TY - JOUR A1 - Buratti, Bonnie J. A1 - Thomas, P. C. A1 - Roussos, E. A1 - Howett, Carly A1 - Seiss, Martin A1 - Hendrix, A. R. A1 - Helfenstein, Paul A1 - Brown, R. H. A1 - Clark, R. N. A1 - Denk, Tilmann A1 - Filacchione, Gianrico A1 - Hoffmann, Holger A1 - Jones, Geraint H. A1 - Khawaja, N. A1 - Kollmann, Peter A1 - Krupp, Norbert A1 - Lunine, Jonathan A1 - Momary, T. W. A1 - Paranicas, Christopher A1 - Postberg, Frank A1 - Sachse, Manuel A1 - Spahn, Frank A1 - Spencer, John A1 - Srama, Ralf A1 - Albin, T. A1 - Baines, K. H. A1 - Ciarniello, Mauro A1 - Economou, Thanasis A1 - Hsu, Hsiang-Wen A1 - Kempf, Sascha A1 - Krimigis, Stamatios M. A1 - Mitchell, Donald A1 - Moragas-Klostermeyer, Georg A1 - Nicholson, Philip D. A1 - Porco, C. C. A1 - Rosenberg, Heike A1 - Simolka, Jonas A1 - Soderblom, Laurence A. T1 - Close Cassini flybys of Saturn’s ring moons Pan, Daphnis, Atlas, Pandora, and Epimetheus JF - Science N2 - Saturn’s main ring system is associated with a set of small moons that either are embedded within it or interact with the rings to alter their shape and composition. Five close flybys of the moons Pan, Daphnis, Atlas, Pandora, and Epimetheus were performed between December 2016 and April 2017 during the ring-grazing orbits of the Cassini mission. Data on the moons’ morphology, structure, particle environment, and composition were returned, along with images in the ultraviolet and thermal infrared. We find that the optical properties of the moons’ surfaces are determined by two competing processes: contamination by a red material formed in Saturn’s main ring system and accretion of bright icy particles or water vapor from volcanic plumes originating on the moon Enceladus. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat2349 SN - 0036-8075 SN - 1095-9203 VL - 364 IS - 6445 SP - 1053 PB - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science CY - Washington ER -