A1 - Zheng, Wenwei A1 - Buholzer, Karin A1 - Borgia, Madeleine B. A1 - Schüler, Anja A1 - Hofmann, Hagen A1 - Soranno, Andrea A1 - Nettels, Daniel A1 - Gast, Klaus A1 - Grishaev, Alexander A1 - Best, Robert B. A1 - Schuler, Benjamin T1 - Consistent View of Polypeptide Chain Expansion in Chemical Denaturants from Multiple Experimental Methods JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society N2 - There has been a long-standing controversy regarding the effect of chemical denaturants on the dimensions of unfolded and intrinsically disordered proteins: A wide range of experimental techniques suggest that polypeptide chains expand with increasing denaturant concentration, but several studies using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) have reported no: such increase of the radius of gyration (R-g). This inconsistency challenges our current understanding of the mechanism of chemical denaturants, which are widely employed to investigate protein folding and stability. Here, we use a combination Of single-molecule Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET), SAXS, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and two-focus fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (2f-FCS) to characterize the denaturant dependence of the unfolded state of the spectrin domain R17 and the intrinsically disordered protein ACTR in two different denaturants. Standard analysis of the primary data clearly indicates an expansion of the unfolded state with increasing denaturant concentration irrespective of the protein, denaturant, or experimental method used. This is the first case in which SAXS and FRET have yielded even qualitatively consistent results regarding expansion in denaturant when applied to the same proteins. To more directly illustrate this self-consistency, we used both SAXS and FRET data in a Bayesian procedure to refine structural ensembles representative of the observed unfolded state. This analysis demonstrates that both of these experimental probes are compatible with a common ensemble of protein configurations for each denaturant concentration. Furthermore, the resulting ensembles reproduce the trend of increasing hydrodynamic radius, with denaturant concentration obtained by 2f-FCS,and DLS. We were thus able to reconcile the results from all four experimental techniques quantitatively, to obtain a comprehensive structural picture of denaturant;induced unfolded state expansion, and to identify the Most likely sources of earlier discrepancies. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b05917 SN - 0002-7863 VL - 138 SP - 11714 EP - 11726 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Borgnäs, Kajsa T1 - The Policy Influence of Sustainability Indicators: Examining Use and Influence of Indicators in German Sustainability Policy Making JF - German politics N2 - In 2002 Germany adopted an ambitious national sustainability strategy, covering all three sustainability spheres and circling around 21 key indicators. The strategy stands out because of its relative stability over five consecutive government constellations, its high status and increasingly coercive nature. This article analyses the strategy's role in the policy process, focusing on the use and influence of indicators as a central steering tool. Contrasting rationalist and constructivist perspectives on the role of knowledge in policy, two factors, namely the level of consensus about policy goals and the institutional setting of the indicators, are found to explain differences in use and influence both across indicators and over time. Moreover, the study argues that the indicators have been part of a continuous process of ‘structuring’ in which conceptual and instrumental use together help structure the sustainability challenge in such a way that it becomes more manageable for government policy. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2016.1193160 SN - 0964-4008 SN - 1743-8993 VL - 25 SP - 480 EP - 499 PB - Elsevier CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bosch, Sina A1 - Clahsen, Harald T1 - Accessing morphosyntax in L1 and L2 word recognition A priming study of inflected German adjectives JF - The mental lexicon N2 - In fusional languages, inflectional affixes may encode multiple morphosyntactic features such as case, number, and gender. To determine how these features are accessed during both native (L1) and non-native (L2) word recognition, the present study compares the results from a masked visual priming experiment testing inflected adjectives of German to those of a previous overt (cross-modal) priming experiment on the same phenomenon. While for the L1 group both experiments produced converging results, a group of highly-proficient Russian L2 learners of German showed native-like modulations of repetition priming effects under overt, but not under masked priming conditions. These results indicate that not only affixes but also their morphosyntactic features are accessible during initial form-based lexical access, albeit only for L1 and not for L2 processing. We argue that this contrast is in line with other findings suggesting that non-native language processing is less influenced by structural information than the L1. KW - morphosyntax KW - inflection KW - masked priming KW - late bilinguals Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1075/ml.11.1.02bos SN - 1871-1340 SN - 1871-1375 VL - 11 SP - 26 EP - 54 PB - John Benjamins Publishing Co. CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bouche, Nicolas A1 - Finley, H. A1 - Schroetter, I. A1 - Murphy, M. T. A1 - Richter, Philipp A1 - Bacon, Roland A1 - Contini, Thierry A1 - Richard, J. A1 - Wendt, Martin A1 - Kamann, S. A1 - Epinat, Benoit A1 - Cantalupo, Sebastiano A1 - Straka, Lorrie A. A1 - Schaye, Joop A1 - Martin, C. L. A1 - Peroux, C. A1 - Wisotzki, Lutz A1 - Soto, K. A1 - Lilly, S. A1 - Carollo, C. M. A1 - Brinchmann, Jarle A1 - Kollatschny, W. T1 - POSSIBLE SIGNATURES OF A COLD-FLOW DISK FROM MUSE USING A z similar to 1 GALAXY-QUASAR PAIR TOWARD SDSS J1422-0001 JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics N2 - We use a background quasar to detect the presence of circumgalactic gas around a z = 0.91 low-mass star-forming galaxy. Data from the new Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) on the Very Large Telescope show that the galaxy has a dust-corrected star formation rate (SFR) of 4.7 +/- 2.0. M-circle dot yr(-1), with no companion down to 0.22 M-circle dot yr(-1) (5 sigma) within 240 h(-1) kpc ("30"). Using a high-resolution spectrum of the background quasar, which is fortuitously aligned with the galaxy major axis (with an azimuth angle alpha of only 15 degrees), we find, in the gas kinematics traced by low-ionization lines, distinct signatures consistent with those expected for a "cold-flow disk" extending at least 12 kpc (3 x R-1/2). We estimate the mass accretion rate M-in to be at least two to three times larger than the SFR, using the geometric constraints from the IFU data and the H (I) column density of log N-H (I)/cm(-2) similar or equal to 20.4 obtained from a Hubble Space Telescope/COS near-UV spectrum. From a detailed analysis of the low-ionization lines (e.g., Zn II, Cr II, Ti II, MnII, Si II), the accreting material appears to be enriched to about 0.4 Z(circle dot) (albeit with large uncertainties: log Z/Z(circle dot) = -0.4 +/- 0.4), which is comparable to the galaxy metallicity (12 + log O/H = 8.7 +/- 0.2), implying a large recycling fraction from past outflows. Blueshifted Mg II and Fe II absorptions in the galaxy spectrum from the MUSE data reveal the presence of an outflow. The Mg II and Fe II absorption line ratios indicate emission infilling due to scattering processes, but the MUSE data do not show any signs of fluorescent Fe II* emission. KW - galaxies: evolution KW - galaxies: formation KW - intergalactic medium KW - quasars: individual (SDSS J142253.31-000149) Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/820/2/121 SN - 0004-637X SN - 1538-4357 VL - 820 SP - 1872 EP - 1882 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bougeois, Laurie A1 - de Rafelis, Marc A1 - Reichart, Gert-Jan A1 - de Nooijer, Lennart J. A1 - Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume T1 - Mg/Ca in fossil oyster shells as palaeotemperature proxy, an example from the Palaeogene of Central Asia JF - Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology : an international journal for the geo-sciences N2 - Fossil oyster shells are well-suited to provide palaeotemperature proxies from geologic to seasonal timescales due to their ubiquitous occurrence from Triassic to Quaternary sediments, the seasonal nature of their shell growth and their relative strong resistance to post-mortem alteration. However, the common use to translate calcitic oxygen isotopes into palaeotemperatures is challenged by uncertainties in accounting for past seawater delta O-18, especially in shallow coastal environment where oysters calcify. In principle, the Mg/Ca ratio in oyster shells can provide an alternative palaeothermometer. Several studies provided temperature calibrations for this potential proxy based on modem species, nevertheless their application to palaeo-studies remains hitherto unexplored. Here, we show that past temperature variability in seawater can be obtained from Mg/Ca analyses from selected fossil oyster species and specimens. High-resolution Mg/Ca profiles, combined with delta O-18, were obtained along 41 fossil oyster shells of seven different species from the Palaeogene Proto-Paratethys sea (Central Asia) found in similar as well as different depositional age and environments providing comparison. Suitable Mg/Ca profiles, defined by continuous cyclicity and reproducibility within one shell, are found to be consistent for specimens of the same species but differ systematically between species, implying a dominant species-specific effect on the Mg/Ca signal. Two species studied here (Ostrea (Turkostrea) strictiplicata and Sokolowia buhsii) provide an excellent proxy for palaeoclimate reconstruction from China to Europe in Palaeogene marine sediments. More generally, the protocol developed here can be applied to identify other fossil oyster species suitable for palaeoclimate reconstructions. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Palaeoclimate KW - Oyster KW - Mg/Ca KW - Sclerochronology KW - Palaeogene KW - Central Asia Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.09.052 SN - 0031-0182 SN - 1872-616X VL - 441 SP - 611 EP - 626 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bowler, Margit ED - Grubic, Mira ED - Mucha, Anne T1 - The status of degrees in Warlpiri JF - Proceedings of the Semantics of African, Asian and Austronesian Languages (TripleA) 2 N2 - Recent work in semantics has shown that languages can vary in whether or not they include degrees (that is, elements of type < d >) in their semantic ontology. Several authors have argued that their languages of study lack degrees, including Bochnak (2013) for Washo (isolate, USA), Pearson (2009) for Fijian (Austronesian, Fiji), and Beck, et al. (2009) for Motu (Austronesian, Papua New Guinea). In this paper, I follow the tests proposed in Beck, et al. (2009) to assess the status of degrees in Warlpiri (Pama-Nyungan, Australia). I use Warlpiri data collected following the Beck, et al. survey to argue that Warlpiri gradable predicates do not combine with a degree argument. (Like many other Australian languages, adjectival concepts like big and small are expressed using nouns in Warlpiri (Dixon 1982, Bittner & Hale 1995, among others). I refer to these lexical items as “gradable predicates” in this paper.) This paper represents a first pass at assessing the status of degrees in an Australian language, which have otherwise been unexamined from the point of view of degree semantics. Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92295 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boyd, A. J. A1 - Spence, Harlan E. A1 - Huang, Chia-Lin A1 - Reeves, Geoffrey D. A1 - Baker, Daniel N. A1 - Turner, D. L. A1 - Claudepierre, Seth G. A1 - Fennell, Joseph F. A1 - Blake, J. Bernard A1 - Shprits, Yuri Y. T1 - Statistical properties of the radiation belt seed population JF - Journal of geophysical research : Space physics N2 - We present a statistical analysis of phase space density data from the first 26 months of the Van Allen Probes mission. In particular, we investigate the relationship between the tens and hundreds of keV seed electrons and >1 MeV core radiation belt electron population. Using a cross-correlation analysis, we find that the seed and core populations are well correlated with a coefficient of approximate to 0.73 with a time lag of 10-15 h. We present evidence of a seed population threshold that is necessary for subsequent acceleration. The depth of penetration of the seed population determines the inner boundary of the acceleration process. However, we show that an enhanced seed population alone is not enough to produce acceleration in the higher energies, implying that the seed population of hundreds of keV electrons is only one of several conditions required for MeV electron radiation belt acceleration. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022652 SN - 2169-9380 SN - 2169-9402 VL - 121 SP - 7636 EP - 7646 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bozzo, Enrico A1 - Bhalerao, V. A1 - Pradhan, Prajal A1 - Tomsick, J. A1 - Romano, Patrizia A1 - Ferrigno, Carlo A1 - Chaty, S. A1 - Oskinova, Lida A1 - Manousakis, A. A1 - Walter, R. A1 - Falanga, M. A1 - Campana, S. A1 - Stella, L. A1 - Ramolla, M. A1 - Chini, R. T1 - Multi-wavelength observations of IGR J17544-2619 from quiescence to outburst JF - Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface N2 - In this paper we report on a long multi-wavelength observational campaign of the supergiant fast X-ray transient prototype IGR J17544-2619. A 150 ks-long observation was carried out simultaneously with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR, catching the source in an initial faint X-ray state and then undergoing a bright X-ray outburst lasting approximately 7 ks. We studied the spectral variability during outburst and quiescence by using a thermal and bulk Comptonization model that is typically adopted to describe the X-ray spectral energy distribution of young pulsars in high mass X-ray binaries. Although the statistics of the collected X-ray data were relatively high, we could neither confirm the presence of a cyclotron line in the broad-band spectrum of the source (0.5-40 keV), nor detect any of the previously reported tentative detections of the source spin period. The monitoring carried out with Swift/XRT during the same orbit of the system observed by XMM-Newton and NuSTAR revealed that the source remained in a low emission state for most of the time, in agreement with the known property of all supergiant fast X-ray transients being significantly sub-luminous compared to other supergiant X-ray binaries. Optical and infrared observations were carried out for a total of a few thousand seconds during the quiescence state of the source detected by XMM-Newton and NuSTAR. The measured optical and infrared magnitudes were slightly lower than previous values reported in the literature, but compatible with the known micro-variability of supergiant stars. UV observations obtained with the UVOT telescope on-board Swift did not reveal significant changes in the magnitude of the source in this energy domain compared to previously reported values. KW - X-rays: binaries Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629311 SN - 1432-0746 VL - 596 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bozzo, Enrico A1 - Oskinova, Lida A1 - Feldmeier, Achim A1 - Falanga, M. T1 - Clumpy wind accretion in supergiant neutron star high mass X-ray binaries JF - BMC neuroscience N2 - The accretion of the stellar wind material by a compact object represents the main mechanism powering the X-ray emission in classical supergiant high mass X-ray binaries and supergiant fast X-ray transients. In this work we present the first attempt to simulate the accretion process of a fast and dense massive star wind onto a neutron star, taking into account the effects of the centrifugal and magnetic inhibition of accretion ("gating") due to the spin and magnetic field of the compact object. We made use of a radiative hydrodynamical code to model the nonstationary radiatively driven wind of an O-B supergiant star and then place a neutron star characterized by a fixed magnetic field and spin period at a certain distance from the massive companion. Our calculations follow, as a function of time (on a total timescale of several hours), the transitions of the system through all different accretion regimes that are triggered by the intrinsic variations in the density and velocity of the nonstationary wind. The X-ray luminosity released by the system is computed at each time step by taking into account the relevant physical processes occurring in the different accretion regimes. Synthetic lightcurves are derived and qualitatively compared with those observed from classical supergiant high mass X-ray binaries and supergiant fast X-ray transients. Although a number of simplifications are assumed in these calculations, we show that taking into account the effects of the centrifugal and magnetic inhibition of accretion significantly reduces the average X-ray luminosity expected for any neutron star wind-fed binary. The present model calculations suggest that long spin periods and stronger magnetic fields are favored in order to reproduce the peculiar behavior of supergiant fast X-ray transients in the X-ray domain. KW - stars: neutron KW - X-rays: binaries KW - supergiants Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628341 SN - 1432-0746 VL - 589 SP - 369 EP - 389 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brand, Ralf A1 - Koch, Helen T1 - Using Caffeine Pills for Performance Enhancement. An Experimental Study Neuroenhancements JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - Recent research has indicated that university students sometimes use caffeine pills for neuroenhancement (NE; non-medical use of psychoactive substances or technology to produce a subjective enhancement in psychological functioning and experience), especially during exam preparation. In our factorial survey experiment, we manipulated the evidence participants were given about the prevalence of NE amongst peers and measured the resulting effects on the psychological predictors included in the Prototype-Willingness Model of risk behavior. Two hundred and thirty-one university students were randomized to a high prevalence condition (read faked research results overstating usage of caffeine pills amongst peers by a factor of 5; 50%), low prevalence condition (half the estimated prevalence; 5%) or control condition (no information about peer prevalence). Structural equation modeling confirmed that our participants’ willingness and intention to use caffeine pills in the next exam period could be explained by their past use of neuroenhancers, attitude to NE and subjective norm about use of caffeine pills whilst image of the typical user was a much less important factor. Provision of inaccurate information about prevalence reduced the predictive power of attitude with respect to willingness by 40-45%. This may be because receiving information about peer prevalence which does not fit with their perception of the social norm causes people to question their attitude. Prevalence information might exert a deterrent effect on NE via the attitude-willingness association. We argue that research into NE and deterrence of associated risk behaviors should be informed by psychological theory. KW - attitude KW - prevalence information KW - prototype-willingness-model KW - social reactivity KW - doping Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00101 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 7 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brand, Ralf A1 - Koch, Helen T1 - Using Caffeine Pills for Performance Enhancement BT - An Experimental Study on University Students’ Willingness and Their Intention to Try Neuroenhancements JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - Recent research has indicated that university students sometimes use caffeine pills for neuroenhancement (NE; non-medical use of psychoactive substances or technology to produce a subjective enhancement in psychological functioning and experience), especially during exam preparation. In our factorial survey experiment, we manipulated the evidence participants were given about the prevalence of NE amongst peers and measured the resulting effects on the psychological predictors included in the Prototype-Willingness Model of risk behavior. Two hundred and thirty-one university students were randomized to a high prevalence condition (read faked research results overstating usage of caffeine pills amongst peers by a factor of 5; 50%), low prevalence condition (half the estimated prevalence; 5%) or control condition (no information about peer prevalence). Structural equation modeling confirmed that our participants’ willingness and intention to use caffeine pills in the next exam period could be explained by their past use of neuroenhancers, attitude to NE and subjective norm about use of caffeine pills whilst image of the typical user was a much less important factor. Provision of inaccurate information about prevalence reduced the predictive power of attitude with respect to willingness by 40-45%. This may be because receiving information about peer prevalence which does not fit with their perception of the social norm causes people to question their attitude. Prevalence information might exert a deterrent effect on NE via the attitude-willingness association. We argue that research into NE and deterrence of associated risk behaviors should be informed by psychological theory. KW - attitude KW - prevalence information KW - prototype-willingness-model KW - social reactivity KW - doping Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00101 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 7 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brand, Ralf A1 - Wolff, Wanja A1 - Ziegler, Matthias T1 - Drugs As Instruments: Describing and Testing a Behavioral Approach to the Study of Neuroenhancement JF - Frontiers in psychology KW - psychoactive drugs KW - non-addictive behavior KW - cognitive enhancement KW - drug instrumentalization KW - user types Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01226 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 7 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Braun, Andreas A1 - Bockelmann, Laura T1 - An individual perspective on open innovation capabilities in the context of haute cuisine JF - International journal of innovation in management N2 - Previous research on open innovation (OI) has primarily focused on the organisational level of R&D intensive industries. With this paper, we contribute to research on the individual level of analysis by analysing specific perspectives in the context of creative industries. Our study is based on 36 interviews with Haute cuisine chefs in France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland listed in the 2012 Michelin Guide. Building on the OI capability concept, our results demonstrate that chefs use absorptive and desorptive capacity (AC, DC) as means to generate and market culinary innovations, respectively. Moreover, we found that chefs almost exclusively rely on their own inventive and innovative capabilities in the early stages of the culinary innovation process. In subsequent phases, however, chefs increasingly integrate other sources such as employees, suppliers, and guests. Our study contributes to the literature in two ways. First, we research the individual level within the OI process, and second, we provide insight into OI practices in the creative industries. KW - Open innovation KW - open innovation capabilities KW - Haute cuisine KW - creative industries Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S136391961650002X SN - 1363-9196 SN - 1757-5877 VL - 20 SP - 480 EP - 499 PB - World Scientific CY - Singapore ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Froehlich, G. M. A1 - Lendlein, Andreas A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Effect of temperature on platelet adherence JF - Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation : blood flow and vessels N2 - BACKGROUND: Thrombogenicity is one of the main parameters tested in vitro to evaluate the hemocompatibility of artificial surfaces. While the influence of the temperature on platelet aggregation has been addressed by several studies, the temperature influence on the adherence of platelets to body foreign surfaces as an important aspect of biomedical device handling has not yet been explored. Therefore, we analyzed the influence of two typically applied incubation-temperatures (22 degrees C and 37 degrees C) on the adhesion of platelets to biomaterials. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thrombogenicity of three different polymers - medical grade poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) - were studied in an in vitro static test. Platelet adhesion was studied with stringently characterized blood from apparently healthy subjects. Collection of whole blood and preparation of platelet rich plasma (PRP) was carried out at room temperature (22 degrees C). PRP was incubated with the polymers either at 22 degrees C or 37 degrees C. Surface adherent platelets were fixed, fluorescently labelled and assessed by an image-based approach. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Differences in the density of adherent platelets after incubation at 22 degrees C and 37 degrees C occurred on PDMS and PET. Similar levels of adherent platelets were observed on the very thrombogenic PTFE. The covered surface areas per single platelet were analyzed to measure the state of platelet activation and revealed no differences between the two incubation temperatures for any of the analyzed polymers. Irrespective of the observed differences between the low and medium thrombogenic PDMS and PET and the higher variability at 22 degrees C, the thrombogenicity of the three investigated polymers was evaluated being comparable at both incubation temperatures. KW - Biomaterial KW - thrombogenicity KW - platelet adhesion KW - platelet activation KW - temperature Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-152028 SN - 1386-0291 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 61 SP - 681 EP - 688 PB - IOS Press CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Gross, M. A1 - Walter, M. A1 - Zhou, Shengqiang A1 - Dietze, Siegfried A1 - Rutschow, S. A1 - Lendlein, Andreas A1 - Tschoepe, C. A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Adhesion and activation of platelets from subjects with coronary artery disease and apparently healthy individuals on biomaterials JF - Journal of biomedical materials research : an official journal of the Society for Biomaterials, the Japanese Society for Biomaterials; the Australian Society for Biomaterials N2 - On the basis of the clinical studies in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) presenting an increased percentage of activated platelets, we hypothesized that hemocompatibility testing utilizing platelets from healthy individuals may result in an underestimation of the materials' thrombogenicity. Therefore, we investigated the interaction of polymer-based biomaterials with platelets from CAD patients in comparison to platelets from apparently healthy individuals. In vitro static thrombogenicity tests revealed that adherent platelet densities and total platelet covered areas were significantly increased for the low (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) and medium (Collagen) thrombogenic surfaces in the CAD group compared to the healthy subjects group. The area per single platelet—indicating the spreading and activation of the platelets—was markedly increased on PDMS treated with PRP from CAD subjects. This could not be observed for collagen or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). For the latter material, platelet adhesion and surface coverage did not differ between the two groups. Irrespective of the substrate, the variability of these parameters was increased for CAD patients compared to healthy subjects. This indicates a higher reactivity of platelets from CAD patients compared to the healthy individuals. Our results revealed, for the first time, that utilizing platelets from apparently healthy donors bears the risk of underestimating the thrombogenicity of polymer-based biomaterials. KW - platelets KW - biomaterials KW - hemocompatibility KW - cardiovascular disease KW - cardiovascular implant Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.33366 SN - 1552-4973 SN - 1552-4981 VL - 104 SP - 210 EP - 217 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brell, Maximilian A1 - Rogass, Christian A1 - Segl, Karl A1 - Bookhagen, Bodo A1 - Guanter, Luis T1 - Improving Sensor Fusion: A Parametric Method for the Geometric Coalignment of Airborne Hyperspectral and Lidar Data JF - IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing N2 - Synergistic applications based on integrated hyperspectral and lidar data are receiving a growing interest from the remote-sensing community. A prerequisite for the optimum sensor fusion of hyperspectral and lidar data is an accurate geometric coalignment. The simple unadjusted integration of lidar elevation and hyperspectral reflectance causes a substantial loss of information and does not exploit the full potential of both sensors. This paper presents a novel approach for the geometric coalignment of hyperspectral and lidar airborne data, based on their respective adopted return intensity information. The complete approach incorporates ray tracing and subpixel procedures in order to overcome grid inherent discretization. It aims at the correction of extrinsic and intrinsic (camera resectioning) parameters of the hyperspectral sensor. In additional to a tie-point-based coregistration, we introduce a ray-tracing-based back projection of the lidar intensities for area-based cost aggregation. The approach consists of three processing steps. First is a coarse automatic tie-point-based boresight alignment. The second step coregisters the hyperspectral data to the lidar intensities. Third is a parametric coalignment refinement with an area-based cost aggregation. This hybrid approach of combining tie-point features and area-based cost aggregation methods for the parametric coregistration of hyperspectral intensity values to their corresponding lidar intensities results in a root-mean-square error of 1/3 pixel. It indicates that a highly integrated and stringent combination of different coalignment methods leads to an improvement of the multisensor coregistration. KW - Airborne laser scanning (ALS) KW - coregistration KW - direct georeferencing KW - imaging spectroscopy KW - multisensor KW - parametric georeferencing KW - preprocessing KW - ray tracing KW - rigorous geocoding KW - sensor alignment KW - sensor fusion Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2016.2518930 SN - 0196-2892 SN - 1558-0644 VL - 54 SP - 3460 EP - 3474 PB - Inst. of Electr. and Electronics Engineers CY - Piscataway ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brenner, Falko S. A1 - Ortner, Tuulia M. A1 - Fay, Doris T1 - Asynchronous Video Interviewing as a New Technology in Personnel JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - Although many behavioral studies have investigated the effect of processing fluency on subsequent recognition memory, little research has examined the neural mechanism of this phenomenon. The present study aimed to explore the electrophysiological correlates of the effects of processing fluency on subsequent recognition memory by using an event-related potential (ERP) approach. The masked repetition priming paradigm was used to manipulate processing fluency in the study phase, and the R/K paradigm was utilized to investigate which recognition memory process (familiarity or recollection) was affected by processing fluency in the test phase. Converging behavioral and ERP results indicated that increased processing fluency impaired subsequent recollection. Results from the analysis of ERP priming effects in the study phase indicated that increased perceptual processing fluency of object features, reflected by the N/P 190 priming effect, can hinder encoding activities, reflected by the LPC priming effect, which leads to worse subsequent recollection based recognition memory. These results support the idea that processing fluency can influence subsequent recognition memory and provide a potential neural mechanism underlying this effect. However, further studies are needed to examine whether processing fluency can affect subsequent familiarity. KW - applicant reactions KW - new technology KW - selection KW - asynchronous video interviewing KW - technology acceptance model Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00863 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 7 SP - 14822 EP - 14832 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brentrup, Jennifer A. A1 - Williamson, Craig E. A1 - Colom-Montero, William A1 - Eckert, Werner A1 - de Eyto, Elvira A1 - Großart, Hans-Peter A1 - Huot, Yannick A1 - Isles, Peter D. F. A1 - Knoll, Lesley B. A1 - Leach, Taylor H. A1 - McBride, Chris G. A1 - Pierson, Don A1 - Pomati, Francesco A1 - Read, Jordan S. A1 - Rose, Kevin C. A1 - Samal, Nihar R. A1 - Staehr, Peter A. A1 - Winslow, Luke A. T1 - The potential of high-frequency profiling to assess vertical and seasonal patterns of phytoplankton dynamics in lakes: an extension of the Plankton Ecology Group (PEG) model JF - Inland waters : journal of the International Society of Limnology N2 - The use of high-frequency sensors on profiling buoys to investigate physical, chemical, and biological processes in lakes is increasing rapidly. Profiling buoys with automated winches and sensors that collect high-frequency chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) profiles in 11 lakes in the Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) allowed the study of the vertical and temporal distribution of ChlF, including the formation of subsurface chlorophyll maxima (SSCM). The effectiveness of 3 methods for sampling phytoplankton distributions in lakes, including (1) manual profiles, (2) single-depth buoys, and (3) profiling buoys were assessed. High-frequency ChlF surface data and profiles were compared to predictions from the Plankton Ecology Group (PEG) model. The depth-integrated ChlF dynamics measured by the profiling buoy data revealed a greater complexity that neither conventional sampling nor the generalized PEG model captured. Conventional sampling techniques would have missed SSCM in 7 of 11 study lakes. Although surface-only ChlF data underestimated average water column ChlF, at times by nearly 2-fold in 4 of the lakes, overall there was a remarkable similarity between surface and mean water column data. Contrary to the PEG model’s proposed negligible role for physical control of phytoplankton during the growing season, thermal structure and light availability were closely associated with ChlF seasonal depth distribution. Thus, an extension of the PEG model is proposed, with a new conceptual framework that explicitly includes physical metrics to better predict SSCM formation in lakes and highlight when profiling buoys are especially informative. KW - chlorophyll fluorescence KW - Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) KW - high-frequency sensors KW - PEG model KW - phytoplankton KW - profiling buoys KW - subsurface chlorophyll maximum Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5268/IW-6.4.890 SN - 2044-2041 SN - 2044-205X VL - 6 SP - 565 EP - 580 PB - Freshwater Biological Association CY - Ambleside ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brietzke, Thomas Martin A1 - Kelling, Alexandra A1 - Schilde, Uwe A1 - Mickler, Wulfhard A1 - Holdt, Hans-Jürgen T1 - Heterodinuclear Ruthenium(II) Complexes of the Bridging Ligand 1,6,7,12-Tetraazaperylene with Iron(II), Cobalt(II), Nickel(II), as well as Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) JF - Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie N2 - The first heterodinuclear ruthenium(II) complexes of the 1,6,7,12-tetraazaperylene (tape) bridging ligand with iron(II), cobalt(II), and nickel(II) were synthesized and characterized. The metal coordination sphere in this complexes is filled by the tetradentate N,N-dimethyl-2,11-diaza[3.3](2,6)-pyridinophane (L-N4Me2) ligand, yielding complexes of the general formula [(L-N4Me2)Ru(mu-tape)M(L-N4Me2)](ClO4)(2)(PF6)(2) with M = Fe {[2](ClO4)(2)(PF6)(2)}, Co {[3](ClO4)(2)(PF6)(2)}, and Ni {[4](ClO4)(2)(PF6)(2)}. Furthermore, the heterodinuclear tape ruthenium(II) complexes with palladium(II)- and platinum(II)-dichloride [(bpy)(2)Ru(-tape)PdCl2](PF6)(2) {[5](PF6)(2)} and [(dmbpy)(2)Ru(-tape)PtCl2](PF6)(2) {[6](PF6)(2)}, respectively were also prepared. The molecular structures of the complex cations [2](4+) and [4](4+) were discussed on the basis of the X-ray structures of [2](ClO4)(4)MeCN and [4](ClO4)(4)MeCN. The electrochemical behavior and the UV/Vis absorption spectra of the heterodinuclear tape ruthenium(II) complexes were explored and compared with the data of the analogous mono- and homodinuclear ruthenium(II) complexes of the tape bridging ligand. KW - N ligands KW - Ruthenium KW - Structure elucidation KW - Charge transfer KW - Electrochemistry Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201500645 SN - 0044-2313 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 642 SP - 8 EP - 13 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brink, Paula-Sophie T1 - Verspielt JF - Spurensuche am Neuen Palais : Sechs mörderische Geschichten Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-86356 SN - 978-3-86956-350-3 SP - 149 EP - 159 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brose, Robert A1 - Telezhinsky, Igor O. A1 - Pohl, Martin T1 - Transport of magnetic turbulence in supernova remnants JF - Physical review letters N2 - Context. Supernova remnants are known as sources of Galactic cosmic rays for their nonthermal emission of radio waves, X-rays, and gamma rays. However, the observed soft broken power-law spectra are hard to reproduce within standard acceleration theory based on the assumption of Bohm diffusion and steady-state calculations. Aims. We point out that a time-dependent treatment of the acceleration process together with a self-consistent treatment of the scattering turbulence amplification is necessary. Methods. We numerically solve the coupled system of transport equations for cosmic rays and isotropic Alfvenic turbulence. The equations are coupled through the growth rate of turbulence determined by the cosmic-ray gradient and the spatial diffusion coefficient of cosmic rays determined by the energy density of the turbulence. The system is solved on a comoving expanding grid extending upstream for dozens of shock radii, allowing for the self-consistent study of cosmic-ray diffusion in the vicinity of their acceleration site. The transport equation for cosmic rays is solved in a test-particle approach. Results. We demonstrate that the system is typically not in a steady state. In fact, even after several thousand years of evolution, no equilibrium situation is reached. The resulting time-dependent particle spectra strongly differ from those derived assuming a steady state and Bohm diffusion. Our results indicate that proper accounting for the evolution of the scattering turbulence and hence the particle diffusion coefficient is crucial for the formation of the observed soft spectra. In any case, the need to continuously develop magnetic turbulence upstream of the shock introduces nonlinearity in addition to that imposed by cosmic-ray feedback. KW - ISM: supernova remnants KW - acceleration of particles KW - turbulence Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527345 SN - 1432-0746 VL - 593 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brunová, Marie T1 - Paratextuelle Fiktionssignale BT - Titelgestaltung bei Jiří Weil JF - Grenzräume – Grenzbewegungen : Ergebnisse der Arbeitstreffen des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Basel 2013 und Frankfurt (Oder) und Słubice 2014 ; Bd. 2 Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92942 SN - 978-3-86956-359-6 VL - 2 SP - 13 EP - 24 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brzezinka, Krzysztof A1 - Altmann, Simone A1 - Czesnick, Hjördis A1 - Nicolas, Philippe A1 - Gorka, Michal A1 - Benke, Eileen A1 - Kabelitz, Tina A1 - Jähne, Felix A1 - Graf, Alexander A1 - Kappel, Christian A1 - Bäurle, Isabel T1 - Arabidopsis FORGETTER1 mediates stress-induced chromatin memory through nucleosome remodeling JF - eLife N2 - Plants as sessile organisms can adapt to environmental stress to mitigate its adverse effects. As part of such adaptation they maintain an active memory of heat stress for several days that promotes a more efficient response to recurring stress. We show that this heat stress memory requires the activity of the FORGETTER1 (FGT1) locus, with fgt1 mutants displaying reduced maintenance of heat-induced gene expression. FGT1 encodes the Arabidopsis thaliana orthologue of Strawberry notch (Sno), and the protein globally associates with the promoter regions of actively expressed genes in a heat-dependent fashion. FGT1 interacts with chromatin remodelers of the SWI/ SNF and ISWI families, which also display reduced heat stress memory. Genomic targets of the BRM remodeler overlap significantly with FGT1 targets. Accordingly, nucleosome dynamics at loci with altered maintenance of heat-induced expression are affected in fgt1. Together, our results suggest that by modulating nucleosome occupancy, FGT1 mediates stress-induced chromatin memory. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17061 SN - 2050-084X VL - 5 PB - eLife Sciences Publications CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Budke, Alexandra A1 - Kuckuck, Miriam A1 - Wienecke, Maik ED - Budke, Alexandra ED - Kuckuck, Miriam T1 - Realisierungen der Politischen Bildung im Geographieunterricht BT - Ergebnisse einer Interviewstudie mit Geographielehrkräften JF - Politische Bildung im Geographieunterricht Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-515-11325-0 SN - 978-3-515-11321-2 SP - 155 EP - 165 PB - Steiner CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bull, James K. A1 - Heurich, Marco A1 - Saveljev, Alexander P. A1 - Schmidt, Krzysztof A1 - Fickel, Jörns A1 - Förster, Daniel W. T1 - The effect of reintroductions on the genetic variability in Eurasian lynx populations: the cases of Bohemian-Bavarian and Vosges-Palatinian populations JF - Conservation genetics KW - Lynx KW - Microsatellites KW - Population history KW - Reintroduction Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-016-0839-0 SN - 1566-0621 SN - 1572-9737 VL - 17 SP - 1229 EP - 1234 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Burghardt, Anja T1 - Dokumentarische Kunstwerke BT - Beobachtungen zur Subjektivität in russischen und polnischen Photographien und Reportagen JF - Grenzräume – Grenzbewegungen : Ergebnisse der Arbeitstreffen des Jungen Forums Slavistische Literaturwissenschaft in Basel 2013 und Frankfurt (Oder) und Słubice 2014 ; Bd. 2 Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92953 SN - 978-3-86956-359-6 VL - 2 SP - 25 EP - 40 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Busch, Per-Olof A1 - Liese, Andrea T1 - The authority of international public administrations JF - International Bureaucracy: Challenges and Lessons for Public Administration Research N2 - This chapter takes stock with the research on the authority of international organizations (IOs) and international public administrations (IPAs) in the fields of International Relations (IR) and Public Administration (PA). It combines arguments from conceptual and theoretical debates with empirical findings to explore under which conditions IPAs are likely to enjoy authority. Based on a review of the literature and on conceptual clarifications, we define authority as a social relationship between holders and granters of authority. We distinguish two types of authority, namely, political and expert authority, and two forms of recognition, namely, in practice (de facto) and by formal delegation (de jure). Given that the de facto expert authority of IPAs has received least attention in the literature, while the PA literature reminds us that knowledge lies at the heart of bureaucratic power, we develop propositions on how de facto expert authority could be measured and how the anticipated variation of expert authority among IPAs could be explained. We illustrate our argument with reference to empirical findings in the IR and PA literature. We conclude by highlighting the implications of our discussion for future research on the authority of national and IPAs. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-349-94977-9 SN - 978-1-349-94976-2 SN - 978-1-349-95692-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94977-9_5 SP - 97 EP - 122 PB - Palgrave Macmillan, London CY - Basingstoke ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Busching, Robert A1 - Lutz, Johannes T1 - The Impact of Visual Stereotypes on Judgments about Rape A Reverse-Correlation Approach JF - Swiss Journal of Psychology = Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Psychologie = Revue Suisse de Psychologie N2 - Fragestellung: Es soll die Qualität der Berichterstattung über Suizide und Suizidversuche in deutschsprachigen Jugendmagazinen näher untersucht werden und Veränderungen der Suizidzahlen unter Jugendlichen in Österreich nach dem Erscheinen von Berichten erfasst werden. Methodik: Suizidberichte aus fünf großen deutschsprachigen Jugendmagazinen wurden mithilfe qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse im Hinblick auf Geschlecht, dargestellte Motive, Suizid(versuchs)methoden, positive und negative Darstellungsweisen, Schuldzuweisungen und Abweichungen von Medienempfehlungen zur Berichterstattung über Suizid analysiert. Die Suizidzahlen 2 Wochen vor und nach dem Erscheinen von Suizidberichten wurden verglichen. Ergebnisse: 59 Berichte wurden identifiziert. Die häufigste Berichterstattung zum Thema Suizid fand sich in der Zeitschrift Bravo, wobei es zu einer leichten Überrepräsentation weiblicher Suizide und insgesamt zu einer Unterrepräsentation von Suizidversuchen kam. Entsprechend der Epidemiologie suizidalen Verhaltens wurde Sturz in die Tiefe am häufigsten bei Mädchen und Erhängen bei den Jungen beschrieben. Bei den dargestellten Motiven zeigte sich, dass wichtige Faktoren wie psychiatrische Erkrankungen kaum Erwähnung fanden. Während Suizidentinnen häufig positiv dargestellt wurden, wurden Suizidenten häufiger negativ dargestellt. Implizite Schuldzuweisungen wurden vorwiegend den Eltern zugeschrieben. Es zeigte sich kein Hinweis auf einen Werther-Effekt nach Berichterstattung. Schlussfolgerungen: Die weitgehende Divergenz zwischen der Epidemiologie von Suizidalität Jugendlicher und im deutschsprachigen Raum derzeit vorherrschenden Mediendarstellungen verdeutlicht wichtige Ansatzpunkte für Präventions- und Aufklärungsarbeit in der Bevölkerung. KW - reverse correlation KW - rape myth acceptance KW - rape KW - stereotype KW - stereotype visualization KW - rape judgments KW - defendant liability Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917/a000178 SN - 1421-0185 SN - 1662-0879 VL - 75 SP - 133 EP - 140 PB - Hogrefe CY - Bern ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buschmann, Jana T1 - Netzreise BT - Sich online fortbilden anstelle von Online-Fortbildung JF - Üben & musizieren : Zeitschrift für Instrumentalpädagogik und musikalisches Lernen N2 - Endlich war es soweit: zwei Nächte lang surfen durch das Internet auf der Suche nach empfehlenswerten Online-Fortbildungen für Instrumentallehrkräfte. Mein Spürsinn war geweckt. Allerdings musste ich mich schnell umorientieren, nachdem Stichworte wie „Online-Fortbildung“, ­„digitale Schulung“ und „E-Learning“ bei Suchmaschinen, musikpädagogischen Ins­titutionen und Verbänden weitgehend ins Leere liefen. Woran kann das liegen? Das Internet könnte doch im Gegensatz zu Präsenzfortbildungen ein ortsunabhängiges Fortbilden im geschützten Raum bedienen. Eigene Forschungen* im Kon­text von digitalen Fortbildungen für Musiklehrkräfte an Grundschulen im ländlichen Raum zeigen Schwierigkeiten auf, die dafür ursächlich sein können. Sie bilden den Ausgangspunkt meiner Netzreise. Y1 - 2016 UR - https://uebenundmusizieren.de/artikel/netzreise/ SN - 0174-6065 SN - 2748-8497 IS - 3 SP - 4 EP - 6 PB - Schott CY - Mainz ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buschmann, Stefan A1 - Trapp, Matthias A1 - Döllner, Jürgen Roland Friedrich T1 - Animated visualization of spatial-temporal trajectory data for air-traffic analysis JF - The Visual Computer N2 - With increasing numbers of flights worldwide and a continuing rise in airport traffic, air-traffic management is faced with a number of challenges. These include monitoring, reporting, planning, and problem analysis of past and current air traffic, e.g., to identify hotspots, minimize delays, or to optimize sector assignments to air-traffic controllers. To cope with these challenges, cyber worlds can be used for interactive visual analysis and analytical reasoning based on aircraft trajectory data. However, with growing data size and complexity, visualization requires high computational efficiency to process that data within real-time constraints. This paper presents a technique for real-time animated visualization of massive trajectory data. It enables (1) interactive spatio-temporal filtering, (2) generic mapping of trajectory attributes to geometric representations and appearance, and (3) real-time rendering within 3D virtual environments such as virtual 3D airport or 3D city models. Different visualization metaphors can be efficiently built upon this technique such as temporal focus+context, density maps, or overview+detail methods. As a general-purpose visualization technique, it can be applied to general 3D and 3+1D trajectory data, e.g., traffic movement data, geo-referenced networks, or spatio-temporal data, and it supports related visual analytics and data mining tasks within cyber worlds. KW - Spatio-temporal visualization KW - Trajectory visualization KW - 3D visualization KW - Visual analytics KW - Real-time rendering Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-015-1185-9 SN - 0178-2789 SN - 1432-2315 VL - 32 SP - 371 EP - 381 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buttler, Rahel A1 - Frank, Luis A1 - Stadie, Nicole T1 - Studium trifft Praxis BT - Evidenzbasierung bei der Behandlung von erworbenen Sprachstörungen im externen Praktikum JF - Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie N2 - 1. Einleitung, 2. Informationen zu Probanden, 3. Informationen zur Behandlung, 4. Informationen zur Evaluation, 5. Fazit, 6. Literatur Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99106 SN - 1866-9085 SN - 1866-9433 IS - 9 SP - 215 EP - 218 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bußler, Sara A1 - Rumpold, Birgit A. A1 - Fröhling, Antje A1 - Jander, Elisabeth A1 - Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal A1 - Schlüter, Oliver K. T1 - Cold atmospheric pressure plasma processing of insect flour from Tenebrio molitor: Impact on microbial load and quality attributes in comparison to dry heat treatment JF - Meteoritics & planetary science : journal of the Meteoritical Society N2 - In this study, the applicability of semi-direct cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP) during postharvest processing of Tenebrio molitor flour is investigated. Besides analyzing the decontamination efficacy, plasma induced impact on techno-functionality, protein solubility, composition and structure was determined and compared to heat induced effects. Following CAPP treatment, the total microbial load of the Tenebrio flour of 7.72 log(10) cfu/g was reduced to 7.10 (1 min), 6.72 (2.5 min), 5.79 (5 min), 5.19 (7.5 min), 521 (10 min) and 4.73 (15 min) log(10) cfu/g. With increasing exposure to CAPP, protein solubility at pH 4 almost linearly decreased to a minimum of 54%. Water binding capacity decreased from 0.79 to 0.64 gwatedg whereas oil binding capacity increased from 0.59 to 0.66 g(oil)/g. Gel electrophoresis revealed a decrease of all protein fractions at pH 4 whereas at pH 10 the band pattern significantly shifted to protein fractions with higher molecular weights. Industrial relevance: Edible insects are rich in valuable protein, fat, fibre, minerals and micronutrients. Although a wide range of species represent a valuable alternative protein source that could contribute to food and feed security, they are industrially hardly exploited. The tailored application of proper processing technologies could lead to novel insect-based high-protein food and feed products with unique functional properties supporting the increase in acceptability among potential consumers. Current research concentrates on developing processing chains including innovative nonthermal approaches. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP) has gained attention as an effective technology for the decontamination and modification of fresh and dry agricultural products. In the postharvest chain of edible insects, the application of CAPP could contribute to the development of safe and high-quality insect-based products in the food and feed sector. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. KW - Edible insects KW - Postharvest processing KW - Thermal and nonthermal treatment KW - Inactivation KW - Decontamination KW - Protein functionality and modification Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2016.07.002 SN - 1466-8564 SN - 1878-5522 VL - 36 SP - 277 EP - 286 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bykova, Ksenia A1 - Frank, Ulrike T1 - Spielend Lernen BT - Anwendbarkeit des »Dysphagia Game« zur Vermittlung von Wissen über Symptome, Folgen und den Umgang mit Dysphagie JF - Spektrum Patholinguistik Band 9. Schwerpunktthema: Lauter Laute: Phonologische Verarbeitung und Lautwahrnehmung in der Sprachtherapie N2 - 1. Hintergrund, 2. Das Dysphagia Game, 3. Methode, 4. Ergebnisse, 5. Diskussion, 6. Literatur Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99124 SN - 1866-9085 SN - 1866-9433 IS - 9 SP - 235 EP - 242 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bzymek, Robert A1 - Horsthemke, Markus A1 - Isfort, Katrin A1 - Mohr, Simon A1 - Tjaden, Kerstin A1 - Mueller-Tidow, Carsten A1 - Thomann, Marlies A1 - Schwerdtle, Tanja A1 - Baehler, Martin A1 - Schwab, Albrecht A1 - Hanley, Peter J. T1 - Real-time two- and three-dimensional imaging of monocyte motility and navigation on planar surfaces and in collagen matrices: roles of Rho JF - Scientific reports N2 - We recently found that macrophages from RhoA/RhoB double knockout mice had increased motility of the cell body, but severely impaired retraction of the tail and membrane extensions, whereas RhoA-or RhoB-deficient cells exhibited mild phenotypes. Here we extended this work and investigated the roles of Rho signaling in primary human blood monocytes migrating in chemotactic gradients and in various settings. Monocyte velocity, but not chemotactic navigation, was modestly dependent on Rho-ROCK-myosin II signaling on a 2D substrate or in a loose collagen type I matrix. Viewed by time-lapse epi-fluorescence microscopy, monocytes appeared to flutter rather than crawl, such that the 3D surface topology of individual cells was difficult to predict. Spinning disk confocal microscopy and 3D reconstruction revealed that cells move on planar surfaces and in a loose collagen matrix using prominent, curved planar protrusions, which are rapidly remodeled and reoriented, as well as resorbed. In a dense collagen type I matrix, there is insufficient space for this mode and cells adopt a highly Rho-dependent, lobular mode of motility. Thus, in addition to its role in tail retraction on 2D surfaces, Rho is critical for movement in confined spaces, but is largely redundant for motility and chemotaxis in loose matrices. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25016 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 6 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bär, Christian A1 - Strohmaier, Alexander T1 - A Rigorous Geometric Derivation of the Chiral Anomaly in Curved Backgrounds JF - Communications in mathematical physics N2 - We discuss the chiral anomaly for a Weyl field in a curved background and show that a novel index theorem for the Lorentzian Dirac operator can be applied to describe the gravitational chiral anomaly. A formula for the total charge generated by the gravitational and gauge field background is derived directly in Lorentzian signature and in a mathematically rigorous manner. It contains a term identical to the integrand in the Atiyah-Singer index theorem and another term involving the.-invariant of the Cauchy hypersurfaces. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00220-016-2664-1 SN - 0010-3616 SN - 1432-0916 VL - 347 SP - 703 EP - 721 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bärenzung, Julien A1 - Holschneider, Matthias A1 - Lesur, Vincent T1 - constraints JF - Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth N2 - Prior information in ill-posed inverse problem is of critical importance because it is conditioning the posterior solution and its associated variability. The problem of determining the flow evolving at the Earth's core-mantle boundary through magnetic field models derived from satellite or observatory data is no exception to the rule. This study aims to estimate what information can be extracted on the velocity field at the core-mantle boundary, when the frozen flux equation is inverted under very weakly informative, but realistic, prior constraints. Instead of imposing a converging spectrum to the flow, we simply assume that its poloidal and toroidal energy spectra are characterized by power laws. The parameters of the spectra, namely, their magnitudes, and slopes are unknown. The connection between the velocity field, its spectra parameters, and the magnetic field model is established through the Bayesian formulation of the problem. Working in two steps, we determined the time-averaged spectra of the flow within the 2001–2009.5 period, as well as the flow itself and its associated uncertainties in 2005.0. According to the spectra we obtained, we can conclude that the large-scale approximation of the velocity field is not an appropriate assumption within the time window we considered. For the flow itself, we show that although it is dominated by its equatorial symmetric component, it is very unlikely to be perfectly symmetric. We also demonstrate that its geostrophic state is questioned in different locations of the outer core. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012464 SN - 2169-9313 SN - 2169-9356 VL - 121 SP - 1343 EP - 1364 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Böhne, Sebastian A1 - Kreitz, Christoph A1 - Knobelsdorf, Maria T1 - Mathematisches Argumentieren und Beweisen mit dem Theorembeweiser Coq JF - Commentarii informaticae didacticae (CID) N2 - Informatik-Studierende haben in der Mehrzahl Schwierigkeiten, einen Einstieg in die Theoretische Informatik zu finden und die Leistungsanforderungen in den Endklausuren der zugehörigen Lehrveranstaltungen zu erfüllen. Wir argumentieren, dass dieser Symptomatik mangelnde Kompetenzen im Umgang mit abstrakten und stark formalisierten Themeninhalten zugrunde liegen und schlagen vor, einen Beweisassistenten als interaktives Lernwerkzeug in der Eingangslehre der Theoretischen Informatik zu nutzen, um entsprechende Kompetenzen zu stärken. Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-94824 SN - 978-3-86956-376-3 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 10 SP - 69 EP - 80 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Börner, René T1 - Stets eine Fröhliche Wissenschaft BT - zum Tod des Juristen Georg Küpper JF - Studere : Rechtszeitschrift der Universität Potsdam Y1 - 2016 SN - 1867-6170 VL - 16 SP - 4 EP - 4 PB - studere e.V. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Börnicke, Stefanie A1 - Weimar, Friederike T1 - Kern der Dinge JF - Spurensuche am Neuen Palais : Sechs mörderische Geschichten Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-86299 SN - 978-3-86956-350-3 SP - 35 EP - 73 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Börnicke, Stefanie A1 - Weimar, Friederike T1 - Zurück am Neuen Palais JF - Spurensuche am Neuen Palais : Sechs mörderische Geschichten Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-86321 SN - 978-3-86956-350-3 SP - 93 EP - 111 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cajar, Anke A1 - Engbert, Ralf A1 - Laubrock, Jochen T1 - Spatial frequency processing in the central and peripheral visual field during scene viewing JF - Vision research : an international journal for functional aspects of vision. N2 - Visuospatial attention and gaze control depend on the interaction of foveal and peripheral processing. The foveal and peripheral regions of the visual field are differentially sensitive to parts of the spatial frequency spectrum. In two experiments, we investigated how the selective attenuation of spatial frequencies in the central or the peripheral visual field affects eye-movement behavior during real-world scene viewing. Gaze-contingent low-pass or high-pass filters with varying filter levels (i.e., cutoff frequencies; Experiment 1) or filter sizes (Experiment 2) were applied. Compared to unfiltered control conditions, mean fixation durations increased most with central high-pass and peripheral low-pass filtering. Increasing filter size prolonged fixation durations with peripheral filtering, but not with central filtering. Increasing filter level prolonged fixation durations with low-pass filtering, but not with high-pass filtering. These effects indicate that fixation durations are not always longer under conditions of increased processing difficulty. Saccade amplitudes largely adapted to processing difficulty: amplitudes increased with central filtering and decreased with peripheral filtering; the effects strengthened with increasing filter size and filter level. In addition, we observed a trade-off between saccade timing and saccadic selection, since saccade amplitudes were modulated when fixation durations were unaffected by the experimental manipulations. We conclude that interactions of perception and gaze control are highly sensitive to experimental manipulations of input images as long as the residual information can still be accessed for gaze control. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Eye movements KW - Scene viewing KW - Spatial frequencies KW - Gaze-contingent displays Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2016.05.008 SN - 0042-6989 SN - 1878-5646 VL - 127 SP - 186 EP - 197 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cajar, Anke A1 - Schneeweiss, Paul A1 - Engbert, Ralf A1 - Laubrock, Jochen T1 - Coupling of attention and saccades when viewing scenes with central and peripheral degradation JF - Journal of vision N2 - Degrading real-world scenes in the central or the peripheral visual field yields a characteristic pattern: Mean saccade amplitudes increase with central and decrease with peripheral degradation. Does this pattern reflect corresponding modulations of selective attention? If so, the observed saccade amplitude pattern should reflect more focused attention in the central region with peripheral degradation and an attentional bias toward the periphery with central degradation. To investigate this hypothesis, we measured the detectability of peripheral (Experiment 1) or central targets (Experiment 2) during scene viewing when low or high spatial frequencies were gaze-contingently filtered in the central or the peripheral visual field. Relative to an unfiltered control condition, peripheral filtering induced a decrease of the detection probability for peripheral but not for central targets (tunnel vision). Central filtering decreased the detectability of central but not of peripheral targets. Additional post hoc analyses are compatible with the interpretation that saccade amplitudes and direction are computed in partial independence. Our experimental results indicate that task-induced modulations of saccade amplitudes reflect attentional modulations. KW - scene viewing KW - saccades KW - attention KW - gaze-contingent displays KW - spatial frequencies KW - tunnel vision Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1167/16.2.8 SN - 1534-7362 VL - 16 PB - Association for Research in Vision and Opthalmology CY - Rockville ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cajar, Anke A1 - Schneeweiß, Paul A1 - Engbert, Ralf A1 - Laubrock, Jochen T1 - Coupling of attention and saccades when viewing scenes with central and peripheral degradation JF - Journal of Vision N2 - Degrading real-world scenes in the central or the peripheral visual field yields a characteristic pattern: Mean saccade amplitudes increase with central and decrease with peripheral degradation. Does this pattern reflect corresponding modulations of selective attention? If so, the observed saccade amplitude pattern should reflect more focused attention in the central region with peripheral degradation and an attentional bias toward the periphery with central degradation. To investigate this hypothesis, we measured the detectability of peripheral (Experiment 1) or central targets (Experiment 2) during scene viewing when low or high spatial frequencies were gaze-contingently filtered in the central or the peripheral visual field. Relative to an unfiltered control condition, peripheral filtering induced a decrease of the detection probability for peripheral but not for central targets (tunnel vision). Central filtering decreased the detectability of central but not of peripheral targets. Additional post hoc analyses are compatible with the interpretation that saccade amplitudes and direction are computed in partial independence. Our experimental results indicate that task-induced modulations of saccade amplitudes reflect attentional modulations. KW - scene viewing KW - saccades KW - attention KW - gaze-contingent displays KW - spatial frequencies KW - tunnel vision Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1167/16.2.8 SN - 1534-7362 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - ARVO CY - Rockville, Md. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Calabretto, Roberto T1 - „L’organico risuonare del mondo“ BT - La musica secondo Andrej Tarkovskij JF - Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker – Классик – Classic – Classico : Beiträge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universität Potsdam ; Band 2 Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100441 SN - 978-3-86956-352-7 SP - 339 EP - 364 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Caliendo, Marco A1 - Gehrsitz, Markus T1 - Obesity and the labor market: A fresh look at the weight penalty JF - Inorganics : open access journal KW - Obesity KW - Wages KW - Employment KW - Semiparametric regression KW - Gender differences Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2016.09.004 SN - 1570-677X SN - 1873-6130 VL - 23 SP - 209 EP - 225 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Caliendo, Marco A1 - Kuenn, Steffen A1 - Weißenberger, Martin T1 - Personality traits and the evaluation of start-up subsidies JF - European economic review N2 - Many countries support business start-ups to spur economic growth and reduce unemployment with different programmes. Evaluation studies of such programmes commonly rely on the conditional independence assumption (CIA), allowing a causal interpretation of the results only if all relevant variables affecting participation and success are accounted for. While the entrepreneurship literature has emphasised the important role of personality traits as predictors for start-up decisions and business success, these variables were neglected in evaluation studies so far due to data limitations. In this paper, we evaluate a new start-up subsidy for unemployed individuals in Germany using propensity score matching under the CIA. Having access to rich administrative-survey data allows us to incorporate usually unobserved personality measures in the evaluation and investigate their impact on the estimated effects. We find strong positive effects on labour market reintegration and earned income for the new programme. Most importantly, results including and excluding individuals׳ personalities do not differ significantly, implying that concerns about potential overestimation of programme effects in the absence of personality measures might be less justified if the set of other control variables is rich enough. KW - Start-up subsidies KW - Evaluation KW - Self-employment KW - Personality KW - Treatment effects Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2015.11.008 SN - 0014-2921 SN - 1873-572X VL - 86 SP - 87 EP - 108 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Caliendo, Marco A1 - Künn, Steffen A1 - Uhlendorff, Arne T1 - Earnings exemptions for unemployed workers: The relationship between marginal employment, unemployment duration and job quality JF - Labour economics : an international journal N2 - In some countries including Germany unemployed workers can increase their income by working a few hours per week. The intention is to keep unemployed job seekers attached to the labour market and to increase their job-finding probabilities. To analyze the unemployment dynamics of job seekers with and without marginal employment, we consider an inflow sample into unemployment and estimate multivariate duration models. While we do not find any significant impact on the job finding probability in a model with homogeneous effects, models allowing for time-varying coefficients indicate a decreased job finding probability of marginal employment at the beginning of the unemployment spell and an increased job finding probability for the long-term unemployed. Our results suggest that job seekers with marginal employment find more stable post-unemployment jobs, and we find some evidence that the relationship between marginal employment and wages and employment stability varies with respect to skill levels, sector and labor market tightness. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Marginal employment KW - Mini-job KW - Unemployment duration KW - Job search KW - Employment stability KW - Multivariate duration models Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2016.07.003 SN - 0927-5371 SN - 1879-1034 VL - 42 SP - 177 EP - 193 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Calvano, Claudia A1 - Warschburger, Petra T1 - Chronic Abdominal Pain in Children and Adolescents: Parental Threat Perception Plays a Major Role in Seeking Medical Consultations JF - Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition N2 - Background. Pain symptoms, associated impairment, and parental perception of threat are reported to be predictors of health care utilization (HCU) in childhood chronic abdominal pain (CAP). However, mediating variables and their interrelations have not yet been systematically studied. Objectives. This study aims to identify mediating pathways of influence between child’s abdominal pain and the number of pain-related medical visits. Methods. In a multicenter study, we recruited N = 151 parent-child dyads with children aged 6–17 years suffering from CAP. A composite measure of pain symptoms was defined as predictor and the number of pain-related medical visits as outcome variable. This relation was analyzed by serial mediation, including child- and parent-reported impairment and parental threat perception as mediators. Results. Only parental threat perception significantly linked child’s pain symptoms to the number of medical visits. Measures of impairment did not have a significant effect. Conclusions. Parental pain-related threat perception is strongly related to health care seeking in childhood CAP. Addressing threat perception might be a fruitful parent-centered approach in clinical practice. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3183562 SN - 1203-6765 SN - 1918-1523 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Hindawi Publishing Corp. CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Candan, O. A1 - Akal, C. A1 - Koralay, O. E. A1 - Okay, A. I. A1 - Oberhänsli, Roland A1 - Prelevic, D. A1 - Mertz-Kraus, R. T1 - Carboniferous granites on the northern margin of Gondwana, Anatolide-Tauride Block, Turkey - Evidence for southward subduction of Paleotethys JF - Tectonophysics : international journal of geotectonics and the geology and physics of the interior of the earth N2 - Carboniferous metagranites with U-Pb zircon crystallization ages of 331-315 Ma crop out in the Afyon zone in the northern margin of the Anatolide-Tauride Block, which is commonly regarded as part of Gondwana during the Late Palaeozoic. They are peraluminous, calc-alkaline and are characterized by increase in Rb and Ba, decrease in Nb-Ta, and enrichment in Sr and high LILE/HFSE ratios compatible with a continental arc setting. The metagranites intrude a metasedimentary sequence of phyllite, metaquartzite and marble; both the Carboniferous metagranites and metasedimentary rocks are overlain unconformably by Lower Triassic metaconglomerates, metavolcanics and Upper Triassic to Cretaceous recrystallized limestones. The low-grade metamorphism and deformation occurred at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. There is no evidence for Carboniferous deformation and metamorphism in the region. Carboniferous arc-type granites and previously described Carboniferous subduction-accretion complexes on the northern margin of the Anatolide-Tauride Block suggest southward subduction of Paleotethys under Gondwana during the Carboniferous. Considering the Variscan-related arc granites in Pelagonian and Sakarya zones on the active southern margin of Laurasia, a dual subduction of Paleotethys can be envisaged between Early Carboniferous and Late Permian. However, the southward subduction was short-lived and by the Late Permian the Gondwana margin became passive. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Carboniferous magmatism KW - Paleotethys KW - Gondwana KW - Afyon zone KW - Anatolide-Tauride Block Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2016.06.030 SN - 0040-1951 SN - 1879-3266 VL - 683 SP - 349 EP - 366 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Candan, O. A1 - Koralay, O. E. A1 - Topuz, G. A1 - Oberhänsli, Roland A1 - Fritz, H. A1 - Collins, A. S. A1 - Chen, F. T1 - Late Neoproterozoic gabbro emplacement followed by early Cambrian eclogite-facies metamorphism in the Menderes Massif (W. Turkey): Implications on the final assembly of Gondwana JF - Gondwana research : international geoscience journal ; official journal of the International Association for Gondwana Research N2 - Numerous (meta-)gabbroic dikes or stocks occur within the latest Neoproterozoic-early Cambrian series of the Menderes Massif (Anatolide-Tauride Block, western Turkey). These well-preserved rocks were locally converted into eclogitic metagabbros and garnet amphibolites along the contacts or shear zones. Both bulk-rock composition and compositions of igneous clinopyroxenes suggest continental tholeiitic affinity. U-Pb dating of igneous zircons from gabbroic rocks yielded a mean age of 563 +/- 1 Ma (2 sigma), indicating emplacement during the latest Neoproterozoic (Ediacaran). On the other hand, rims of zircons from eclogitic metagabbro gave 535 +/- 3 Ma (2 sigma) (early Cambrian), in addition to 558 +/- 3 Ma (2 sigma) obtained from the igneous core of zircons. These ages are interpreted as the time of high-P metamorphism and crystallization age of gabbroic protolith, respectively. Given the estimated paleogeographic position of the Anatolide-Tauride Block during the late Neoproterozoic and early Cambrian, this orogenic event can be spatially and temporally related to the northward continuity of 600-500 Ma orogenic event (Malagasy/Kuunga orogeny) extending from western margin of India, Madagascar, via Arabia up to northern margin of Gondwana beneath thick Phanerozoic cover series in Arabian Peninsula. Therefore, the high-P evolution of the basement of the Menderes Massif and associated basic intrusions can be interpreted to mark the latest stages of consumption of the basin/oceanic branches and final amalgamation of the Gondwana during the late Neoproterozoic-early Cambrian around the Arabian region. (C) 2015 International Association for Gondwana Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Gabbro KW - Eclogite KW - Malagasy/Kuunga orogeny KW - Menderes Massif KW - Turkey Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2015.02.015 SN - 1342-937X SN - 1878-0571 VL - 34 SP - 158 EP - 173 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carus, Jana A1 - Paul, Maike A1 - Schroeder, Boris T1 - Vegetation