TY - JOUR
A1 - Ulrich, Peter
A1 - Zeißig, Hanna
A1 - Witting, Antje
T1 - Handlungsempfehlungen für die lokale Governance und Übertragbarkeit auf Brandenburg
JF - KWI-Schriften
KW - Governance
KW - lokale Governance
KW - Handlungsempfehlungen
KW - Brandenburg
KW - Digitalisierung
KW - governance
KW - local governance
KW - policy recommendations
KW - Brandenburg
KW - digitalization
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631182
SN - 978-3-86956-571-2
SN - 1867-951X
SN - 1867-9528
IS - 14
SP - 101
EP - 124
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Palmer, Matthew D.
A1 - Gregory, Jonathan
A1 - Bagge, Meike
A1 - Calvert, Daley
A1 - Hagedoorn, Jan Marius
A1 - Howard, Tom
A1 - Klemann, Volker
A1 - Lowe, Jason A.
A1 - Roberts, Chris
A1 - Slangen, Aimee B. A.
A1 - Spada, Giorgio
T1 - Exploring the drivers of global and local sea‐level change over the 21st century and beyond
JF - Earth's future
N2 - We present a new set of global and local sea‐level projections at example tide gauge locations under the RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 emissions scenarios. Compared to the CMIP5‐based sea‐level projections presented in IPCC AR5, we introduce a number of methodological innovations, including (i) more comprehensive treatment of uncertainties, (ii) direct traceability between global and local projections, and (iii) exploratory extended projections to 2300 based on emulation of individual CMIP5 models. Combining the projections with observed tide gauge records, we explore the contribution to total variance that arises from sea‐level variability, different emissions scenarios, and model uncertainty. For the period out to 2300 we further breakdown the model uncertainty by sea‐level component and consider the dependence on geographic location, time horizon, and emissions scenario. Our analysis highlights the importance of local variability for sea‐level change in the coming decades and the potential value of annual‐to‐decadal predictions of local sea‐level change. Projections to 2300 show a substantial degree of committed sea‐level rise under all emissions scenarios considered and highlight the reduced future risk associated with RCP2.6 and RCP4.5 compared to RCP8.5. Tide gauge locations can show large ( > 50%) departures from the global average, in some cases even reversing the sign of the change. While uncertainty in projections of the future Antarctic ice dynamic response tends to dominate post‐2100, we see substantial differences in the breakdown of model variance as a function of location, time scale, and emissions scenario.
KW - climate change
KW - CMIP5 models
KW - RCP scenarios
KW - sea-level projections
KW - tide gauge observations
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001413
SN - 2328-4277
VL - 8
IS - 9
SP - 1
EP - 25
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ulrich, Peter
T1 - Lokale Partizipation von Digitalen Pionieren in ländlicher Governance
JF - KWI-Schriften
KW - Governance
KW - Partizipation
KW - Zivilgesellschaft
KW - Digitalisierung
KW - ländliche Governance
KW - governance
KW - participation
KW - civil society
KW - digitalization
KW - rural governance
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631178
SN - 978-3-86956-571-2
SN - 1867-951X
SN - 1867-9528
IS - 14
SP - 85
EP - 97
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ulrich, Peter
T1 - Regionale und lokale Governance
BT - Konzeptionelle Einordung eines sozialwissenschaftlichen Modebegriffs im Kontext ländlicher Entwicklung
JF - KWI-Schriften
KW - Governance
KW - Regionale Governance
KW - Lokale Governance
KW - ländliche Entwicklung
KW - Entwicklung
KW - governance
KW - regional governance
KW - local governance
KW - rural development
KW - development
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631166
SN - 978-3-86956-571-2
SN - 1867-951X
SN - 1867-9528
IS - 14
SP - 75
EP - 84
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Varykhalov, Andrei
A1 - Freyse, Friedrich
A1 - Aguilera, Irene
A1 - Battiato, Marco
A1 - Krivenkov, Maxim
A1 - Marchenko, Dmitry
A1 - Bihlmayer, Gustav
A1 - Blugel, Stefan
A1 - Rader, Oliver
A1 - Sanchez-Barriga, Jaime
T1 - Effective mass enhancement and ultrafast electron dynamics of Au(111) surface state coupled to a quantum well
JF - Physical Review Research
N2 - We show that, although the equilibrium band dispersion of the Shockley-type surface state of two-dimensional Au(111) quantum films grown on W(110) does not deviate from the expected free-electron-like behavior, its nonequilibrium energy-momentum dispersion probed by time- and angle-resolved photoemission exhibits a remarkable kink above the Fermi level due to a significant enhancement of the effective mass. The kink is pronounced for certain thicknesses of the Au quantum well and vanishes in the very thin limit. We identify the kink as induced by the coupling between the Au(111) surface state and emergent quantum-well states which probe directly the buried gold-tungsten interface. The signatures of the coupling are further revealed by our time-resolved measurements which show that surface state and quantum-well states thermalize together behaving as dynamically locked electron populations. In particular, relaxation of hot carriers following laser excitation is similar for both surface state and quantum-well states and much slower than expected for a bulk metallic system. The influence of quantum confinement on the interplay between elementary scattering processes of the electrons at the surface and ultrafast carrier transport in the direction perpendicular to the surface is shown to be the reason for the slow electron dynamics.
KW - AG
KW - Flims
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.013343
SN - 0031-9007
VL - 2
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 9
PB - American Physical Society
CY - Ridge, NY
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bembnista, Kamil
A1 - Mettenberger, Tobias
A1 - Zscherneck, Julia
T1 - Soziale Netzwerke als Ressourcenzugänge für Digitale Pioniere
JF - KWI-Schriften
KW - Netzwerk
KW - soziales Netzwerk
KW - Ressource
KW - Digitalisierung
KW - Pioniere
KW - Akteure
KW - network
KW - social network
KW - resource
KW - digitalization
KW - pioneer
KW - actor
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631156
SN - 978-3-86956-571-2
SN - 1867-951X
SN - 1867-9528
IS - 14
SP - 51
EP - 72
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Binder, Julia
A1 - Mettenberger, Tobias
T1 - Schlüsselfiguren in ländlichen Netzwerken
JF - KWI-Schriften
KW - Schlüsselfiguren
KW - ländliche Räume
KW - Netzwerk
KW - Akteure
KW - Pioniere
KW - leader
KW - rural areas
KW - network
KW - actor
KW - pioneer
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631133
SN - 978-3-86956-571-2
SN - 1867-951X
SN - 1867-9528
IS - 14
SP - 39
EP - 50
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zscherneck, Julia
A1 - Zeißig, Hanna
A1 - Mettenberger, Tobias
T1 - Untersuchungsregionen Mecklenburg-Vorpommern und Baden-Württemberg und kommunale Zuschnitte
JF - KWI-Schriften
KW - Region
KW - Kommune
KW - Baden-Württemberg
KW - Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
KW - Brandenburg
KW - region
KW - municipality
KW - Baden-Wuerttemberg
KW - Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
KW - Brandenburg
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631106
SN - 978-3-86956-571-2
SN - 1867-951X
SN - 1867-9528
IS - 14
SP - 25
EP - 36
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schorn, Sina
A1 - Salman-Carvalho, Verena
A1 - Littmann, Sten
A1 - Ionescu, Danny
A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter
A1 - Cypionka, Heribert
T1 - Cell architecture of the giant sulfur bacterium achromatium oxaliferum
BT - Extra-cytoplasmic localization of calcium carbonate bodies
JF - FEMS Microbiology Ecology
N2 - Achromatium oxaliferum is a large sulfur bacterium easily recognized by large intracellular calcium carbonate bodies. Although these bodies often fill major parts of the cells' volume, their role and specific intracellular location are unclear. In this study, we used various microscopy and staining techniques to identify the cell compartment harboring the calcium carbonate bodies. We observed that Achromatium cells often lost their calcium carbonate bodies, either naturally or induced by treatments with diluted acids, ethanol, sodium bicarbonate and UV radiation which did not visibly affect the overall shape and motility of the cells (except for UV radiation). The water-soluble fluorescent dye fluorescein easily diffused into empty cavities remaining after calcium carbonate loss. Membranes (stained with Nile Red) formed a network stretching throughout the cell and surrounding empty or filled calcium carbonate cavities. The cytoplasm (stained with FITC and SYBR Green for nucleic acids) appeared highly condensed and showed spots of dissolved Ca2+ (stained with Fura-2). From our observations, we conclude that the calcium carbonate bodies are located in the periplasm, in extra-cytoplasmic pockets of the cytoplasmic membrane and are thus kept separate from the cell's cytoplasm. This periplasmic localization of the carbonate bodies might explain their dynamic formation and release upon environmental changes.
KW - sulfur-bacteria
KW - calcium carbonate inclusions
KW - extra-cytoplasmic pockets
KW - calcite
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz200
SN - 1574-6941
VL - 96
IS - 2
SP - 1
EP - 8
PB - Oxford University Press
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kämpf, Lucas
A1 - Plessen, Birgit
A1 - Lauterbach, Stefan
A1 - Nantke, Carla
A1 - Meyer, Hanno
A1 - Chapligin, Bernhard
A1 - Brauer, Achim
T1 - Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes of carbonates in lake sediments as a paleoflood proxy
JF - Geology / the Geological Society of America
N2 - Lake sediments are increasingly explored as reliable paleoflood archives. In addition to established flood proxies including detrital layer thickness, chemical composition, and grain size, we explore stable oxygen and carbon isotope data as paleoflood proxies for lakes in catchments with carbonate bedrock geology. In a case study from Lake Mondsee (Austria), we integrate high-resolution sediment trapping at a proximal and a distal location and stable isotope analyses of varved lake sediments to investigate flood-triggered detrital sediment flux. First, we demonstrate a relation between runoff, detrital sediment flux, and isotope values in the sediment trap record covering the period 2011-2013 CE including 22 events with daily (hourly) peak runoff ranging from 10 (24) m(3) s(-1) to 79 (110) m(3) s(-1). The three- to ten-fold lower flood-triggered detrital sediment deposition in the distal trap is well reflected by attenuated peaks in the stable isotope values of trapped sediments. Next, we show that all nine flood-triggered detrital layers deposited in a sediment record from 1988 to 2013 have elevated isotope values compared with endogenic calcite. In addition, even two runoff events that did not cause the deposition of visible detrital layers are distinguished by higher isotope values. Empirical thresholds in the isotope data allow estimation of magnitudes of the majority of floods, although in some cases flood magnitudes are overestimated because local effects can result in too-high isotope values. Hence we present a proof of concept for stable isotopes as reliable tool for reconstructing flood frequency and, although with some limitations, even for flood magnitudes.
KW - detrital carbonate
KW - varved sediments
KW - record
KW - Baldeggersee
KW - delta-c-13
KW - alps
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1130/G46593.1
SN - 1943-2682
SN - 0091-7613
VL - 48
IS - 1
SP - 3
EP - 7
PB - American Institute of Physics
CY - Melville, NY
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Binder, Julia
T1 - Smarte Regionen – Überlegungen zu Gerechtigkeitsdebatten in digitalen Transformationen
JF - KWI-Schriften
KW - Digitalisierung
KW - Smartness
KW - smarte Region
KW - Gerechtigkeit
KW - Transformation
KW - Region
KW - digitalization
KW - smartness
KW - smart region
KW - justice
KW - transformation
KW - region
Y1 - 2023
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-631068
SN - 978-3-86956-571-2
SN - 1867-951X
SN - 1867-9528
IS - 14
SP - 15
EP - 24
PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY - Potsdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mitsch, Wolfgang
T1 - Der fehlgeschlagene Versuch der qualifizierten Straftat
JF - Goltdammer’s Archiv für Strafrecht
Y1 - 2022
SN - 0017-1956
VL - 169
IS - 11
SP - 618
EP - 635
PB - C.F. Müller
CY - Heidelberg
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kürschner, Tobias
A1 - Scherer, Cédric
A1 - Radchuk, Viktoriia
A1 - Blaum, Niels
A1 - Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie
T1 - Movement can mediate temporal mismatches between resource availability and biological events in host-pathogen interactions
JF - Ecology and evolution
N2 - Global change is shifting the timing of biological events, leading to temporal mismatches between biological events and resource availability. These temporal mismatches can threaten species' populations. Importantly, temporal mismatches not only exert strong pressures on the population dynamics of the focal species, but can also lead to substantial changes in pairwise species interactions such as host-pathogen systems. We adapted an established individual-based model of host-pathogen dynamics. The model describes a viral agent in a social host, while accounting for the host's explicit movement decisions. We aimed to investigate how temporal mismatches between seasonal resource availability and host life-history events affect host-pathogen coexistence, that is, disease persistence. Seasonal resource fluctuations only increased coexistence probability when in synchrony with the hosts' biological events. However, a temporal mismatch reduced host-pathogen coexistence, but only marginally. In tandem with an increasing temporal mismatch, our model showed a shift in the spatial distribution of infected hosts. It shifted from an even distribution under synchronous conditions toward the formation of disease hotspots, when host life history and resource availability mismatched completely. The spatial restriction of infected hosts to small hotspots in the landscape initially suggested a lower coexistence probability due to the critical loss of susceptible host individuals within those hotspots. However, the surrounding landscape facilitated demographic rescue through habitat-dependent movement. Our work demonstrates that the negative effects of temporal mismatches between host resource availability and host life history on host-pathogen coexistence can be reduced through the formation of temporary disease hotspots and host movement decisions, with implications for disease management under disturbances and global change.
KW - classical swine fever
KW - dynamic landscapes
KW - global change
KW - host– pathogen dynamics
KW - individual‐ based model
KW - movement ecology
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7478
SN - 2045-7758
VL - 11
IS - 10
SP - 5728
EP - 5741
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gamage, Dilrukshi
A1 - Staubitz, Thomas
A1 - Whiting, Mark
T1 - Peer assessment in MOOCs
BT - Systematic literature review
JF - Distance education
N2 - We report on a systematic review of the landscape of peer assessment in massive open online courses (MOOCs) with papers from 2014 to 2020 in 20 leading education technology publication venues across four databases containing education technology-related papers, addressing three research issues: the evolution of peer assessment in MOOCs during the period 2014 to 2020, the methods used in MOOCs to assess peers, and the challenges of and future directions in MOOC peer assessment. We provide summary statistics and a review of methods across the corpus and highlight three directions for improving the use of peer assessment in MOOCs: the need for focusing on scaling learning through peer evaluations, the need for scaling and optimizing team submissions in team peer assessments, and the need for embedding a social process for peer assessment.
KW - MOOC
KW - peer assessment
KW - peer evaluation
KW - peer review
KW - literature review
KW - social interaction
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2021.1911626
SN - 0158-7919
SN - 1475-0198
VL - 42
IS - 2
SP - 268
EP - 289
PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY - Abingdon
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gengel, Erik
A1 - Pikovskij, Arkadij
T1 - Phase reconstruction from oscillatory data with iterated Hilbert transform embeddings
BT - benefits and limitations
JF - Physica : D, Nonlinear phenomena
N2 - In the data analysis of oscillatory systems, methods based on phase reconstruction are widely used to characterize phase-locking properties and inferring the phase dynamics. The main component in these studies is an extraction of the phase from a time series of an oscillating scalar observable. We discuss a practical procedure of phase reconstruction by virtue of a recently proposed method termed iterated Hilbert transform embeddings. We exemplify the potential benefits and limitations of the approach by applying it to a generic observable of a forced Stuart-Landau oscillator. Although in many cases, unavoidable amplitude modulation of the observed signal does not allow for perfect phase reconstruction, in cases of strong stability of oscillations and a high frequency of the forcing, iterated Hilbert transform embeddings significantly improve the quality of the reconstructed phase. We also demonstrate that for significant amplitude modulation, iterated embeddings do not provide any improvement.
KW - Data analysis
KW - Phase reconstruction
KW - Hilbert transform
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physd.2021.133070
SN - 0167-2789
SN - 1872-8022
VL - 429
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Leins, Johannes A.
A1 - Grimm, Volker
A1 - Drechsler, Martin
T1 - Large-scale PVA modeling of insects in cultivated grasslands
BT - the role of dispersal in mitigating the effects of management schedules under climate change
JF - Ecology and evolution
N2 - In many species, dispersal is decisive for survival in a changing climate. Simulation models for population dynamics under climate change thus need to account for this factor. Moreover, large numbers of species inhabiting agricultural landscapes are subject to disturbances induced by human land use. We included dispersal in the HiLEG model that we previously developed to study the interaction between climate change and agricultural land use in single populations. Here, the model was parameterized for the large marsh grasshopper (LMG) in cultivated grasslands of North Germany to analyze (1) the species development and dispersal success depending on the severity of climate change in subregions, (2) the additional effect of grassland cover on dispersal success, and (3) the role of dispersal in compensating for detrimental grassland mowing. Our model simulated population dynamics in 60-year periods (2020-2079) on a fine temporal (daily) and high spatial (250 x 250 m(2)) scale in 107 subregions, altogether encompassing a range of different grassland cover, climate change projections, and mowing schedules. We show that climate change alone would allow the LMG to thrive and expand, while grassland cover played a minor role. Some mowing schedules that were harmful to the LMG nevertheless allowed the species to moderately expand its range. Especially under minor climate change, in many subregions dispersal allowed for mowing early in the year, which is economically beneficial for farmers. More severe climate change could facilitate LMG expansion to uninhabited regions but would require suitable mowing schedules along the path. These insights can be transferred to other species, given that the LMG is considered a representative of grassland communities. For more specific predictions on the dynamics of other species affected by climate change and land use, the publicly available HiLEG model can be easily adapted to the characteristics of their life cycle.
KW - bilinear interpolation
KW - climate change
KW - dispersal success
KW - land use
KW - large marsh grasshopper
KW - spatially explicit model
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9063
SN - 2045-7758
VL - 12
IS - 7
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Monod, Emmanuel
A1 - Köster, Antonia
A1 - Joyce, Elisabeth
A1 - Khalil, Sabine
A1 - Korotkova, Nataliia
T1 - Digital transformation consulting
BT - toward a human-technology performance model digital transformat
JF - Academy of management proceedings
N2 - As the focus on digital transformation and its unexplored opportunities is prospering, consulting firms have also turned their attention to it. Despite this increased attention, digital transformation project failure rate remains high, thereby reaffirming the “IT productivity paradox” or “AI productivity paradox. The purpose of this paper is to holistically scrutinize the current approach of digital transformation consulting. A deductive qualitative study draws upon the Human Technology Performance model to elucidate papers on digital transformation published by four major management consulting firms in 2014-2019. Whereas the focus on customer-centricity and some measures of corporate performance is prominent in the consulting approaches, the study results have revealed several “blind spots” that are still either neglected or poorly covered. Three main blind spots are particularly prominent from the analysis. First of all, consulting firms often apply a “one size fits all” approach, thereby neglecting contextual factors, such as age, size, or industry. Secondly, they neglect process level in the return on investment of IT. Thirdly, the suitability of IS development methods remains poorly considered. Hence, the paper argues that, while consulting firms purport to support digital transformation exigences and efforts, they, in fact, adhere to traditional approaches to business consulting.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2021.12737abstract
SN - 0065-0668
IS - 1
PB - Academy of Management
CY - Briarcliff Manor
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bender, Benedict
A1 - Körppen, Tim
T1 - Data Warehouse, Data Lake oder Data Platform
BT - eine Übersicht analyseorientierter Datenhaltungslösungen
JF - ERP-Management : Auswahl, Einführung und Betrieb von ERP-Systemen
N2 - Die Digitalisierung des deutschen Mittelstandes schreitet weiterhin schleppend voran. So verfügt zwar ein wachsender Teil dieser Unternehmen über vereinzelte Informations- und Kommunikationssysteme, die zielführende Vernetzung und Integration dieser Systeme stellt jedoch weiterhin eine große Aufgabe dar [1]. Besonders vor dem Hintergrund wachsender Bedürfnisse für Informationen und Transparenz sehen sich Unternehmen zunehmend mit der analyseorientierten Nutzbarmachung der Unternehmensdaten konfrontiert [2].
Y1 - 2021
UR - https://www.wiso-net.de/document/ERP__ffa066cd51fc1133cb63f47337a74ecee09b97a2
SN - 1860-6725
VL - 17
IS - 6
SP - 34
EP - 37
PB - GITO mbH Verlag
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie
A1 - Mudelsee, Manfred
T1 - The multifaceted history of the Walker Circulation during the Plio-Pleistocene
JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal
N2 - The Walker Circulation (WC) is an east-west trending band of atmospheric circulation cells along the equator and the predominant controller of heat and moisture transport in the tropics. Its variability is closely linked to the sea-surface temperature (SST) changes across the Pacific, the Indian and the Atlantic Oceans and can have pronounced effects on the humidity regimes of the adjacent continents. In recent years, the evolution of the WC during the Plioand Pleistocene epochs has been intensely studied in the context of the effectiveness of the tropics in modulating global climate change (e.g., the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation). However, the onset of the modern WC pattern as well as its global impact during the Plioand Pleistocene is controversially assessed in the literature. For its onset, previous studies have suggested dates ranging between 2.4 and 0.8 million years ago (Myr), while its argued impact ranges from crucially influencing the increase of Northern Hemisphere ice sheet growth by channelling heat and moisture from the tropics into the high latitudes to having no effect on global ice volume changes. In order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of the WC during this time frame, we statistically analysed 30 globally distributed SST records covering the low and high latitudes between 3.5 and 1.5 Myr, encompassing the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene. We utilized a statistical change-point regression model to determine significant change points in the SST evolution of the (sub)-tropics and high latitudes that potentially relate to changes in the WC. We find that the WC experienced a multifaceted evolution between the Late Pliocene and the Early Pleistocene with significant transitional steps at-2.7 and-2.1 Ma. Our results suggest after the Late Pliocene, a pre-modern WC set in, which was characterized by a progressively strengthened Pacific Walker Cell alongside a weakened Indian Ocean Walker Cell. This change was potentially triggered by the constriction of the Indonesian seaway, an important transmitter between the Pacific and Indian Ocean. The ensuing mode of the WC intensified until-2.1 Myr, when SST values around the global scale signalled a progressive strengthening of the Indian Walker Cell in phase with the progressive strengthening of the Pacific and Atlantic Cells. Our findings indicate that a shift from a pre-modern to a modern-like WC potentially only occurred during the mid-Pleistocene.
KW - Walker circulation
KW - Plio-pleistocene transition
KW - Early pleistocene;
KW - Statistical analysis
KW - Change-point regression model
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107529
SN - 0277-3791
SN - 1873-457X
VL - 286
PB - Elsevier
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ullrich, André
A1 - Teichmann, Malte
A1 - Gronau, Norbert
T1 - Fast trainable capabilities in software engineering-skill development in learning factories
JF - Ji suan ji jiao yu = Computer Education / Qing hua da xue
N2 - The increasing demand for software engineers cannot completely be fulfilled by university education and conventional training approaches due to limited capacities. Accordingly, an alternative approach is necessary where potential software engineers are being educated in software engineering skills using new methods. We suggest micro tasks combined with theoretical lessons to overcome existing skill deficits and acquire fast trainable capabilities. This paper addresses the gap between demand and supply of software engineers by introducing an actionoriented and scenario-based didactical approach, which enables non-computer scientists to code. Therein, the learning content is provided in small tasks and embedded in learning factory scenarios. Therefore, different requirements for software engineers from the market side and from an academic viewpoint are analyzed and synthesized into an integrated, yet condensed skills catalogue. This enables the development of training and education units that focus on the most important skills demanded on the market. To achieve this objective, individual learning scenarios are developed. Of course, proper basic skills in coding cannot be learned over night but software programming is also no sorcery.
KW - learning factory
KW - programming skills
KW - software engineering
KW - training
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.16512/j.cnki.jsjjy.2020.12.002
SN - 1672-5913
IS - 12
SP - 2
EP - 10
PB - [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
CY - Bei jing shi
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Apelt, Maja
A1 - Binder, Beate
A1 - Kuster, Friederike
T1 - Einleitung
JF - Feministische Studien
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/fs-2021-0027
SN - 0723-5186
VL - 39
IS - 2
SP - 197
EP - 201
PB - De Gruyter Oldenbourg
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Rojahn, Marcel
T1 - Professionelle Personalzeiterfassung
JF - Factory Innovation : agil und smart mit Industrie 4.0
N2 - Der Einsatz digitaler Personalzeiterfassungssysteme bietet Unternehmen zahlreiche Vorteile, z. B. effizientere Lohn- und Gehaltsabrechnungen, mehr Transparenz und Übersicht über die Arbeitszeiten der Mitarbeiter sowie flexiblere Erfassungsmöglichkeiten. In der Testreihe werden neun Lösungen auf Funktionen, Benutzerfreundlichkeit, Kosten, Zuverlässigkeit, Kompatibilität, Implementierung und Barrierefreiheit getestet. Erfahren Sie, welche Lösungen am besten abschneiden und ob eine davon für Ihr Unternehmen geeignet ist.
KW - Industrie 4.0
KW - Personalzeiterfassung
KW - Produktion
KW - Resilienz
KW - Digitalisierung
Y1 - 2023
UR - https://factory-innovation.de/produkttests/professionelle-personalzeiterfassung/
SN - 2749-7593
SN - 2749-7607
VL - 4
IS - 2
SP - 74
EP - 74
PB - GITO mbH - Verlag für Industrielle Informationstechnik und Organisation
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lass, Sander
A1 - Jonas-Kops, Jörg E.
T1 - Assisted Reality - mehr als nur das Smart Glass
JF - Fabriksoftware : die digitale Fabrik realisieren
N2 - Der nutzbringenden Einsatz einer Datenbrille besteht nicht nur aus der Brille selbst. Die potenzielle ressourcenschonende Assistenz bei der Abarbeitung von komplexen Workflows bedarf eine ausreichende Integration in die Anwendungssystemlandschaft. Implikation sind demnach zwei Hauptelemente: die Brille selbst und die Integrationssoftware. Beide Komponenten sind in geeigneter Form auszulegen und auf die intendierten Anwendungsfälle zu konfigurieren. Dieser Beitrag fasst die Erfahrungen aus zahlreichen Projekten zusammen und liefert einen Überblick über die Herausforderungen bei AR-Einführungen.
Y1 - 2021
UR - https://www.wiso-net.de/document/PPS__4ae320609d0d4479d1887da5f48ea6c91f3b9041
SN - 2569-7692
VL - 26
IS - 2
SP - 27
EP - 29
PB - GITO mbH - Verlag für Industrielle Informationstechnik und Organisation
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lass, Sander
T1 - Mobile Assistenzsysteme erleichtern komplexe Workflows
JF - Factory Innovation : agil und smart mit Industrie 4.0
N2 - Der nutzbringende Einsatz einer Datenbrille besteht nicht nur aus der Brille selbst. Die potenzielle ressourcenschonende Assistenz bei der Abarbeitung von komplexen Workflows bedarf einer ausreichenden Integration in die Anwendungssystemlandschaft. Dafür sind Brille und Integrationssoftware in geeigneter Form auszulegen und auf die intendierten Anwendungsfälle zu konfigurieren.
Y1 - 2022
SN - 2749-7593
SN - 2749-7607
IS - 6
SP - 20
EP - 25
PB - GITO mbH - Verlag für Industrielle Informationstechnik und Organisation
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lass, Sander
T1 - Augmented Reality in der Fabrik
JF - Fabriksoftware : die digitale Fabrik realisieren
N2 - Im Zentrum Industrie 4.0 Potsdam (ZIP 4.0) kann diese Frage individuell und ohne großen Aufwand beantwortet werden. Mehr noch, mit Hilfe der hybriden Simulationsumgebung ist die Interaktion mit dem AR-Gerät durch den Akteur innerhalb von Fertigungsprozessen möglich. So kann nicht nur der Nutzen demonstriert, sondern auch durch den tatsächlichen Einsatz innerhalb der realitätsnahen Prozessabbildung die Akzeptanz für die spätere Nutzung geschaffen werden.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.30844/FS20-4_32-33
SN - 2569-7692
VL - 25
IS - 4
SP - 32
EP - 33
PB - GITO mbH - Verlag für Industrielle Informationstechnik und Organisation
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lass, Sander
T1 - ControlCenter 4.0
BT - erleichterte Inbetriebnahme und Steuerung der Simulationsumgebung
JF - Fabriksoftware : die digitale Fabrik realisieren
Y1 - 2021
SN - 2569-7692
VL - 26
IS - 2
SP - 30
EP - 31
PB - GITO mbH - Verlag für Industrielle Informationstechnik und Organisation
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lass, Sander
A1 - Körppen, Tim
T1 - Dezentrale Taktsteuerung in der Montage
BT - mit der I4.0-Box aufwandsarm zur robusten Steuerung von Montagelinien
JF - Fabriksoftware : die digitale Fabrik realisieren
N2 - In der Theorie bieten dezentrale Steuerungsansätze im Produktionskontext einige Vorteile gegenüber monolithischen Zentralsystemen, die sämtliche Funktionen in einer oder wenigen Instanzen vereinen. Allerdings bedarf die praktischen Umsetzung der Anpassung des allgemeinen Konzepts der Dezentralität an die individuellen und spezifischen Anwendungsfälle insbesondere hinsichtlich ihres sinnvollen Umfangs. Ein Anwendungsfall ist die Montage von variantenreichen Produkten. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt, wie mittels der geeigneten Kombination von zentralen und dezentralen Ansätzen eine bessere Planbarkeit und Steigerung des Durchsatzes erreicht werden kann. Mit einer flexiblen Taktsteuerung der Arbeitsstationen und geeigneter Assistenz am Montagearbeitsplatz kann die bisherige werkstatt-orientierte Organisation zu einer serienähnlichen Fertigung transformiert werden. Dies geschieht unter Einsatz einer mehrschichtigen Infrastruktur, die den Industrie 4.0-Paradigmen der dezentralen Informationsverarbeitung durch autonome vernetzte Systeme folgt.
KW - Individualisierte Serialisierung
KW - Dezentrale Liniensteuerung
KW - Fertigungsumstrukturierung
KW - KI-basierte Produktionsplanung
KW - Industrie 4.0-Box
KW - Edge-Gateway
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.30844/FS20-2_27-30
SN - 2569-7692
VL - 25
IS - 2
SP - 27
EP - 30
PB - GITO mbH - Verlag für Industrielle Informationstechnik und Organisation
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Körppen, Tim
A1 - Ullrich, André
A1 - Bertheau, Clementine
T1 - Durchblick statt Bauchgefühl – Transformation zur Data-Driven Organization
JF - Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management
N2 - Um in der digitalisierten Wirtschaft mitzuspielen, müssen Unternehmen, Markt und insbesondere Kunden detailliert verstanden werden. Neben den „Big Playern“ aus dem Silicon Valley sieht der deutsche Mittelstand, der zu großen Teilen noch auf gewachsenen IT-Infrastrukturen und Prozessen agiert, oft alt aus. Um in den nächsten Jahren nicht gänzlich abgehängt zu werden, ist ein Umbruch notwendig. Sowohl Leistungserstellungsprozesse als auch Leistungsangebot müssen transparent und datenbasiert ausgerichtet werden. Nur so können Geschäftsvorfälle, das Marktgeschehen sowie Handeln der Akteure integrativ bewertet und fundierte Entscheidungen getroffen werden. In diesem Beitrag wird das Konzept der Data-Driven Organization vorgestellt und aufgezeigt, wie Unternehmen den eigenen Analyticsreifegrad ermitteln und in einem iterativen Transformationsprozess steigern können.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1365/s35764-021-00370-7
SN - 1867-5905
VL - 13
IS - 6
SP - 452
EP - 459
PB - Springer Gabler
CY - Wiesbaden
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Körppen, Tim
A1 - Thim, Christof
T1 - Visualisierung des digitalen Zwillings mit AR
JF - Fabriksoftware : die digitale Fabrik realisieren
N2 - Für die Transformation der industriellen Fertigung stellt die Integration der Realwelt und die parallele Abbildung in der Digitalwelt eine wichtige Anforderung dar. Hier greift das Konzept des digitalen Zwillings zur digitalen Repräsentation physischer Objekte. Zur Verbesserung der Mensch-Maschinen-Interaktion zwischen Fabrikpersonal, Anlagen sowie Werkstücken und Steigerung der Transparenz am Shopfloor, kann ein solcher digitaler Zwilling relevante Daten liefern. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Konzept zur Visualisierung des digitalen Zwillings mittels Augmented Reality vorgestellt und evaluiert.
KW - Digitaler Zwilling
KW - Mensch-Maschinen-Interaktion
KW - Augmented Reality
KW - Intelligente Fertigung
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.30844/FS20-4_19-22
SN - 2569-7692
VL - 25
IS - 4
SP - 19
EP - 22
PB - GITO mbH
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ullrich, Andre
A1 - Bertheau, Clementine
A1 - Wiedmann, Miriam
A1 - Sultanow, Eldar
A1 - Körppen, Tim
A1 - Bente, Stefan
T1 - Roles, tasks and skills of the enterprise architect in the VUCA world
JF - 2021 IEEE 25th International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops : EDOCW 2021 : 25-29 October 2021, Gold Coast, Australia : proceedings
N2 - For the last 20 years, enterprise architecture management (EAM) was primarily an instrument for harmonizing and consolidating IT landscapes and is lived as a transformation and governance discipline. It, however, is rather related to IT strategy than aligned to the actual corporate strategy and the work of the enterprise architect is characterized by tasks like prescribing, monitoring, documenting, and controlling. As digital transformation continues apace, companies are facing new challenges that lead to a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) world. To face these challenges, vision, understanding, clarity and agility allow to anticipative and implement necessary changes. This, of course, has implications for the role of the enterprise architect. S/he needs to start actively supporting innovation and taking more of an advisory role instead of just being driven by the current state of the enterprise architecture. This paper investigates the role of the enterprise architect in the VUCA world. Based on current literature and expert interviews, a survey was conducted among consultants who work as (or with) enterprise architects. Survey results include the evaluation of statements on current tasks of enterprise architects, their influence on projects and companies as well as future requirements on the roles of the enterprise architect. The results from the survey were synthesized with the findings from literature to derive the roles, tasks and skills of enterprise architect in the VUCA world.
KW - enterprise architecture management
KW - skills
KW - roles
KW - enterprise architect
KW - VUCA
Y1 - 2021
SN - 978-1-6654-4488-0
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOCW52865.2021.00057
SP - 261
EP - 270
PB - IEEE
CY - Piscataway
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ramm, Franziska
A1 - Jack, Lena
A1 - Kaser, Danny
A1 - Schloßhauer, Jeffrey L.
A1 - Zemella, Anne
A1 - Kubick, Stefan
T1 - Cell-Free Systems Enable the Production of AB(5) Toxins for Diagnostic Applications
JF - Toxins
N2 - Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) represents a versatile key technology for the production of toxic proteins. As a cell lysate, rather than viable cells, is used, the toxic effects on the host organism can be circumvented. The open nature of cell-free systems allows for the addition of supplements affecting protein concentration and folding. Here, we present the cell-free synthesis and functional characterization of two AB(5) toxins, namely the cholera toxin (Ctx) and the heat-labile enterotoxin (LT), using two eukaryotic cell-free systems based on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf21) cells. Through an iterative optimization procedure, the synthesis of the individual AB(5) toxins was established, and the formation of multimeric structures could be shown by autoradiography. A functional analysis was performed using cell-based assays, thereby demonstrating that the LT complex induced the characteristic cell elongation of target cells after 24 h. The LT complex induced cell death at higher concentrations, starting at an initial concentration of 5 nM. The initial toxic effects of the Ctx multimer could already be detected at 4 nM. The detection and characterization of such AB(5) toxins is of utmost importance, and the monitoring of intracellular trafficking facilitates the further identification of the mechanism of action of these toxins. We showed that the B-subunit of LT (LTB) could be fluorescently labeled using an LTB-Strep fusion protein, which is a proof-of-concept for future Trojan horse applications. Further, we performed a mutational analysis of the CtxA subunit as its template was modified, and an amber stop codon was inserted into CtxA's active site. Subsequently, a non-canonical amino acid was site-specifically incorporated using bio-orthogonal systems. Finally, a fluorescently labeled CtxA protein was produced using copper-catalyzed click reactions as well as a Staudinger ligation. As expected, the modified Ctx multimer no longer induced toxic effects. In our study, we showed that CFPS could be used to study the active centers of toxins by inserting mutations. Additionally, this methodology can be applied for the design of Trojan horses and targeted toxins, as well as enabling the intracellular trafficking of toxins as a prerequisite for the analysis of the toxin's mechanism of action.
KW - cholera toxin
KW - heat-labile enterotoxin
KW - AB(5) toxins
KW - eukaryotic
KW - cell-free systems
KW - orthogonal systems
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14040233
SN - 2072-6651
VL - 14
IS - 4
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Abbasi, Ali
A1 - Xu, Yaolin
A1 - Khezri, Ramin
A1 - Etesami, Mohammad
A1 - Lin, C.
A1 - Kheawhom, Soorathep
A1 - Lu, Yan
T1 - Advances in characteristics improvement of polymeric membranes/separators for zinc-air batteries
JF - Materials Today Sustainability
N2 - Zinc-air batteries (ZABs) are gaining popularity for a wide range of applications due to their high energy density, excellent safety, and environmental friendliness. A membrane/separator is a critical component of ZABs, with substantial implications for battery performance and stability, particularly in the case of a battery in solid state format, which has captured increased attention in recent years. In this review, recent advances as well as insight into the architecture of polymeric membrane/separators for ZABs including porous polymer separators (PPSs), gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs), solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) and anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are discussed. The paper puts forward strategies to enhance stability, ionic conductivity, ionic selectivity, electrolyte storage capacity and mechanical properties for each type of polymeric membrane. In addition, the remaining major obstacles as well as the most potential avenues for future research are examined in detail.
KW - Ionic selectivity
KW - Ionic conductivity
KW - Gel polymer
KW - Ion exchange
KW - Porous
KW - polymer
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtsust.2022.100126
SN - 2589-2347
VL - 18
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ghafarian, Fatemeh
A1 - Wieland, Ralf
A1 - Nendel, Claas
T1 - Estimating the Evaporative Cooling Effect of Irrigation within and above Soybean Canopy
JF - Water
N2 - Vegetation with an adequate supply of water might contribute to cooling the land surface around it through the latent heat flux of transpiration. This study investigates the potential estimation of evaporative cooling at plot scale, using soybean as example. Some of the plants' physiological parameters were monitored and sampled at weekly intervals. A physics-based model was then applied to estimate the irrigation-induced cooling effect within and above the canopy during the middle and late season of the soybean growth period. We then examined the results of the temperature changes at a temporal resolution of ten minutes between every two irrigation rounds. During the middle and late season of growth, the cooling effects caused by evapotranspiration within and above the canopy were, on average, 4.4 K and 2.9 K, respectively. We used quality indicators such as R-squared (R-2) and mean absolute error (MAE) to evaluate the performance of the model simulation. The performance of the model in this study was better above the canopy (R-2 = 0.98, MAE = 0.3 K) than below (R-2 = 0.87, MAE = 0.9 K) due to the predefined thermodynamic condition used to estimate evaporative cooling. Moreover, the study revealed that canopy cooling contributes to mitigating heat stress conditions during the middle and late seasons of crop growth.
KW - canopy cooling effects
KW - shading cooling
KW - canopy-air temperature
KW - energy
KW - balance
KW - the Penman-Monteith equation
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030319
SN - 2073-4441
VL - 14
IS - 3
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Arguello de Souza, Felipe Augusto
A1 - Samprogna Mohor, Guilherme
A1 - Guzman Arias, Diego Alejandro
A1 - Sarmento Buarque, Ana Carolina
A1 - Taffarello, Denise
A1 - Mendiondo, Eduardo Mario
T1 - Droughts in São Paulo
BT - challenges and lessons for a water-adaptive society
JF - Urban water journal
N2 - Literature has suggested that droughts and societies are mutually shaped and, therefore, both require a better understanding of their coevolution on risk reduction and water adaptation. Although the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region drew attention because of the 2013-2015 drought, this was not the first event. This paper revisits this event and the 1985-1986 drought to compare the evolution of drought risk management aspects. Documents and hydrological records are analyzed to evaluate the hazard intensity, preparedness, exposure, vulnerability, responses, and mitigation aspects of both events. Although the hazard intensity and exposure of the latter event were larger than the former one, the policy implementation delay and the dependency of service areas in a single reservoir exposed the region to higher vulnerability. In addition to the structural and non-structural tools implemented just after the events, this work raises the possibility of rainwater reuse for reducing the stress in reservoirs.
KW - droughts
KW - urban water supply
KW - water crisis
KW - drought risk
KW - paired event
KW - analysis
KW - vulnerability
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/1573062X.2022.2047735
SN - 1573-062X
SN - 1744-9006
VL - 20
IS - 10
SP - 1682
EP - 1694
PB - Taylor & Francis
CY - London [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Agarwal, Ankit
A1 - Guntu, Ravikumar
A1 - Banerjee, Abhirup
A1 - Gadhawe, Mayuri Ashokrao
A1 - Marwan, Norbert
T1 - A complex network approach to study the extreme precipitation patterns in a river basin
JF - Chaos : an interdisciplinary journal of nonlinear science
N2 - The quantification of spatial propagation of extreme precipitation events is vital in water resources planning and disaster mitigation. However, quantifying these extreme events has always been challenging as many traditional methods are insufficient to capture the nonlinear interrelationships between extreme event time series. Therefore, it is crucial to develop suitable methods for analyzing the dynamics of extreme events over a river basin with a diverse climate and complicated topography. Over the last decade, complex network analysis emerged as a powerful tool to study the intricate spatiotemporal relationship between many variables in a compact way. In this study, we employ two nonlinear concepts of event synchronization and edit distance to investigate the extreme precipitation pattern in the Ganga river basin. We use the network degree to understand the spatial synchronization pattern of extreme rainfall and identify essential sites in the river basin with respect to potential prediction skills. The study also attempts to quantify the influence of precipitation seasonality and topography on extreme events. The findings of the study reveal that (1) the network degree is decreased in the southwest to northwest direction, (2) the timing of 50th percentile precipitation within a year influences the spatial distribution of degree, (3) the timing is inversely related to elevation, and (4) the lower elevation greatly influences connectivity of the sites. The study highlights that edit distance could be a promising alternative to analyze event-like data by incorporating event time and amplitude and constructing complex networks of climate extremes.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0072520
SN - 1054-1500
SN - 1089-7682
VL - 32
IS - 1
PB - American Institute of Physics
CY - Woodbury, NY
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Milles, Alexander Benedikt
A1 - Dammhahn, Melanie
A1 - Jeltsch, Florian
A1 - Schlägel, Ulrike
A1 - Grimm, Volker
T1 - Fluctuations in density-dependent selection drive the evolution of a pace-of-life syndrome within and between populations
JF - The American naturalist : a bi-monthly journal devoted to the advancement and correlation of the biological sciences
N2 - The pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis posits that suites of traits are correlated along a slow-fast continuum owing to life history trade-offs. Despite widespread adoption, environmental conditions driving the emergence of POLS remain unclear. A recently proposed conceptual framework of POLS suggests that a slow-fast continuum should align to fluctuations in density-dependent selection. We tested three key predictions made by this framework with an ecoevolutionary agent-based population model. Selection acted on responsiveness (behavioral trait) to interpatch resource differences and the reproductive investment threshold (life history trait). Across environments with density fluctuations of different magnitudes, we observed the emergence of a common axis of trait covariation between and within populations (i.e., the evolution of a POLS). Slow-type (fast-type) populations with high (low) responsiveness and low (high) reproductive investment threshold were selected at high (low) population densities and less (more) intense and frequent density fluctuations. In support of the predictions, fast-type populations contained a higher degree of variation in traits and were associated with higher intrinsic reproductive rate (r(0)) and higher sensitivity to intraspecific competition (gamma), pointing to a universal trade-off. While our findings support that POLS aligns with density-dependent selection, we discuss possible mechanisms that may lead to alternative evolutionary pathways.
KW - pace-of-life syndrome
KW - density dependence
KW - life history
KW - trait
KW - variation
KW - model
KW - personality
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1086/718473
SN - 0003-0147
SN - 1537-5323
VL - 199
IS - 4
SP - E124
EP - E139
PB - Univ. of Chicago Press
CY - Chicago
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mayer, Dennis
A1 - Picconi, David
A1 - Robinson, Matthew S.
A1 - Gühr, Markus
T1 - Experimental and theoretical gas-phase absorption spectra of thionated uracils
JF - Chemical physics : a journal devoted to experimental and theoretical research involving problems of both a chemical and physical nature
N2 - We present a comparative study of the gas-phase UV spectra of uracil and its thionated counterparts (2-thiouracil, 4-thiouracil and 2,4-dithiouracil), closely supported by time-dependent density functional theory calculations to assign the transitions observed. We systematically discuss pure gas-phase spectra for the (thio)uracils in the range of 200-400 nm (similar to 3.2-6.4 eV), and examine the spectra of all four species with a single theoretical approach. We note that specific vibrational modelling is needed to accurately determine the spectra across the examined wavelength range, and systematically model the transitions that appear at wavelengths shorter than 250 nm. Additionally, we find in the cases of 2-thiouracil and 2,4-dithiouracil, that the gas-phase spectra deviate significantly from some previously published solution-phase spectra, especially those collected in basic environments.
KW - Thiouracil
KW - Uracil
KW - UV-VIS Spectroscopy
KW - Excited-state calculations;
KW - TD-DFT
KW - Gas phase
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111500
SN - 0301-0104
VL - 558
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Singh, Manudeo
A1 - Sinha, Rajiv
A1 - Mishra, Arjit
A1 - Babu, Suresh
T1 - Wetlandscape (dis)connectivity and fragmentation in a large wetland (Haiderpur) in west Ganga plains, India
JF - Earth surface processes and landforms : the journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group
N2 - Wetlands are dynamic ecosystems that require continuous monitoring and assessment of degradation status to design strategies for their sustainable management. While hydrology provides the primary functional control for the wetland ecosystem, the loss of landscape connectivity influences wetland degradation in a major way as it leads to fragmentation. This article aims to integrate hydrogeomorphic and ecological concepts for the assessment of degradation status and its causal factors for a large wetland in the western Ganga plains, India, the Haiderpur, using a wetlandscape approach. We have used a remote-sensing-based approach, which offers a powerful tool for assessing and linking cross-scale structures, functions, and controls in a wetlandscape. The Haiderpur, a Ramsar site since December 2021, is an artificial wetland located on the right bank of the Ganga River wherein the inflows are controlled by a barrage constructed on the Ganga River apart from smaller tributaries flowing in from the north. A novel aspect of this work is the integration of river dynamics and its connectivity to the wetlandscape to understand the spatiotemporal variability in the waterspread area in the wetland. In this work, we have developed an integrated wetlandscape assessment approach by evaluating wetland's geomorphic and hydrological connectivity status for the period 1993-2019 (25 years) across three different spatial scales - regional, catchment, and wetland. We have highlighted the ecological implications of connectivity and patch dynamics for developing sustainable wetland management plans.
KW - floodplain wetlands
KW - Ganga River
KW - geomorphic connectivity
KW - wetland
KW - degradation
KW - wetland hydrology
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5352
SN - 0197-9337
SN - 1096-9837
VL - 47
IS - 7
SP - 1872
EP - 1887
PB - Wiley
CY - New York, NY [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Stoltnow, Malte
A1 - Lüders, Volker
A1 - Graaf, Stefan de
A1 - Niedermann, Samuel
T1 - A geochemical study of the Sweet Home mine, Colorado Mineral Belt, USA
BT - formation of deep hydrothermal vein-type molybdenum greisen and base metal mineralization
JF - Mineralium deposita : international journal for geology, mineralogy and geochemistry of mineral deposits
N2 - Deep hydrothermal Mo, W, and base metal mineralization at the Sweet Home mine (Detroit City portal) formed in response to magmatic activity during the Oligocene. Microthermometric data of fluid inclusions trapped in greisen quartz and fluorite suggest that the early-stage mineralization at the Sweet Home mine precipitated from low- to medium-salinity (1.5-11.5 wt% equiv. NaCl), CO2-bearing fluids at temperatures between 360 and 415 degrees C and at depths of at least 3.5 km. Stable isotope and noble gas isotope data indicate that greisen formation and base metal mineralization at the Sweet Home mine was related to fluids of different origins. Early magmatic fluids were the principal source for mantle-derived volatiles (CO2, H2S/SO2, noble gases), which subsequently mixed with significant amounts of heated meteoric water. Mixing of magmatic fluids with meteoric water is constrained by delta H-2(w)-delta O-18(w) relationships of fluid inclusions. The deep hydrothermal mineralization at the Sweet Home mine shows features similar to deep hydrothermal vein mineralization at Climax-type Mo deposits or on their periphery. This suggests that fluid migration and the deposition of ore and gangue minerals in the Sweet Home mine was triggered by a deep-seated magmatic intrusion. The findings of this study are in good agreement with the results of previous fluid inclusion studies of the mineralization of the Sweet Home mine and from Climax-type Mo porphyry deposits in the Colorado Mineral Belt.
KW - Hydrothermal veins
KW - Fluid inclusion geochemistry
KW - Fluid mixing
KW - Ore
KW - deposition
KW - Colorado mineral belt
KW - Molybdenum mineralization
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-022-01102-6
SN - 0026-4598
SN - 1432-1866
VL - 57
IS - 5
SP - 801
EP - 825
PB - Springer
CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Jones, Benjamin M.
A1 - Arp, Christopher D.
A1 - Grosse, Guido
A1 - Nitze, Ingmar
A1 - Lara, Mark J.
A1 - Whitman, Matthew S.
A1 - Farquharson, Louise M.
A1 - Kanevskiy, Mikhail
A1 - Parsekian, Andrew D.
A1 - Breen, Amy L.
A1 - Ohara, Nori
A1 - Rangel, Rodrigo Correa
A1 - Hinkel, Kenneth M.
T1 - Identifying historical and future potential lake drainage events on the western Arctic coastal plain of Alaska
JF - Permafrost and Periglacial Processes
N2 - Arctic lakes located in permafrost regions are susceptible to catastrophic drainage. In this study, we reconstructed historical lake drainage events on the western Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska between 1955 and 2017 using USGS topographic maps, historical aerial photography (1955), and Landsat Imagery (ca. 1975, ca. 2000, and annually since 2000). We identified 98 lakes larger than 10 ha that partially (>25% of area) or completely drained during the 62-year period. Decadal-scale lake drainage rates progressively declined from 2.0 lakes/yr (1955-1975), to 1.6 lakes/yr (1975-2000), and to 1.2 lakes/yr (2000-2017) in the ~30,000-km(2) study area. Detailed Landsat trend analysis between 2000 and 2017 identified two years, 2004 and 2006, with a cluster (five or more) of lake drainages probably associated with bank overtopping or headward erosion. To identify future potential lake drainages, we combined the historical lake drainage observations with a geospatial dataset describing lake elevation, hydrologic connectivity, and adjacent lake margin topographic gradients developed with a 5-m-resolution digital surface model. We identified ~1900 lakes likely to be prone to drainage in the future. Of the 20 lakes that drained in the most recent study period, 85% were identified in this future lake drainage potential dataset. Our assessment of historical lake drainage magnitude, mechanisms and pathways, and identification of potential future lake drainages provides insights into how arctic lowland landscapes may change and evolve in the coming decades to centuries.
KW - Arctic lakes
KW - drained lake basins
KW - lake drainage
KW - permafrost regions
KW - thermokarst lakes
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.2038
VL - 31
IS - 1
SP - 110
EP - 127
PB - Wiley
CY - New York
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ruppert, Felix
T1 - Vom richtigen Zweifeln: Sachverhaltsungewissheiten in der Fallbearbeitung
BT - Teil 2: echte Wahlfeststellung, Präpendenz, Postpendenz und mehrfache Anwendung: Anwendungsbereich, Stufenverhältnisse und unechte Wahlfeststellung
JF - Juristische Arbeitsblätter
N2 - Der Beitrag knüpft unmittelbar an den in JA 10/2022, 830 ff. veröffentlichten ersten Teil (Anwendungsbereich, Stufenverhältnisse und unechte Wahlfeststellung) an und führt diesen fort. Idealerweise führen Sie sich zum Einstieg noch einmal die unechte Wahlfeststellung vor Augen, um die Unterschiede zu vergegenwärtigen: Diese ist zu treffen, wenn unklar ist, durch welche von mehreren nach den Erkenntnissen möglichen Handlungen der Täter den identischen Straftatbestand verwirklicht hat – also der Straftatbestand klar, lediglich die diesen erfüllende Handlung unklar ist.
KW - Präpendenz
Y1 - 2022
UR - https://beck-online.beck.de/Bcid/Y-300-Z-JA-B-2022-S-912-N-1
SN - 0720-6356
VL - 54
IS - 11
SP - 912
EP - 916
PB - C.H. Beck
CY - München
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gautam, Khem Raj
A1 - Zhang, Guoqiang
A1 - Landwehr, Niels
A1 - Adolphs, Julian
T1 - Machine learning for improvement of thermal conditions inside a hybrid ventilated animal building
JF - Computers and electronics in agriculture : COMPAG online ; an international journal
N2 - In buildings with hybrid ventilation, natural ventilation opening positions (windows), mechanical ventilation rates, heating, and cooling are manipulated to maintain desired thermal conditions. The indoor temperature is regulated solely by ventilation (natural and mechanical) when the external conditions are favorable to save external heating and cooling energy. The ventilation parameters are determined by a rule-based control scheme, which is not optimal. This study proposes a methodology to enable real-time optimum control of ventilation parameters. We developed offline prediction models to estimate future thermal conditions from the data collected from building in operation. The developed offline model is then used to find the optimal controllable ventilation parameters in real-time to minimize the setpoint deviation in the building. With the proposed methodology, the experimental building's setpoint deviation improved for 87% of time, on average, by 0.53 degrees C compared to the current deviations.
KW - Animal building
KW - Natural ventilation
KW - Automatically controlled windows
KW - Machine learning
KW - Optimization
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2021.106259
SN - 0168-1699
SN - 1872-7107
VL - 187
PB - Elsevier Science
CY - Amsterdam [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Monod, Emmanuel
A1 - Lissillour, Raphael
A1 - Köster, Antonia
A1 - Jiayin, Qi
T1 - Does AI control or support?
BT - power shifts after AI system implementation in customer relationship management
JF - Journal of decision systems
N2 - Many companies are currently investing in artificial intelligence (AI) because of its potential to increase customer satisfaction or financial performance. However, the success rates in implementing AI systems are low, partly due to technology-centric approaches that neglect work practices. This study draws on Bourdieu’s theory of practice to highlight the potential power shift related to AI in customer relationship management, based on the concepts field, capital, and habitus. Two longitudinal case studies were conducted to understand the power shift related to AI implementation. These two AI systems were designed with the objective to support employees. However, subsequently, their implementation changed the balance of power with a significant shift towards more management control, resulting in a devaluation of employees’ work practices. The paper discusses implications for theory and practice in terms of the discrepancies and power shifts following the introduction of AI systems to support customer relationship management.
KW - artificial intelligence
KW - customer relationship management
KW - theory of practice
KW - field of power
KW - social capital
KW - economic capital
KW - cultural capital
KW - symbolic capital
KW - habitus
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/12460125.2022.2066051
SN - 1246-0125
VL - 32
IS - 3
SP - 542
EP - 565
PB - Taylor & Francis
CY - Abingdon
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tosch, Frank
ED - Meier, Bernd
ED - Jakupec, Viktor
T1 - Jena-Plan-Pädagogik zwischen Schulfortschritt und Schulstreit an der weltlichen Volksschule in Finsterwalde am Ende der Weimarer Republik
BT - Bildungshistorische Erfahrungsmuster für Schulreform und Partizipation
JF - Bildung im gesellschaftlichen Kontext = Education in social context
Y1 - 2023
SN - 978-3-86464-258-6
SP - 55
EP - 86
PB - trafo
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tosch, Frank
ED - Rochow-Museum und Akademie für Bildungsgeschichtliche Forschung e.V. an der Universität Potsdam, Reckahn,
T1 - Das besondere Exponat. „Von Spielen und Vergnügungen“
BT - Kupfertafel VI zu J. B. Basedows Elementarwerk (1774)
JF - Zeitschrift für Museum und Bildung - Spielzeit - Spielraum
Y1 - 2022
SN - 978-3-643-99710-4
SN - 1613-561X
IS - 92-93
SP - 139
EP - 150
PB - Lit-Verlag
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Chandran, Sunil L.
A1 - Issac, Davis
A1 - Lauri, Juho
A1 - van Leeuwen, Erik Jan
T1 - Upper bounding rainbow connection number by forest number
JF - Discrete mathematics
N2 - A path in an edge-colored graph is rainbow if no two edges of it are colored the same, and the graph is rainbow-connected if there is a rainbow path between each pair of its vertices. The minimum number of colors needed to rainbow-connect a graph G is the rainbow connection number of G, denoted by rc(G).& nbsp;A simple way to rainbow-connect a graph G is to color the edges of a spanning tree with distinct colors and then re-use any of these colors to color the remaining edges of G. This proves that rc(G) <= |V (G)|-1. We ask whether there is a stronger connection between tree-like structures and rainbow coloring than that is implied by the above trivial argument. For instance, is it possible to find an upper bound of t(G)-1 for rc(G), where t(G) is the number of vertices in the largest induced tree of G? The answer turns out to be negative, as there are counter-examples that show that even c .t(G) is not an upper bound for rc(G) for any given constant c.& nbsp;In this work we show that if we consider the forest number f(G), the number of vertices in a maximum induced forest of G, instead of t(G), then surprisingly we do get an upper bound. More specifically, we prove that rc(G) <= f(G) + 2. Our result indicates a stronger connection between rainbow connection and tree-like structures than that was suggested by the simple spanning tree based upper bound.
KW - rainbow connection
KW - forest number
KW - upper bound
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disc.2022.112829
SN - 0012-365X
SN - 1872-681X
VL - 345
IS - 7
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ruppert, Felix
A1 - Wölfel, Svenja
T1 - Der Nötigungsnotstand oder: Ich hatte doch keine Wahl
JF - Juristische Arbeitsblätter
N2 - Wenn auch der Begriff ab und an anklingt, so fristet der Nötigungsnotstand doch weitgehend ein Schattendasein in der juristischen Ausbildung. Dabei wartet er in der Klausur mit zahlreichen Problemen auf, welche von der mittelbaren Täterschaft über eine Rechtfertigung oder Entschuldigung bis hin zu einem Erlaubnistatbestandsirrtum reichen können. Bereits deshalb dürfte der Nötigungsnotstand viele Klausurersteller in Versuchung führen – und viele Studierende in die Verzweiflung treiben. Dieser Beitrag will daher die klausurrelevanten Problemkreise des Nötigungsnotstands darstellen, um so Sicherheit für die Klausurbearbeitung zu gewinnen.
Y1 - 2022
UR - https://beck-online.beck.de/Bcid/Y-300-Z-JA-B-2022-S-989-N-1
SN - 0720-6356
VL - 54
IS - 12
SP - 989
EP - 993
PB - C.H. Beck
CY - München
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mitsch, Wolfgang
T1 - Fortgeschrittenen- und Examensklausur: ein mitleidiger Einbrecher
JF - Zeitschrift für das juristische Studium
N2 - Der erste Teil der Aufgabe (Ausgangsfall) hat den Schwierigkeitsgrad einer anspruchsvollen Klausur in der Fortgeschrittenen-Übung im Strafrecht. Ihre erfolgreiche Bewältigung setzt neben soliden Rechtskenntnissen im thematischen Bereich des Rücktritts vom Versuch vor allem genaue Erfassung aller relevanten Sachverhaltsangaben und präzise Subsumtion voraus. Mit der Abwandlung hat die Aufgabe Umfang und Schwierigkeitsgrad einer mittelschweren Klausur in der ersten Juristischen Prüfung.
Y1 - 2020
UR - https://www.zjs-online.com/dat/artikel/2020_6_1458.pdf
SN - 1865-6331
IS - 6
SP - 634
EP - 639
PB - T. Rotsch
CY - Gießen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mitsch, Wolfgang
T1 - Referendarexamensklausur – Strafrecht: Räuberischer Angriff auf Kraftfahrer, Notwehr, Versuch – Die Autofallen
JF - Juristische Schulung
N2 - Im Mittelpunkt des Falls stehen Probleme des Straftatbestands „räuberischer Angriff auf Kraftfahrer“.
Y1 - 2020
UR - https://beck-online.beck.de/Bcid/Y-300-Z-JUS-B-2020-S-149-N-1
SN - 0022-6939
VL - 60
IS - 2
SP - 149
EP - 154
PB - C.H. Beck
CY - München
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Mitsch, Wolfgang
T1 - Aussagedelikte und Dolmetscher
JF - Zeitschrift für Internationale Strafrechtswissenschaft
N2 - „Die Gerichtssprache ist deutsch“ heißt es in § 184 S. 1 GVG. Alle Verfahrensbeteiligten müssen also ihre mündliche oder schriftliche Kommunikation in deutscher Sprache führen. Soweit eine Person, die sich im Verfahren äußern will oder muss, die deutsche Sprache nicht beherrscht, wird ein Dolmetscher hinzugezogen, § 185 Abs. 1 S. 1 GVG. Dasselbe gilt, wenn jemand Anspruch auf rechtliches Gehör gem. Art. 103 Abs. 1 GG hat, die in deutscher Sprache gemachten Ausführungen der anderen Verfahrensbeteiligten aber nicht versteht. Die Mitwirkung eines Dolmetschers kann interessante materiell-strafrechtliche Probleme im Bereich der Aussagedelikte (§§ 153 ff. StGB) erzeugen. Der vorliegende Text will zum Nachdenken darüber anregen.
Y1 - 2022
UR - https://www.zis-online.com/dat/artikel/2022_1_1465.pdf
SN - 2750-8218
VL - 1
SP - 35
EP - 40
PB - Prof. Dr. Thomas Rotsch
CY - Gießen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Wagner, Rolf
T1 - Prozessrecht: Europäische Zuständigkeitsregeln für Ansprüche aus Patronatsvereinbarung
BT - VO (EU) Nr. 1215/2012 (Brüssel Ia-VO) Art. 6 I, 17 I, 21 I Buchst. b; VO (EG) Nr. 593/2008 (Rom I-VO) Art. 6 I
JF - Europäische Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsrecht
N2 - Die kanadische Immobiliengesellschaft ROI Land Investment Ltd. beschäftigte einen Deutschen (FD) als stellvertretenden Vizepräsidenten im Bereich Finanzkommunikation. Kurz darauf beschlossen die Parteien, ihr Vertragsverhältnis auf eine noch zu gründende Schweizer Gesellschaft zu überführen, deren Muttergesellschaft die ROI Land bildete. Drei Monate später wurde FD Direktor der neuen Schweizerischen Aktiengesellschaft, er arbeitete aber in Stuttgart. Mit der ROI Land schloss er noch eine Patronatsvereinbarung, wonach die kanadische Immobiliengesellschaft für die Verbindlichkeiten der neugegründeten Schweizer AG ihm gegenüber haftete. Nach nur fünf Monaten kündigte die Schweizer Gesellschaft den Arbeitsvertrag. FD griff die Kündigung zwar erfolgreich an, konnte aber das Urteil gegen die inzwischen insolvente Schweizer Gesellschaft nicht vollstrecken, weshalb er die kanadische Immobiliengesellschaft aus der Patronatsvereinbarung verklagte.
Y1 - 2022
UR - https://beck-online.beck.de/Bcid/Y-300-Z-EUZW-B-2022-S-1061-N-1
SN - 0937-7204
VL - 33
IS - 22
SP - 1061
EP - 1066
PB - C.H. Beck
CY - München
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hölzle, Katharina
A1 - Björk, Jennie
A1 - Boer, Harry
T1 - Light at the end of the tunnel
JF - Creativity and innovation management
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/caim.12427
SN - 0963-1690
SN - 1467-8691
VL - 30
IS - 1
SP - 3
EP - 5
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Oxford [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kattner, Florian
A1 - Bryce, Donna
T1 - Attentional control and metacognitive monitoring of the effects of different types of task-Irrelevant sound on serial recall
JF - Journal of experimental psychology : Human perception and performance
N2 - The presence of task-irrelevant sound disrupts short-term memory for serial information. Recent studies found that enhanced perceptual task-encoding load (static visual noise added to target items) reduces the disruptive effect of an auditory deviant but does not affect the task-specific interference by changing-state sound, indicating that the deviation effect may be more susceptible to attentional control. This study aimed to further specify the role of attentional control in shielding against different types of auditory distraction, examining speech and nonspeech distractors presented in laboratory and Web based experiments. To further elucidate the role of controlled processes, we tested whether the detrimental effects of distractor sounds-and their modulation by attentional control-reach participants' awareness. We found that changing-state sound and auditory deviants in steady-state sound equally affected both objective recall performance and metacognitive confidence judgments but did not affect the accuracy of confidence judgments. Most importantly, across four experiments, an increase of task load (visual degradation of the to-be-remembered items) did not reduce either type of auditory distraction. A close replication of the original modulation of the deviation effect by perceptual task load (in an online environment) even revealed a stronger deviation effect at high task load, suggesting that the manipulation may have influenced cognitive load and the ability to control distractor interference in memory. In line with a unitary account of auditory distraction, the results suggest that although both types of distraction reach metacognitive awareness, they may be equally unrelated to perceptual load and the availability of attentional resources.
Public Significance Statement Our ability to hold information in short-term memory suffers in the presence of background sound, but it is unclear to what extent auditory distraction depends on attentional control and metacognitive monitoring. This study reassessed a finding, whereby the diversion of attention by deviant sounds is reduced when the focal task becomes more difficult to process (via perceptual degradation). A series of experiments showed that both the effect of auditory deviants and the interference by changing-state sound is largely resistant to a manipulation of task load, indicating that distraction is not susceptible to attentional control. Nevertheless, participants appeared to be well aware of the detrimental sound effects on performance, as reflected in metacognitive confidence judgments. The findings have important implications for theoretical accounts of auditory distraction, indicating that disruption is attributable to automatic attentional capture, which cannot be controlled despite us being aware of it.
KW - auditory distraction
KW - attentional control
KW - deviation effect
KW - changing-state-effect
KW - metacognitive monitoring
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000982
SN - 0096-1523
SN - 1939-1277
VL - 48
IS - 2
SP - 139
EP - 158
PB - American Psychological Association
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Neuharth, Derek
A1 - Brune, Sascha
A1 - Wrona, Thilo
A1 - Glerum, Anne
A1 - Braun, Jean
A1 - Yuan, Xiaoping
T1 - Evolution of rift systems and their fault networks in response to surface processes
JF - Tectonics
N2 - Continental rifting is responsible for the generation of major sedimentary basins, both during rift inception and during the formation of rifted continental margins. Geophysical and field studies revealed that rifts feature complex networks of normal faults but the factors controlling fault network properties and their evolution are still matter of debate. Here, we employ high-resolution 2D geodynamic models (ASPECT) including two-way coupling to a surface processes (SP) code (FastScape) to conduct 12 models of major rift types that are exposed to various degrees of erosion and sedimentation. We further present a novel quantitative fault analysis toolbox (Fatbox), which allows us to isolate fault growth patterns, the number of faults, and their length and displacement throughout rift history. Our analysis reveals that rift fault networks may evolve through five major phases: (a) distributed deformation and coalescence, (b) fault system growth, (c) fault system decline and basinward localization, (d) rift migration, and (e) breakup. These phases can be correlated to distinct rifted margin domains. Models of asymmetric rifting suggest rift migration is facilitated through both ductile and brittle deformation within a weak exhumation channel that rotates subhorizontally and remains active at low angles. In sedimentation-starved settings, this channel satisfies the conditions for serpentinization. We find that SP are not only able to enhance strain localization and to increase fault longevity but that they also reduce the total length of the fault system, prolong rift phases and delay continental breakup.
KW - rifts
KW - fault network
KW - surface processes
KW - geodynamics
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2021TC007166
SN - 0278-7407
SN - 1944-9194
VL - 41
IS - 3
PB - American Geophysical Union
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Adam, Jan P.
A1 - Hahn, Michelle
A1 - Hölscher, Ines
A1 - Höschel, Heike
A1 - Janzen, Stella
A1 - Kögel, Lukas
T1 - Automatisierung von Routinetätigkeiten im öffentlichen Dienst
JF - Verwaltung & Management
N2 - Auf Basis einer Umfrage unter 300 Beschäftigten im öffentlichen Dienst untersucht dieser Beitrag, welche möglichen Auswirkungen die Digitale Transformation auf das Tätigkeitsprofil von Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeitern im öffentlichen Sektor haben kann. Zum einen finden sich erste Hinweise auf signifikante Effizienzpotenziale durch Automatisierung im öffentlichen Sektor. Zum anderen wird deutlich, dass die Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter dieser Entwicklung mehrheitlich positiv gegenüberstehen und sie aktiv an der Verbesserung von Dienstleistungen mitwirken wollen. Aus diesen Erkenntnissen können zahlreiche Handlungsimplikationen für Veränderungsprojekte in der Praxis abgeleitet werden. Gleichzeitig ruft dieser Beitrag dazu auf, die Folgen der Digitalen Transformation für Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter noch besser zu erforschen.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/0947-9856-2021-1-39
SN - 0947-9856
SN - 2942-352X
VL - 27
IS - 1
SP - 39
EP - 48
PB - Nomos
CY - Baden-Baden
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Caliendo, Marco
A1 - Tübbicke, Stefan
T1 - Design and effectiveness of start-up subsidies
BT - evidence from a policy reform in Germany
JF - Economic analysis and policy
N2 - While a growing body of literature finds positive impacts of Start-Up Subsidies (SUS) on labor market outcomes of participants, little is known about how the design of these programs shapes their effectiveness and hence how to improve policy. As experimental variation in program design is unavailable, we exploit the 2011 reform of the current German SUS program for the unemployed which strengthened caseworkers' discretionary power, increased entry requirements and reduced monetary support. We estimate the impact of the reform on the program's effectiveness using samples of participants and non-participants from before and after the reform. To control for time-constant unobserved heterogeneity as well as differential selection patterns based on observable characteristics over time, we combine Difference-in-Differences with inverse probability weighting using covariate balancing propensity scores. Holding participants' observed characteristics as well as macroeconomic conditions constant, the results suggest that the reform was successful in raising employment effects on average. As these findings may be contaminated by changes in selection patterns based on unobserved characteristics, we assess our results using simulation-based sensitivity analyses and find that our estimates are highly robust to changes in unobserved characteristics. Hence, the reform most likely had a positive impact on the effectiveness of the program, suggesting that increasing entry requirements and reducing support increased the program's impacts while reducing the cost per participant. (C) 2021 Economic Society of Australia, Queensland. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KW - start-up subsidies
KW - institutions
KW - policy reform
KW - difference-in-differences
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2021.02.015
SN - 0313-5926
VL - 70
SP - 333
EP - 340
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Sonnentag, Michael
T1 - § 107 FamFG, Art. 46 Brüssel IIa-VO
BT - Anerkennung einer Scheidung vor spanischem Notar
JF - Zeitschrift für das gesamte Familienrecht
Y1 - 2022
UR - https://www.juris.de/perma?d=jzs-FamRZ-2022-14-021-1122
SN - 0044-2410
VL - 69
IS - 14
SP - 1122
EP - 1125
PB - Gieseking
CY - Bielefeld
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Iturri, Laura Antonela
A1 - Funk, Roger
A1 - Sommer, Michael
A1 - Buschiazzo, Daniel
T1 - Transport preferences of P forms in wind-blown sediments of two susceptible soils
JF - Aeolian research : an international journal on wind erosion research / International Society of Aeolian Research
N2 - Wind erosion of agricultural soils affects their stock of essential elements for plants, like phosphorus (P). It is known that the composition of the eroded sediments varies with height, according to the size and density of the transported substances. Aim of this study was to analyze the concentration and enrichment ratios of P forms in sediments transported by the wind. A wind-tunnel study was performed on a sandy-and a sandy loam soil in order to measure P forms concentrations in the saltating sediments. P concentrations were also measured in the particulate matter (PM) of each soil, gained with the Easy Dust Generator. In both soils, inorganic-(Pi) and organic P (Po) were preferentially transported in PM, with enrichment ratios of 1.8 and 5.5, respectively. Nevertheless, a Pi/Po of 0.9 indicated that the accumulation of the minor Po in PM was more pronounced than Pi. This agrees with P-rich light and easily erodible organic compounds, almost exclusively accumulated in PM, and in relatively heavy and less erodible minerals, like apatites, in lower height sediments. Labile P (Pl) was preferentially transported in saltating sediments of both soils. This was attributed to the selective Bray & Kurtz I's extraction of the abundant inorganic P forms of these sediments. Total P (Pt) copied the transport trends of Pi, the major form. According to the transporting trends, Pi and Po would be re-sedimented at longer distances from the source than Pl. Outcomes become useful for modeling the influence of wind erosion on P cycling.
KW - Nutrient
KW - Soil fertility
KW - Wind erosion
KW - Semiarid
KW - Wind tunnel
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100776
SN - 1875-9637
VL - 55
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hofeditz, Lennart
A1 - Mirbabaie, Milad
A1 - Ortmann, Mara
T1 - Ethical challenges for human–agent interaction in virtual collaboration at work
JF - International journal of human computer interaction
N2 - In virtual collaboration at the workplace, a growing number of teams apply supportive conversational agents (CAs). They take on different work-related tasks for teams and single users such as scheduling meetings or stimulating creativity. Previous research merely focused on these positive aspects of introducing CAs at the workplace, omitting ethical challenges faced by teams using these often artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled technologies. Thus, on the one hand, CAs can present themselves as benevolent teammates, but on the other hand, they can collect user data, reduce worker autonomy, or foster social isolation by their service. In this work, we conducted 15 expert interviews with senior researchers from the fields of ethics, collaboration, and computer science in order to derive ethical guidelines for introducing CAs in virtual team collaboration. We derived 14 guidelines and seven research questions to pave the way for future research on the dark sides of human–agent interaction in organizations.
KW - conversational agents
KW - human–computer interaction
KW - virtual collaboration
KW - ethics
KW - virtual teams
KW - trust
Y1 - 2023
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2023.2279400
SN - 1044-7318
SN - 1532-7590
PB - Taylor & Francis
CY - New York, NY
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zimmermann, Marc
A1 - Stomps, Benjamin René Harald
A1 - Schulte-Osseili, Christine
A1 - Grigoriev, Dmitry
A1 - Ewen, Dirk
A1 - Morgan, Andrew
A1 - Böker, Alexander
T1 - Organic dye anchor peptide conjugates as an advanced coloring agent for polypropylene yarn
JF - Textile Research Journal
N2 - Polypropylene as one of the world's top commodity polymers is also widely used in the textile industry. However, its non-polar nature and partially crystalline structure significantly complicate the process of industrial coloring of polypropylene. Currently, textiles made of polypropylene or with a significant proportion of polypropylene are dyed under quite harsh conditions, including the use of high pressures and temperatures, which makes this process energy intensive. This research presents a three-step synthesis of coloring agents, capable of adhering onto synthetic polypropylene yarns without harsh energy-consuming conditions. This is possible by encapsulation of organic pigments using trimethoxyphenylsilane, introduction of surface double bonds via modification of the silica shell with trimethoxysilylpropylmethacrylate and final attachment of highly adhesive anchor peptides using thiol-ene chemistry. We demonstrate the applicability of this approach by dyeing polypropylene yarns in a simple process under ambient conditions after giving a step-by-step guide for the synthesis of these new dyeing agents. Finally, the successful dyeing of the yarns is visualized, and its practicability is discussed.
KW - anchor peptides
KW - organic dye pigments
KW - coloring agents
KW - polypropylene
KW - yarns
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517520932231
SN - 0040-5175
SN - 1746-7748
VL - 91
IS - 1-2
SP - 28
EP - 39
PB - Sage Publ.
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Sonnentag, Michael
T1 - Fluggastrechte bei Buchung eines Firmentarifs
BT - VO (EG) Nr. 261/2004 (Fluggastrechte-VO) Art. 3 III
JF - Neue juristische Wochenschrift
N2 - Ein vergünstigter Tarif, den ein Luftfahrtunternehmen für Geschäftsreisen von Mitarbeitern eines Unternehmens gewährt, das eine entsprechende Rahmenvereinbarung geschlossen hat, ist im Sinne des Art. 3 III 1 Fluggastrechte-VO für die Öffentlichkeit verfügbar.
Y1 - 2021
UR - https://beck-online.beck.de/Bcid/Y-300-Z-NJW-B-2021-S-3659-N-1
SN - 0341-1915
VL - 74
IS - 50
SP - 3659
EP - 3663
PB - C.H. Beck
CY - München
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Serrano-Munoz, Itziar
A1 - Fernández Serrano, Ricardo
A1 - Saliwan-Neumann, Romeo
A1 - Gonzalez-Doncel, Gaspar
A1 - Bruno, Giovanni
T1 - Dislocation substructures in pure aluminium after creep deformation as studied by electron backscatter diffraction
JF - Journal of applied crystallography / International Union of Crystallography
N2 - In the present work, electron backscatter diffraction was used to determine the microscopic dislocation structures generated during creep (with tests interrupted at the steady state) in pure 99.8% aluminium. This material was investigated at two different stress levels, corresponding to the power-law and power-law breakdown regimes. The results show that the formation of subgrain cellular structures occurs independently of the crystallographic orientation. However, the density of these cellular structures strongly depends on the grain crystallographic orientation with respect to the tensile axis direction, with (111) grains exhibiting the highest densities at both stress levels. It is proposed that this behaviour is due to the influence of intergranular stresses, which is different in (111) and (001) grains.
KW - creep
KW - pure aluminium
KW - electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)
KW - cellular
KW - structures
KW - power law and power-law breakdown
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600576722005209
SN - 1600-5767
VL - 55
SP - 860
EP - 869
PB - Munksgaard
CY - Copenhagen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ariagno, Coline
A1 - Le Bouteiller, Caroline
A1 - van der Beek, Peter
A1 - Klotz, Sébastien
T1 - Sediment export in marly badland catchments modulated by frost-cracking intensity, Draix–Bléone Critical Zone Observatory, SE France
JF - Earth surface dynamics : ESURF ; an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union
N2 - At the interface between the lithosphere and the atmosphere, the critical zone records the complex interactions between erosion, climate, geologic substrate, and life and can be directly monitored. Long data records (30 consecutive years for sediment yields) collected in the sparsely vegetated, steep, and small marly badland catchments of the Draix-Bleone Critical Zone Observatory (CZO), SE France, allow analyzing potential climatic controls on regolith dynamics and sediment export. Although widely accepted as a first-order control, rainfall variability does not fully explain the observed interannual variability in sediment export. Previous studies in this area have suggested that frost-weathering processes could drive regolith production and potentially modulate the observed pattern of sediment export. Here, we define sediment export anomalies as the residuals from a predictive model with annual rainfall intensity above a threshold as the control. We then use continuous soil temperature data recorded at different locations over multiple years to highlight the role of different frost-weathering processes (i.e., ice segregation versus volumetric expansion) in regolith production. Several proxies for different frost-weathering processes have been calculated from these data and compared to the sediment export anomalies, with careful consideration of field data quality. Our results suggest that frost-cracking intensity (linked to ice segregation) can explain about half (47 %-64 %) of the sediment export anomalies. In contrast, the number of freeze-thaw cycles (linked to volumetric expansion) has only a minor impact on catchment sediment response. The time spent below 0 degrees C also correlates well with the sediment export anomalies and requires fewer field data to be calculated than the frost-cracking intensity. Thus, frost-weathering processes modulate sediment export by controlling regolith production in these catchments and should be taken into account when building predictive models of sediment export from these badlands under a changing climate.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-10-81-2022
SN - 2196-6311
SN - 2196-632X
VL - 10
IS - 1
SP - 81
EP - 96
PB - Copernicus
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Sonnentag, Michael
A1 - Bischof, Manuela
T1 - ZR-Anfängerhausarbeit zum BGB-AT und Schuldrecht
BT - der verflixte Schallplattenkauf
JF - Juristische Ausbildung
N2 - Die Hausarbeit beinhaltet Probleme des Allgemeinen Teils des BGB sowie des Schuldrechts. Sie wurde in geringfügig abgewandelter Form als Ferienhausarbeit für Anfänger im Bürgerlichen Recht im Wintersemester 2018/2019 an der Universität Würzburg gestellt. Der Notendurchschnitt lag bei 6,25 Punkten, die Hausarbeit wurde von 18,75 % der Studierenden nicht bestanden.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/jura-2020-2510
SN - 0170-1452
SN - 1612-7021
VL - 43
IS - 11
SP - 1346
EP - 1356
PB - De Gruyter
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Smetanová, Anna
A1 - Müller, Anne
A1 - Zargar, Morteza
A1 - Suleiman, Mohamed A.
A1 - Gholami, Faraz Rabei
A1 - Mousavi, Maryam
T1 - Mesoscale mapping of sediment source hotspots for dam sediment management in data-sparse semi-arid catchments
JF - Water
N2 - Land degradation and water availability in semi-arid regions are interdependent challenges for management that are influenced by climatic and anthropogenic changes. Erosion and high sediment loads in rivers cause reservoir siltation and decrease storage capacity, which pose risk on water security for citizens, agriculture, and industry. In regions where resources for management are limited, identifying spatial-temporal variability of sediment sources is crucial to decrease siltation. Despite widespread availability of rigorous methods, approaches simplifying spatial and temporal variability of erosion are often inappropriately applied to very data sparse semi-arid regions. In this work, we review existing approaches for mapping erosional hotspots, and provide an example of spatial-temporal mapping approach in two case study regions. The barriers limiting data availability and their effects on erosion mapping methods, their validation, and resulting prioritization of leverage management areas are discussed.
KW - reservoir siltation
KW - water security
KW - water management
KW - data sharing
KW - spatial-temporal
KW - erosion hotspots
KW - mapping
KW - global datasets
KW - mesoscale
KW - leverage areas
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/w12020396
SN - 2073-4441
VL - 12
IS - 2
SP - 1
EP - 24
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Poch, Olivier
A1 - Istiqomah, Istiqomah
A1 - Quirico, Eric
A1 - Beck, Pierre
A1 - Schmitt, Bernard
A1 - Theulé, Patrice
A1 - Faure, Alexandre
A1 - Hily-Blant, Pierre
A1 - Bonal, Lydie
A1 - Kappel, David
T1 - Ammonium salts are a reservoir of nitrogen on a cometary nucleus and possibly on some asteroids
JF - Science
N2 - The measured nitrogen-to-carbon ratio in comets is lower than for the Sun, a discrepancy which could be alleviated if there is an unknown reservoir of nitrogen in comets. The nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko exhibits an unidentified broad spectral reflectance feature around 3.2 micrometers, which is ubiquitous across its surface. On the basis of laboratory experiments, we attribute this absorption band to ammonium salts mixed with dust on the surface. The depth of the band indicates that semivolatile ammonium salts are a substantial reservoir of nitrogen in the comet, potentially dominating over refractory organic matter and more volatile species. Similar absorption features appear in the spectra of some asteroids, implying a compositional link between asteroids, comets, and the parent interstellar cloud.
KW - resolution infrared-spectroscopy
KW - ice absorption features
KW - young stellar objects
KW - exposed water ice
KW - MU-M
KW - bidirectional reflectance
KW - murchison meteorite
KW - interstellar ice
KW - spectra
KW - surface
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw7462
SN - 1095-9203
SN - 0036-8075
VL - 367
IS - 6483
SP - 1
EP - 8
PB - AAAS, American Association for the Advancement of Science
CY - Washington, DC
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Vyse, Stuart Andrew
A1 - Semiromi, Majid Taie
A1 - Lischeid, Gunnar
A1 - Merz, Christoph
T1 - Characterizing hydrological processes within kettle holes using stable water isotopes in the Uckermark of northern Brandenburg, Germany
JF - Hydrological Processes
N2 - Understanding the hydrologic connectivity between kettle holes and shallow groundwater, particularly in reaction to the highly variable local meteorological conditions, is of paramount importance for tracing water in a hydro(geo)logically complex landscape and thus for integrated water resource management. This article is aimed at identifying the dominant hydrological processes affecting the kettle holes' water balance and their interactions with the shallow groundwater domain in the Uckermark region, located in the north-east of Germany. For this reason, based on the stable isotopes of oxygen (delta O-18) and hydrogen (delta H-2), an isotopic mass balance model was employed to compute the evaporative loss of water from the kettle holes from February to August 2017. Results demonstrated that shallow groundwater inflow may play the pivotal role in the processes taking part in the hydrology of the kettle holes in the Uckermark region. Based on the calculated evaporation/inflow (E/I) ratios, most of the kettle holes (86.7%) were ascertained to have a partially open, flow-through-dominated system. Moreover, we identified an inverse correlation between E/I ratios and the altitudes of the kettle holes. The same holds for electrical conductivity (EC) and the altitudes of the kettle holes. In accordance with the findings obtained from this study, a conceptual model explaining the interaction between the shallow groundwater and the kettle holes of Uckermark was developed. The model exhibited that across the highest altitudes, the recharge kettle holes are dominant, where a lower ratio of E/I and a lower EC was detected. By contrast, the lowest topographical depressions represent the discharge kettle holes, where a higher ratio of E/I and EC could be identified. The kettle holes existing in between were categorized as flow-through kettle holes through which the recharge takes place from one side and discharge from the other side.
KW - evaporation
KW - groundwater inflow
KW - kettle hole
KW - stable water isotope
KW - surface–groundwater interactions
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13699
SN - 0885-6087
SN - 1099-1085
VL - 34
IS - 8
SP - 1868
EP - 1887
PB - Wiley
CY - New York
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Yamazaki, Yosuke
A1 - Wendt, Vivien
A1 - Miyoshi, Y.
A1 - Stolle, Claudia
A1 - Siddiqui, Tarique Adnan
A1 - Kervalishvili, Guram N.
A1 - Laštovička, J.
A1 - Kozubek, M.
A1 - Ward, W.
A1 - Themens, D. R.
A1 - Kristoffersen, S.
A1 - Alken, Patrick
T1 - September 2019 Antarctic sudden stratospheric warming
BT - Quasi-6-Day wave burst and ionospheric effects
JF - Geophysical Research Letters
N2 - An exceptionally strong stationary planetary wave with Zonal Wavenumber 1 led to a sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) in the Southern Hemisphere in September 2019. Ionospheric data from European Space Agency's Swarm satellite constellation mission show prominent 6-day variations in the dayside low-latitude region at this time, which can be attributed to forcing from the middle atmosphere by the Rossby normal mode "quasi-6-day wave" (Q6DW). Geopotential height measurements by the Microwave Limb Sounder aboard National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Aura satellite reveal a burst of global Q6DW activity in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere during the SSW, which is one of the strongest in the record. The Q6DW is apparently generated in the polar stratosphere at 30-40 km, where the atmosphere is unstable due to strong vertical wind shear connected with planetary wave breaking. These results suggest that an Antarctic SSW can lead to ionospheric variability through wave forcing from the middle atmosphere.
Plain Language Summary: A sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is an extreme wintertime polar meteorological phenomenon occurring mostly over the Arctic region. Studies have shown that Arctic SSW can influence the entire atmosphere. In September 2019, a rare SSW event occurred in the Antarctic region, providing an opportunity to investigate its broader impact on the whole atmosphere. We present observations from the middle atmosphere and ionosphere during this event, noting unusually strong wave activity throughout this region. Our results suggest that an Antarctic SSW can have a significant impact on the whole atmosphere system similar to those due to Arctic events.
KW - Rossby-normal modes
KW - nonumiform background configuration
KW - total electron-content
KW - large-scale
KW - planetary-waves
KW - 5-day waves
KW - equatorial electrojet
KW - lower thermosphere
KW - symmetric modes
KW - 6.5-Day wave
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL086577
SN - 0094-8276
SN - 1944-8007
VL - 47
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 12
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Masigol, Hossein
A1 - Khodaparast, Seyed Akbar
A1 - Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa, Reza
A1 - Rojas-Jimenez, Keilor
A1 - Woodhouse, Jason Nicholas
A1 - Neubauer, Darshan
A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter
T1 - Taxonomical and functional diversity of Saprolegniales in Anzali lagoon, Iran
JF - Aquatic Ecology
N2 - Studies on the diversity, distribution and ecological role of Saprolegniales (Oomycota) in freshwater ecosystems are currently receiving attention due to a greater understanding of their role in carbon cycling in various aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we characterized several Saprolegniales species isolated from Anzali lagoon, Gilan province, Iran, using morphological and molecular methods. Four species of Saprolegnia were identified, including S. anisospora and S. diclina as first reports for Iran, as well as Achlya strains, which were closely related to A. bisexualis, A. debaryana and A. intricata. Evaluation of the ligno-, cellulo- and chitinolytic activities was performed using plate assay methods. Most of the Saprolegniales isolates were obtained in autumn, and nearly 50% of the strains showed chitinolytic and cellulolytic activities. However, only a few Saprolegniales strains showed lignolytic activities. This study has important implications for better understanding the ecological niche of oomycetes, and to differentiate them from morphologically similar, but functionally different aquatic fungi in freshwater ecosystems.
KW - Achlya
KW - Saprolegnia
KW - aquatic ecosystems
KW - carbon cycling
KW - polymer degradation
KW - Saprolegniaceae
KW - Achlyaceae
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-019-09745-w
SN - 1573-5125
SN - 1386-2588
VL - 54
IS - 1
SP - 323
EP - 336
PB - Springer Science
CY - Dordrecht
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Stanke, Sandra
A1 - Wenger, Christian
A1 - Bier, Frank Fabian
A1 - Hölzel, Ralph
T1 - AC electrokinetic immobilization of influenza virus
JF - Electrophoresis : microfluids & proteomics
N2 - The use of alternating current (AC) electrokinetic forces, like dielectrophoresis and AC electroosmosis, as a simple and fast method to immobilize sub-micrometer objects onto nanoelectrode arrays is presented. Due to its medical relevance, the influenza virus is chosen as a model organism. One of the outstanding features is that the immobilization of viral material to the electrodes can be achieved permanently, allowing subsequent handling independently from the electrical setup. Thus, by using merely electric fields, we demonstrate that the need of prior chemical surface modification could become obsolete. The accumulation of viral material over time is observed by fluorescence microscopy. The influences of side effects like electrothermal fluid flow, causing a fluid motion above the electrodes and causing an intensity gradient within the electrode array, are discussed. Due to the improved resolution by combining fluorescence microscopy with deconvolution, it is shown that the viral material is mainly drawn to the electrode edge and to a lesser extent to the electrode surface. Finally, areas of application for this functionalization technique are presented.
KW - AC electrokinetics
KW - AC electroosmosis
KW - dielectrophoresis
KW - influenza virus
KW - nanoelectrodes
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.202100324
SN - 0173-0835
SN - 1522-2683
VL - 43
IS - 12
SP - 1309
EP - 1321
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Weinheim
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Prieske, Olaf
A1 - Chaabene, Helmi
A1 - Moran, Jason
A1 - Saeterbakken, Atle Hole
T1 - Adaptations to Advanced Resistance Training Strategies in Youth and Adult Athletes
JF - Frontiers in physiology / Frontiers Research Foundation
KW - strength training
KW - sportsmen
KW - mechanisms
KW - chronic effects
KW - acute effects
KW - applied physiology
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.888118
SN - 1664-042X
VL - 13
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ilic, Ivan
A1 - Schutjajew, Konstantin
A1 - Zhang, Wuyong
A1 - Oschatz, Martin
T1 - Changes of porosity of hard carbons during mechanical treatment and the relevance for sodium-ion anodes
JF - Carbon : an international journal sponsored by the American Carbon Society
N2 - Lithium-ion batteries have revolutionized battery technology. However, the scarcity of lithium in nature is driving the search for alternatives. For that reason, sodium-ion batteries have attracted increasing attention in recent years. The main obstacle to their development is the anode as, unlike for lithium-ion batteries, graphite cannot be used due to the inability to form stoichiometrically useful intercalation compounds with sodium. A promising candidate for sodium storage is hard carbon a form of nongraphitisable carbon, that can be synthesized from various precursor materials. Processing of hard carbons is often done by using mechanochemical treatments. Although it is generally accepted and often observed that they can influence the porosity of hard carbons, their effect on battery performance not well understood. Here, the changes in porosity occurring during ball milling are elucidated and related to the properties of hard carbons in sodium storage. Analysis by combined gas physisorption and small angle X-ray scattering shows that porosity changes during ball milling with a significant increase of the open porosity, unsuitable for reversible sodium storage, and decrease of the closed porosity, suitable for reversible sodium storage. While pristine hard carbon can store 58.5 mAh g(-1) in the closed pores, upon 5 h of mechanical treatment in a ball mill it can only store 35.5 mAh g(-1). The obtained results are furthermore pointing towards the disputed "intercalation-adsorption" mechanism.
KW - Hard carbons
KW - Sodium-ion batteries
KW - Anodes
KW - Microporosity
KW - Ball milling
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2021.09.063
SN - 0008-6223
SN - 1873-3891
VL - 186
SP - 55
EP - 63
PB - Elsevier Science
CY - Amsterdam [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Navarro, Marisa
A1 - Orejas, Fernando
A1 - Pino, Elvira
A1 - Lambers, Leen
T1 - A navigational logic for reasoning about graph properties
JF - Journal of logical and algebraic methods in programming
N2 - Graphs play an important role in many areas of Computer Science. In particular, our work is motivated by model-driven software development and by graph databases. For this reason, it is very important to have the means to express and to reason about the properties that a given graph may satisfy. With this aim, in this paper we present a visual logic that allows us to describe graph properties, including navigational properties, i.e., properties about the paths in a graph. The logic is equipped with a deductive tableau method that we have proved to be sound and complete.
KW - Graph logic
KW - Algebraic methods
KW - Formal modelling
KW - Specification
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlamp.2020.100616
SN - 2352-2208
SN - 2352-2216
VL - 118
PB - Elsevier Science
CY - Amsterdam [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gupta, Banshi D.
A1 - Pathak, Anisha
A1 - Shrivastav, Anand
T1 - Optical Biomedical Diagnostics Using Lab-on-Fiber Technology
BT - a review
JF - Photonics : open access journal
N2 - Point-of-care and in-vivo bio-diagnostic tools are the current need for the present critical scenarios in the healthcare industry. The past few decades have seen a surge in research activities related to solving the challenges associated with precise on-site bio-sensing. Cutting-edge fiber optic technology enables the interaction of light with functionalized fiber surfaces at remote locations to develop a novel, miniaturized and cost-effective lab on fiber technology for bio-sensing applications. The recent remarkable developments in the field of nanotechnology provide innumerable functionalization methodologies to develop selective bio-recognition elements for label free biosensors. These exceptional methods may be easily integrated with fiber surfaces to provide highly selective light-matter interaction depending on various transduction mechanisms. In the present review, an overview of optical fiber-based biosensors has been provided with focus on physical principles used, along with the functionalization protocols for the detection of various biological analytes to diagnose the disease. The design and performance of these biosensors in terms of operating range, selectivity, response time and limit of detection have been discussed. In the concluding remarks, the challenges associated with these biosensors and the improvement required to develop handheld devices to enable direct target detection have been highlighted.
KW - fiber optic sensors
KW - synthesis
KW - interferometry
KW - fluorescence
KW - SERS
KW - SPR
KW - immunosensors
KW - enzymatic sensors
KW - molecular imprinted polymers
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9020086
SN - 2304-6732
VL - 9
IS - 2
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kotz, Maximilian
A1 - Levermann, Anders
A1 - Wenz, Leonie
T1 - The effect of rainfall changes on economic production
JF - Nature : the international journal of science
N2 - Macro-economic assessments of climate impacts lack an analysis of the distribution of daily rainfall, which can resolve both complex societal impact channels and anthropogenically forced changes(1-6). Here, using a global panel of subnational economic output for 1,554 regions worldwide over the past 40 years, we show that economic growth rates are reduced by increases in the number of wet days and in extreme daily rainfall, in addition to responding nonlinearly to the total annual and to the standardized monthly deviations of rainfall. Furthermore, high-income nations and the services and manufacturing sectors are most strongly hindered by both measures of daily rainfall, complementing previous work that emphasized the beneficial effects of additional total annual rainfall in low-income, agriculturally dependent economies(4,7). By assessing the distribution of rainfall at multiple timescales and the effects on different sectors, we uncover channels through which climatic conditions can affect the economy. These results suggest that anthropogenic intensification of daily rainfall extremes(8-10) will have negative global economic consequences that require further assessment by those who wish to evaluate the costs of anthropogenic climate change.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04283-8
SN - 0028-0836
SN - 1476-4687
VL - 601
IS - 7892
SP - 223
EP - 227
PB - Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Tong, Hao
A1 - Nankar, Amol N.
A1 - Liu, Jintao
A1 - Todorova, Velichka
A1 - Ganeva, Daniela
A1 - Grozeva, Stanislava
A1 - Tringovska, Ivanka
A1 - Pasev, Gancho
A1 - Radeva-Ivanova, Vesela
A1 - Gechev, Tsanko
A1 - Kostova, Dimitrina
A1 - Nikoloski, Zoran
T1 - Genomic prediction of morphometric and colorimetric traits in Solanaceous fruits
JF - Horticulture research
N2 - Selection of high-performance lines with respect to traits of interest is a key step in plant breeding. Genomic prediction allows to determine the genomic estimated breeding values of unseen lines for trait of interest using genetic markers, e.g. single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and machine learning approaches, which can therefore shorten breeding cycles, referring to genomic selection (GS). Here, we applied GS approaches in two populations of Solanaceous crops, i.e. tomato and pepper, to predict morphometric and colorimetric traits. The traits were measured by using scoring-based conventional descriptors (CDs) as well as by Tomato Analyzer (TA) tool using the longitudinally and latitudinally cut fruit images. The GS performance was assessed in cross-validations of classification-based and regression-based machine learning models for CD and TA traits, respectively. The results showed the usage of TA traits and tag SNPs provide a powerful combination to predict morphology and color-related traits of Solanaceous fruits. The highest predictability of 0.89 was achieved for fruit width in pepper, with an average predictability of 0.69 over all traits. The multi-trait GS models are of slightly better predictability than single-trait models for some colorimetric traits in pepper. While model validation performs poorly on wild tomato accessions, the usage as many as one accession per wild species in the training set can increase the transferability of models to unseen populations for some traits (e.g. fruit shape for which predictability in unseen scenario increased from zero to 0.6). Overall, GS approaches can assist the selection of high-performance Solanaceous fruits in crop breeding.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhac072
SN - 2052-7276
VL - 9
PB - Oxford Univ. Press
CY - Cary
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Gevay, Gabor E.
A1 - Rabl, Tilmann
A1 - Bress, Sebastian
A1 - Maclai-Tahy, Lorand
A1 - Quiane-Ruiz, Jorge-Arnulfo
A1 - Markl, Volker
T1 - Imperative or Functional Control Flow Handling: Why not the Best of Both Worlds?
JF - SIGMOD record
N2 - Modern data analysis tasks often involve control flow statements, such as the iterations in PageRank and K-means. To achieve scalability, developers usually implement these tasks in distributed dataflow systems, such as Spark and Flink. Designers of such systems have to choose between providing imperative or functional control flow constructs to users. Imperative constructs are easier to use, but functional constructs are easier to compile to an efficient dataflow job. We propose Mitos, a system where control flow is both easy to use and efficient. Mitos relies on an intermediate representation based on the static single assignment form. This allows us to abstract away from specific control flow constructs and treat any imperative control flow uniformly both when building the dataflow job and when coordinating the distributed execution.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDE51399.2021.00127
SN - 0163-5808
SN - 1943-5835
VL - 51
IS - 1
SP - 60
EP - 67
PB - Association for Computing Machinery
CY - New York
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kidd, Evan
A1 - Garcia, Rowena
T1 - How diverse is child language acquisition research?
JF - First language
N2 - A comprehensive theory of child language acquisition requires an evidential base that is representative of the typological diversity present in the world's 7000 or so languages. However, languages are dying at an alarming rate, and the next 50 years represents the last chance we have to document acquisition in many of them. Here, we take stock of the last 45 years of research published in the four main child language acquisition journals: Journal of Child Language, First Language, Language Acquisition and Language Learning and Development. We coded each article for several variables, including (1) participant group (mono vs multilingual), (2) language(s), (3) topic(s) and (4) country of author affiliation, from each journal's inception until the end of 2020. We found that we have at least one article published on around 103 languages, representing approximately 1.5% of the world's languages. The distribution of articles was highly skewed towards English and other well-studied Indo-European languages, with the majority of non-Indo-European languages having just one paper. A majority of the papers focused on studies of monolingual children, although papers did not always explicitly report participant group status. The distribution of topics across language categories was more even. The number of articles published on non-Indo-European languages from countries outside of North America and Europe is increasing; however, this increase is driven by research conducted in relatively wealthy countries. Overall, the vast majority of the research was produced in the Global North. We conclude that, despite a proud history of crosslinguistic research, the goals of the discipline need to be recalibrated before we can lay claim to truly a representative account of child language acquisition.
KW - linguistic diversity
KW - child language acquisition
KW - typology
KW - archival
KW - research
KW - language coverage
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/01427237211066405
SN - 0142-7237
SN - 1740-2344
VL - 42
IS - 6
SP - 703
EP - 735
PB - Sage
CY - London [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie
A1 - Tschorn, Mira
A1 - Michalski, Niels
A1 - Hoebel, Jens
A1 - Förstner, Bernd Rainer
A1 - Rapp, Michael A.
A1 - Spallek, Jacob
T1 - Association of regional socioeconomic deprivation and rurality with global developmental delay in early childhood
BT - Data from mandatory school entry examinations in Germany
JF - Health & place : an international journal ; a social science & medicine publication ; incorporating Geographia medica
N2 - Background:
From birth to young adulthood, health and development of young people are strongly linked to their living situation, including their family's socioeconomic position (SEP) and living environment. The impact of regional characteristics on development in early childhood beyond family SEP has been rarely investigated. This study aimed to identify regional predictors of global developmental delay at school entry taking family SEP into consideration.
Method:
We used representative, population-based data from mandatory school entry examinations of the German federal state of Brandenburg in 2018/2019 with n=22,801 preschool children. By applying binary multilevel models, we hierarchically analyzed the effect of regional deprivation defined by the German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation (GISD) and rurality operationalized as inverted population density of the children's school district on global developmental delay (GDD) while adjusting for family SEP (low, medium and high)
Results:
Family SEP was significantly and strongly linked to GDD. Children with the highest family SEP showed a lower odds for GDD compared to a medium SEP (female: OR=4.26, male: OR=3.46) and low SEP (female: OR=16.58, male: OR=12.79). Furthermore, we discovered a smaller, but additional and independent effect of regional socioeconomic deprivation on GDD, with a higher odds for children from a more deprived school district (female: OR=1.35, male: OR=1.20). However, rurality did not show a significant link to GDD in preschool children beyond family SEP and regional deprivation.
Conclusion:
Family SEP and regional deprivation are risk factors for child development and of particular interest to promote health of children in early childhood and over the life course.
KW - Health inequalities
KW - Spatial analysis
KW - Regional deprivation
KW - Rurality
KW - Developmental delay
KW - Children
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102794
SN - 1353-8292
SN - 1873-2054
VL - 75
PB - Elsevier Science
CY - Amsterdam [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kruse, Stefan
A1 - Stünzi, Simone Maria
A1 - Boike, Julia
A1 - Langer, Moritz
A1 - Gloy, Josias
A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike
T1 - Novel coupled permafrost-forest model (LAVESI-CryoGrid v1.0) revealing the interplay between permafrost, vegetation, and climate across eastern Siberia
JF - Geoscientific model development : GMD ; an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union
N2 - Boreal forests of Siberia play a relevant role in the global carbon cycle. However, global warming threatens the existence of summergreen larch-dominated ecosystems, likely enabling a transition to evergreen tree taxa with deeper active layers. Complex permafrost-vegetation interactions make it uncertain whether these ecosystems could develop into a carbon source rather than continuing atmospheric carbon sequestration under global warming. Consequently, shedding light on the role of current and future active layer dynamics and the feedbacks with the apparent tree species is crucial to predict boreal forest transition dynamics and thus for aboveground forest biomass and carbon stock developments. Hence, we established a coupled model version amalgamating a one-dimensional permafrost multilayer forest land-surface model (CryoGrid) with LAVESI, an individual-based and spatially explicit forest model for larch species (Larix Mill.), extended for this study by including other relevant Siberian forest species and explicit terrain.
Following parameterization, we ran simulations with the coupled version to the near future to 2030 with a mild climate-warming scenario. We focus on three regions covering a gradient of summergreen forests in the east at Spasskaya Pad, mixed summergreen-evergreen forests close to Nyurba, and the warmest area at Lake Khamra in the southeast of Yakutia, Russia. Coupled simulations were run with the newly implemented boreal forest species and compared to runs allowing only one species at a time, as well as to simulations using just LAVESI. Results reveal that the coupled version corrects for overestimation of active layer thickness (ALT) and soil moisture, and large differences in established forests are simulated. We conclude that the coupled version can simulate the complex environment of eastern Siberia by reproducing vegetation patterns, making it an excellent tool to disentangle processes driving boreal forest dynamics.
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-2395-2022
SN - 1991-959X
SN - 1991-9603
VL - 15
IS - 6
SP - 2395
EP - 2422
PB - Copernicus
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Akampurira, Denis
A1 - Akala, Hoseah M.
A1 - Derese, Solomon
A1 - Heydenreich, Matthias
A1 - Yenesew, Abiy
T1 - A new C-C linked benzophenathridine-2-quinoline dimer, and the antiplasmodial activity of alkaloids from Zanthoxylum holstzianum
JF - Natural product research
N2 - The CH2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) extract of Zanthoxylum holstzianum stem bark showed good antiplasmodial activity (IC50 2.5 +/- 0.3 and 2.6 +/- 0.3 mu g/mL against the W2 and D6 strains of Plasmodium falciparum, respectively). From the extract five benzophenanthridine alkaloids [8-acetonyldihydrochelerythrine (1), nitidine (2), dihydrochelerythine (3), norchelerythrine (5), arnottianamide (8)]; a 2-quinolone alkaloid [N-methylflindersine (4)]; a lignan [4,4 '-dihydroxy-3,3 '-dimethoxylignan-9,9 '-diyl diacetate (7)] and a dimer of a benzophenanthridine and 2-quinoline [holstzianoquinoline (6)] were isolated. The CH2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) extract of the root bark afforded 1, 3-6, 8, chelerythridimerine (9) and 9-demethyloxychelerythrine (10). Holstzianoquinoline (6) is new, and is the second dimer linked by a C-C bond of a benzophenanthridine and a 2-quinoline reported thus far. The compounds were identified based on spectroscopic evidence. Amongst five compounds (1-5) tested against two strains of P. falciparum, nitidine (IC50 0.11 +/- 0.01 mu g/mL against W2 and D6 strains) and norchelerythrine (IC50 value of 0.15 +/- 0.01 mu g/mL against D6 strain) were the most active.
KW - Antiplasmodial
KW - benzophenanthridine alkaloid
KW - holstzianoquinoline;
KW - rutaceae
KW - Zanthoxylum holstzianum
Y1 - 2022
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2022.2034810
SN - 1478-6419
SN - 1478-6427
VL - 37
IS - 13
SP - 2161
EP - 2171
PB - Taylor & Francis
CY - London [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Neuharth, Derek
A1 - Brune, Sascha
A1 - Glerum, Anne
A1 - Morley, Chris K.
A1 - Yuan, Xiaoping
A1 - Braun, Jean
T1 - Flexural strike-slip basins
JF - Geology : a venture in earth science reporting / the Geological Society of America
N2 - Strike-slip faults are classically associated with pull-apart basins where continental crust is thinned between two laterally offset fault segments. We propose a subsidence mechanism to explain the formation of a new type of basin where no substantial segment offset or synstrike-slip thinning is observed. Such "flexural strike-slip basins" form due to a sediment load creating accommodation space by bending the lithosphere. We use a two-way coupling between the geodynamic code ASPECT and surface-processes code FastScape to show that flexural strike-slip basins emerge if sediment is deposited on thin lithosphere close to a strike slip fault. These conditions were met at the Andaman Basin Central fault (Andaman Sea, Indian Ocean), where seismic reflection data provide evidence of a laterally extensive flexural basin with a depocenter located parallel to the strike-slip fault trace.
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1130/G49351.1
SN - 0091-7613
SN - 1943-2682
VL - 50
IS - 3
SP - 361
EP - 365
PB - American Institute of Physics
CY - Boulder
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lettl, Tobias
T1 - Beweislast; Zurechnung kartellrechtswidrigen Verhaltens einer Gesellschaft; Stimmrecht; bestimmender Einfluss
JF - Entscheidungsanmerkungen zum Wirtschafts- und Bankrecht
Y1 - 2021
UR - https://www.wiso-net.de/document/WUB__0333106108e4bf7b2e7db8349f611358533ed772
SN - 2364-7310
VL - 37
IS - 4
SP - 185
EP - 189
PB - Otto Schmidt
CY - Köln
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lettl, Tobias
T1 - DSGVO; personenbezogene Daten; Verarbeitung und Rechtfertigung; Löschung
JF - Entscheidungsanmerkungen zum Wirtschafts- und Bankrecht
Y1 - 2022
UR - https://www.wiso-net.de/document/WUB__9fcc7a33fbd8ca330d7532880afc77fcd4fb091b
SN - 2364-7310
VL - 38
IS - 5
SP - 212
EP - 215
PB - Otto Schmidt
CY - Köln
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lettl, Tobias
T1 - Einstufung eines Privatkaufs als gewerblich
BT - BGB (F. bis 31.12.2017) §§ 13, 14 I, 437 Nr. 1, 439 II, 439 III; BGB § 474 I 1
JF - Neue juristische Wochenschrift
Y1 - 2021
UR - https://beck-online.beck.de/Bcid/Y-300-Z-NJW-B-2021-S-2277-N-1
SN - 0341-1915
VL - 74
IS - 31
SP - 2277
EP - 2280
PB - C.H. Beck
CY - München
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Schué, Emmanuelle
A1 - Kopyshev, Alexey
A1 - Lutz, Jean-François
A1 - Börner, Hans G.
T1 - Molecular bottle brushes with positioned selenols
BT - Extending the toolbox of oxidative single polymer chain folding with conformation analysis by atomic force microscopy
JF - Journal of Polymer Science
N2 - A synthesis route to controlled and dynamic single polymer chain folding is reported. Sequence-controlled macromolecules containing precisely located selenol moieties within a polymer chain are synthesized. Oxidation of selenol functionalities lead to diselenide bridges and induces controlled intramolecular crosslinking to generate single chain collapse. The cyclization process is successfully characterized by SEC as well as by H-1 NMR and 2D HSQC NMR spectroscopies. In order to gain insight on the molecular level to reveal the degree of structural control, the folded polymers are transformed into folded molecular brushes that are known to be visualizable as single molecule structures by AFM. The "grafting onto" approach is performed by using triazolinedione-diene reaction to graft the side chain polymers. A series of folded molecular brushes as well as the corresponding linear controls are synthesized. AFM visualization is proving the cyclization of the folded backbone by showing globular objects, where non-folded brushes show typical worm-like structures. (C) 2019 The Authors. Journal of Polymer Science published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
KW - atomic force microscopy (AFM)
KW - diselenide
KW - grafted polymers
KW - molecular bottle brushes
KW - sequence-controlled polymers
KW - single chain folding
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.29496
SN - 2642-4169
VL - 58
IS - 1
SP - 154
EP - 162
PB - Wiley
CY - Hoboken
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kuhlicke, Christian
A1 - Masson, Torsten
A1 - Kienzler, Sarah
A1 - Sieg, Tobias
A1 - Thieken, Annegret Henriette
A1 - Kreibich, Heidi
T1 - Multiple flood experiences and social resilience
BT - Findings from three surveys on households and companies exposed to the 2013 flood in Germany
JF - Weather, Climate, and Society
N2 - Previous studies have explored the consequences of flood events for exposed households and companies by focusing on single flood events. Less is known about the consequences of experiencing repeated flood events for the resilience of households and companies. In this paper, we therefore explore how multiple floods experience affects the resilience of exposed households and companies. Resilience was made operational through individual appraisals of households and companies' ability to withstand and recover from material as well as health and psychological impacts of the 2013 flood in Germany. The paper is based on three different datasets including more than 2000 households and 300 companies that were affected by the 2013 flood. The surveys revealed that the resilience of households seems to increase, but only with regard to their subjectively appraised ability to withstand impacts on mobile goods and equipment (e.g., cars, TV, and radios). In regard to the ability of households to withstand overall financial consequences of repetitive floods, evidence for nonlinear (quadratic) trends can be found. With regard to psychological and health-related consequences, the findings are mixed but provide tentative evidence for eroding resilience among households. Companies' resilience increased with respect to material assets but appears to decrease with respect to ability to recover. We conclude by arguing that clear and operational definitions of resilience are required so that evidence-based resilience baselines can be established to assess whether resilience is eroding or improving over time.
KW - social science
KW - Europe
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-18-0069.1
SN - 1948-8327
SN - 1948-8335
VL - 12
IS - 1
SP - 63
EP - 88
PB - American Meteorological Society
CY - Boston
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Dwi Putra, Sulistyo Emantoko
A1 - Reichetzeder, Christoph
A1 - Hasan, Ahmed Abdallah Abdalrahman Mohamed
A1 - Slowinski, Torsten
A1 - Chu, Chang
A1 - Krämer, Bernhard K.
A1 - Kleuser, Burkhard
A1 - Hocher, Berthold
T1 - Being born large for gestational age is associated with increased global placental DNA methylation
JF - Scientific Reports
N2 - Being born small (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA) is associated with adverse birth outcomes and metabolic diseases in later life of the offspring. It is known that aberrations in growth during gestation are related to altered placental function. Placental function is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation. Several studies in recent years have demonstrated associations between altered patterns of DNA methylation and adverse birth outcomes. However, larger studies that reliably investigated global DNA methylation are lacking. The aim of this study was to characterize global placental DNA methylation in relationship to size for gestational age. Global DNA methylation was assessed in 1023 placental samples by LC-MS/MS. LGA offspring displayed significantly higher global placental DNA methylation compared to appropriate for gestational age (AGA; p<0.001). ANCOVA analyses adjusted for known factors impacting on DNA methylation demonstrated an independent association between placental global DNA methylation and LGA births (p<0.001). Tertile stratification according to global placental DNA methylation levels revealed a significantly higher frequency of LGA births in the third tertile. Furthermore, a multiple logistic regression analysis corrected for known factors influencing birth weight highlighted an independent positive association between global placental DNA methylation and the frequency of LGA births (p=0.001).
KW - fetal origins hypothesis
KW - birth weight
KW - repetitive elements
KW - glucocorticoid receptor
KW - nutrient transport
KW - growth restriction
KW - later health
KW - pregnancy
KW - genes
KW - patterns
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-57725-0
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 10
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 10
PB - Springer Nature
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Foster, William J.
A1 - Garvie, Christopher L.
A1 - Weiss, Anna M.
A1 - Muscente, A. Drew
A1 - Aberhan, Martin
A1 - Counts, John W.
A1 - Martindale, Rowan C.
T1 - Resilience of marine invertebrate communities during the early Cenozoic hyperthermals
JF - Scientific Reports
N2 - The hyperthermal events of the Cenozoic, including the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, provide an opportunity to investigate the potential effects of climate warming on marine ecosystems. Here, we examine the shallow benthic marine communities preserved in the late Cretaceous to Eocene strata on the Gulf Coastal Plain (United States). In stark contrast to the ecological shifts following the end-Cretaceous mass extinction, our data show that the early Cenozoic hyperthermals did not have a long-term impact on the generic diversity nor composition of the Gulf Coastal Plain molluscan communities. We propose that these communities were resilient to climate change because molluscs are better adapted to high temperatures than other taxa, as demonstrated by their physiology and evolutionary history. In terms of resilience, these communities differ from other shallow-water carbonate ecosystems, such as reef communities, which record significant changes during the early Cenozoic hyperthermals. These data highlight the strikingly different responses of community types, i.e., the almost imperceptible response of molluscs versus the marked turnover of foraminifera and reef faunas. The impact on molluscan communities may have been low because detrimental conditions did not devastate the entire Gulf Coastal Plain, allowing molluscs to rapidly recolonise vacated areas once harsh environmental conditions ameliorated.
KW - eocene thermal maximum
KW - gulf coastal plain
KW - climate-change
KW - ocean acidification
KW - extinction event
KW - carbon-cycle
KW - heat-stress
KW - origination
KW - ecosystems
KW - diversity
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58986-5
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 10
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 11
PB - Springer Nature
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Lang, Judith
A1 - Bohn, Patrick
A1 - Bhat, Hilal
A1 - Jastrow, Holger
A1 - Walkenfort, Bernd
A1 - Cansiz, Feyza
A1 - Fink, Julian
A1 - Bauer, Michael
A1 - Schumacher, Fabian
A1 - Kleuser, Burkhard
A1 - Lang, Karl S.
T1 - Acid ceramidase of macrophages traps herpes simplex virus in multivesicular bodies and protects from severe disease
JF - Nature Communications
N2 - Macrophages have important protective functions during infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). However, molecular mechanisms that restrict viral propagation and protect from severe disease are unclear. Here we show that macrophages take up HSV-1 via endocytosis and transport the virions into multivesicular bodies (MVBs). In MVBs, acid ceramidase (aCDase) converts ceramide into sphingosine and increases the formation of sphingosine-rich intraluminal vesicles (ILVs). Once HSV-1 particles reach MVBs, sphingosine-rich ILVs bind to HSV-1 particles, which restricts fusion with the limiting endosomal membrane and prevents cellular infection. Lack of aCDase in macrophage cultures or in Asah1(-/-) mice results in replication of HSV-1 and Asah1(-/-) mice die soon after systemic or intravaginal inoculation. The treatment of macrophages with sphingosine enhancing compounds blocks HSV-1 propagation, suggesting a therapeutic potential of this pathway. In conclusion, aCDase loads ILVs with sphingosine, which prevents HSV-1 capsids from penetrating into the cytosol.
KW - immunology
KW - infection
KW - membrane fusion
KW - phagocytosis
KW - sphingolipids
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15072-8
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 11
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 15
PB - Nature Publishing Group UK
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Jing, Miao
A1 - Kumar, Rohini
A1 - Heße, Falk
A1 - Thober, Stephan
A1 - Rakovec, Oldrich
A1 - Samaniego, Luis
A1 - Attinger, Sabine
T1 - Assessing the response of groundwater quantity and travel time distribution to 1.5, 2, and 3 °C global warming in a mesoscale central German basin
JF - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
N2 - Groundwater is the biggest single source of high-quality freshwater worldwide, which is also continuously threatened by the changing climate. In this paper, we investigate the response of the regional groundwater system to climate change under three global warming levels (1.5, 2, and 3 ∘C) in a central German basin (Nägelstedt). This investigation is conducted by deploying an integrated modeling workflow that consists of a mesoscale hydrologic model (mHM) and a fully distributed groundwater model, OpenGeoSys (OGS). mHM is forced with climate simulations of five general circulation models under three representative concentration pathways. The diffuse recharges estimated by mHM are used as boundary forcings to the OGS groundwater model to compute changes in groundwater levels and travel time distributions. Simulation results indicate that groundwater recharges and levels are expected to increase slightly under future climate scenarios. Meanwhile, the mean travel time is expected to decrease compared to the historical average. However, the ensemble simulations do not all agree on the sign of relative change. Changes in mean travel time exhibit a larger variability than those in groundwater levels. The ensemble simulations do not show a systematic relationship between the projected change (in both groundwater levels and travel times) and the warming level, but they indicate an increased variability in projected changes with adjusting the enhanced warming level from 1.5 to 3 ∘C. Correspondingly, it is highly recommended to restrain the trend of global warming.
KW - climate change impacts
KW - hydrological models
KW - coupled surface
KW - water fluxes
KW - catchment
KW - recharge
KW - dynamics
KW - aquifer
KW - flow
KW - parameterization
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1511-2020
SN - 1607-7938
SN - 1027-5606
VL - 24
IS - 3
SP - 1511
EP - 1526
PB - Copernicus Publ.
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Moradian, Hanieh
A1 - Roch, Toralf
A1 - Lendlein, Andreas
A1 - Gossen, Manfred
T1 - mRNA transfection-induced activation of primary human monocytes and macrophages
BT - Dependence on carrier system and nucleotide modifcation
JF - Scientific reports
N2 - Monocytes and macrophages are key players in maintaining immune homeostasis. Identifying strategies to manipulate their functions via gene delivery is thus of great interest for immunological research and biomedical applications. We set out to establish conditions for mRNA transfection in hard-to-transfect primary human monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages due to the great potential of gene expression from in vitro transcribed mRNA for modulating cell phenotypes. mRNA doses, nucleotide modifications, and different carriers were systematically explored in order to optimize high mRNA transfer rates while minimizing cell stress and immune activation. We selected three commercially available mRNA transfection reagents including liposome and polymer-based formulations, covering different application spectra. Our results demonstrate that liposomal reagents can particularly combine high gene transfer rates with only moderate immune cell activation. For the latter, use of specific nucleotide modifications proved essential. In addition to improving efficacy of gene transfer, our findings address discrete aspects of innate immune activation using cytokine and surface marker expression, as well as cell viability as key readouts to judge overall transfection efficiency. The impact of this study goes beyond optimizing transfection conditions for immune cells, by providing a framework for assessing new gene carrier systems for monocyte and macrophage, tailored to specific applications.
KW - sirna transfection
KW - mediated delivery
KW - gene delivery
KW - efficient
KW - immunogenicity
KW - lipoplexes
KW - cells
KW - therapeutics
KW - polarization
KW - pathways
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60506-4
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 10
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 15
PB - Springer Nature
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Harms, Laura M.
A1 - Scalbert, Augustin
A1 - Zamora-Ros, Raul
A1 - Rinaldi, Sabina
A1 - Jenab, Mazda
A1 - Murphy, Neil
A1 - Achaintre, David
A1 - Tjønneland, Anne
A1 - Olsen, Anja
A1 - Overvad, Kim
A1 - Aleksandrova, Krasimira
T1 - Plasma polyphenols associated with lower high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations
BT - a cross-sectional study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort
JF - British Journal of Nutrition
N2 - Experimental studies have reported on the anti-inflammatory properties of polyphenols. However, results from epidemiological investigations have been inconsistent and especially studies using biomarkers for assessment of polyphenol intake have been scant. We aimed to characterise the association between plasma concentrations of thirty-five polyphenol compounds and low-grade systemic inflammation state as measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). A cross-sectional data analysis was performed based on 315 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort with available measurements of plasma polyphenols and hsCRP. In logistic regression analysis, the OR and 95 % CI of elevated serum hsCRP (>3 mg/l) were calculated within quartiles and per standard deviation higher level of plasma polyphenol concentrations. In a multivariable-adjusted model, the sum of plasma concentrations of all polyphenols measured (per standard deviation) was associated with 29 (95 % CI 50, 1) % lower odds of elevated hsCRP. In the class of flavonoids, daidzein was inversely associated with elevated hsCRP (OR 0 center dot 66, 95 % CI 0 center dot 46, 0 center dot 96). Among phenolic acids, statistically significant associations were observed for 3,5-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid (OR 0 center dot 58, 95 % CI 0 center dot 39, 0 center dot 86), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid (OR 0 center dot 63, 95 % CI 0 center dot 46, 0 center dot 87), ferulic acid (OR 0 center dot 65, 95 % CI 0 center dot 44, 0 center dot 96) and caffeic acid (OR 0 center dot 69, 95 % CI 0 center dot 51, 0 center dot 93). The odds of elevated hsCRP were significantly reduced for hydroxytyrosol (OR 0 center dot 67, 95 % CI 0 center dot 48, 0 center dot 93). The present study showed that polyphenol biomarkers are associated with lower odds of elevated hsCRP. Whether diet rich in bioactive polyphenol compounds could be an effective strategy to prevent or modulate deleterious health effects of inflammation should be addressed by further well-powered longitudinal studies.
KW - polyphenols
KW - plasma measurements
KW - C-reactive protein
KW - inflammation
KW - chronic diseases
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114519002538
SN - 0007-1145
SN - 1475-2662
VL - 123
IS - 2
SP - 198
EP - 208
PB - Cambridge University Press
CY - Cambridge
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - McNulty, Margaret A.
A1 - Goupil, Brad A.
A1 - Albarado, Diana C.
A1 - Castaño-Martinez, Teresa
A1 - Ambrosi, Thomas H.
A1 - Puh, Spela
A1 - Schulz, Tim Julius
A1 - Schürmann, Annette
A1 - Morrison, Christopher D.
A1 - Laeger, Thomas
T1 - FGF21, not GCN2, influences bone morphology due to dietary protein restrictions
JF - Bone Reports
N2 - Background: Dietary protein restriction is emerging as an alternative approach to treat obesity and glucose intolerance because it markedly increases plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) concentrations. Similarly, dietary restriction of methionine is known to mimic metabolic effects of energy and protein restriction with FGF21 as a required mechanism. However, dietary protein has been shown to be required for normal bone growth, though there is conflicting evidence as to the influence of dietary protein restriction on bone remodeling. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of dietary protein and methionine restriction on bone in lean and obese mice, and clarify whether FGF21 and general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) kinase, that are part of a novel endocrine pathway implicated in the detection of protein restriction, influence the effect of dietary protein restriction on bone.
Methods: Adult wild-type (WT) or Fgf21 KO mice were fed a normal protein (18 kcal%; CON) or low protein (4 kcal%; LP) diet for 2 or 27 weeks. In addition, adult WT or Gcn2 KO mice were fed a CON or LP diet for 27 weeks. Young New Zealand obese (NZO) mice were placed on high-fat diets that provided protein at control (16 kcal%; CON), low levels (4 kcal%) in a high-carbohydrate (LP/HC) or high-fat (LP/HF) regimen, or on high-fat diets (protein, 16 kcal%) that provided methionine at control (0.86%; CON-MR) or low levels (0.17%; MR) for up to 9 weeks. Long bones from the hind limbs of these mice were collected and evaluated with micro-computed tomography (mu CT) for changes in trabecular and cortical architecture and mass.
Results: In WT mice the 27-week LP diet significantly reduced cortical bone, and this effect was enhanced by deletion of Fgf21 but not Gcn2. This decrease in bone did not appear after 2 weeks on the LP diet. In addition, Fgf21 KO mice had significantly less bone than their WT counterparts. In obese NZO mice dietary protein and methionine restriction altered bone architecture. The changes were mediated by FGF21 due to methionine restriction in the presence of cystine, which did not increase plasma FGF21 levels and did not affect bone architecture.
Conclusions: This study provides direct evidence of a reduction in bone following long-term dietary protein restriction in a mouse model, effects that appear to be mediated by FGF21.
KW - dietary restriction
KW - protein restriction
KW - FGF21
KW - GCN2
KW - microcomputed tomography
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2019.100241
SN - 2352-1872
VL - 12
SP - 1
EP - 10
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Naser, Eyad
A1 - Kadow, Stephanie
A1 - Schumacher, Fabian
A1 - Mohamed, Zainelabdeen H.
A1 - Kappe, Christian
A1 - Hessler, Gabriele
A1 - Pollmeier, Barbara
A1 - Kleuser, Burkhard
A1 - Arenz, Christoph
A1 - Becker, Katrin Anne
A1 - Gulbins, Erich
A1 - Carpinteiro, Alexander
T1 - Characterization of the small molecule ARC39
BT - a direct and specific inhibitor of acid sphingomyelinase in vitro[S]
JF - Journal of Lipid Research
N2 - Inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), a lysosomal enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin into ceramide and phosphorylcholine, may serve as an investigational tool or a therapeutic intervention to control many diseases. Specific ASM inhibitors are currently not sufficiently characterized. Here, we found that 1-aminodecylidene bis-phosphonic acid (ARC39) specifically and efficiently (>90%) inhibits both lysosomal and secretory ASM in vitro. Results from investigating sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1/Smpd1) mRNA and ASM protein levels suggested that ARC39 directly inhibits ASM's catalytic activity in cultured cells, a mechanism that differs from that of functional inhibitors of ASM. We further provide evidence that ARC39 dose- and time-dependently inhibits lysosomal ASM in intact cells, and we show that ARC39 also reduces platelet- and ASM-promoted adhesion of tumor cells. The observed toxicity of ARC39 is low at concentrations relevant for ASM inhibition in vitro, and it does not strongly alter the lysosomal compartment or induce phospholipidosis in vitro. When applied intraperitoneally in vivo, even subtoxic high doses administered short-term induced sphingomyelin accumulation only locally in the peritoneal lavage without significant accumulation in plasma, liver, spleen, or brain. These findings require further investigation with other possible chemical modifications. In conclusion, our results indicate that ARC39 potently and selectively inhibits ASM in vitro and highlight the need for developing compounds that can reach tissue concentrations sufficient for ASM inhibition in vivo.
KW - sphingolipids
KW - sphingomyelin
KW - cerami-des
KW - lipid metabolism
KW - enzymology
KW - lysosome
KW - lysosomal hydrolases
KW - acid ceramidase
KW - bisphosphonates
KW - functional inhibitors of acid sphin-gomyelinase
KW - 1-aminodecylidene bis-phosphonic acid
Y1 - 2021
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.RA120000682
SN - 1539-7262
SN - 0022-2275
VL - 61
IS - 6
SP - 896
EP - 910
PB - American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
CY - Bethesda
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Weber, Daniela
A1 - Kochlik, Bastian
A1 - Demuth, Ilja
A1 - Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth
A1 - Grune, Tilman
A1 - Norman, Kristina
T1 - Plasma carotenoids, tocopherols and retinol
BT - Association with age in the Berlin Aging Study II
JF - Redox Biology
N2 - Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables, which is related to high plasma levels of lipid-soluble micro-nutrients such as carotenoids and tocopherols, is linked to lower incidences of various age-related diseases. Differences in lipid-soluble micronutrient blood concentrations seem to be associated with age. Our retrospective analysis included men and women aged 22-37 and 60-85 years from the Berlin Aging Study II. Participants with simultaneously available plasma samples and dietary data were included (n = 1973). Differences between young and old groups were found for plasma lycopene, alpha-carotene, alpha-tocopherol, beta-cryptoxanthin (only in women), and gamma-tocopherol (only in men). beta-Carotene, retinol and lutein/zeaxanthin did not differ between young and old participants regardless of the sex. We found significant associations for lycopene, alpha-carotene (both inverse), alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, and beta-carotene (all positive) with age. Adjusting for BMI, smoking status, season, cholesterol and dietary intake confirmed these associations, except for beta-carotene. These micronutrients are important antioxidants and associated with lower incidence of age-related diseases, therefore it is important to understand the underlying mechanisms in order to implement dietary strategies for the prevention of age-related diseases. To explain the lower lycopene and alpha-carotene concentration in older subjects, bioavailability studies in older participants are necessary.
KW - carotenoids
KW - tocopherols
KW - micronutrients
KW - age
KW - plasma
KW - food frequency questionnaire
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2020.101461
SN - 2213-2317
VL - 32
SP - 1
EP - 8
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Obbard, Darren J.
A1 - Shi, Mang
A1 - Roberts, Katherine E.
A1 - Longdon, Ben
A1 - Dennis, Alice B.
T1 - A new lineage of segmented RNA viruses infecting animals
JF - Virus Evolution
N2 - Metagenomic sequencing has revolutionised our knowledge of virus diversity, with new virus sequences being reported faster than ever before. However, virus discovery from metagenomic sequencing usually depends on detectable homology: without a sufficiently close relative, so-called ‘dark’ virus sequences remain unrecognisable. An alternative approach is to use virus-identification methods that do not depend on detecting homology, such as virus recognition by host antiviral immunity. For example, virus-derived small RNAs have previously been used to propose ‘dark’ virus sequences associated with the Drosophilidae (Diptera). Here, we combine published Drosophila data with a comprehensive search of transcriptomic sequences and selected meta-transcriptomic datasets to identify a completely new lineage of segmented positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses that we provisionally refer to as the Quenyaviruses. Each of the five segments contains a single open reading frame, with most encoding proteins showing no detectable similarity to characterised viruses, and one sharing a small number of residues with the RNA-dependent RNA polymerases of single- and double-stranded RNA viruses. Using these sequences, we identify close relatives in approximately 20 arthropods, including insects, crustaceans, spiders, and a myriapod. Using a more conserved sequence from the putative polymerase, we further identify relatives in meta-transcriptomic datasets from gut, gill, and lung tissues of vertebrates, reflecting infections of vertebrates or of their associated parasites. Our data illustrate the utility of small RNAs to detect viruses with limited sequence conservation, and provide robust evidence for a new deeply divergent and phylogenetically distinct RNA virus lineage.
KW - metagenome
KW - RNA virus
KW - dark virus
KW - arthropod
KW - RNA interference
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/vez061
SN - 2057-1577
VL - 6
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 10
PB - Oxford Univ. Press
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Zwaag, Jelle
A1 - Horst, Rob ter
A1 - Blaženović, Ivana
A1 - Stößel, Daniel
A1 - Ratter, Jacqueline
A1 - Worseck, Josephine M.
A1 - Schauer, Nicolas
A1 - Stienstra, Rinke
A1 - Netea, Mihai G.
A1 - Jahn, Dieter
A1 - Pickkers, Peter
A1 - Kox, Matthijs
T1 - Involvement of lactate and pyruvate in the anti-inflammatory effects exerted by voluntary activation of the sympathetic nervous system
JF - Metabolites
N2 - We recently demonstrated that the sympathetic nervous system can be voluntarily activated following a training program consisting of cold exposure, breathing exercises, and meditation. This resulted in profound attenuation of the systemic inflammatory response elicited by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Herein, we assessed whether this training program affects the plasma metabolome and if these changes are linked to the immunomodulatory effects observed. A total of 224 metabolites were identified in plasma obtained from 24 healthy male volunteers at six timepoints, of which 98 were significantly altered following LPS administration. Effects of the training program were most prominent shortly after initiation of the acquired breathing exercises but prior to LPS administration, and point towards increased activation of the Cori cycle. Elevated concentrations of lactate and pyruvate in trained individuals correlated with enhanced levels of anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-10. In vitro validation experiments revealed that co-incubation with lactate and pyruvate enhances IL-10 production and attenuates the release of pro-inflammatory IL-1 beta and IL-6 by LPS-stimulated leukocytes. Our results demonstrate that practicing the breathing exercises acquired during the training program results in increased activity of the Cori cycle. Furthermore, this work uncovers an important role of lactate and pyruvate in the anti-inflammatory phenotype observed in trained subjects.
KW - metabolomics
KW - LPS
KW - endotoxin
KW - pyruvate
KW - lactate
KW - cytokines
KW - inflammation
KW - human endotoxemia
KW - cori cycle
KW - warburg effect
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo10040148
SN - 2218-1989
VL - 10
IS - 4
SP - 1
EP - 18
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bilbao-Lasa, Peru
A1 - Jara-Muñoz, Julius
A1 - Pedoja, Kevin
A1 - Álvarez, Irantzu
A1 - Aranburu, Arantza
A1 - Iriarte, Eneko
A1 - Galparsoro, Ibon
T1 - Submerged marine terraces identification and an approach for numerical modeling the sequence formation in the Bay of Biscay (Northeastern Iberian Peninsula)
JF - Frontiers in Earth Science
N2 - Submerged sequences of marine terraces potentially provide crucial information of past sea-level positions. However, the distribution and characteristics of drowned marine terrace sequences are poorly known at a global scale. Using bathymetric data and novel mapping and modeling techniques, we studied a submerged sequence of marine terraces in the Bay of Biscay with the objective to identify the distribution and morphologies of submerged marine terraces and the timing and conditions that allowed their formation and preservation. To accomplish the objectives a high-resolution bathymetry (5 m) was analyzed using Geographic Information Systems and TerraceM(R). The successive submerged terraces were identified using a Surface Classification Model, which linearly combines the slope and the roughness of the surface to extract fossil sea-cliffs and fossil rocky shore platforms. For that purpose, contour and hillshaded maps were also analyzed. Then, shoreline angles, a geomorphic marker located at the intersection between the fossil sea-cliff and platform, were mapped analyzing swath profiles perpendicular to the isobaths. Most of the submerged strandlines are irregularly preserved throughout the continental shelf. In summary, 12 submerged terraces with their shoreline angles between approximately: -13 m (T1), -30 and -32 m (T2), -34 and 41 m (T3), -44 and -47 m (T4), -49 and 53 m (T5), -55 and 58 m (T6), -59 and 62 m (T7), -65 and 67 m (T8), -68 and 70 m (T9), -74 and -77 m (T10), -83 and -86 m (T11) and -89 and 92 m (T12). Nevertheless, the ones showing the best lateral continuity and preservation in the central part of the shelf are T3, T4, T5, T7, T8, and T10. The age of the terraces has been estimated using a landscape evolution model. To simulate the formation and preservation of submerged terraces three different scenarios: (i) 20-0 ka; (ii) 128-0 ka; and (iii) 128-20 ka, were compared. The best scenario for terrace generation was between 128 and 20 Ka, where T3, T5, and T7 could have been formed.
KW - marine terrace
KW - submerged sequence
KW - digital bathymetric model
KW - TerraceM
KW - numerical modeling
KW - Bay of Biscay
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.00047
SN - 2296-6463
VL - 8
IS - 47
SP - 1
EP - 20
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Olayide, Priscilla
A1 - Large, Annabel
A1 - Stridh, Linnea
A1 - Rabbi, Ismail
A1 - Baldermann, Susanne
A1 - Stavolone, Livia
A1 - Alexandersson, Erik
T1 - Gene expression and metabolite profiling of thirteen Nigerian cassava landraces to elucidate starch and carotenoid composition
JF - Agronomy
N2 - The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in sub-Saharan Africa necessitates effective approaches to improve provitamin A content of major staple crops. Cassava holds much promise for food security in sub-Saharan Africa, but a negative correlation between beta-carotene, a provitamin A carotenoid, and dry matter content has been reported, which poses a challenge to cassava biofortification by conventional breeding. To identify suitable material for genetic transformation in tissue culture with the overall aim to increase beta-carotene and maintain starch content as well as better understand carotenoid composition, root and leaf tissues from thirteen field-grown cassava landraces were analyzed for agronomic traits, carotenoid, chlorophyll, and starch content. The expression of five genes related to carotenoid biosynthesis were determined in selected landraces. Analysis revealed a weak negative correlation between starch and beta-carotene content, whereas there was a strong positive correlation between root yield and many carotenoids including beta-carotene. Carotenoid synthesis genes were expressed in both white and yellow cassava roots, but phytoene synthase 2 (PSY2), lycopene-epsilon-cyclase (LCY epsilon), and beta-carotenoid hydroxylase (CHY beta) expression were generally higher in yellow roots. This study identified lines with reasonably high content of starch and beta-carotene that could be candidates for biofortification by further breeding or plant biotechnological means.
KW - carotenoid biosynthesis
KW - ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS)
KW - provitamin A
KW - biofortification
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10030424
SN - 2073-4395
VL - 10
IS - 3
SP - 1
EP - 16
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -