TY - RPRT A1 - Barkholdt, Janina A1 - Kulaga, Julian T1 - Analytical Presentation of the Comments and Observations by States on Draft Article 7, Paragraph 1, of the ILC Draft Articles on Immunity of State Officials From Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction, United Nations General Assembly, Sixth Committee, 2017 T2 - KFG Working Paper Series N2 - During its sessions in 2016 and 2017 the UN International Law Commission (ILC) debated the question whether the immunity of State officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction is subject to exceptions for international crimes and provisionally adopted a Draft Article 7 on immunity ratione materiae. The following analytical presentation classifies and documents the reactions of States to draft article 7, paragraph 1, as they have been expressed in the Sixth (Legal) Committee of the General Assembly in 2017. T3 - KFG Working Paper Series - 14 Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-422128 SN - 2509-3770 SN - 2509-3762 IS - 14 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Barnes, Jan A1 - Kennewell, Steve T1 - Teacher Perceptions of Key Competencies in ICT JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - Regardless of what is intended by government curriculum specifications and advised by educational experts, the competencies taught and learned in and out of classrooms can vary considerably. In this paper, we discuss in particular how we can investigate the perceptions that individual teachers have of competencies in ICT, and how these and other factors may influence students’ learning. We report case study research which identifies contradictions within the teaching of ICT competencies as an activity system, highlighting issues concerning the object of the curriculum, the roles of the participants and the school cultures. In a particular case, contradictions in the learning objectives between higher order skills and the use of application tools have been resolved by a change in the teacher’s perceptions which have not led to changes in other aspects of the activity system. We look forward to further investigation of the effects of these contradictions in other case studies and on forthcoming curriculum change. KW - ICT competencies KW - Teacher perceptions KW - Activity Theory KW - Contradictions Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82604 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 61 EP - 75 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baron, Frank T1 - From Alexander von Humboldt to Frederic Edwin Church BT - Voyages of Scientific Exploration and Creativity JF - HIN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies N2 - Stephen Jay Gould wrote recently that “when Church began to paint his great canvases, Alexander von Humboldt may well have been the world’s most famous and influential intellectual.” Humboldt’s influence in the case of the landscape artist Church is especially interesting. If we examine the precise relationship between the German explorer and his American admirer, we gain an insight into how Humboldt transformed Church’s life and signaled a new phase in the career of the artist. Church retraced Humboldt’s travels in Ecuador and in Mexico. If we compare the texts available to Church and the comparison of Church’s paintings and the texts and images of Humboldt’s works we can arrive at new perspectives on Humboldt’s extraordinary influence on American landscape painting in the nineteenth century. N2 - Der amerikanische Wissenschaftshistoriker Stephen Jay Gould stellte fest, daß Alexander von Humboldt um die Mitte des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts vielleicht der berühmteste und einflußreichste Intellektuelle gewesen sei. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt bietet Humboldts Einfluß auf den Landschaftsmaler Church einen besonders interessanten Fall. Wenn wir die Beziehungen zwischen dem deutschen Entdeckungsreisenden und seinem amerikanischen Bewunderer näher betrachten, erfahren wir, wie die Impulse von Humboldt das Leben und die Karriere des Künstlers in ganz neue Richtungen führten. Church besuchte mehrere von Humboldt beschriebene Orte in Ekuador und Mexiko. Der Vergleich der veröffentlichten Texte und Abbildungen Humboldts mit den Gemälden von Church liefert neue Perspektiven, in welcher Weise Humboldt die amerikanische Landschaftsmalerei des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts beeinflußt hat. N2 - El historiador norteamericano Stephen Jay Gould afirmó que Alexander von Humboldt fue posiblemente el más famoso e influyente intelectual a mediados del siglo XIX. Para ese entonces, la influencia de Humboldt sobre el paisajista Church ofrece un caso especialmente interesante. Si analizamos las relaciones entre el explorador alemán y su admirador norteamericano con mayor detalle, nos enteramos cómo los impulsos de Humboldt llevaron la vida y carrera del artista por carriles totalmente nuevos. Church visitó varios de los lugares descritos por Humboldt en Ecuador y México. La comparación de los textos e ilustraciones publicados de Humboldt con las pinturas de Church ofrece nuevas perspectivas acerca de la extraordinaria influencia de Humboldt en la pintura paisajista norteamericana del siglo XIX. KW - bildende Kunst KW - Humboldt als Vorbild KW - Frederic Edwin Church Y1 - 2005 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-35194 SN - 1617-5239 SN - 2568-3543 VL - VI IS - 10 SP - 7 EP - 20 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Barthélemy, François T1 - Finite-state compilation of feature structures for two-level morphology N2 - This paper describes a two-level formalism where feature structures are used in contextual rules. Whereas usual two-level grammars describe rational sets over symbol pairs, this new formalism uses tree structured regular expressions. They allow an explicit and precise definition of the scope of feature structures. A given surface form may be described using several feature structures. Feature unification is expressed in contextual rules using variables, like in a unification grammar. Grammars are compiled in finite state multi-tape transducers. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27120 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bartle, Richard T1 - When openness closes : the line between play and design N2 - One of the informal properties often used to describe a new virtual world is its degree of openness. Yet what is an “open” virtual world? Does the phrase mean generally the same thing to different people? What distinguishes an open world from a less open world? Why does openness matter anyway? The answers to these questions cast light on an important, but shadowy, and uneasy, topic for virtual worlds: the relationship between those who construct the virtual, and those who use these constructions. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-24536 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bauman, Zygmunt T1 - Local Orders, Global Chaos JF - Geographische Revue : Zeitschrift für Literatur und Diskussion Y1 - 1999 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-23782 SN - 1438-3039 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 64 EP - 72 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bayer, Josef T1 - On uninterpretable features JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432507 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 231 EP - 241 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bechtold, Sander A1 - Hogendoorn, Thirza A1 - Kohútová, Vivien A1 - Potočanová, Katarína T1 - Deepening understanding JF - Potsdamer geographische Praxis N2 - 1. Key concepts 2. What students should have done 3. What students did 4. Deepening understanding 5. General description of deepening understanding 6. Why is deepening understanding an important stage? 7. How does deepening understanding occur in the lessons and some examples 8. Possible difficulties 9. Conclusion KW - Europäische Werteerziehung KW - Familie KW - Lehrevaluation KW - Studierendenaustausch KW - Unterrichtseinheiten KW - Curriculum Framework KW - European values education KW - Family KW - lesson evaluation KW - student exchange KW - teaching units KW - curriculum framework Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66011 SN - 2194-1599 SN - 2194-1602 IS - 3 SP - 105 EP - 110 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beck, Christian ED - Ambühl, Annemarie ED - Carlà-Uhink, Filippo ED - Rollinger, Christian ED - Walde, Christine T1 - Review of Hamish Williams: Tolkien and the Classical World BT - Walking Tree Publishers (Zurich/Jena 2021) (= Cormarë Series No. 45), 414 pp . ISBN: 978-3-905703-45-0, 44 € JF - thersites 15 Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.34679/thersites.vol15.230 SN - 2364-7612 VL - 2022 IS - 15 SP - 314 EP - 320 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beck, Michael A1 - Hildebrandt, Niko A1 - Löhmannsröben, Hans-Gerd T1 - Quantum dots as acceptors in FRET-assays containing serum N2 - Quantum dots (QDs) are common as luminescing markers for imaging in biological applications because their optical properties seem to be inert against their surrounding solvent. This, together with broad and strong absorption bands and intense, sharp tuneable luminescence bands, makes them interesting candidates for methods utilizing Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), e. g. for sensitive homogeneous fluoroimmunoassays (FIA). In this work we demonstrate energy transfer from Eu3+-trisbipyridin (Eu-TBP) donors to CdSe-ZnS-QD acceptors in solutions with and without serum. The QDs are commercially available CdSe-ZnS core-shell particles emitting at 655 nm (QD655). The FRET system was achieved by the binding of the streptavidin conjugated donors with the biotin conjugated acceptors. After excitation of Eu-TBP and as result of the energy transfer, the luminescence of the QD655 acceptors also showed lengthened decay times like the donors. The energy transfer efficiency, as calculated from the decay times of the bound and the unbound components, amounted to 37%. The Förster-radius, estimated from the absorption and emission bands, was ca. 77 Å. The effective binding ratio, which not only depends on the ratio of binding pairs but also on unspecific binding, was obtained from the donor emission dependent on the concentration. As serum promotes unspecific binding, the overall FRET efficiency of the assay was reduced. We conclude that QDs are good substitutes for acceptors in FRET if combined with slow decay donors like Europium. The investigation of the influence of the serum provides guidance towards improving binding properties of QD assays. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 019 KW - Quantenpunkt KW - Lumineszenz KW - Serum KW - Europium KW - Immunoassay KW - Energietransfer KW - Fluoreszenz-Resonanz-Energie-Transfer KW - Förster-Resonanz-Energie-Transfer KW - Quantum Dot KW - Luminescence KW - Serum KW - Europium KW - Immunoassay KW - Energy Transfer KW - FRET Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9504 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Becker, Andrew C. A1 - Bomans, Dominik J. A1 - Weis, K. T1 - Finding new Wolf-Rayet stars in the Magellanic Clouds JF - Wolf-Rayet Stars : Proceedings of an International Workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 1.–5. June 2015 N2 - Obtaining a complete census of massive, evolved stars in a galaxy would be a key ingredient for testing stellar evolution models. However, as the evolution of stars is also strongly dependent on their metallicity, it is inevitable to have this kind of data for a variety of galaxies with different metallicities. Between 2009 and 2011, we conducted the Magellanic Clouds Massive Stars and Feedback Survey (MSCF); a spatially complete, multi-epoch, broad- and narrow-band optical imaging survey of the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. With the inclusion of shallow images, we are able to give a complete photometric catalog of stars between B ≈ 18 and B ≈ 19 mag. These observations were augmented with additional photometric data of similar spatial res- olution from UV to IR (e.g. from GALEX, 2MASS and Spitzer) in order to sample a large portion of the spectral energy distribution of the brightest stars (B < 16 mag) in the Magel- lanic Clouds. Using these data, were are able to train a machine learning algorithm that gives us a good estimate of the spectral type of tens of thousands of stars. This method can be applied to the search for Wolf-Rayet-Stars to obtain a sample of candi- dates for follow-up observations. As this approach can, in principle, be adopted for any resolved galaxy as long as sufficient photometric data is available, it can form an effective alternative method to the classical strategies (e.g. He II filter imaging). Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-87618 SP - 47 EP - 50 ER - TY - THES A1 - Behrens, Ricarda T1 - Causes for slow weathering and erosion in the steep, warm, monsoon-subjected Highlands of Sri Lanka T1 - Ursache von langsamer Verwitterung und Erosion im steilen, warmen und Monsun-beeinflussten Hochland von Sri Lanka N2 - In the Highlands of Sri Lanka, erosion and chemical weathering rates are among the lowest for global mountain denudation. In this tropical humid setting, highly weathered deep saprolite profiles have developed from high-grade metamorphic charnockite during spheroidal weathering of the bedrock. The spheroidal weathering produces rounded corestones and spalled rindlets at the rock-saprolite interface. I used detailed textural, mineralogical, chemical, and electron-microscopic (SEM, FIB, TEM) analyses to identify the factors limiting the rate of weathering front advance in the profile, the sequence of weathering reactions, and the underlying mechanisms. The first mineral attacked by weathering was found to be pyroxene initiated by in situ Fe oxidation, followed by in situ biotite oxidation. Bulk dissolution of the primary minerals is best described with a dissolution – re-precipitation process, as no chemical gradients towards the mineral surface and sharp structural boundaries are observed at the nm scale. Only the local oxidation in pyroxene and biotite is better described with an ion by ion process. The first secondary phases are oxides and amorphous precipitates from which secondary minerals (mainly smectite and kaolinite) form. Only for biotite direct solid state transformation to kaolinite is likely. The initial oxidation of pyroxene and biotite takes place in locally restricted areas and is relatively fast: log J = -11 molmin/(m2 s). However, calculated corestone-scale mineral oxidation rates are comparable to corestone-scale mineral dissolution rates: log R = -13 molpx/(m2 s) and log R = -15 molbt/(m2 s). The oxidation reaction results in a volume increase. Volumetric calculations suggest that this observed oxidation leads to the generation of porosity due to the formation of micro-fractures in the minerals and the bedrock allowing for fluid transport and subsequent dissolution of plagioclase. At the scale of the corestone, this fracture reaction is responsible for the larger fractures that lead to spheroidal weathering and to the formation of rindlets. Since these fractures have their origin from the initial oxidational induced volume increase, oxidation is the rate limiting parameter for weathering to take place. The ensuing plagioclase weathering leads to formation of high secondary porosity in the corestone over a distance of only a few cm and eventually to the final disaggregation of bedrock to saprolite. As oxidation is the first weathering reaction, the supply of O2 is a rate-limiting factor for chemical weathering. Hence, the supply of O2 and its consumption at depth connects processes at the weathering front with erosion at the surface in a feedback mechanism. The strength of the feedback depends on the relative weight of advective versus diffusive transport of O2 through the weathering profile. The feedback will be stronger with dominating diffusive transport. The low weathering rate ultimately depends on the transport of O2 through the whole regolith, and on lithological factors such as low bedrock porosity and the amount of Fe-bearing primary minerals. In this regard the low-porosity charnockite with its low content of Fe(II) bearing minerals impedes fast weathering reactions. Fresh weatherable surfaces are a pre-requisite for chemical weathering. However, in the case of the charnockite found in the Sri Lankan Highlands, the only process that generates these surfaces is the fracturing induced by oxidation. Tectonic quiescence in this region and low pre-anthropogenic erosion rate (attributed to a dense vegetation cover) minimize the rejuvenation of the thick and cohesive regolith column, and lowers weathering through the feedback with erosion. N2 - Erosions- und chemische Verwitterungsraten im srilankischen Hochland gehören zu den langsamsten der globalen Gebirgsdenudationsraten. In diesem tropischen, humiden Gebiet entwickelten sich mächtige Verwitterungsprofile – sogenannte Saprolite – auf spheroidal verwittertem, hochgradig metamorphen Charnockit. Spheroidale Verwitterung führt zu abgerundeten „corestones“ mit abgesplitterten Rinden („rindlets“) an der Gesteins – Saprolit Grenze. Zur Identifizierung der ratenlimitierenden Faktoren des Fortschreiten der Verwitterungsfront, der Sequenz der Verwitterungsreaktionen und der dahinterliegenden Mechanismen nutzte ich detaillierte gesteinsstrukturelle, mineralogische, chemische und elektronenmikroskopische (SEM, FIB, TEM) Analysemethoden. Die initiale Verwitterung beginnt mit lokal begrenzter in situ Oxidation in Pyroxen, gefolgt von in situ Oxidation von Biotit. Die Auflösung der Minerale wird am besten durch einen Auflöse – Wiederausfällungs-prozess beschrieben, da zur Mineralgrenze hin keine chemischen Gradienten, dafür aber auf der nm-Skala scharfe strukturelle Grenzen zu beobachten sind. Die ersten ausfallenden Sekundärphasen sind Oxide und amorphe Phasen aus denen sich Sekundärmineral (hauptsächlich Smectit und Kaolinit) bilden. Für Biotit ist auch eine direkte Umwandlung im Festzustand zu Kaolinit möglich. Die initiale Pyroxen- und Biotitoxidation ist relativ schnell: log J = -11 molmin/(m2 s). Berechnete Oxidationsraten auf der corestone-Skala (cm) sind vergleichbar zu Auflöseraten auf derselben Skala: log R = -13 molpx/(m2 s) und log R = -15 molbt/(m2 s). Volumetrische Berechnungen führen zum Schluss, dass die Oxidation mit einhergehender Volumenzunahme zur Entwicklung von Mikrofrakturen in den Mineralen und dem Gesamtgestein führt. Diese begünstigen Fluidtransport und damit einhergehende Plagioklasverwitterung. Des Weiteren ist diese Oxidationsreaktion verantwortlich für die Entstehung der Frakturen bei spheroidaler Verwitterung des Gesteins, welche die „rindlets“ vom „corestone“ abgrenzen. Daraus kann geschlossen werden, dass in situ Oxidation der ratenlimitierende Prozess bei der Verwitterung ist. Plagioklasverwitterung führt zu einer hohen Porositätszunahme und der endgültigen Umwandlung von Gestein zu Saprolit. Da Oxidation die erste Verwitterungsreaktion ist, verbinden die Zuführung und der Verbrauch von O2 zur, beziehungsweise an die Verwitterungsfront Erosion an der Oberfläche mit Prozessen an der Verwitterungsfront über einen Feedbackmechanismus. Daher hängt die langsame Verwitterungsrate letztlich vom Sauerstofftransport durch das Verwitterungsprofil und von lithologischen Faktoren des Charnockit wie zum Beispiel geringe Gesteinsporosität und/oder wenige Fe(II)-haltige Primärminerale ab. Des Weiteren ist der einzige Prozess im Charnockit der frische verwitterbare Oberflächen (eine Voraussetzung für chemische Verwitterung) generiert die oxidations-induzierte Frakturierung. Darüber hinaus minimieren die Abwesenheit von tektonischer Aktivität und geringe prä-anthropogene Erosionsraten in dieser Region den Abtrag des mächtigen und kohäsiven Verwitterungsprofils und somit über den beschriebenen Feedback auch die chemische Verwitterungsrate. KW - Sri Lanka KW - chemical weathering KW - erosion KW - saprolite KW - weathering feedback KW - charnockite KW - critical zone KW - mineral weathering reactions KW - Sri Lanka KW - chemische Verwitterung KW - Erosion KW - Saprolit KW - Verwitterungsfeedback KW - Charnockit KW - kritische Zone KW - Mineralverwitterungsreaktionen Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-408503 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beirne, Elaine A1 - Nic Giolla Mhichíl, Mairéad A1 - Brown, Mark A1 - Mac Lochlainn, Conchúr T1 - Confidence Counts BT - Fostering Online Learning Self-Efficacy with a MOOC JF - EMOOCs 2021 N2 - The increasing reliance on online learning in higher education has been further expedited by the on-going Covid-19 pandemic. Students need to be supported as they adapt to this new learning environment. Research has established that learners with positive online learning self-efficacy beliefs are more likely to persevere and achieve their higher education goals when learning online. In this paper, we explore how MOOC design can contribute to the four sources of self-efficacy beliefs posited by Bandura [4]. Specifically, we will explore, drawing on learner reflections, whether design elements of the MOOC, The Digital Edge: Essentials for the Online Learner, provided participants with the necessary mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and affective regulation opportunities, to evaluate and develop their online learning self-efficacy beliefs. Findings from a content analysis of discussion forum posts show that learners referenced three of the four information sources when reflecting on their experience of the MOOC. This paper illustrates the potential of MOOCs as a pedagogical tool for enhancing online learning self-efficacy among students. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-517220 SN - 978-3-86956-512-5 VL - 2021 SP - 201 EP - 208 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bellettini, Carlo A1 - Lonati, Violetta A1 - Malchiodi, Dario A1 - Monga, Mattia A1 - Morpurgo, Anna A1 - Torelli, Mauro T1 - What you see is what you have in mind BT - constructing mental models for formatted text processing JF - Commentarii informaticae didacticae : (CID) N2 - In this paper we report on our experiments in teaching computer science concepts with a mix of tangible and abstract object manipulations. The goal we set ourselves was to let pupils discover the challenges one has to meet to automatically manipulate formatted text. We worked with a group of 25 secondary school pupils (9-10th grade), and they were actually able to “invent” the concept of mark-up language. From this experiment we distilled a set of activities which will be replicated in other classes (6th grade) under the guidance of maths teachers. Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-64612 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 6 SP - 139 EP - 147 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Benacka, Jan T1 - BubbleSort, SelectSort and InsertSort in Excel & Delphi BT - learning the Concepts in a Constructionist Way JF - Commentarii informaticae didacticae : (CID) N2 - A method is presented of acquiring the principles of three sorting algorithms through developing interactive applications in Excel. KW - spreadsheets KW - sorting KW - constructionism Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-64636 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 6 SP - 153 EP - 154 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beradze, S. A1 - Kochiashvili, N. A1 - Natsvlishvili, R. A1 - Kochiashvili, I. A1 - Janiashvili, E. A1 - Urushadze, T. A1 - Vardosanidze, M. T1 - P Cygni and its Observations at the Abastumani Observatory JF - Wolf-Rayet Stars : Proceedings of an International Workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 1.–5. June 2015 N2 - We found original observations of PCygni by E. Kharadze and N. Magalashvili in the archives of the Abastumani Observatory. These observations were carried out in the period 1951–1983. Initially they used 29 Cygni as a comparison star, and all observations of PCygni were processed using this star. On the basis of their calculations, the authors decided that PCygni may be a WUMa type binary with an orbital period of 0.500565 d, but this hypothesis was not confirmed. The only observations that have been published in the Bulletin of the Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory were those of of 1951–1955. There are whole sets of observational data not only for PCygni and 29 Cygni, but in the majority of cases also for 36 Cygni in the archives. We recalculated all data (where it was possible) using 36 Cygni as a comparison star. We are presenting UBV light curves of the variable, and also observations made by V. Nikonov in Abastumani in the period 1935–1937 Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-88389 SP - 353 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Berg, Holger T1 - Military Occupation under the Eyes of the Lord BT - Studies in Erfurt during the Thirty Years War JF - Militär und Gesellschaft in der frühen Neuzeit Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21318 SN - 1861-910X SN - 1617-9722 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 53 EP - 57 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bergmann, Kirsten A1 - Kopp, Stefan T1 - Verbal or visual? : How information is distributed across speech and gesture in spatial dialog N2 - In spatial dialog like in direction giving humans make frequent use of speechaccompanying gestures. Some gestures convey largely the same information as speech while others complement speech. This paper reports a study on how speakers distribute meaning across speech and gesture, and depending on what factors. Utterance meaning and the wider dialog context were tested by statistically analyzing a corpus of direction-giving dialogs. Problems of speech production (as indicated by discourse markers and disfluencies), the communicative goals, and the information status were found to be influential, while feedback signals by the addressee do not have any influence. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10375 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Berman, Franklin T1 - Authority in International Law T2 - KFG Working Paper Series N2 - The author discusses the question of authority when determining the content of an international legal rule. Taking Article 38(1)(d) of the ICJ Statute as a point of departure, he determines through meticolous analysis what ranks as judicial decisions as well as teachings within the meaning of the norm. The author then proceeds to a number of factors to determine authoritativeness: objectivity, knowledgeability, depth of analysis, and the presence or otherwise of reasoning and, in particular, the persuasiveness of an opinion. In the case of judicial pronouncements, the author points out that the paradox between Article 59 and Article 38(1)(d) of the ICJ Statute is only an apparent one. While judgments of the Court are binding only between the parties, it is merely the underlying reasoning that can be taken into account in the context of Article 38(1)(d) if considered persuasive. Without central authority, authoritativenes in international law must always be earned which is also the reason for the lack of an hierarchical order between as well as within judicial pronouncements and learned writings though the former are usually more likely to fulfil the criteria of authoritativeness. In both cases, however, previously acquired reputation of a court or even an individual judge as well as of a learned writer can create a presumption of authoritativeness. On a more general level, the author concludes with a call for a more careful differentiation between the determination of law and its application. Putting the issue discussed into perspective, the author argues that situations of law determination arise, contrary to common understanding, in fact far less often than situations of law application. T3 - KFG Working Paper Series - 22 Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-422843 SN - 2509-3770 SN - 2509-3762 IS - 22 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Berman, Gennady A1 - Tarkhanov, Nikolai Nikolaevich T1 - Quantum dynamics in the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam problem N2 - We study the dynamics of four wave interactions in a nonlinear quantum chain of oscillators under the "narrow packet" approximation. We determine the set of times for which the evolution of decay processes is essentially specified by quantum effects. Moreover, we highlight the quantum increment of instability. T3 - Preprint - (2004) 05 Y1 - 2004 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-26695 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Berry, Carol A1 - Kusterer, Peter T1 - Using Teachers’ TryScience to support educators and improve teaching JF - Commentarii informaticae didacticae : (CID) N2 - The challenge is providing teachers with the resources they need to strengthen their instructions and better prepare students for the jobs of the 21st Century. Technology can help meet the challenge. Teachers’ Tryscience is a noncommercial offer, developed by the New York Hall of Science, TeachEngineering, the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards and IBM Citizenship to provide teachers with such resources. The workshop provides deeper insight into this tool and discussion of how to support teaching of informatics in schools. KW - science KW - teacher KW - collaboration KW - teaching material KW - instruction KW - lesson KW - social networking Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-64665 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 6 SP - 161 EP - 162 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bestenlehner, J. M. T1 - Stellar parameters from photometric data for fainter and more distant Wolf-Rayet stars JF - Wolf-Rayet Stars : Proceedings of an International Workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 1.–5. June 2015 N2 - Spectroscopy is the preferred way to study the physical and wind properties of Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars, but with decreasing brightness and increasing distance of the object spectroscopy become very expensive. However, photometry still delivers a high signal to noise ratio. Current and past astronomical surveys and space missions provide large data sets, that can be harvested to discover new WR stars and study them over a wide metallicity range with the help of state of the art stellar atmosphere and evolutionary models. Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-88390 SP - 354 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bethge, Joseph A1 - Serth, Sebastian A1 - Staubitz, Thomas A1 - Wuttke, Tobias A1 - Nordemann, Oliver A1 - Das, Partha-Pratim A1 - Meinel, Christoph T1 - TransPipe BT - A Pipeline for Automated Transcription and Translation of Videos JF - EMOOCs 2021 N2 - Online learning environments, such as Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), often rely on videos as a major component to convey knowledge. However, these videos exclude potential participants who do not understand the lecturer’s language, regardless of whether that is due to language unfamiliarity or aural handicaps. Subtitles and/or interactive transcripts solve this issue, ease navigation based on the content, and enable indexing and retrieval by search engines. Although there are several automated speech-to-text converters and translation tools, their quality varies and the process of integrating them can be quite tedious. Thus, in practice, many videos on MOOC platforms only receive subtitles after the course is already finished (if at all) due to a lack of resources. This work describes an approach to tackle this issue by providing a dedicated tool, which is closing this gap between MOOC platforms and transcription and translation tools and offering a simple workflow that can easily be handled by users with a less technical background. The proposed method is designed and evaluated by qualitative interviews with three major MOOC providers. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-516943 VL - 2021 SP - 79 EP - 94 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Betz, Hariolf A1 - Raiser, Frank A1 - Frühwirth, Thom T1 - Persistent constraints in constraint handling rules N2 - In the most abstract definition of its operational semantics, the declarative and concurrent programming language CHR is trivially non-terminating for a significant class of programs. Common refinements of this definition, in closing the gap to real-world implementations, compromise on declarativity and/or concurrency. Building on recent work and the notion of persistent constraints, we introduce an operational semantics avoiding trivial non-termination without compromising on its essential features. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41547 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Beyssade, Claire A1 - Marandin, Jean-Marie T1 - From complex to simple speech acts : a bidimensional analysis of illocutionary N2 - We present a new analysis of illocutionary forces in dialogue. We analyze them as complex conversational moves involving two dimensions: what Speaker commits herself to and what she calls on Addressee to perform. We start from the analysis of speech acts such as confirmation requests or whimperatives, and extend the analysis to seemingly simple speech acts, such as statements and queries. Then, we show how to integrate our proposal in the framework of the Grammar for Conversation (Ginzburg, to app.), which is adequate for modelling agents' information states and how they get updated. Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10319 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bibby, J. A1 - Shara, M. A1 - Zurek, D. A1 - Crowther, P. A. A1 - Moffat, Anthony F. J. A1 - Drissen, L. A1 - Wilde, M. T1 - The Distribution of Massive Stars in M101 JF - Wolf-Rayet Stars : Proceedings of an International Workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 1.–5. June 2015 N2 - 75 WR stars and 164 RSGs are identified in a single WFC3 pointing of our M101 survey. We find that within it's large star-forming complex NGC 5462 WR stars are preferentially located in the core whilst RSGs are found in the halo, suggesting two bursts of star-formation. A review of our WR candidates reveals that only ∼30% are detected in the archival broad-band ACS imaging whilst only ∼50% are associated with HII regions. Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-88402 SP - 355 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Biddle, M. B. A1 - Rickert, S. E. A1 - Lando, J. B. A1 - Laschewsky, André T1 - The use of the Langmuir-Blodgett technique to obtain ultra-thin polar films N2 - The piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties of oriented films possessing dipole moments are increasingly being used in pressure, acoustic, thermal and optical devices. The performance of these devices in many applications may be enhanced by thin-film technology.The developing Langmuir-Blodgett thin-film deposition technique offers the opportunity to obtain highly oriented and uniform organic-based films in the 10–5000 nm thickness range. Special techniques must be used, however, to assemble these molecules in such a way as to result in polar multilayer films. Several possible deposition techniques are investigated, with one resulting in a polar and pyroelectric film about 50 nm thick. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 098 Y1 - 1989 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17185 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bielawski, Martina A1 - Jurišić, J. A1 - Lenz, T. A1 - Maxian Rusche, T. A1 - Nippert, C. T1 - Via : communis Europa ; Europe's architecture in 2020 N2 - Forum: EU-Diplomatie im Jahre 2020 KW - Europäische Union KW - Europaidentität KW - Außenpolitik KW - Verteidigungspolitik KW - European Union KW - European identity KW - foreign policy KW - defence policy Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48454 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Billard, Isabelle A1 - Ansoborlo, Eric A1 - Apperson, Kathleen A1 - Arpigny, Sylvie A1 - Azenha, M. Emilia A1 - Birch, David A1 - Bros, Pascal A1 - Burrows, Hugh D. A1 - Choppin, Gregory A1 - Kumke, Michael Uwe T1 - Aqueous solutions of Uranium(VI) as studied by time-resolved emission spectroscopy : a Round-Robin Test N2 - Results of an inter-laboratory round-robin study of the application of time-resolved emission spectroscopy (TRES) to the speciation of uranium(VI) in aqueous media are presented. The round-robin study involved 13 independent laboratories, using various instrumentation and data analysis methods. Samples were prepared based on appropriate speciation diagrams and, in general, were found to be chemically stable for at least six months. Four different types of aqueous uranyl solutions were studied: (1) acidic medium where UO22+aq is the single emitting species, (2) uranyl in the presence of fluoride ions, (3) uranyl in the presence of sulfate ions, and (4) uranyl in aqueous solutions at different pH, promoting the formation of hydrolyzed species. Results between the laboratories are compared in terms of the number of decay components, luminescence lifetimes, and spectral band positions. The successes and limitations of TRES in uranyl analysis and speciation in aqueous solutions are discussed. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 005 KW - uranium (VI) KW - intercomparison KW - speciation Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-12318 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bièvre-Perrin, Fabien ED - Bièvre-Perrin, Fabien ED - Carlà-Uhink, Filippo ED - Rollinger, Christian ED - Walde, Christine T1 - “Everything is a copy of a copy of a copy” BT - Preface JF - thersites 13: Antiquipop – Chefs d’œuvres revisités N2 - A quote from Fight Club (Chuck Palahniuk, 1996) may seem unusual for a Classicist. Nevertheless, this famous sentence summarises the contents of this special issue of thersites perfectly. As specialists in classical reception frequently witness, there is a sort of déjà-vu effect when it comes to the presence of Antiquity within popular culture. In 2019, to try to better understand the phenomenon, Antiquipop invited researchers to take an interest in the construction and semantic path of these “masterpieces” in contemporary popular culture, with a particular focus on the 21st century. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.34679/thersites.vol13.191 SN - 2364-7612 VL - 2021 IS - 13 SP - i EP - v ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blackwell, Virginia Katherine A1 - Wiltrout, Mary Ellen T1 - Learning During COVID-19 BT - Engagement and Attainment in an Introductory Biology MOOC JF - EMOOCs 2021 N2 - During the COVID-19 pandemic, learning in higher education and beyond shifted en masse to online formats, with the short- and long-term consequences for Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) platforms, learners, and creators still under evaluation. In this paper, we sought to determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic and this shift to online learning led to increased learner engagement and attainment in a single introductory biology MOOC through evaluating enrollment, proportional and individual engagement, and verification and performance data. As this MOOC regularly operates each year, we compared these data collected from two course runs during the pandemic to three pre-pandemic runs. During the first pandemic run, the number and rate of learners enrolling in the course doubled when compared to prior runs, while the second pandemic run indicated a gradual return to pre-pandemic enrollment. Due to higher enrollment, more learners viewed videos, attempted problems, and posted to the discussion forums during the pandemic. Participants engaged with forums in higher proportions in both pandemic runs, but the proportion of participants who viewed videos decreased in the second pandemic run relative to the prior runs. A higher percentage of learners chose to pursue a certificate via the verified track in each pandemic run, though a smaller proportion earned certification in the second pandemic run. During the pandemic, more enrolled learners did not necessarily correlate to greater engagement by all metrics. While verified-track learner performance varied widely during each run, the effects of the pandemic were not uniform for learners, much like in other aspects of life. As such, individual engagement trends in the first pandemic run largely resemble pre-pandemic metrics but with more learners overall, while engagement trends in the second pandemic run are less like pre-pandemic metrics, hinting at learner “fatigue”. This study serves to highlight the life-long learning opportunity that MOOCs offer is even more critical when traditional education modes are disrupted and more people are at home or unemployed. This work indicates that this boom in MOOC participation may not remain at a high level for the longer term in any one course, but overall, the number of MOOCs, programs, and learners continues to grow. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-517251 SN - 978-3-86956-512-5 VL - 2021 SP - 219 EP - 236 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blahušiaková, Andrea A1 - Röper-Kühnemann, Christian A1 - Staufenbiel, Christoph A1 - Vozárová, Hana T1 - Relating to students JF - Potsdamer geographische Praxis N2 - 1. The Assignment 'Devotion to Religion and acitive Citizenship' 2. The Assignment 'How are religious spread across Europe' 3. The Assignment 'Is football as important as religion?' 4. The Assignment 'Why be religious?' 5. The Assignment 'Lucky charms' 6. The Assignment 'No Creo en el Jamas' (Life after death) 7. The Assignment 'Religion and its influence on politics ans policies' 8. The Assignment 'Secularisation in Europe' 9. The Assignment 'The meaning of religious places' 10. The Assignment 'Unity in diversity' 11. Which conceptions did you find? KW - Europäische Werteerziehung KW - Familie KW - Lehrevaluation KW - Studierendenaustausch KW - Unterrichtseinheiten KW - Curriculum Framework KW - European values education KW - Family KW - lesson evaluation KW - student exchange KW - teaching units KW - curriculum framework Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65769 SN - 2194-1599 SN - 2194-1602 IS - 1 SP - 25 EP - 31 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Blanc, Olivier A1 - Constant, Matthieu A1 - Watrin, Patrick T1 - Segmentation in super-chunks with a finite-state approach N2 - Since Harris’ parser in the late 50s, multiword units have been progressively integrated in parsers. Nevertheless, in the most part, they are still restricted to compound words, that are more stable and less numerous. Actually, language is full of semi-fixed expressions that also form basic semantic units: semi-fixed adverbial expressions (e.g. time), collocations. Like compounds, the identification of these structures limits the combinatorial complexity induced by lexical ambiguity. In this paper, we detail an experiment that largely integrates these notions in a finite-state procedure of segmentation into super-chunks, preliminary to a parser.We show that the chunker, developped for French, reaches 92.9% precision and 98.7% recall. Moreover, multiword units realize 36.6% of the attachments within nominal and prepositional phrases. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27133 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blaszczak, Joanna A1 - Dipper, Stefanie A1 - Fanselow, Gisbert A1 - Ishihara, Shinishiro A1 - Petrova, Svetlana A1 - Skopeteas, Stavros A1 - Weskott, Thomas A1 - Zimmermann, Malte T1 - Syntax JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS N2 - The guidelines for syntactic annotation contain the layers that are especially relevant for queries related to the interaction of information structure with syntax. The layers of this level are constituent structure, grammatical functions, and semantic roles. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22253 SN - 1614-4708 SN - 1866-4725 IS - 7 SP - 95 EP - 133 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blaszczak, Joanna A1 - Dipper, Stefanie A1 - Fanselow, Gisbert A1 - Ishihara, Shinishiro A1 - Petrova, Svetlana A1 - Skopeteas, Stavros A1 - Weskott, Thomas A1 - Zimmermann, Malte T1 - Morphology JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS N2 - The guidelines for morphological annotation contain the layers that are necessary for understanding the structure of the words in the object language: morphological segmentation, glossing, and annotation of part-of-speech. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22247 SN - 1614-4708 SN - 1866-4725 IS - 7 SP - 55 EP - 94 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Blomme, R. T1 - Corotating Interaction Regions and clumping N2 - We present hydrodynamical models for Corotating Interaction Regions, which were used by Lobel (2007) to model the Discrete Absorption Components in HD 64760. We also discuss our failure to model the rotational modulations seen in the same star. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18100 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bobda, Augustin Simo T1 - Irish presence in colonial Cameroon and its linguistic legacy JF - The Celtic Englishes IV : the interface between English and the Celtic languages ; proceedings of the fourth international colloquium on the "Celtic Englishes" held at the University of Potsdam in Golm (Germany) from 22-26 September 2004 N2 - Content: 1. Survey of Foreign Influences on English in Cameroon 1.1. Early Foreign Influences in the Formation of English in Cameroon 1.2. Later Influences 2. Irish Linguistic Legacy 2.1. Language Policy 2.2. Structural Aspects of English Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41011 SP - 217 EP - 233 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bogost, Ian T1 - The phenomenology of videogames N2 - Jesper Juul has convincingly argued that the conflict over the proper object of study has shifted from “rules or story” to “player or game.” But a key component of digital games is still missing from either of these oppositions: that of the computer itself. This paper offers a way of thinking about the phenomenology of the videogame from the perspective of the computer rather than the game or the player. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-24547 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Boldrighini, Carlo A1 - Frigio, Sandro A1 - Maponi, Pierluigi A1 - Pellegrinotti, Alessandro A1 - Sinai, Yakov G. T1 - 3-D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations: Complex blow-up and related real flows JF - Lectures in pure and applied mathematics KW - random point processes KW - statistical mechanics KW - stochastic analysis Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472201 SN - 978-3-86956-485-2 SN - 2199-4951 SN - 2199-496X IS - 6 SP - 185 EP - 194 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bomans, Dominik J. A1 - Becker, Andrew C. A1 - Kleemann, B. A1 - Weis, K. A1 - Pasquali, A. T1 - Luminous Wolf-Rayet stars at low metallicity JF - Wolf-Rayet Stars : Proceedings of an International Workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 1.–5. June 2015 N2 - The evolution of massive stars in very low metallicity galaxies is less well observationally constrained than in environments more similar to the Milky Way, M33, or the LMC. We discuss in this contribution the current state of our program to search for and characterize Wolf-Rayet stars (and other massive emission line stars) in low metallicity galaxies in the Local Volume. Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-87635 SP - 51 EP - 54 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bonfante, Guillaume A1 - Le Roux, Joseph T1 - Intersection optimization is NP-complete N2 - Finite state methods for natural language processing often require the construction and the intersection of several automata. In this paper, we investigate the question of determining the best order in which these intersections should be performed. We take as an example lexical disambiguation in polarity grammars. We show that there is no efficient way to minimize the state complexity of these intersections. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27146 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Borg, Erik A1 - Fichtelmann, Bernd T1 - Land-water masks: basis for automated pre- and thematic processing of remote sensing data JF - Potsdamer Geographische Praxis N2 - Earth observation data have become an outstanding basis for analyzing environmental aspects. The increasing availability of remote sensing data is accompanied by an increasing user demand. Within the scope of the COOPERNICUS-initiative, the automatic processing of remote sensing data is important for supplying value- added-information products. The use of additional data like land-water-masks in the context of deriving value-added information products can stabilize and improve the product quality of information products. The authors of this contribution would like to discuss different automated processing algorithms which are based on land-water masks for value-added data interpretation. These developments were supported or accompanied by Prof. Hartmut Asche. Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-103454 SN - 978-3-86956-389-3 SN - 2194–1599 SN - 2194–1602 IS - 12 SP - 77 EP - 99 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina D. A1 - Schlesewsky, Matthias T1 - Is it a bird? Is it a mammal? BT - Perspectives on the learnability/trainability of new grammatical constructions JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432534 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 275 EP - 286 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - THES A1 - Bortfeld, Silvia T1 - Analysis of Medicago truncatula transcription factors involved in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis T1 - Analyse von Medicago truncatula Transkriptionsfaktoren, die während der arbuskulären Mykorrhiz-Symbiose eine Rolle spielen N2 - For the first time the transcriptional reprogramming of distinct root cortex cells during the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis was investigated by combining Laser Capture Mirodissection and Affymetrix GeneChip® Medicago genome array hybridization. The establishment of cryosections facilitated the isolation of high quality RNA in sufficient amounts from three different cortical cell types. The transcript profiles of arbuscule-containing cells (arb cells), non-arbuscule-containing cells (nac cells) of Rhizophagus irregularis inoculated Medicago truncatula roots and cortex cells of non-inoculated roots (cor) were successfully explored. The data gave new insights in the symbiosis-related cellular reorganization processes and indicated that already nac cells seem to be prepared for the upcoming fungal colonization. The mycorrhizal- and phosphate-dependent transcription of a GRAS TF family member (MtGras8) was detected in arb cells and mycorrhizal roots. MtGRAS shares a high sequence similarity to a GRAS TF suggested to be involved in the fungal colonization processes (MtRAM1). The function of MtGras8 was unraveled upon RNA interference- (RNAi-) mediated gene silencing. An AM symbiosis-dependent expression of a RNAi construct (MtPt4pro::gras8-RNAi) revealed a successful gene silencing of MtGras8 leading to a reduced arbuscule abundance and a higher proportion of deformed arbuscules in root with reduced transcript levels. Accordingly, MtGras8 might control the arbuscule development and life-time. The targeting of MtGras8 by the phosphate-dependent regulated miRNA5204* was discovered previously (Devers et al., 2011). Since miRNA5204* is known to be affected by phosphate, the posttranscriptional regulation might represent a link between phosphate signaling and arbuscule development. In this work, the posttranscriptional regulation was confirmed by mis-expression of miRNA5204* in M. truncatula roots. The miRNA-mediated gene silencing affects the MtGras8 transcript abundance only in the first two weeks of the AM symbiosis and the mis-expression lines seem to mimic the phenotype of MtGras8-RNAi lines. Additionally, MtGRAS8 seems to form heterodimers with NSP2 and RAM1, which are known to be key regulators of the fungal colonization process (Hirsch et al., 2009; Gobbato et al., 2012). These data indicate that MtGras8 and miRNA5204* are linked to the sym pathway and regulate the arbuscule development in phosphate-dependent manner. N2 - Die Leguminose Medicago truncatula (gehört zur Gattung des Schneckenklees) ist in der Lage sowohl eine Symbiose mit stickstofffixierenden Bakterien (Rhizobien), als auch mit Mykorrhiza-Pilzen einzugehen. Der Mykorrhiza-Pilz Rhizophagus irregularis dringt in die Wurzelrindenzellen ein und bildet Strukturen aus, die als Arbuskeln bezeichnet werden. Diese ermöglichen den Transfer von Nährstoffen, wie Phosphat in die Wurzelzellen. Die Pflanze liefert hingegen bis zu 20 % ihrer Photosyntheseprodukte an den Pilz. Da die Lebenszeit der Arbuskeln nur wenige Tage beträgt, können Wurzelrindenzellen mehrere Arbuskeln nacheinander beherbergen. Somit können neben arbuskelhaltigen, auch nicht-arbuskelhaltige Zellen in kolonisierten Wurzeln auftreten. Die nicht-arbuskelhaltigen Zellen beeinträchtigen die Sensitivität von Genregulationsanalysen, wenn die Genregulation während der Mykorrhiza-Symbiose anhand von ganzen kolonisierten Wurzeln untersucht wird. In dieser Arbeit konnte eine Zelltyp-spezifische Analyse der Genregulation von arbuskelhaltigen und nicht-arbuskelhaltigen Zellen durchgeführt, und eine Erhöhung der Sensitivität erreicht werden. Mittels Laser Capture Microdissection wurden Zellen aus Gefrierschnitten von Wurzeln isoliert. Aus den so gewonnen Zellen konnte RNA von ausreichender Qualität und Quantität extrahiert werden, um das Transkriptom der beiden Zelltypen mittels Mikroarrayhybridisierung zu untersuchen. Transkriptionsfaktoren (TFs) spielen wahrscheinlich eine Schlüsselrolle in der Umprogrammierung von Wurzelzellen während der Mykorrhiza-Symbiose. Daher wurde die Genregulation von TF-Genen in den zwei Zelltypen gezielt untersucht. Anhand von quantitativer RT-PCR und Promoter-Reporter-Fusionen wurde die differentielle Expression von mehreren TF-Transkripten in den verschiedenen Zelltypen bestätigt. Die Charakterisierung eines potentiellen GRAS TF (MtGRAS8) konnte eine stark Symbiose- und Phosphat-abhängige Induktion von Transkripten bestätigt werden. Mutanten mit verringerter MtGras8 Transkriptmenge wiesen eine verringerte Arbuskelzahl und deformierte Arbuskeln auf. MtGras8 scheint daher an der Arbuskelentwicklung beteiligt zu sein. Vorherige Experimente zeigten, dass MtGras8 Transkripte, von der Phosphat-regulierten MikroRNA5204* geschnitten werden (Devers et al., 2011). Dies konnte durch Überexpression der MikroRNA5204* in vivo bestätigt werden. Weiterhin konnten Protein-Protein-Interaktionen von MtGras8 mit bekannten GRAS TFs (NSP1, NSP2, RAM1) nachgewiesen und daraus eine Verbindung zu bekannten Symbiose-induzierten Signalkaskaden geschlossen werden. In dieser Arbeit wurde erstmals die Umprogrammierung von nicht-arbuskelhaltigen Zellen untersucht und neue Regulationselemente für die Kontrolle der Arbuskelentwicklung, wie MtGRAS8 und MikroRNA5204*, charakterisiert. KW - arbuskuläre Mykorrhiza-Symbiose KW - Transkriptionsfaktoren KW - Zelltyp-spezifisch KW - Transkriptomanalyse KW - arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis KW - transcription factors KW - cell type-specific KW - transcriptome analysis Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70664 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boston, Marisa Ferrara A1 - Hale, John A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold A1 - Patil, Umesh A1 - Vasishth, Shravan T1 - Parsing costs as predictors of reading difficulty: An evaluation using the Potsdam Sentence Corpus N2 - The surprisal of a word on a probabilistic grammar constitutes a promising complexity metric for human sentence comprehension difficulty. Using two different grammar types, surprisal is shown to have an effect on fixation durations and regression probabilities in a sample of German readers’ eye movements, the Potsdam Sentence Corpus. A linear mixed-effects model was used to quantify the effect of surprisal while taking into account unigram and bigram frequency, word length, and empirically-derived word predictability; the so-called “early” and “late” measures of processing difficulty both showed an effect of surprisal. Surprisal is also shown to have a small but statistically non-significant effect on empirically-derived predictability itself. This work thus demonstrates the importance of including parsing costs as a predictor of comprehension difficulty in models of reading, and suggests that a simple identification of syntactic parsing costs with early measures and late measures with durations of post-syntactic events may be difficult to uphold. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 253 Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57139 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boston, Marisa Ferrara A1 - Hale, John T. A1 - Vasishth, Shravan A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold T1 - Parallel processing and sentence comprehension difficulty N2 - Eye fixation durations during normal reading correlate with processing difficulty but the specific cognitive mechanisms reflected in these measures are not well understood. This study finds support in German readers’ eyefixations for two distinct difficulty metrics: surprisal, which reflects the change in probabilities across syntactic analyses as new words are integrated, and retrieval, which quantifies comprehension difficulty in terms of working memory constraints. We examine the predictions of both metrics using a family of dependency parsers indexed by an upper limit on the number of candidate syntactic analyses they retain at successive words. Surprisal models all fixation measures and regression probability. By contrast, retrieval does not model any measure in serial processing. As more candidate analyses are considered in parallel at each word, retrieval can account for the same measures as surprisal. This pattern suggests an important role for ranked parallelism in theories of sentence comprehension. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 252 Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57159 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bottino, Rosa A1 - Chioccariello, Augusto T1 - Computational Thinking BT - Videogames, Educational Robotics, and other Powerful Ideas to Think with JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - Digital technology has radically changed the way people work in industry, finance, services, media and commerce. Informatics has contributed to the scientific and technological development of our society in general and to the digital revolution in particular. Computational thinking is the term indicating the key ideas of this discipline that might be included in the key competencies underlying the curriculum of compulsory education. The educational potential of informatics has a history dating back to the sixties. In this article, we briefly revisit this history looking for lessons learned. In particular, we focus on experiences of teaching and learning programming. However, computational thinking is more than coding. It is a way of thinking and practicing interactive dynamic modeling with computers. We advocate that learners can practice computational thinking in playful contexts where they can develop personal projects, for example building videogames and/or robots, share and discuss their construction with others. In our view, this approach allows an integration of computational thinking in the K-12 curriculum across disciplines. KW - Computational thinking KW - programming in context KW - informatics education Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82820 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 301 EP - 309 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bouret, J.-C. A1 - Lanz, T. A1 - Hillier, D. J. A1 - Foellmi, C. T1 - Clumping in O-type Supergiants N2 - We have analyzed the spectra of seven Galactic O4 supergiants, with the NLTE wind code CMFGEN. For all stars, we have found that clumped wind models match well lines from different species spanning a wavelength range from FUV to optical, and remain consistent with Hα data. We have achieved an excellent match of the P V λλ1118, 1128 resonance doublet and N IV λ1718, as well as He II λ4686 suggesting that our physical description of clumping is adequate. We find very small volume filling factors and that clumping starts deep in the wind, near the sonic point. The most crucial consequence of our analysis is that the mass loss rates of O stars need to be revised downward significantly, by a factor of 3 and more compared to those obtained from smooth-wind models. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17662 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bowler, Margit ED - Grubic, Mira ED - Mucha, Anne T1 - The status of degrees in Warlpiri JF - Proceedings of the Semantics of African, Asian and Austronesian Languages (TripleA) 2 N2 - Recent work in semantics has shown that languages can vary in whether or not they include degrees (that is, elements of type < d >) in their semantic ontology. Several authors have argued that their languages of study lack degrees, including Bochnak (2013) for Washo (isolate, USA), Pearson (2009) for Fijian (Austronesian, Fiji), and Beck, et al. (2009) for Motu (Austronesian, Papua New Guinea). In this paper, I follow the tests proposed in Beck, et al. (2009) to assess the status of degrees in Warlpiri (Pama-Nyungan, Australia). I use Warlpiri data collected following the Beck, et al. survey to argue that Warlpiri gradable predicates do not combine with a degree argument. (Like many other Australian languages, adjectival concepts like big and small are expressed using nouns in Warlpiri (Dixon 1982, Bittner & Hale 1995, among others). I refer to these lexical items as “gradable predicates” in this paper.) This paper represents a first pass at assessing the status of degrees in an Australian language, which have otherwise been unexamined from the point of view of degree semantics. Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92295 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Brass, Stefan T1 - Range restriction for general formulas N2 - Deductive databases need general formulas in rule bodies, not only conjuctions of literals. This is well known since the work of Lloyd and Topor about extended logic programming. Of course, formulas must be restricted in such a way that they can be effectively evaluated in finite time, and produce only a finite number of new tuples (in each iteration of the TP-operator: the fixpoint can still be infinite). It is also necessary to respect binding restrictions of built-in predicates: many of these predicates can be executed only when certain arguments are ground. Whereas for standard logic programming rules, questions of safety, allowedness, and range-restriction are relatively easy and well understood, the situation for general formulas is a bit more complicated. We give a syntactic analysis of formulas that guarantees the necessary properties. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41521 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bratkin, Dimitri T1 - Manuscripts, Images, and Biographies of Daniel Chwolson BT - New Details from the Archives of St. Petersburg JF - PaRDES : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e. V. N2 - The St. Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy (PFA RAN) contains two manuscript biographies of Daniel Chwolson, the Russian-Jewish Orientalist, advocate of Jewish scholarship, and bridge builder to the Breslau Jewish Theological Seminary. They were written by his pupil and colleague, Pavel Kokovtsov, and his grandson Yevgeny Chwolson, respectively. These two texts are studied against the background of published texts and popular opinion of Chwolson in late Imperial Russia. Apart from some details, these manuscripts offer limited additional information as factual sources, most of their contents being mere variation of published texts. However, the biography of Chwolson written by his grandson is a valuable source on the reception of Chwolson and illustrates the potential of further mythological appreciation of his personality and works in the Soviet time as a defense strategy for Chwolson’s family. It also contains crucial information on the fate of Chwolson’s archive. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-417884 SP - 171 EP - 189 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - INPR A1 - Brauer, Uwe A1 - Karp, Lavi T1 - Local existence of classical solutions for the Einstein-Euler system using weighted Sobolev spaces of fractional order N2 - We prove the existence of a class of local in time solutions, including static solutions, of the Einstein-Euler system. This result is the relativistic generalisation of a similar result for the Euler-Poisson system obtained by Gamblin [8]. As in his case the initial data of the density do not have compact support but fall off at infinity in an appropriate manner. An essential tool in our approach is the construction and use of weighted Sobolev spaces of fractional order. Moreover, these new spaces allow us to improve the regularity conditions for the solutions of evolution equations. The details of this construction, the properties of these spaces and results on elliptic and hyperbolic equations will be presented in a forthcoming article. T3 - Preprint - (2006) 17 Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-30175 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Brauer, Uwe A1 - Karp, Lavi T1 - Well-posedness of Einstein-Euler systems in asymptotically flat spacetimes N2 - We prove a local in time existence and uniqueness theorem of classical solutions of the coupled Einstein{Euler system, and therefore establish the well posedness of this system. We use the condition that the energy density might vanish or tends to zero at infinity and that the pressure is a certain function of the energy density, conditions which are used to describe simplified stellar models. In order to achieve our goals we are enforced, by the complexity of the problem, to deal with these equations in a new type of weighted Sobolev spaces of fractional order. Beside their construction, we develop tools for PDEs and techniques for hyperbolic and elliptic equations in these spaces. The well posedness is obtained in these spaces. T3 - Preprint - (2008) 07 Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-30347 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Braun, Harald T1 - Berlin – New York BT - A Few Observations on Germany in the United Nations T2 - KFG Working Paper Series N2 - Beginning in January 2019, the new German government will face a particular new responsibility for world affairs: provided the elections in June 2018 lead to the desired result, Germany will be an elected member of the UN Security Council for two years from January 2019 until December 2020. However, Germany has been a respected and highly relevant member of the United Nations not only during its terms on the Security Council but also in “normal” times. The present article attempts to shed light on a few aspects of Germany’s role in the UN during Merkel’s chancellorship with an emphasis on her third term (2014-2017), such as the cooperative relationship between Germany and the UN Secretary-General in important policy fields, Germany’s financial contributions to the UN, the impact of Germany’s EU membership on its UN membership and the country’s efforts with regard to the reform of the Security Council. The paper further provides context for Germany’s abstention in the vote on Security Council Resolution 1973 on Libya in 2011. It concludes by ascertaining that Germany with its approach of active multilateralism has taken its place as one of the leading nations in Europe and is ready to take on responsibility with its partners to achieve a peaceful and stable world order. T3 - KFG Working Paper Series - 11 Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-421984 SN - 2509-3770 SN - 2509-3762 IS - 11 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Braun, Robert A1 - Feudel, Fred T1 - Supertransient chaos in the two-dimensional complex Ginzburg-Landau equation N2 - We have shown that the two-dimensional complex Ginzburg-Landau equation exhibits supertransient chaos in a certain parameter range. Using numerical methods this behavior is found near the transition line separating frozen spiral solutions from turbulence. Supertransient chaos seems to be a common phenomenon in extended spatiotemporal systems. These supertransients are characterized by an average transient lifetime which depends exponentially on the size of the system and are due to an underlying nonattracting chaotic set. T3 - NLD Preprints - 29 Y1 - 1996 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14099 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Braun, Robert A1 - Feudel, Fred A1 - Guzdar, Parvez T1 - The route to chaos for a two-dimensional externally driven flow N2 - We have numerically studied the bifurcations and transition to chaos in a two-dimensional fluid for varying values of the Reynolds number. These investigations have been motivated by experiments in fluids, where an array of vortices was driven by an electromotive force. In these experiments, successive changes leading to a complex motion of the vortices, due to increased forcing, have been explored [Tabeling, Perrin, and Fauve, J. Fluid Mech. 213, 511 (1990)]. We model this experiment by means of two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations with a special external forcing, driving a linear chain of eight counter-rotating vortices, imposing stress-free boundary conditions in the vertical direction and periodic boundary conditions in the horizontal direction. As the strength of the forcing or the Reynolds number is raised, the original stationary vortex array becomes unstable and a complex sequence of bifurcations is observed. Several steady states and periodic branches and a period doubling cascade appear on the route to chaos. For increasing values of the Reynolds number, shear flow develops, for which the spatial scale is large compared to the scale of the forcing. Furthermore, we have investigated the influence of the aspect ratio of the container as well as the effect of no-slip boundary conditions at the top and bottom, on the bifurcation scenario. T3 - NLD Preprints - 46 Y1 - 1998 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14717 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Braun, Robert A1 - Feudel, Fred A1 - Seehafer, Norbert T1 - Bifurcations and chaos in an array of forced vortices N2 - We have studied the bifurcation structure of the incompressible two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations with a special external forcing driving an array of 8×8 counterrotating vortices. The study has been motivated by recent experiments with thin layers of electrolytes showing, among other things, the formation of large-scale spatial patterns. As the strength of the forcing or the Reynolds number is raised the original stationary vortex array becomes unstable and a complex sequence of bifurcations is observed. The bifurcations lead to several periodic branches, torus and chaotic solutions, and other stationary solutions. Most remarkable is the appearance of solutions characterized by structures on spatial scales large compared to the scale of the forcing. We also characterize the different dynamic regimes by means of tracers injected into the fluid. Stretching rates and Hausdorff dimensions of convected line elements are calculated to quantify the mixing process. It turns out that for time-periodic velocity fields the mixing can be very effective. T3 - NLD Preprints - 37 Y1 - 1997 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14564 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Breest, Martin A1 - Bouché, Paul A1 - Grund, Martin A1 - Haubrock, Sören A1 - Hüttenrauch, Stefan A1 - Kylau, Uwe A1 - Ploskonos, Anna A1 - Queck, Tobias A1 - Schreiter, Torben T1 - Fundamentals of Service-Oriented Engineering N2 - Since 2002, keywords like service-oriented engineering, service-oriented computing, and service-oriented architecture have been widely used in research, education, and enterprises. These and related terms are often misunderstood or used incorrectly. To correct these misunderstandings, a deeper knowledge of the concepts, the historical backgrounds, and an overview of service-oriented architectures is demanded and given in this paper. T3 - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 16 Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-33801 SN - 978-3-939469-35-3 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Briesemeister, Benny B. A1 - Hofmann, Markus J. A1 - Kuchinke, Lars A1 - Jacobs, Arthur M. T1 - The BAWL databases in research on emotional word processing JF - Potsdam cognitive science series N2 - Inhalt: Introduction A two-dimensional affective space: Valence and arousal effects in word processing Higher dimensional affective space: a role of discrete emotions in word processing? A direct comparison of the affective space models References Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62377 SN - 2190-4545 SN - 2190-4553 IS - 3 SP - 61 EP - 66 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brilke, Clara A1 - Werner, Eva ED - Rollinger, Christian T1 - I am not sure that I feel like singing, thanks very much for asking! BT - Interview with Natalie Haynes JF - thersites 12 N2 - In her writings on ancient myth, the British author Natalie Haynes moves women to the centre of attention. Her two latest books, A Thousand Ships and Pandora’s Jar – a fiction novel and a non-fiction one – approach this topic from two different perspectives. This interview takes stock of Haynes’ motives and methodology as well as of the challenges she faces in the process of writing. KW - Women in Ancient Myth KW - Classical Reception KW - Classics in Popular Culture Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.34679/thersites.vol12.189 SN - 2364-7612 VL - 2020 IS - 12 SP - 104 EP - 115 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bringmann, Gerhard A1 - Mutanyatta-Comar, Joan A1 - Maksimenka, Katja A1 - Wanjohi, John M. A1 - Heydenreich, Matthias A1 - Brun, Reto A1 - Müller, Werner E. G. A1 - Peter, Martin A1 - Midiwo, Jacob O. A1 - Yenesew, Abiy T1 - Joziknipholones A and B : the First Dimeric Phenylanthraquinones, from the Roots of Bulbine frutescens N2 - From the roots of the African plant Bulbine frutescens (Asphodelaceae), two unprecedented novel dimeric phenylanthraquinones, named joziknipholones A and B, possessing axial and centrochirality, were isolated, together with six known compounds. Structural elucidation of the new metabolites was achieved by spectroscopic and chiroptical methods, by reductive cleavage of the central bond between the monomeric phenylanthraquinone and -anthrone portions with sodium dithionite, and by quantum chemical CD calculations. Based on the recently revised absolute axial configuration of the parent phenylanthraquinones, knipholone and knipholone anthrone, the new dimers were attributed to possess the P-configuration (i.e., with the acetyl portions below the anthraquinone plane) at both axes in the case of joziknipholone A, whereas in joziknipholone B, the knipholone part was found to be M-configured. Joziknipholones A and B are active against the chloroquine resistant strain K1 of the malaria pathogen, Plasmodium falciparum, and show moderate activity against murine leukemic lymphoma L5178y cells. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 104 KW - antimalarial activity KW - chirality KW - joziknipholones KW - natural products KW - structure elucidation Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-42638 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brodehser, Peter T1 - Quo Vadis Infrastructure Financing? JF - Protokollband 2013 N2 - 1. Introduction 2. The project finance market in 2006/2007 3. Areas affected by the global financial crisis 4. Areas affected by the euro financial crisis 5. Basel III and the consequences for infrastructure financing 6. Outlook – Where do we go from here? Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68738 SP - 119 EP - 132 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brodt, Eliezer T1 - Mattityahu Strashun (1817–1885) and His Relationship with the Early Founders of Wissenschaft des Judentums JF - PaRDES : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e. V. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-417788 SP - 27 EP - 45 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Broekhuis, Hans T1 - Derivations (MP) and evaluations (OT) JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - The main claim of this paper is that the minimalist framework and optimality theory adopt more or less the same architecture of grammar: both assume that a generator defines a set S of potentially well-formed expressions that can be generated on the basis of a given input, and that there is an evaluator that selects the expressions from S that are actually grammatical in a given language L. The paper therefore proposes a model of grammar in which the strengths of the two frameworks are combined: more specifically, it is argued that the computational system of human language CHL from MP creates a set S of potentially well-formed expressions, and that these are subsequently evaluated in an optimality theoretic fashion. KW - Minimalist Program KW - Optimality Theory KW - Derivation-and-Evaluation model KW - Object Shift Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32347 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 25 SP - 137 EP - 193 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brooks, Clare T1 - The EVE curriculum framework BT - developments on the second phase JF - Potsdamer geographische Praxis N2 - 1. Evaluations 2. Main changes to the curriculum Framework 3. Looking Forwards KW - Europäische Werteerziehung KW - Familie KW - Lehrevaluation KW - Studierendenaustausch KW - Unterrichtseinheiten KW - Curriculum Framework KW - European values education KW - Family KW - lesson evaluation KW - student exchange KW - teaching units KW - curriculum framework Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66128 SN - 2194-1599 SN - 2194-1602 IS - 1 SP - 17 EP - 20 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brooks, Clare T1 - The EVE curriculum framework BT - the third instalment JF - Potsdamer geographische Praxis N2 - 1. The new approach 2. Changes to the Curriculum Framework KW - Europäische Werteerziehung KW - Familie KW - Lehrevaluation KW - Studierendenaustausch KW - Unterrichtseinheiten KW - Curriculum Framework KW - European values education KW - Family KW - lesson evaluation KW - student exchange KW - teaching units KW - curriculum framework Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65918 SN - 2194-1599 SN - 2194-1602 IS - 3 SP - 23 EP - 27 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - THES A1 - Brothers, Soren M. T1 - Carbon gains, losses, and feedbacks in shallow, eutrophic lakes of phytoplankton and macrophyte dominance T1 - Kohlenstoff-Gewinne, Verluste und Rückkopplungen in flachen, nährstoffreichen Seen mit Dominanz von Phytoplankton und Makrophyten N2 - Lakes are increasingly being recognized as an important component of the global carbon cycle, yet anthropogenic activities that alter their community structure may change the way they transport and process carbon. This research focuses on the relationship between carbon cycling and community structure of primary producers in small, shallow lakes, which are the most abundant lake type in the world, and furthermore subject to intense terrestrial-aquatic coupling due to their high perimeter:area ratio. Shifts between macrophyte and phytoplankton dominance are widespread and common in shallow lakes, with potentially large consequences to regional carbon cycling. I thus compared a lake with clear-water conditions and a submerged macrophyte community to a turbid, phytoplankton-dominated lake, describing differences in the availability, processing, and export of organic and inorganic carbon. I furthermore examined the effects of increasing terrestrial carbon inputs on internal carbon cycling processes. Pelagic diel (24-hour) oxygen curves and independent fluorometric approaches of individual primary producers together indicated that the presence of a submerged macrophyte community facilitated higher annual rates of gross primary production than could be supported in a phytoplankton-dominated lake at similar nutrient concentrations. A simple model constructed from the empirical data suggested that this difference between regime types could be common in moderately eutrophic lakes with mean depths under three to four meters, where benthic primary production is a potentially major contributor to the whole-lake primary production. It thus appears likely that a regime shift from macrophyte to phytoplankton dominance in shallow lakes would typically decrease the quantity of autochthonous organic carbon available to lake food webs. Sediment core analyses indicated that a regime shift from macrophyte to phytoplankton dominance was associated with a four-fold increase in carbon burial rates, signalling a major change in lake carbon cycling dynamics. Carbon mass balances suggested that increasing carbon burial rates were not due to an increase in primary production or allochthonous loading, but instead were due to a higher carbon burial efficiency (carbon burial / carbon deposition). This, in turn, was associated with diminished benthic mineralization rates and an increase in calcite precipitation, together resulting in lower surface carbon dioxide emissions. Finally, a period of unusually high precipitation led to rising water levels, resulting in a feedback loop linking increasing concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to severely anoxic conditions in the phytoplankton-dominated system. High water levels and DOC concentrations diminished benthic primary production (via shading) and boosted pelagic respiration rates, diminishing the hypolimnetic oxygen supply. The resulting anoxia created redox conditions which led to a major release of nutrients, DOC, and iron from the sediments. This further transformed the lake metabolism, providing a prolonged summertime anoxia below a water depth of 1 m, and leading to the near-complete loss of fish and macroinvertebrates. Pelagic pH levels also decreased significantly, increasing surface carbon dioxide emissions by an order of magnitude compared to previous years. Altogether, this thesis adds an important body of knowledge to our understanding of the significance of the benthic zone to carbon cycling in shallow lakes. The contribution of the benthic zone towards whole-lake primary production was quantified, and was identified as an important but vulnerable site for primary production. Benthic mineralization rates were furthermore found to influence carbon burial and surface emission rates, and benthic primary productivity played an important role in determining hypolimnetic oxygen availability, thus controlling the internal sediment loading of nutrients and carbon. This thesis also uniquely demonstrates that the ecological community structure (i.e. stable regime) of a eutrophic, shallow lake can significantly influence carbon availability and processing. By changing carbon cycling pathways, regime shifts in shallow lakes may significantly alter the role of these ecosystems with respect to the global carbon cycle. N2 - Seen werden zunehmend als wichtige Komponente im globalen Kohlenstoffkreislauf anerkannt. Natürliche Veränderungen und anthropogene Aktivitäten beeinflussen die Struktur der Artengemeinschaft von Seen, was Auswirkungen auf den Transport und Umsatz von Kohlenstoff hat. Diese Arbeit konzentriert sich auf die Beziehung zwischen Kohlenstoffkreislauf und der Gemeinschaftsstruktur der Primärproduzenten in kleinen Flachseen. Diese sind der weltweit häufigste Seentyp und weisen durch ihren im Vergleich zur Fläche großen Umfang eine intensive aquatisch-terrestrische Kopplung auf. In Flachseen treten oft Regimewechsel zwischen Makrophyten- und Phytoplankton-Dominanz auf. Diese können potenziell große Konsequenzen für den regionalen Kohlenstoffkreislauf haben. In dieser Dissertation vergleiche ich einen Klarwassersee mit submersen Makrophyten und einen trüben, Phytoplankton-dominierten See hinsichtlich Verfügbarkeit, Umsatz und Export von organischem und anorganischem Kohlenstoff. Des Weiteren habe ich den Effekt der erhöhten Zufuhr von terrestrischem Kohlenstoff auf den internen Kohlenstoffumsatz untersucht. Sowohl die Tagesgänge der pelagischen Sauerstoff-Konzentrationen als auch Fluoreszenz-basierte Messungen der Primärproduktion bewiesen, dass die Präsenz von submersen Makrophyten eine höhere jährliche Brutto-Primärproduktion im Vergleich zu einem Phytoplankton-dominierten See mit ähnlichen Nährstoffkonzentrationen ermöglicht. Ein einfaches, auf den empirischen Daten basierendes Model zeigt, dass diese Unterschiede in der Brutto-Primärproduktion typisch sind für moderat eutrophe Seen mit einer mittleren Tiefe von unter 3 bis vier Metern. In diesen Seen leistet die benthische Primärproduktion den Hauptbeitrag zur Primärproduktion des ganzen Sees. Daraus wird ersichtlich, dass Regimewechsel von Makrophyten- zur Phytoplankton-Dominanz in Flachseen die Verfügbarkeit von autochthonem organischem Kohlenstoff für das Nahrungsnetz reduzieren. Paläolimnologische Analysen in Sedimentkernen beider Seen wiesen darauf hin, dass der Verlust der Makrophyten mit einer vierfachen Zunahme der Kohlenstoff-Speicherraten einhergeht, und somit zu einer großen Veränderung der Dynamik des Kohlenstoffkreislaufs im See führt. Unsere Kohlenstoff-Massenbilanzen zeigen, dass die Erhöhung der Kohlenstoff-Speicherung im Sediment nicht durch die Erhöhung der Primärproduktion oder durch externe Quellen, sondern durch erhöhte der Effizienz der Speicherung begründet war. Dies geht mit einer reduzierten benthischen Mineralisierungsrate und einer erhöhten Calcitfällung einher und führt zu reduzierten Kohlendioxid-Emissionen. Eine Periode ungewöhnlich hoher Niederschläge mit erhöhten Wasserständen führte im Phytoplankton-dominierten See zu zu einem starken Anstieg der Konzentrationen an gelöstem organischem Kohlenstoff (DOC) und zu anoxischen Bedingungen. Es wurde postuliert, dass zwischen diesen Prozessen eine positive Rückkopplung besteht. Die hohen Wasserstände und DOC-Konzentrationen reduzierten die Lichtversorgung und damit die Primärproduktion im Benthal und erhöhten die pelagischen Respirationsraten. Dadurch verringerte sich die Sauerstoffverfügbarkeit im Hypolimnion. Die dadurch erzeugten Redox-Verhältnisse führten zu einer Freisetzung großer Mengen an Nährstoffen, DOC und Eisen aus dem Sediment. Die während des gesamten Sommers andauernden anoxischen Verhältnisse in Wassertiefen unter 1 m führten zu einem fast vollständigen Verlust von Fischen und Makroinvertebraten. Zusätzlich wurde der pH-Wert im Pelagial signifikant erniedrigt und die Kohlenstoffdioxid-Emissionen im Vergleich zu früheren Jahren verzehnfacht. Insgesamt trägt diese Dissertation wesentliche Aspekte zum besseren Verständnis der Bedeutung des Benthals für den Kohlenstoffkreislauf in Flachseen bei. Der Anteil der benthischen Zone an der Primärproduktion in kleinen Flachseen wurde in Relation zur Gesamtproduktion des Systems quantifiziert. Letztlich zeigt diese Arbeit, dass die Gemeinschaftsstruktur der Primärproduzenten eines eutrophen Flachsees die Verfügbarkeit und den Umsatz von Kohlenstoff signifikant beeinflusst. Regimewechsel in Flachseen können durch Änderungen im internen Kohlenstoffkreislauf deren Rolle im globalen Kohlenstoffkreislauf verändern. KW - Carbon Cycling KW - Primärproduktion KW - Anoxie KW - Brownification KW - Carbon cycling KW - primary production KW - anoxia KW - brownification Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68200 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bröker, Kathrin A1 - Kastens, Uwe A1 - Magenheim, Johannes T1 - Competences of Undergraduate Computer Science Students JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - The paper presents two approaches to the development of a Computer Science Competence Model for the needs of curriculum development and evaluation in Higher Education. A normativetheoretical approach is based on the AKT and ACM/IEEE curriculum and will be used within the recommendations of the German Informatics Society (GI) for the design of CS curricula. An empirically oriented approach refines the categories of the first one with regard to specific subject areas by conducting content analysis on CS curricula of important universities from several countries. The refined model will be used for the needs of students’ e-assessment and subsequent affirmative action of the CS departments. KW - Competences KW - Competence Measurement KW - Curriculum Development KW - Computer Science Education KW - Recommendations for CS-Curricula in Higher Education Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82613 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 77 EP - 96 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bubeck, Christoph A1 - Laschewsky, André A1 - Lupo, Donald A1 - Neher, Dieter A1 - Ottenbreit, Petra A1 - Paulus, Wolfgang A1 - Prass, Werner A1 - Ringsdorf, Helmut A1 - Wegner, Gerhard T1 - Amphiphilic dyes for nonlinear optics: Dependence of second harmonic generation on functional group substitution T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 082 Y1 - 1991 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17201 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buchem, Ilona A1 - Okatan, Ebru T1 - Using the Addie Model to Produce MOOCs BT - Experiences from the Oberred Project JF - EMOOCs 2021 N2 - MOOCs have been produced using a variety of instructional design approaches and frameworks. This paper presents experiences from the instructional approach based on the ADDIE model applied to designing and producing MOOCs in the Erasmus+ strategic partnership on Open Badge Ecosystem for Research Data Management (OBERRED). Specifically, this paper describes the case study of the production of the MOOC “Open Badges for Open Science”, delivered on the European MOOC platform EMMA. The key goal of this MOOC is to help learners develop a capacity to use Open Badges in the field of Research Data Management (RDM). To produce the MOOC, the ADDIE model was applied as a generic instructional design model and a systematic approach to the design and development following the five design phases: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation. This paper outlines the MOOC production including methods, templates and tools used in this process including the interactive micro-content created with H5P in form of Open Educational Resources and digital credentials created with Open Badges and issued to MOOC participants upon successful completion of MOOC levels. The paper also outlines the results from qualitative evaluation, which applied the cognitive walkthrough methodology to elicit user requirements. The paper ends with conclusions about pros and cons of using the ADDIE model in MOOC production and formulates recommendations for further work in this area. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-517274 SN - 978-3-86956-512-5 VL - 2021 SP - 249 EP - 258 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - INPR A1 - Buchholz, Thilo A1 - Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang T1 - Volterra operators and parabolicity : anisotropic pseudo-differential operators N2 - Parabolic equations on manifolds with singularities require a new calculus of anisotropic pseudo-differential operators with operator-valued symbols. The paper develops this theory along the lines of sn abstract wedge calculus with strongly continuous groups of isomorphisms on the involved Banach spaces. The corresponding pseodo-diferential operators are continuous in anisotropic wedge Sobolev spaces, and they form an alegbra. There is then introduced the concept of anisotropic parameter-dependent ellipticity, based on an order reduction variant of the pseudo-differential calculus. The theory is appled to a class of parabolic differential operators, and it is proved the invertibility in Sobolev spaces with exponential weights at infinity in time direction. T3 - Preprint - (1998) 11 Y1 - 1998 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-25231 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Buffon, Giuseppe T1 - The Franciscans in Cathay BT - memory of men and places. A Contribution for the genealogy of geographical knowledge of Alexander von Humboldt JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies N2 - The study analyzes the process that leads to the elaboration of the thesis of a continuity between the Medieval Asia mission and the New World mission. This effort, undertaken by the Catholic historiography of the mission during the XIX century, is the result of the impulse provided by Alexander von Humboldt’s studies about the discovery of America (Examen critique). The data about the geography of Asia collected by the missionaries-travelers working in the territory between Karakorum and Khanbalik during the XIII e XIV century reaches Christopher Colombus with the mediation of Roger Bacon, whom Humboldt himself esteems as a true cultural mediator. The conclusion of the article tries to identify reasons and modalities of the secularization of the missionary concept, i.e. the shift from the ideal of the propagation of the Christian message to a prevailing interest for cartography and topography, transformations arranged by a late medieval historiography that introduces into martyrolagia the loca toponomastica. N2 - Lo studio analizza il processo che conduce all’elaborazione della tesi di una continuità tra missione asiatica medievale e missione nel Nuovo Mondo. L’impegno, assunto dalla storiografia missionaria cattolica lungo il corso del XIX secolo, costituisce l’esito dell’impulso proveniente dagli studi svolti da Alexander von Humboldt intorno all’esplorazione delle Americhe (Examen critique). Le informazioni sullo spazio asiatico trasmesse dai missionari operanti durante il XIII e il XIV secolo tra Karakorum e Khanbaliq pervengono a Cristoforo Colombo mediante Ruggero Bacone (Opus majus), che Humlbodt stesso stima mediatore culturale per antonomasia. La parte conclusiva della ricerca si occupa di stabilire modalità e ragioni della secolarizzazione del concetto di missione, cioè del trasferimento all’interesse cartografico dell’anelito alla propagazione del messaggio cristiano fino agli estremi confini della terra, trasformazione predisposta dalla storiografia medievale che nei martirologia inserisce appunto i loca toponomastici. N2 - El estudio analiza el proceso que conduce a la elaboración de la tesis sobre una posible continuidad entre la misión asiática medieval y la misión en el Nuevo Mundo. El empeño, asumido por parte de la historiografía misionera católica a lo largo del siglo XIX, constituye el resultado del impulso proveniente de los estudios desarrollados por Alexander von Humboldt en torno a la exploración de las Américas (Examen critique). Las informaciones sobre el espacio asiático transmitidas por los misioneros que operaron durante los siglos XIII y XIV entre Karakorum y Khanbaliq llegan a Cristobal Colón a través de Roger Bacon (Opus majus), que el mismo Humboldt considera como un mediador cultural por antonomasia. La parte conclusiva de la investigación se dedica a establecer las modalidades y regiones de la secularización del concepto de misión, es decir, de la transferencia al interés cartográfico del anhelo por la propagación del mensaje cristiano hasta los extremos confines de la tierra, una transformación que fue predispuesta por la historiografía medieval que en los martirologios insertaba los lugares toponímicos. KW - examen critique KW - Franziskaner KW - Kolonialgeschichte KW - Kolonialismus KW - Kolumbus KW - Ordensgeschichte Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-86920 SN - 1617-5239 SN - 2568-3543 VL - XVI IS - 30 SP - 13 EP - 28 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Burchardt, Dana T1 - The Functions of Law and Their Challenges BT - The Differentiated Functionality of International Law T2 - KFG Working Paper Series N2 - This paper illustrates the functional and conceptual variances of law in different contexts. Whereas legal actors on the international level might normatively aim for law to have a similar effect to that of domestic law, the way in which international and supranational law can fulfil these potential functions is different. Accordingly, this paper argues that an awareness with regard to the particularities and challenges that the potential functions of law encounter in the international and supranational context is needed. Moreover, it suggests an analytical lens to conceptually frame and locate current developments, offering a broader perspective on, or even an element of explication for, the apparent crisis that law is currently facing on the international and supranational scale. After describing the potential functions of law on an abstract scale and grouping them into analytical categories, the paper uses these categories as a lens in order to assess in which way international law can fulfil these potential functions, where priorities regarding certain functions might differ and where some aspects of these functions are challenged when law is made and applied in the international and supranational sphere. T3 - KFG Working Paper Series - 17 Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-422318 SN - 2509-3770 SN - 2509-3762 IS - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Busch, Jan Philip A1 - Meißner, Tobias A1 - Potthoff, Annegret A1 - Oswald, Sascha T1 - Plating of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) on activated carbon : a fast delivery method of iron for source remediation? N2 - The use of nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) for environmental remediation is a promising new technique for in situ remediation. Due to its high surface area and high reactivity, nZVI is able to dechlorinate organic contaminants and render them harmless. Limited mobility, due to fast aggregation and sedimentation of nZVI, limits the capability for source and plume remediation. Carbo-Iron is a newly developed material consisting of activated carbon particles (d50 = 0,8 µm) that are plated with nZVI particles. These particles combine the mobility of activated carbon and the reactivity of nZVI. This paper presents the first results of the transport experiments. N2 - Der Einsatz von elementarem Nanoeisen ist eine vielversprechende Technik zur Sanierung von Altlastenschadensfällen. Aufgrund der hohen Oberfläche und der hohen Reaktivität kannn ZVI chlororganische Schadstoffe dechlorieren und zu harmlosen Substanzen umwandeln. Der Einsatz von Nanoeisen zur Quellen- und Fahnensanierung wird jedoch durch mangelnde Mobilität im Boden im eingeschränkt. Carbo-Iron ist ein neu entwickeltes Material, das aus Aktivkohlepartikeln (d50 = 0,8 µm) und nZVI besteht. Diese Partikel kombinieren die Mobilit ät von Aktivkohle mit der Reaktivität von nZVI. Dieser Artikel beschreibt erste Ergebnisse von Transportuntersuchungen. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 165 KW - Carbo-Iron KW - Nanoeisen KW - nZVI KW - Grundwassersanierung KW - Carbo-Iron KW - nano zero-valent iron KW - nZVI KW - remediation Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53792 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Buser, Andreas T1 - Colonial Injustices and the Law of State Responsibility BT - The CARICOM Claim for Reparations T2 - KFG Working Paper Series N2 - Caribbean States organised in CARICOM recently brought forward reparation claims against several European States to compensate slavery and (native) genocides in the Caribbean and even threatened to approach the International Court of Justice. The paper provides for an analysis of the facts behind the CARICOM claim and asks whether the law of state responsibility is able to provide for the demanded compensation. As the intertemporal principle generally prohibits retroactive application of today’s international rules, the paper argues that the complete claim must be based on the law of state responsibility governing in the time of the respective conduct. An inquiry into the history of primary (prohibition of slavery and genocide) as well as secondary rules of State responsibility reveals that both sets of rules were underdeveloped or non-existent at the times of slavery and alleged (native) genocides. Therefore, the author concludes that the CARICOM claim is legally flawed but nevertheless worth the attention as it once again exposes imperial and colonial injustices of the past and their legitimization by historical international law and international/natural lawyers. T3 - KFG Working Paper Series - 4 KW - CARICOM KW - Colonialism KW - Law of State Responsibility KW - Compensation KW - Reparation KW - Caribbean KW - International Court of Justice Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-420541 SN - 2509-3770 SN - 2509-3762 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Butler, Mark T1 - On reality and simulation in an extra-moral sense BT - the playful logic of life and death in Liberty City JF - DIGAREC series N2 - This paper is a critical examination of the relationship between reality and simulation. After a brief theoretical introduction, it unfolds its argument on an empirical level, using a thick game playing description of GRAND THEFT AUTO IV. This in-game experience serves as material for the subsequent analysis, in the course of which defining characteristics of computer game playing are formulated. Finally, on the basis of this analysis, the paper postulates the hypothesis that playing computer games like GTA IV promotes competency in deconstructing simulations and implements a cyclic logic of recreation. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-42787 SN - 1867-6227 SN - 1867-6219 IS - 4 SP - 212 EP - 236 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Butzer, Evi T1 - A Repertory of Yiddish Manuscripts from the Netherland JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. Y1 - 2004 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22930 SN - 1862-7684 SN - 1614-6492 IS - 9 SP - 28 EP - 31 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bynens, Maarten A1 - Van Landuyt, Dimitri A1 - Truyen, Eddy A1 - Joosen, Wouter T1 - Towards reusable aspects: the callback mismatch problem N2 - Because software development is increasingly expensive and timeconsuming, software reuse gains importance. Aspect-oriented software development modularizes crosscutting concerns which enables their systematic reuse. Literature provides a number of AOP patterns and best practices for developing reusable aspects based on compelling examples for concerns like tracing, transactions and persistence. However, such best practices are lacking for systematically reusing invasive aspects. In this paper, we present the ‘callback mismatch problem’. This problem arises in the context of abstraction mismatch, in which the aspect is required to issue a callback to the base application. As a consequence, the composition of invasive aspects is cumbersome to implement, difficult to maintain and impossible to reuse. We motivate this problem in a real-world example, show that it persists in the current state-of-the-art, and outline the need for advanced aspectual composition mechanisms to deal with this. KW - reusable aspects KW - invasive aspects KW - aspect adapter Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41347 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Bäumler, Jelena T1 - The WTO’s Crisis BT - Between a Rock and a Hard Place T2 - KFG Working Paper Series N2 - The perception of the WTO is currently one of an organisation in crisis. Yet, appraisal varies regarding its extent and seriousness: Is it merely a rough time or are we standing on the edge of destruction? The article will trace developments inside as well as outside the WTO in order to assess the magnitude of the crisis. It will be argued that while certain developments inside the organisation, when seen in accumulation would already warrant serious attention, only together with developments taking place outside of the WTO, the two strands of developments unfold their full potential for the crisis. The overall situation renders the WTO in a difficult position, as it is currently unable to adapt to these challenges, while keeping calm and carrying on might similarly further the crisis. While States might improve and further develop their trade relations in bi- and plurilateral agreements, it is only the WTO that reflects and stands for the multilateral post (cold) war order. T3 - KFG Working Paper Series - 42 Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-476017 IS - 42 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bóka, János ED - Badó, Attila ED - Belling, Detlev W. ED - Bóka, János ED - Mezei, Péter T1 - Use of the Comparative Method by the Hungarian Constitutional Court - Conceptual and Methodological Framework for an Ongoing Research Project JF - Internationale Konferenz zum zehnjährigen Bestehen des Instituts für Rechtsvergleichung der Universität Szeged Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-73632 IS - 1 SP - 93 EP - 107 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Böckmann, Christine A1 - Biele, Jens A1 - Neuber, Roland A1 - Niebsch, Jenny T1 - Retrieval of multimodal aerosol size distribution by inversion of multiwavelength data N2 - The ill-posed problem of aerosol size distribution determination from a small number of backscatter and extinction measurements was solved successfully with a mollifier method which is advantageous since the ill-posed part is performed on exactly given quantities, the points r where n(r) is evaluated may be freely selected. A new twodimensional model for the troposphere is proposed. T3 - NLD Preprints - 38 KW - Multiwavelength LIDAR KW - aerosol size distribution KW - ill-posed problem KW - inversion KW - mollifier method KW - coated and absorbing aerosols Y1 - 1997 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14360 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Böckmann, Christine A1 - Niebsch, Jenny T1 - Examination of the nonlinear LIDAR-operator : the influence of inhomogeneous absorbing spheres on the operator N2 - The determination of the atmospheric aerosol size distribution is an inverse illposed problem. The shape and the material composition of the air-carried particles are two substantial model parameters. Present evaluation algorithms only used an approximation with spherical homogeneous particles. In this paper we propose a new numerically efficient recursive algorithm for inhomogeneous multilayered coated and absorbing particles. Numerical results of real existing particles show that the influence of the two parameters on the model is very important and therefore cannot be ignored. T3 - NLD Preprints - 47 KW - multiwavelength lidar KW - aerosol size distribution KW - inverse ill-posed problem KW - multilayered coated and absorbing aerosol KW - new recursive algorithm Y1 - 1998 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14725 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Böckmann, Christine A1 - Sarközi, Janos T1 - The ill-posed inversion of multiwavelength lidar data by a hybrid method of variable projection N2 - The ill-posed problem of aerosol distribution determination from a small number of backscatter and extinction lidar measurements was solved successfully via a hybrid method by a variable dimension of projection with B-Splines. Numerical simulation results with noisy data at different measurement situations show that it is possible to derive a reconstruction of the aerosol distribution only with 4 measurements. T3 - NLD Preprints - 53 KW - Ill-posed problem KW - inversion KW - variable projection method KW - multiwavelength Lidar KW - aerosol distribution Y1 - 1999 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14847 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bögel, Tina A1 - Butt, Miriam A1 - Hautli, Annette A1 - Sulger, Sebastian T1 - Developing a finite-state morphological analyzer for Urdu and Hindi N2 - We introduce and discuss a number of issues that arise in the process of building a finite-state morphological analyzer for Urdu, in particular issues with potential ambiguity and non-concatenative morphology. Our approach allows for an underlyingly similar treatment of both Urdu and Hindi via a cascade of finite-state transducers that transliterates the very different scripts into a common ASCII transcription system. As this transliteration system is based on the XFST tools that the Urdu/Hindi common morphological analyzer is also implemented in, no compatibility problems arise. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27155 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Böhme, Stefan T1 - Normality in videogames and the ‘Avalanche of Numbers’ JF - DIGAREC Lectures 2008/09 : Vorträge am Zentrum für Computerspielforschung mit Wissenschaftsforum der Deutschen Gamestage ; Quo Vadis 2008 und 2009 N2 - Normality is one of the defining categories of our society. Statistics of all kinds play a crucial part in establishing the normal. Computers, on the other hand, have a very close connection to statistics as the digital world is a statistical one in itself. In a multitude of games statistics are used as an element of gameplay. In this perspective, games can be regarded as a training in self-normalization. However, it is still questionable whether this leads to a genuine production of normality. Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-33238 SN - 978-3-86956-004-5 SN - 1867-6219 IS - 2 SP - 116 EP - 127 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Büchner, Steffen T1 - Empirical and Normative Research on Fundamental Ideas of Embedded System Development JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT KW - Theory KW - Embedded Systems KW - Fundamental Ideas Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82949 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 393 EP - 396 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Błaszczak, Joanna T1 - Why is a predicate inversion analysis problematic? BT - Insights from existential, locative and possessive constructions JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432240 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 119 EP - 133 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Cabalar, Pedro T1 - Existential quantifiers in the rule body N2 - In this paper we consider a simple syntactic extension of Answer Set Programming (ASP) for dealing with (nested) existential quantifiers and double negation in the rule bodies, in a close way to the recent proposal RASPL-1. The semantics for this extension just resorts to Equilibrium Logic (or, equivalently, to the General Theory of Stable Models), which provides a logic-programming interpretation for any arbitrary theory in the syntax of Predicate Calculus. We present a translation of this syntactic class into standard logic programs with variables (either disjunctive or normal, depending on the input rule heads), as those allowed by current ASP solvers. The translation relies on the introduction of auxiliary predicates and the main result shows that it preserves strong equivalence modulo the original signature. Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41476 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Calderón, D. A1 - Ballone, A. A1 - Cuadra, J. A1 - Schartmann, M. A1 - Burkert, Andreas A1 - Gillessen, S. T1 - Formation of the infalling Galactic Centre cloud G2 by collision of stellar winds JF - Wolf-Rayet Stars : Proceedings of an International Workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 1.–5. June 2015 N2 - The gas cloud G2 is currently being tidally disrupted by the Galactic Centre super-massive black hole, Sgr A*. The region around the black hole is populated by ∼ 30 Wolf-Rayet stars, which produce strong outflows. Here we explore the possibility that gas clumps like G2 originate from the collision of stellar winds via the non-linear thin shell instability. Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-88412 SP - 356 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Calin, Ovidium A1 - Der-Chen, Chang T1 - The geometry on a step 3 Grushin model N2 - In this article we study the geometry associated with the sub-elliptic operator ½ (X²1 +X²2), where X1 = ∂x and X2 = x²/2 ∂y are vector fields on R². We show that any point can be connected with the origin by at least one geodesic and we provide an approximate formula for the number of the geodesics between the origin and the points situated outside of the y-axis. We show there are in¯nitely many geodesics between the origin and the points on the y-axis. T3 - Preprint - (2004) 08 KW - Grushin operator KW - subRiemannian geometry KW - geodesics KW - Hamilton-Jacobi theory KW - elliptic functions KW - Euler's theta functions Y1 - 2004 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-26724 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Calvillo-Gámez, Eduardo H. A1 - Cairns, Paul T1 - Pulling the strings : a theory of puppetry for the gaming experience N2 - The paper aims to bring the experience of playing videogames closer to objective knowledge, where the experience can be assessed and falsified via an operational concept. The theory focuses on explaining the basic elements that form the core of the process of the experience. The name of puppetry is introduced after discussing the similarities in the importance of experience for both videogames and theatrical puppetry. Puppetry, then, operationalizes the gaming experience into a concept that can be assessed. Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27509 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Calvo, D. A1 - Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang T1 - Operators on corner manifolds with exit to infinity N2 - We study (pseudo-)differential operators on a manifold with edge Z, locally modelled on a wedge with model cone that has itself a base manifold W with smooth edge Y . The typical operators A are corner degenerate in a specific way. They are described (modulo ‘lower order terms’) by a principal symbolic hierarchy σ(A) = (σ ψ(A), σ ^(A), σ ^(A)), where σ ψ is the interior symbol and σ ^(A)(y, η), (y, η) 2 T*Y \ 0, the (operator-valued) edge symbol of ‘first generation’, cf. [15]. The novelty here is the edge symbol σ^ of ‘second generation’, parametrised by (z, Ϛ) 2 T*Z \ 0, acting on weighted Sobolev spaces on the infinite cone with base W. Since such a cone has edges with exit to infinity, the calculus has the problem to understand the behaviour of operators on a manifold of that kind. We show the continuity of corner-degenerate operators in weighted edge Sobolev spaces, and we investigate the ellipticity of edge symbols of second generation. Starting from parameter-dependent elliptic families of edge operators of first generation, we obtain the Fredholm property of higher edge symbols on the corresponding singular infinite model cone. T3 - Preprint - (2005) 01 KW - Operators on manifolds with edge and conical exit to infinity KW - Sobolev spaces with double weights on singular cones Y1 - 2005 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-29753 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Camalès, Renaud T1 - A note on the ramified Cauchy problem N2 - In this paper, the ramified Cauchy problem in C² for operator with multiple characteristics of constant multiplicity and second member ramified around some analytic set is studied. T3 - Preprint - (2003) 21 KW - Ramified Cauchy problem KW - analytic continuation Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-26646 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Campbell, Edwina S. T1 - Berlin : look to the world! N2 - In the spring 2004 issue of WeltTrends, Professor Gunther Hellmann made a „plea for offensive idealism“ and „against the power political resocialization of German foreign policy“. To a long-time outside observer of that foreign policy, this plea is unsurprising, but depressing. In keeping with Professor Hellmann’s own willingness, „notwendige Differenzierungen [zu] vernachlässigen zugunsten einer bewussten Zuspitzung“ I will comment on the aspects of his argument that strike an American colleague as particularly disturbing. KW - Deutschland KW - Außenpolitik KW - Resozialisierung KW - Germany KW - foreign policy KW - resocialisation Y1 - 2004 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-46591 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Caner, Havva Ayşe A1 - Seggie, Fatma Nevra T1 - Gender, student achievement, and regional discrepancies JF - Potsdamer geographische Praxis N2 - 1. Introduction 2. Gender discrepancies in education 3. Academic discrepancies in education 4. Regional Discrepancies in Education 5. Conclusion KW - Europäische Werteerziehung KW - Familie KW - Lehrevaluation KW - Studierendenaustausch KW - Unterrichtseinheiten KW - Curriculum Framework KW - European values education KW - Family KW - lesson evaluation KW - student exchange KW - teaching units KW - curriculum framework Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65923 SN - 2194-1599 SN - 2194-1602 IS - 3 SP - 31 EP - 35 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Capra, Elena Sofia ED - Ambühl, Annemarie ED - Carlà-Uhink, Filippo ED - Rollinger, Christian ED - Walde, Christine T1 - "Orfeo out of Care" BT - The Reception of the Classical Myth of Orpheus from Sir Orfeo to Tolkien JF - thersites 15 N2 - The paper focuses on an example of multiple-step reception: the contribution of the classical story of Orpheus and Eurydice and the mediaeval lay Sir Orfeo to Tolkien’s work. In the first part, I compare the lay with Virgilian and Ovidian versions of Orpheus’ myth. This comparison shows the anonymous author’s deep knowledge of the ancient texts and complex way of rewriting them through stealing and hybridization. The lay was highly esteemed by Tolkien, who translated it and took inspiration from it while describing the Elven kingdom in The Hobbit and building the storyline of Beren and Lúthien in The Silmarillion. Through this key tale, Orpheus/Orfeo’s romance has a deep influence also on Aragorn and Arwen’s story in The Lord of the Rings. The most important element that Tolkien takes from the Sir Orfeo figuration of the ancient story is undoubtedly the insertion of political theme: the link established between the recovery of the main character’s beloved and the return to royal responsability. The second part of the paper is, thus, dedicated to the reception of Sir Orfeo and the classical myth in Tolkien. It shows how in his work the different steps of the tradition of Orpheus’ story are co-present, creating an inextricable substrate of inspiration that nourishes his imagination. KW - Orpheus and Eurydice KW - Sir Orfeo KW - reception KW - Tolkien KW - Beren and Lúthien Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.34679/thersites.vol15.209 SN - 2364-7612 VL - 2022 IS - 15 SP - 52 EP - 89 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Casas, Vicente Durán T1 - Immanuel Kant, Alexander von Humboldt and the Tequendama Fall BT - Two Prussians linked by Geography JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International Review for Humboldtian Studies N2 - Immanuel Kant mentions in his Physical Geography the waterfall of the Bogotá River in South America, known today as the Salto de Tequendama, which is located near Bogotá, the capital city of Colombia. Kant claims that this was the highest waterfall in the world, which is not true. Alexander von Humboldt could not know anything about it, but he visited the Salto in 1801, just before the publication of Kant‘s Physical Geography, and went to personally measure the height of the Salto. In this paper we make a comparison of both personalities who, unknowingly, were united by their interest in the Salto de Tequendama. N2 - Immanuel Kant menciona en su Geografía Física la cascada del Río Bogotá en América del Sur, conocida hoy como el Salto de Tequendama, que se encuentra cerca de Bogotá, la capital de Colombia. Aquí Kant afirma que esa era la caída de agua más alta del mundo, lo cual no es cierto. Alexander von Humboldt no podía saber nada de eso, pero visitó el Salto en 1801, justo antes de la publicación de la Geografía Física de Kant, y fue a medir personalmente la altura del Salto. En este escrito hacemos una comparación de ambas personalidades que, sin saberlo, estuvieron unidas por su interés por el Salto de Tequendama. N2 - Immanuel Kant erwähnt in seiner Physischen Geographie den Wasserfall vom Rio Bogotá in Südamerika, der als Salto del Tequendama bekannt ist und in der Nähe der Hauptstadt Kolumbiens, in Bogotá, liegt. Dabei behauptet Kant er sei der Höchste Wasserfall der Welt, was nicht stimmt. Alexander von Humboldt dürfte von Kants Behauptung nichts wissen aber besuchte den Salto 1801, kurz bevor Kants Physische Geographie veröffentlicht wurde; er ging hin um die Höche von Salto zu messen. In diesem Aufsatz werden beide Persönlichkeiten verglichen, da sie durch diesen Wasserfall verbunden wurden ohne es zu wissen. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-419404 SN - 1617-5239 SN - 2568-3543 VL - XIX IS - 36 SP - 35 EP - 46 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Casiraghi, Daniela A1 - Sancassani, Susanna A1 - Brambilla, Federica T1 - The Role of MOOCs in the New Educational Scenario BT - An Integrated Strategy for Faculty Development JF - EMOOCs 2021 N2 - The COVID-19 pandemic emergency has forced a profound reshape of our lives. Our way of working and studying has been disrupted with the result of an acceleration of the shift to the digital world. To properly adapt to this change, we need to outline and implement new urgent strategies and approaches which put learning at the center, supporting workers and students to further develop “future proof” skills. In the last period, universities and educational institutions have demonstrated that they can play an important role in this context, also leveraging on the potential of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) which proved to be an important vehicle of flexibility and adaptation in a general context characterised by several constraints. From March 2020 till now, we have witnessed an exponential growth of MOOCs enrollments numbers, with “traditional” students interested in different topics not necessarily integrated to their curricular studies. To support students and faculty development during the spreading of the pandemic, Politecnico di Milano focused on one main dimension: faculty development for a better integration of digital tools and contents in the e-learning experience. The current discussion focuses on how to improve the integration of MOOCs in the in-presence activities to create meaningful learning and teaching experiences, thereby leveraging blended learning approaches to engage both students and external stakeholders to equip them with future job relevance skills. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-517315 SN - 978-3-86956-512-5 VL - 2021 SP - 271 EP - 274 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Cassinelli, Joseph P. T1 - Discussion: Magnetic fields, variability Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18195 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Cassinelli, Joseph P. A1 - Ignace, R. A1 - Waldron, W. A1 - Cho, J. A1 - Murphy, N. A1 - Lazarian, A. T1 - X-ray line emission produced in clump bow shocks N2 - We summarize Chandra observations of the emission line profiles from 17 OB stars. The lines tend to be broad and unshifted. The forbidden/intercombination line ratios arising from Helium-like ions provide radial distance information for the X-ray emission sources, while the H-like to He-like line ratios provide X-ray temperatures, and thus also source temperature versus radius distributions. OB stars usually show power law differential emission measure distributions versus temperature. In models of bow shocks, we find a power law differential emission measure, a wide range of ion stages, and the bow shock flow around the clumps provides transverse velocities comparable to HWHM values. We find that the bow shock results for the line profile properties, consistent with the observations of X-ray line emission for a broad range of OB star properties. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18057 ER -