as self-adaptive coastal protection: Reduction of current velocity and morphologic plasticity of a brackish marsh pioneer JF - Ecology and evolution N2 - By reducing current velocity, tidal marsh vegetation can diminish storm surges and storm waves. Conversely, currents often exert high mechanical stresses onto the plants and hence affect vegetation structure and plant characteristics. In our study, we aim at analysing this interaction from both angles. On the one hand, we quantify the reduction of current velocity by Bolboschoenus maritimus, and on the other hand, we identify functional traits of B. maritimus’ ramets along environmental gradients. Our results show that tidal marsh vegetation is able to buffer a large proportion of the flow velocity at currents under normal conditions. Cross-shore current velocity decreased with distance from the marsh edge and was reduced by more than 50% after 15 m of vegetation. We were furthermore able to show that plants growing at the marsh edge had a significantly larger diameter than plants from inside the vegetation. We found a positive correlation between plant thickness and cross-shore current which could provide an adaptive value in habitats with high mechanical stress. With the adapted morphology of plants growing at the highly exposed marsh edge, the entire vegetation belt is able to better resist the mechanical stress of high current velocities. This self-adaptive effect thus increases the ability of B. maritimus to grow and persist in the pioneer zone and may hence better contribute to ecosystem-based coastal protection by reducing current velocity. KW - Adaptive value KW - Bolboschoenus maritimus KW - brackish marsh KW - flow velocity KW - mechanical pressure KW - morphological adaptation KW - phenotypic plasticity KW - pioneer zone Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1904 SN - 2045-7758 VL - 6 SP - 1579 EP - 1589 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cassel, Michael A1 - Carlsohn, Anja A1 - Fröhlich, Katja A1 - John, Mareike A1 - Riegels, N. A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Tendon Adaptation to Sport-specific Loading in Adolescent Athletes JF - International journal of sports medicine N2 - Tendon adaptation due to mechanical loading is controversially discussed. However, data concerning the development of tendon thickness in adolescent athletes is sparse. The purpose of this study was to examine possible differences in Achilles (AT) and patellar tendon (PT) thickness in adolescent athletes while considering age, gender and sport-specific loading. In 500 adolescent competitive athletes of 16 different sports and 40 recreational controls both ATs and PTs were sonographically measured. Subjects were divided into 2 age groups (< 13; ≥ 13 years) and 6 sport type categories (ball, combat, and water sports, combined disciplines, cycling, controls). In addition, 3 risk groups (low, moderate, high) were created according to the athlete’s risk of developing tendinopathy. AT and PT thickness did not significantly differ between age groups (AT/PT:<13: 5.4±0.7 mm/3.6±0.5 mm;≥13: 5.3±0.7 mm/3.6±0.5 mm). In both age groups males presented higher tendon thickness than females (p<0.001). AT thickness was highest in ball sports/cyclists and lowest in controls (p≤0.002). PT thickness was greatest in water sports and lowest in controls (p=0.02). High risk athletes presented slightly higher AT thickness compared to the low risk group (p=0.03). Increased AT and PT thickness in certain sport types compared to controls supports the hypothesis of structural tendon adaptation due to sport-specific loading. KW - achilles and patellar tendon KW - training adaptation KW - tendon thickness KW - standard values KW - sonography Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1559772 SN - 0172-4622 SN - 1439-3964 VL - 37 SP - 159 EP - 164 PB - Thieme CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Castino, Fabiana A1 - Bookhagen, Bodo A1 - Strecker, Manfred T1 - River-discharge dynamics in the Southern Central Andes and the 1976-77 global climate shift JF - Geophysical research letters N2 - Recent studies have shown that the 1976-77 global climate shift strongly affected the South American climate. In our study, we observed a link between this climate shift and river-discharge variability in the subtropical Southern Central Andes. We analyzed the daily river-discharge time series between 1940 and 1999 from small to medium mountain drainage basins (10(2)-10(4) km(2) ) across a steep climatic and topographic gradient. We document that the discharge frequency distribution changed significantly, with higher percentiles exhibiting more pronounced trends. A change point between 1971 and 1977 marked an intensification of the hydrological cycle, which resulted in increased river discharge. In the upper Rio Bermejo basin of the northernmost Argentine Andes, the mean annual discharge increased by 40% over 7 years. Our findings are important for flood risk management in areas impacted by the 1976-77 climate shift; discharge frequency distribution analysis provides important insights into the variability of the hydrological cycle in the Andean realm. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL070868 SN - 0094-8276 SN - 1944-8007 VL - 43 SP - 11679 EP - 11687 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cattiaux, Patrick A1 - Fradon, Myriam A1 - Kulik, Alexei M. A1 - Roelly, Sylvie T1 - Long time behavior of stochastic hard ball systems JF - Bernoulli : official journal of the Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability N2 - We study the long time behavior of a system of n = 2, 3 Brownian hard balls, living in R-d for d >= 2, submitted to a mutual attraction and to elastic collisions. KW - hard core interaction KW - local time KW - Lyapunov function KW - normal reflection KW - Poincare inequality KW - reversible measure KW - stochastic differential equations Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3150/14-BEJ672 SN - 1350-7265 SN - 1573-9759 VL - 22 SP - 681 EP - 710 PB - International Statistical Institute CY - Voorburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Caus, Esmeralda A1 - Frijia, Gianluca A1 - Parente, Mariano A1 - Robles-Salcedo, Raquel A1 - Villalonga, Raquel T1 - Constraining the age of the last marine sediments in the late Cretaceous of central south Pyrenees (NE Spain): Insights from larger benthic foraminifera and strontium isotope stratigraphy JF - Cretaceous research N2 - The uppermost Cretaceous (upper Campanian-Maastrichtian) marine deposits of the central south Pyrenees host a rich larger benthic foraminiferal fauna and several rudist-rich levels. These marine deposits are directly overlain by the continental facies of the Aren and Tremp Formations, which are famous for their fossil dinosaur remains. Larger benthic foraminiferal distribution documents an important faunal turnover in all the carbonate platform environments within the photic zone, from open marine to littoral areas. Biostratigraphy indicates that this turnover occurred close to the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary. This is also confirmed by strontium isotope stratigraphy which indicates an earliest Maastrichtian age for the appearance of the larger benthic foraminiferal assemblage constituted by Lepidorbitoides socialis, Clypeorbis mammillata, Wannierina cataluniensis, Orbitoides gruenbachensis, Siderolites aff. calcitrapoides, Fascispira colomi, Omphalocyclus macroporus and Laffiteina mengaudi. In particular, a numerical age of 71 Ma is obtained for the Hippurites radiosus level, just a few meters below the first continental deposits of the Aren sensu stricto Formation. The youngest marine sediments of the central south Pyrenees are early Maastrichtian in age. This is also an important constraint for the age of the end-Cretaceous dinosaur fossil localities of the Tremp basin. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Larger benthic foraminifera KW - Strontium isotope stratigraphy KW - Late Cretaceous KW - Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary KW - Tremp basin KW - Pyrenees KW - NE Spain Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2015.05.012 SN - 0195-6671 SN - 1095-998X VL - 57 SP - 402 EP - 413 PB - Elsevier CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cazelles, R. A1 - Lalaoui, N. A1 - Hartmann, Tobias A1 - Leimkühler, Silke A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Antonietti, Markus A1 - Cosnier, S. T1 - Ready to use bioinformatics analysis as a tool to predict immobilisation strategies for protein direct electron transfer (DET) JF - Polymer : the international journal for the science and technology of polymers KW - Bioinformatic KW - Bioelectrocatalysis KW - Electron transfer KW - Dehydrogenase KW - Nicotinamide Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2016.04.078 SN - 0956-5663 SN - 1873-4235 VL - 85 SP - 90 EP - 95 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cecconello, Manuele T1 - La forma del tempo BT - Tempo e temporalità nel cinema di Andrej Tarkovskij JF - Andrej Tarkovskij: Klassiker – Классик – Classic – Classico : Beiträge zum internationalen Tarkovskij-Symposium an der Universität Potsdam ; Band 1 Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95635 SN - 978-3-86956-351-0 SP - 267 EP - 293 PB - Universität Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cepakova, Zuzana A1 - Hrouzek, Pavel A1 - Ziskova, Eva A1 - Nuyanzina-Boldareva, Ekaterina A1 - Sorf, Michal A1 - Kozlikova-Zapomelova, Eliska A1 - Salka, Ivette A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter A1 - Koblizek, Michal T1 - High turnover rates of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs in European freshwater lakes JF - Environmental microbiology N2 - Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophic (AAP) bacteria are bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) a -containing organisms which use light energy to supplement their predominantly heterotrophic metabolism. Here, we investigated mortality and growth rates of AAP bacteria in three different freshwater lakes in Central Europe: the mountain lake Plesne, the oligo-mesotrophic Lake Stechlin and the forest pond Huntov. The mortality of AAP bacteria was estimated from diel changes of BChl a fluorescence. Net and gross growth rates were calculated from the increases in AAP cell numbers. The gross growth rates of AAP bacteria ranged from 0.38 to 5.6 d(-1), with the highest values observed during summer months. Simultaneously, the rapidly growing AAP cells have to cope with an intense grazing pressure by both zooplankton and protists. The presented results document that during the day, gross growth usually surpased mortality. Our results indicate that AAP bacteria utilize light energy under natural conditions to maintain rapid growth rates, which are balanced by a generally intense grazing pressure. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13475 SN - 1462-2912 SN - 1462-2920 VL - 18 SP - 5063 EP - 5071 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER -