TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bozzo, Enrico
A1  - Bhalerao, V.
A1  - Pradhan, Prajal
A1  - Tomsick, J.
A1  - Romano, Patrizia
A1  - Ferrigno, Carlo
A1  - Chaty, S.
A1  - Oskinova, Lida
A1  - Manousakis, A.
A1  - Walter, R.
A1  - Falanga, M.
A1  - Campana, S.
A1  - Stella, L.
A1  - Ramolla, M.
A1  - Chini, R.
T1  - Multi-wavelength observations of IGR J17544-2619 from quiescence to outburst
JF  - Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface
N2  - In this paper we report on a long multi-wavelength observational campaign of the supergiant fast X-ray transient prototype IGR J17544-2619. A 150 ks-long observation was carried out simultaneously with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR, catching the source in an initial faint X-ray state and then undergoing a bright X-ray outburst lasting approximately 7 ks. We studied the spectral variability during outburst and quiescence by using a thermal and bulk Comptonization model that is typically adopted to describe the X-ray spectral energy distribution of young pulsars in high mass X-ray binaries. Although the statistics of the collected X-ray data were relatively high, we could neither confirm the presence of a cyclotron line in the broad-band spectrum of the source (0.5-40 keV), nor detect any of the previously reported tentative detections of the source spin period. The monitoring carried out with Swift/XRT during the same orbit of the system observed by XMM-Newton and NuSTAR revealed that the source remained in a low emission state for most of the time, in agreement with the known property of all supergiant fast X-ray transients being significantly sub-luminous compared to other supergiant X-ray binaries. Optical and infrared observations were carried out for a total of a few thousand seconds during the quiescence state of the source detected by XMM-Newton and NuSTAR. The measured optical and infrared magnitudes were slightly lower than previous values reported in the literature, but compatible with the known micro-variability of supergiant stars. UV observations obtained with the UVOT telescope on-board Swift did not reveal significant changes in the magnitude of the source in this energy domain compared to previously reported values.
KW  - X-rays: binaries
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629311
SN  - 1432-0746
VL  - 596
PB  - EDP Sciences
CY  - Les Ulis
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hic, Ceren
A1  - Pradhan, Prajal
A1  - Rybski, Diego
A1  - Kropp, Jürgen
T1  - Food Surplus and Its Climate Burdens
JF  - Geological Society of America bulletin
N2  - Avoiding food loss and waste may counteract the increasing food demand and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the agricultural sector. This is crucial because of limited options available to increase food production. In the year 2010, food availability was 20% higher than was required on a global scale. Thus, a more sustainable food production and adjusted consumption would have positive environmental effects. This study provides a systematic approach to estimate consumer level food waste on a country scale and globally, based on food availability and requirements. The food requirement estimation considers demographic development, body weights, and physical activity levels. Surplus between food availability and requirements of a given country is considered as food waste. The global food requirement changed from 2,300 kcal/cap/day to 2,400 kcal/cap/day during the last 50 years, while food surplus grew from 310 kcal/cap/day to 510 kcal/cap/day. Similarly, GHG emissions related to the food surplus increased from 130 Mt CO2eq/yr to 530 Mt CO2eq/yr, an increase of more than 300%. Moreover, the global food surplus may increase up to 850 kcal/cap/day, while the total food requirement will increase only by 2%-20% by 2050. Consequently, GHG emissions associated with the food waste may also increase tremendously to 1.9-2.5 Gt CO2eq/yr.
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b05088
SN  - 0013-936X
SN  - 1520-5851
VL  - 50
SP  - 4269
EP  - 4277
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  -