TY - JOUR A1 - Erbersdobler, Helmut F. A1 - Barth, Christian A. A1 - Jahreis, Gerhard T1 - Körnerleguminosen in der Humanernährung T1 - Grain Legumes in Human Nutrition Nutrient BT - Nährstoffgehalt und Proteinqualität von Hülsenfrüchten BT - Nutrient Content and Protein Quality of Pulses JF - Ernährungs-Umschau : Forschung & Praxis N2 - Fortsetzung aus Ernährungs Umschau Heft 9/2017 Fettsäurenverteilung Die Gehalte an den wichtigsten Fettsäuren (FS) sind in • Tabelle 4 und 5 aufgeführt, in g/100 g sowie in Prozent des Fettanteils (Etherextrakt bzw. g FS-Methylester pro 100 g der Summe der FS-Methylester). Erbsen und Ackerbohnen spielen als Fett- und FS-Quelle praktisch keine Rolle. Sojabohnen sind eine wesentliche Quelle für Linolsäure, die häufigste n-6-FS. An zweiter Stelle steht die Ölsäure. Aber auch der Gehalt an der n-3-FS α-Linolensäure (ALA) ist hoch, womit sich Sojaöl in die Reihe der Fette mit mittlerem ALA-Gehalt, wie Raps- und Walnussöl einreiht. Im Gegensatz zu Rapsöl entspricht jedoch das Linolsäure/α-Linolensäure- Verhältnis nicht dem empfohlenen Verhältnis von 5:1 in der Gesamt- Diät [13]. Zum Ausgleich für die Fette aus der übrigen Nahrung (Getreide, Lebensmittel tierischer Herkunft) sollten Pflanzenöle besser noch ein engeres Verhältnis als 5:1 aufweisen. Das trifft für Lupinen-Öl schon eher zu, wenngleich der absolute Beitrag an ALA hier eher gering ist. N2 - Continuation from Ernährungs Umschau issue 9/2017 Fatty acid distribution The levels of the most important fatty acids are listed in • Table 4 and 5 in g/100 g, and as a percentage of fat (ether extract or g of fatty acid methyl ester per 100 g of the sum of the fatty acid methylesters). Peas and faba beans provide almost no fats. Soybeans are a good source of linoleic acid, the most common n-6 fatty acid followed by oleic acid. However, the level of the n-3 fatty acid α-linolenic acid (ALA) is also high, which puts soybean oil in the category of fats with medium ALA content, along with oils such as rapeseed oil and walnut oil. However, unlike rapeseed oil, the ratio of linoleic acid to α-linolenic acid is not the recommended ratio for the overall diet of 5:1 [13]. In order to balance out the fats from the rest of the diet (cereals, foods of animal origin), vegetable oils should ideally have a ratio even better than 5:1. Lupine oil has such a ratio, although its absolute ALA content is rather low. Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.ernaehrungs-umschau.de/fileadmin/Ernaehrungs-Umschau/pdfs/pdf_2017/10_17/EU10_2017_WuF_Erbersdobler_englisch.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.4455.eu.2017.034 SN - 0174-0008 VL - 64 IS - 10 SP - 140 EP - 144 PB - Umschau-Zeitschriftenverl. CY - Frankfurt, Main ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sprenger, Heike A1 - Erban, Alexander A1 - Seddig, Sylvia A1 - Rudack, Katharina A1 - Thalhammer, Anja A1 - Le, Mai Q. A1 - Walther, Dirk A1 - Zuther, Ellen A1 - Koehl, Karin I. A1 - Kopka, Joachim A1 - Hincha, Dirk K. T1 - Metabolite and transcript markers for the prediction of potato drought tolerance JF - Plant Biotechnology Journal N2 - Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important food crops worldwide. Current potato varieties are highly susceptible to drought stress. In view of global climate change, selection of cultivars with improved drought tolerance and high yield potential is of paramount importance. Drought tolerance breeding of potato is currently based on direct selection according to yield and phenotypic traits and requires multiple trials under drought conditions. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is cheaper, faster and reduces classification errors caused by noncontrolled environmental effects. We analysed 31 potato cultivars grown under optimal and reduced water supply in six independent field trials. Drought tolerance was determined as tuber starch yield. Leaf samples from young plants were screened for preselected transcript and nontargeted metabolite abundance using qRT-PCR and GC-MS profiling, respectively. Transcript marker candidates were selected from a published RNA-Seq data set. A Random Forest machine learning approach extracted metabolite and transcript markers for drought tolerance prediction with low error rates of 6% and 9%, respectively. Moreover, by combining transcript and metabolite markers, the prediction error was reduced to 4.3%. Feature selection from Random Forest models allowed model minimization, yielding a minimal combination of only 20 metabolite and transcript markers that were successfully tested for their reproducibility in 16 independent agronomic field trials. We demonstrate that a minimum combination of transcript and metabolite markers sampled at early cultivation stages predicts potato yield stability under drought largely independent of seasonal and regional agronomic conditions. KW - drought tolerance KW - machine learning KW - metabolite markers KW - potato (Solanum tuberosum) KW - prediction models KW - transcript markers Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12840 SN - 1467-7644 SN - 1467-7652 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 939 EP - 950 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hohm, Erika A1 - Zohsel, Katrin A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Brandeis, Daniel A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - Beeinträchtigter Start ins Leben T1 - Impaired Start into Life BT - Langfristige Auswirkungen der postpartalen Depression und der Einfluss des mütterlichen Interaktionsverhaltens BT - Long-Term Effects of Postpartum Depression and the Role of Maternal Interactional Behavior JF - Kindheit und Entwicklung N2 - Postpartale Depressionen sind häufige und schwerwiegende psychische Erkrankungen mit ungünstigem Einfluss auf die kindliche Entwicklung. Als Haupttransmissionsweg gilt die frühe Mutter-Kind-Interaktion. Über die langfristigen Auswirkungen auf die Kinder im Erwachsenenalter und die Rolle der Interaktion liegen kaum Ergebnisse vor. Im Rahmen der Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie wurden postpartale Depressionen bis zwei Jahre nach der Geburt erfasst. Die kindliche Entwicklung wurde fortlaufend und die Mutter-Kind-Interaktion im Alter von 3 Monaten standardisiert erhoben. 28 Kinder postpartal depressiver und 107 Kinder gesunder Mütter konnten mit 25 Jahren untersucht werden. Beeinträchtigungen der kognitiven und psychischen Entwicklung bei Kindern postpartal depressiver Mütter waren bis ins Erwachsenenalter nachweisbar. Responsives bzw. sensitives mütterliches Verhalten wirkte der negativen Entwicklung entgegen. Dies betont die Bedeutung einer hohen Qualität der Mutter-Kind-Interaktion für die Entwicklung von Risikokindern. N2 - Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common and serious mental health problem with prevalence rates ranging from 13% to 19%, and is associated with an increased risk of adverse child development. PPD is characterized by symptoms common of depression, particularly by impairments of maternity, parenting, and mother-infant interactions. Several reviews suggest an impact on attachment, cognitive, behavioral, and health-related outcome in the offspring. However, the long-term effects of PPD regarding cognitive and mental development into adulthood and the underlying mechanisms, especially the role of maternal interactional behavior, are not yet well understood. In the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, maternal depression was assessed when the child was 3 months and 2 years old. Development from infancy to young adulthood (25 years) was assessed at regular intervals in 28 children of postnatally depressed mothers and 107 children born to mentally healthy mothers. Cognitive outcome up to age 11 was measured using standardized instruments; in adulthood, school outcome was used approximately. Psychiatric diagnosis as well as symptom scores served as psychological outcome. At age 3 months, mothers and infants were videotaped during a nursing and a playing situation. Videotapes of the 10-min session were recorded and evaluated by trained raters (kappa > .83) using the Category System for Microanalysis of Early Mother Child Interaction (Esser, Scheven, et al., 1989). The cognitive as well as social-emotional outcome of children of mothers suffering from PPD was significantly poorer than in the children of mentally healthy mothers. The adverse effects were more pronounced during childhood. The offspring of postnatally depressed mothers who interacted in a responsive manner with their infant exhibited a better prognosis in contrast to those with mothers interacting less sensitively. This effect was observed with regard to cognitive development and symptoms of externalizing behavior at age 19 years. Regarding internalizing behavior, no impact of maternal behavior was detected. These findings emphasize the importance of high-quality early mother-child interaction in the development of children at risk. Furthermore, convincing arguments are given for very early specialized treatment of impaired mother-child interactions in mothers suffering from PPD. The PPD treatment should always comprise treatment of depression as well as treatment of the disturbed mother-child interaction. KW - postpartum depression KW - development KW - longitudinal study KW - Mannheim Study of Children at Risk KW - mother-child interaction KW - Postpartale+Depression KW - Entwicklung KW - Längsschnittstudie KW - Mannheimer+Risikokinderstudie KW - Mutter-Kind-Interaktion Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000234 SN - 0942-5403 SN - 2190-6246 VL - 26 SP - 210 EP - 220 PB - Hogrefe CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zohsel, Katrin A1 - Hohm, Erika A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Brandeis, Daniel A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - Die langfristigen Auswirkungen von Frühgeburtlichkeit auf kognitive Entwicklung und Schulerfolg T1 - Long-term consequences of preterm birth on cognitive development and academic achievement BT - Gibt es einen protektiven Effekt mütterlicher Responsivität? BT - Is there a protective effect of maternal responsiveness? JF - Kindheit und Entwicklung N2 - In einer prospektiven Längsschnittstudie wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen früher Responsivität der Mutter und kognitiver Entwicklung ihrer früh- bzw. reifgeborenen Kinder untersucht. Im Alter von drei Monaten wurde dafür die Mutter-Kind-Interaktion mittels Verhaltensbeobachtung erfasst. Bei n=351 der teilnehmenden Kinder (101 frühgeboren) wurde die allgemeine Intelligenz (IQ) im Alter von 11 Jahren und bei n=313 (85 frühgeboren) zusätzlich der höchste erreichte Schulabschluss bis 25 Jahren erhoben. Frühgeborene wiesen mit 11 Jahren einen signifikant niedrigeren IQ als Reifgeborene auf, nachdem für mögliche konfundierende Faktoren kontrolliert worden war. Nur bei Früh-, nicht aber bei Reifgeborenen zeigte sich ein signifikanter positiver Zusammenhang zwischen mütterlicher Responsivität und IQ. Für die Wahrscheinlichkeit einen höheren Schulabschluss (mind. Fachabitur) zu erreichen, fand sich weder ein signifikanter Effekt von Frühgeburtlichkeit noch von mütterlicher Responsivität. N2 - Preterm birth is associated with adverse long-term consequences regarding cognitive development. Whereas children born very preterm represent a subgroup at special risk, so-called late preterms are also affected to a lesser degree. Effects of prematurity can be observed until adulthood. For example, decreased wealth was reported in adults born preterm, which was mediated by decreased intelligence during childhood and lower educational qualifications during young adulthood. Hence, it is highly relevant to examine whether certain factors can buffer against the adverse effects of preterm birth on cognitive development. Parenting might play an important role here. There is evidence suggesting a protective effect of sensitive parenting during childhood on later cognitive outcome in preterms. In the current study, we examined whether early responsive maternal care was associated with later intelligence and academic achievement in children born preterm versus full term. As part of an ongoing cohort study, early maternal responsiveness was assessed at the child’s age of 3 months (adjusted for gestational age) during a nursing and playing situation. At age 11 years, general intelligence (IQ) was determined in n = 351 children (101 born preterm; 168 male). Until age 25 years, educational qualification was assessed in n = 313 participants (85 born preterm; 145 male). IQ at age 11 was significantly lower in preterms compared with full-term subjects after adjusting for potential confounders like maternal educational background and early psychosocial risk. A significant interaction between preterm birth and early maternal responsiveness was detected. In preterms only, higher levels of early maternal responsiveness were significantly associated with higher child IQ. Lower IQs in children born preterm as compared with those born full term were observed in the subaverage-to-average range of maternal responsiveness. Interestingly, preterms exposed to very high levels of maternal responsiveness showed slightly higher IQs when compared with children born at term. With regard to academic achievement, neither a significant effect of preterm birth nor of early maternal responsiveness occurred after adjusting for potential confounders. The results of the current study replicate and extend earlier findings with regard to a protective effect of sensitive parenting on childhood cognitive outcome in preterms. The lacking impact of prematurity on academic achievement may be explained by the exclusion of participants with IQs outside the normal range in the current study. Interventions enhancing early responsive care in parents of preterms may be advisable. More studies on long-term outcomes of such interventions on cognitive development are encouraged. KW - preterm birth KW - parental quality KW - cognitive development KW - longitudinal study KW - Mannheim Study of Children at Risk KW - Frühgeburt KW - Elternverhalten KW - kognitive Entwicklung KW - Längsschnittstudie KW - Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000235 SN - 0942-5403 SN - 2190-6246 VL - 26 SP - 221 EP - 229 PB - Hogrefe CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Torrance, Mark A1 - Nottbusch, Guido A1 - Alves, Rui A. A1 - Arfe, Barbara A1 - Chanquoy, Lucile A1 - Chukharev-Hudilainen, Evgeny A1 - Dimakos, Ioannis A1 - Fidalgo, Raquel A1 - Hyona, Jukka A1 - Johannesson, Omar I. A1 - Madjarov, George A1 - Pauly, Dennis Nikolas A1 - Uppstad, Per Henning A1 - van Waes, Luuk A1 - Vernon, Michael A1 - Wengelin, Asa T1 - Timed written picture naming in 14 European languages JF - Behavior research methods : a journal of the Psychonomic Society N2 - We describe the Multilanguage Written Picture Naming Dataset. This gives trial-level data and time and agreement norms for written naming of the 260 pictures of everyday objects that compose the colorized Snodgrass and Vanderwart picture set (Rossion & Pourtois in Perception, 33, 217-236, 2004). Adult participants gave keyboarded responses in their first language under controlled experimental conditions (N = 1,274, with subsamples responding in Bulgarian, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Icelandic, Italian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, and Swedish). We measured the time to initiate a response (RT) and interkeypress intervals, and calculated measures of name and spelling agreement. There was a tendency across all languages for quicker RTs to pictures with higher familiarity, image agreement, and name frequency, and with higher name agreement. Effects of spelling agreement and effects on output rates after writing onset were present in some, but not all, languages. Written naming therefore shows name retrieval effects that are similar to those found in speech, but our findings suggest the need for cross-language comparisons as we seek to understand the orthographic retrieval and/or assembly processes that are specific to written output. KW - Written production KW - Response time KW - Interkey interval KW - Picture naming KW - Word production KW - Language production Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-017-0902-x SN - 1554-351X SN - 1554-3528 VL - 50 IS - 2 SP - 744 EP - 758 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bhat, Javaid Y. A1 - Milicic, Goran A1 - Thieulin-Pardo, Gabriel A1 - Bracher, Andreas A1 - Maxwell, Andrew A1 - Ciniawsky, Susanne A1 - Müller-Cajar, Oliver A1 - Engen, John R. A1 - Hartl, F. Ulrich A1 - Wendler, Petra A1 - Hayer-Hartl, Manajit T1 - Mechanism of Enzyme Repair by the AAA(+) Chaperone Rubisco Activase JF - Molecular cell N2 - How AAA(+) chaperones conformationally remodel specific target proteins in an ATP-dependent manner is not well understood. Here, we investigated the mechanism of the AAA(+) protein Rubisco activase (Rca) in metabolic repair of the photosynthetic enzyme Rubisco, a complex of eight large (RbcL) and eight small (RbcS) subunits containing eight catalytic sites. Rubisco is prone to inhibition by tight-binding sugar phosphates, whose removal is catalyzed by Rca. We engineered a stable Rca hexamer ring and analyzed its functional interaction with Rubisco. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange and chemical crosslinking showed that Rca structurally destabilizes elements of the Rubisco active site with remarkable selectivity. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed that Rca docks onto Rubisco over one active site at a time, positioning the C-terminal strand of RbcL, which stabilizes the catalytic center, for access to the Rca hexamer pore. The pulling force of Rca is fine-tuned to avoid global destabilization and allow for precise enzyme repair. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2017.07.004 SN - 1097-2765 SN - 1097-4164 VL - 67 SP - 744 EP - 756 PB - Cell Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brand, Ralf A1 - Ekkekakis, Panteleimon T1 - Affective-Reflective Theory of physical inactivity and exercise T1 - Die Affective-Reflective Theory zur Erklärung von körperlicher Inaktivität und Sporttreiben BT - Foundations and preliminary evidence BT - Grundlagen und erste Studienergebnisse JF - German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research N2 - This article introduces a new theory, the Affective-Reflective Theory (ART) of physical inactivity and exercise. ART aims to explain and predict behavior in situations in which people either remain in a state of physical inactivity or initiate action (exercise). It is a dual-process model and assumes that exercise-related stimuli trigger automatic associations and a resulting automatic affective valuation of exercise (type-1 process). The automatic affective valuation forms the basis for the reflective evaluation (type-2 process), which can follow if self-control resources are available. The automatic affective valuation is connected with an action impulse, whereas the reflective evaluation can result in action plans. The two processes, in constant interaction, direct the individual towards or away from changing behavior. The ART of physical inactivity and exercise predicts that, when there is an affective-reflective discrepancy and self-control resources are low, behavior is more likely to be governed by the affective type-1 process. This introductory article explains the underlying concepts and main theoretical roots from which the ART of physical inactivity and exercise was developed (field theory, affective responses to exercise, automatic evaluation, evaluation-behavior link, dual-process theorizing). We also summarize the empirical tests that have been conducted to refine the theory in its present form. KW - Motivation KW - Implicit KW - Explicit KW - Dual system KW - Self-control KW - Motivation KW - Implizit KW - Explizit KW - Zwei-System-Theorien KW - Selbstkontrolle Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-017-0477-9 SN - 2509-3142 SN - 2509-3150 VL - 48 IS - 1 SP - 48 EP - 58 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lachmuth, Susanne A1 - Henrichmann, Colette A1 - Horn, Juliane A1 - Pagel, Jörn A1 - Schurr, Frank M. T1 - Neighbourhood effects on plant reproduction BT - an experimental-analytical framework and its application to the invasive Senecio inaequidens JF - The journal of ecology N2 - Density dependence is of fundamental importance for population and range dynamics. Density-dependent reproduction of plants arises from competitive and facilitative plant-plant interactions that can be pollination independent or pollination mediated. In small and sparse populations, conspecific density dependence often turns from negative to positive and causes Allee effects. Reproduction may also increase with heterospecific density (community-level Allee effect), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood and the consequences for community dynamics can be complex. Allee effects have crucial consequences for the conservation of declining species, but also the dynamics of range edge populations. In invasive species, Allee effects may slow or stop range expansion. Observational studies in natural plant communities cannot distinguish whether reproduction is limited by pollination-mediated interactions among plants or by other neighbourhood effects (e.g. competition for abiotic resources). Even experimental pollen supply cannot distinguish whether variation in reproduction is caused by direct density effects or by plant traits correlated with density. Finally, it is unknown over which spatial scales pollination-mediated interactions occur. To circumvent these problems, we introduce a comprehensive experimental and analytical framework which simultaneously (1) manipulates pollen availability and quality by hand pollination and pollinator exclusion, (2) manipulates neighbourhoods by transplanting target plants, and (3) analyses the effects of con- and heterospecific neighbourhoods on reproduction with spatially explicit trait-based neighbourhood models. Synthesis. By manipulating both pollen availability and target plant locations within neighbourhoods, we can comprehensively analyse spatially explicit density dependence of plant reproduction. This experimental approach enhances our ability to understand the dynamics of sparse populations and of species geographical ranges. KW - Allee effect KW - biological invasion KW - competition KW - density dependence KW - facilitation KW - plant-plant interactions KW - pollination KW - reproductive success KW - spatially explicit model KW - trait-based neighbourhood model Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12816 SN - 0022-0477 SN - 1365-2745 VL - 106 IS - 2 SP - 761 EP - 773 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lesur, Vincent A1 - Wardinski, Ingo A1 - Bärenzung, Julien A1 - Holschneider, Matthias T1 - On the frequency spectra of the core magnetic field Gauss coefficients JF - Physics of the earth and planetary interiors N2 - From monthly mean observatory data spanning 1957-2014, geomagnetic field secular variation values were calculated by annual differences. Estimates of the spherical harmonic Gauss coefficients of the core field secular variation were then derived by applying a correlation based modelling. Finally, a Fourier transform was applied to the time series of the Gauss coefficients. This process led to reliable temporal spectra of the Gauss coefficients up to spherical harmonic degree 5 or 6, and down to periods as short as 1 or 2 years depending on the coefficient. We observed that a k(-2) slope, where k is the frequency, is an acceptable approximation for these spectra, with possibly an exception for the dipole field. The monthly estimates of the core field secular variation at the observatory sites also show that large and rapid variations of the latter happen. This is an indication that geomagnetic jerks are frequent phenomena and that significant secular variation signals at short time scales - i.e. less than 2 years, could still be extracted from data to reveal an unexplored part of the core dynamics. KW - Geomagnetism KW - Core field KW - Secular variation rate of change KW - Geomagnetic jerks KW - Correlation based modelling Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2017.05.017 SN - 0031-9201 SN - 1872-7395 VL - 276 SP - 145 EP - 158 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hustedt, Thurid A1 - Seyfried, Markus T1 - Inside the EU Commission BT - Evidence on the Perceived Relevance of the Secretariat General in Climate Policy-Making JF - JCMS - Journal of common market studies N2 - This article studies the perception of the EU Commission's Secretariat General in policy-making. Recently, research on EU institutions devotes increasing attention to analyzing structures and procedures of decision-making in EU institutions, most notably the EU Commission. Conventionally, the EU Commission is portrayed as a fragmented organization, divided along the lines of staff nationality, sectoral responsibilities and cabinets and General Directorates (DGs). The Secretariat General has long been viewed a weak actor that is hardly able or motivated to steer internal decision-making. However, recent research indicates a changing role of the Secretariat General as a pro-active broker and last arbiter. This article studies how the Secretariat General is perceived by the DGs in policy coordination and argues that this perception depends on the pattern of political authority, bureaucratic roles and the relevance and the alternatives prevailing in the policy field. The article is based on data from a survey among Commission officials. KW - EU Commission KW - Secretariat General KW - co-ordination KW - centralization KW - climate policies Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12605 SN - 0021-9886 SN - 1468-5965 VL - 56 IS - 2 SP - 368 EP - 384 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rheinberg, Falko T1 - Von Bochum über Heidelberg bis Potsdam T1 - From Bochum to Heidelberg till Potsdam BT - Ein Rückblick auf die Bochumer Schule der Motivationspsychologie und auf eigene Forschungsthemen JF - Zeitschrift für pädagogische Psychologie N2 - Dem Text liegt ein Vortrag zugrunde, der auf dem 31. Motivationspsychologischen Kolloquium (MPK) in Heidelberg 2015 gehalten wurde. Im ersten Teil bietet er einen Überblick über die Motivationsforschung am Bochumer Heckhausen-Lehrstuhl in den 70er-Jahren („Bochumer Schule“). Dabei werden neben Heinz Heckhausen einzelne Mitarbeiter und ihre Schwerpunkte vorgestellt sowie das stimulierende Arbeitsklima an diesem Lehrstuhl beschrieben. Entsprechend der Vortragseinladung wird im Anschluss die Entwicklung der eigenen Forschungsschwerpunkte skizziert. Noch unter Heckhausens Leitung waren dies zunächst die Forschung zur Bezugsnormorientierung und die Einzelfallanalysen zur Lernmotivation mit dem Erweiterten Kognitiven Motivationsmodell. Danach geht der Vortrag auf Forschungsthemen ein, die dann in Heidelberg und Potsdam dazukamen. Hier geht es um die Erforschung von Tätigkeitsanreizen und um das Flow-Erleben. Abschließend wird der Potsdamer Versuch skizziert, herauszufinden, auf welche Weise unterschiedliche Motivationsqualitäten den Lernprozess und seine Resultate beeinflussen. N2 - The talk contained in this contribution was held at the 31st MPK in Heidelberg in 2015. It deals with research on motivation done in the 1970s in Bochum by Heinz Heckhausen and his colleagues ("Bochum Research Group"). Heckhausen and each member of the group are shortly characterized through their individual work focus. The working atmosphere created in this group was highly cooperative and stimulating. In the second part, the speech deals with the topics the author worked on and how this research developed from the ideas of the Bochum group. These topics are reference norm orientation, single-case analysis of learning motivation, activity-related (vs. purpose-related) incentives, flow experience, and the investigation of the specific influences that different kinds of motivation have on self-regulated learning. KW - Activity-related incentives KW - flow experience KW - motivation to learn KW - reference norm orientation KW - Bezugsnormorientierung KW - Flow-erleben KW - Lernmotivation KW - Tätigkeitsanreize Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1024/1010-0652/a000206 SN - 1010-0652 SN - 1664-2910 VL - 31 IS - 3-4 SP - 175 EP - 189 PB - Hogrefe CY - Bern ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weithoff, Guntram A1 - Taube, Anne A1 - Bolius, Sarah T1 - The invasion success of the cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii in experimental mesocosms BT - genetic identity, grazing loss, competition and biotic resistance JF - Aquatic Invasions N2 - The potentially toxic, invasive cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, originating from sub-tropical regions, has spread into temperate climate zones in almost all continents. Potential factors in its success are temperature, light and nutrient levels. Grazing losses through zooplankton have been measured in the laboratory but are typically not regarded as a factor in (failed) invasion success. In some potentially suitable lakes, C. raciborskii has never been found, although it is present in water bodies close by. Therefore, we tested the invasive potential of three different isolates introduced into natural plankton communities using laboratory mesocosm experiments under three grazing levels: ambient zooplankton densities, removal of large species using 100 mu m mesh and a ca. doubling of large species. Three C. raciborskii isolates originating from the same geographic region (North-East Germany) were added separately to the four replicates of each treatment and kept in semi-continuous cultures for 21 days. Two isolates disappeared from the mesocosms and were also not viable in filtered lake water indicating that the lake water itself or the switch from culture medium to lake water led to the decay of the inoculated C. raciborskii. Only one out of the three isolates persisted in the plankton communities at a rather low level and only in the treatment without larger zooplankton. This result demonstrates that under potentially suitable environmental conditions, top-down control from zooplankton might hamper the establishment of C. raciborskii. Non-metric multidimensional scaling showed distinct variation in resident phytoplankton communities between the different grazing levels, thus differential grazing impact shaped the resident community in different ways allowing C. raciborskii only to invade under competitive (= low grazing pressure) conditions. Furthermore, even after invasion failure, the temporary presence of C. raciborskii influenced the phytoplankton community. KW - alien species KW - Cyanobacteria KW - competitive resistance KW - consumptive resistance KW - herbivory KW - harmful algae KW - microbial invasion Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2017.12.3.07 SN - 1798-6540 SN - 1818-5487 VL - 12 SP - 333 EP - 341 PB - Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions centre-reabic CY - Helsinki ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carus, Jana A1 - Heuner, Maike A1 - Paul, Maike A1 - Schröder, Boris T1 - Plant distribution and stand characteristics in brackish marshes BT - Unravelling the roles of abiotic factors and interspecific competition JF - Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science N2 - Due to increasing pressure on estuarine marshes from sea level rise and river training, there is a growing need to understand how species-environment relationships influence the zonation and growth of tidal marsh vegetation. In the present study, we investigated the distribution and stand characteristics of the two key brackish marsh species Bolboschoenus maritimus and Phragmites australis in the Elbe estuary together with several abiotic habitat factors. We then tested the effect of these habitat factors on plant growth and zonation with generalised linear models (GLMs). Our study provides detailed information on the importance of single habitat factors and their interactions for controlling the distribution patterns and stand characteristics of two key marsh species. Our results suggest that flow velocity is the main factor influencing species distribution and stand characteristics and together with soil-water salinity even affects the inundation tolerance of the two specie investigated here. Additionally, inundation height and duration as well as interspecific competition helped explain the distribution patterns and stand characteristics. By identifying the drivers of marsh zonation and stand characteristics and quantifying their effects, this study provides useful information for evaluating a future contribution of tidal marsh vegetation to ecosystem-based shore protection. KW - Bolboschoenus maritimus KW - Elbe estuary KW - Flow velocity KW - Inundation KW - Phragmites australis KW - Soil-water salinity Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2017.06.038 SN - 0272-7714 SN - 1096-0015 VL - 196 SP - 237 EP - 247 PB - Elsevier CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hickmann, Thomas T1 - The reconfiguration of authority in global climate governance JF - International Studies Review N2 - Much of the literature in the field of international relations is currently concerned with the changing patterns of authority in world politics. This is particularly evident in the policy domain of climate change, where a number of authors have observed a relocation of authority in global climate governance. These scholars claim that multilateral treaty making has lost much of its spark, and they emphasize the emergence of transnational governance arrangements, such as city networks, private certification schemes, and business self-regulation. However, the different types of interactions between the various transnational climate initiatives and the intergovernmental level have not been studied in much detail and only recently attracted growing scholarly interest. Therefore, the present article addresses this issue and focuses on the interplay between three different transnational climate governance arrangements and the international climate regime. The analysis in this article underscores that substate and nonstate actors have attained several authoritative functions in global climate policy making. Nevertheless, the three case studies also demonstrate that this development does not imply that we are witnessing a general shift of authority away from the intergovernmental level toward transnational actors. Instead, what can be observed in global climate governance is an ongoing reconfiguration of authority, which apparently reaffirms the centrality of the international climate regime. Thus, this article points to the need for a more nuanced perspective on the changing patterns of authority in global climate governance. In a nutshell, this study shows that the international climate regime is not the only location where the problem of climate change is addressed, while it highlights the persistent authority of state-based forms of regulation. KW - authority KW - global climate governance KW - transnational governance arrangements Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/isr/vix037 SN - 1521-9488 SN - 1468-2486 VL - 19 SP - 430 EP - 451 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ehrensperger, Kathy T1 - Narratives of Belonging BT - The Role of Paul's Genealogical Reasoning JF - Early Christianity N2 - Die Darstellungen genealogischer Netzwerke waren in der Antike Ausdruck der Weltsicht ihrer Erzähler, mit deren Hilfe Nähe und Distanz zwischen verschiedenen Gruppen und Völkern ausgedrückt und hergestellt werden konnte. Auch Paulus bedient sich genealogischer Argumente, um die Beziehung nicht-jüdischer Christus-Gläubiger zu Israel und ihrem Gott zu verdeutlichen. Es handelt sich um eine ethnozentrische Argumentation, deren Fokus aber gleichzeitig eindeutig theozentrisch ist. KW - genealogies KW - identity KW - Israel KW - seed of Abraham KW - promise Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1628/186870317X15017545210233 SN - 1868-7032 SN - 1868-8020 VL - 8 SP - 373 EP - 392 PB - Mohr Siebeck CY - Tübingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarz, Wolfgang A1 - Reike, Dennis T1 - Regression away from the mean BT - theory and examples JF - British journal of mathematical and statistical psychology / British Psychological Society N2 - Using a standard repeated measures model with arbitrary true score distribution and normal error variables, we present some fundamental closed-form results which explicitly indicate the conditions under which regression effects towards (RTM) and away from the mean are expected. Specifically, we show that for skewed and bimodal distributions many or even most cases will show a regression effect that is in expectation away from the mean, or that is not just towards but actually beyond the mean. We illustrate our results in quantitative detail with typical examples from experimental and biometric applications, which exhibit a clear regression away from the mean (‘egression from the mean’) signature. We aim not to repeal cautionary advice against potential RTM effects, but to present a balanced view of regression effects, based on a clear identification of the conditions governing the form that regression effects take in repeated measures designs. KW - bimodality KW - measurement error KW - non-normality KW - regression towards the mean KW - repeated measures KW - skewed distributions Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/bmsp.12106 SN - 0007-1102 SN - 2044-8317 VL - 71 IS - 1 SP - 186 EP - 203 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - GEN A1 - Javanainen, Matti A1 - Martinez-Seara, Hector A1 - Metzler, Ralf A1 - Vattulainen, Ilpo Tapio T1 - Diffusion of Proteins and Lipids in Protein-Rich Membranesa T2 - Biophysical journal Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2017.11.3009 SN - 0006-3495 SN - 1542-0086 VL - 114 IS - 3 SP - 551A EP - 551A PB - Cell Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fuhr, Harald A1 - Hickmann, Thomas A1 - Kern, Kristine T1 - The role of cities in multi-level climate governance BT - local climate policies and the 1.5 degrees C target JF - Current opinion in environmental sustainability N2 - The past two decades have witnessed widespread scholarly interest in the role of cities in climate policy-making. This research has considerably improved our understanding of the local level in the global response to climate change. The present article synthesizes the literature on local climate policies with respect to the 1.5 degrees C target. While most studies have focused on pioneering cities and networks, we contend that the broader impacts of local climate actions and their relationship to regional, national, and international policy frameworks have not been studied in enough detail. Against this backdrop, we introduce the concept of upscaling and contend that local climate initiatives must go hand in hand with higher-level policies and be better integrated into the multi-level governance system. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2017.10.006 SN - 1877-3435 SN - 1877-3443 VL - 30 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pillitteri, Ignazio A1 - Fossati, Luca A1 - Rodriguez, N. Castro A1 - Oskinova, Lida A1 - Wolk, Scott J. T1 - Detection of magnetic field in the B2 star rho Ophiuchi A with ESO FORS2 JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal N2 - Circumstantial evidence suggests that magnetism and enhanced X-ray emission are likely correlated in early B-type stars: similar fractions of them (similar to 10%) are strong and hard X-ray sources and possess strong magnetic fields. It is also known that some B-type stars have spots on their surface. Yet up to now no X-ray activity associated with spots on early-type stars was detected. In this Letter we report the detection of a magnetic field on the B2V star rho Oph A. Previously, we assessed that the X-ray activity of this star is associated with a surface spot, herewith we establish its magnetic origin. We analyze spectra of rho Oph A obtained with the FORS2 spectrograph at ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT) at two epochs, and detect a longitudinal component of the magnetic field of the order of similar to 500 G in one of the datasets. The detection of the magnetic field only at one epoch can be explained by stellar rotation which is also invoked to explain observed periodic X-ray activity. From archival HARPS ESO VLT high resolution spectra we derived the fundamental stellar parameters of rho Oph A and further constrained its age. We conclude that rho Oph A provides strong evidence for the presence of active X-ray emitting regions on young magnetized early type stars. KW - stars: activity KW - stars: early-type KW - stars: magnetic field KW - pulsars: individual: rho Ophiuchi A Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732078 SN - 1432-0746 VL - 610 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hüttel, Alexandra A1 - Ziesemer, Florence A1 - Peyer, Mathias A1 - Balderjahn, Ingo T1 - To purchase or not? BT - Why consumers make economically (non-)sustainable consumption choices JF - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - Although ecologically and socially responsible consumption helps to reduce the harmful effects of resource use for both nature and society, all types of consumption (whether green or fair) deplete valuable resources. At the same time, to maintain household financial sustainability, spending should not exceed a household's financial resources. Thus, economically sustainable consumption is related to the consumer's decision to not buy products and the disposition to forgo specific purchases. Based on a means-end chain approach, this study investigates consumer cognitive decision-making structures related to six distinct options for economically (non-)sustainable consumption. Whereas saving motives, waste concerns, and avoidance motivations support economically sustainable decisions, economically non-sustainable decision-making is directly linked to attaining overall life goals. By clustering respondents based on the elicited means-end chains, the study discloses four consumer groups with distinctive motivational structures. The study also reveals several obstacles to promoting economic sustainability, indicates methods to overcome such obstacles, and suggests avenues for future research. KW - Economically sustainable consumption KW - Consumer decision-making KW - Means-end chain theory KW - Collaborative consumption KW - Voluntary simplicity KW - Frugal consumption Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.11.019 SN - 0959-6526 SN - 1879-1786 VL - 174 SP - 827 EP - 836 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hohm, Erika A1 - Laucht, Manfred A1 - Zohsel, Katrin A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Brandeis, Daniel A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias T1 - Resilienz und Ressourcen im Verlauf der Entwicklung T1 - Resilience and Resources During Development BT - Von der frühen Kindheit bis zum Erwachsenenalter BT - From Early Childhood to Adulthood JF - Kindheit und Entwicklung N2 - Anhand von Daten der Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie, die sich mit der langfristigen Entwicklung von Kindern mit unterschiedlichen Risikobelastungen beschäftigt, wird gezeigt, wie Schutzfaktoren aufseiten des Kindes und seines familiären Umfelds im Verlauf der Entwicklung wirksam werden und zur Entstehung von Resilienz beitragen können. Eine besondere Rolle kommt dabei positiven frühen Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen zu (sowohl Mutter- als auch Vater-Kind-Interaktionen). Daneben spielen auch Interaktionserfahrungen im Alter von zwei Jahren des Kindes eine bedeutsame Rolle; diese schützen Risikokinder davor, eine ungünstige Entwicklung zu nehmen und tragen dazu bei, dass sich Kinder, die in psychosozialen Hochrisikofamilien aufwachsen, trotz ungünstiger „Startbedingungen“ positiv entwickeln. Neben Merkmalen der sozialen Umwelt nehmen auch sprachliche, sozial-emotionale und internale Kompetenzen des Kindes im Entwicklungsverlauf eine wichtige Rolle ein. Diese Kompetenzen ermöglichen es Risikokindern auch unter widrigen Lebensumständen (psychosoziale Hochrisikofamilien, Aufwachsen in Armutsverhältnissen) erfolgreich zu bestehen. Darüber hinaus zeigt die Arbeit, dass Resilienz ein Persönlichkeitsmerkmal ist, das ab dem frühen Erwachsenenalter eine hohe Stabilität besitzt. Mit diesen Befunden verweist die Arbeit auf die große Bedeutung der Resilienz bei der Vorhersage der langfristigen Entwicklung von Risikokindern. N2 - Resilience refers to the ability to successfully deal with stressful life circumstances and experiences and to cope with them. Based on data from the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, which follows a sample of children at risk from birth to adulthood, the present paper provides convincing evidence demonstrating how protective factors in the child and his/her family environment operate during the course of development to contribute to the development of resilience. As shown, a major role is assigned to positive early parent–child relationships (both mother– and father–child interactions). Moreover, positive interactive experiences at the child’s age of 2 years play a significant role. These experiences consistently contribute to a positive child development in the face of adversity. In addition to characteristics of the social environment of the child, cognitive, social–emotional, and internal competencies during childhood, youth, and young adulthood play a major role in the development of resilience. These competencies enable children at risk who are growing up in psychosocial high-risk families or in poverty to successfully cope with conditions of high adversity. Moreover, the findings presented here demonstrate that resilience may be conceived as a personal characteristic that exhibits high stability since young adulthood. With these findings, the present study points to the significance of resilience in predicting the long-term outcome of children at risk. KW - protective factors KW - risk factors KW - longitudinal study KW - Mannheim Study of Children at Risk KW - early parent-child relationship KW - Schutzfaktoren KW - Risikofaktoren KW - Längsschnittstudie KW - Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie KW - frühe Eltern-Kind-Beziehung Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000236 SN - 0942-5403 SN - 2190-6246 VL - 26 SP - 230 EP - 239 PB - Hogrefe CY - Göttingen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gudowska-Nowak, Ewa A1 - Lindenberg, Katja A1 - Metzler, Ralf T1 - Preface: Marian Smoluchowski’s 1916 paper—a century of inspiration T2 - Journal of physics : A, Mathematical and theoretical Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aa8529 SN - 1751-8113 SN - 1751-8121 VL - 50 IS - 38 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brungs, Hans H. A1 - Gräter, Joachim T1 - On central extensions of SL(2, F) admitting left-orderings JF - Journal of Algebra N2 - For an arbitrary euclidean field F we introduce a central extension (G(F), Phi) of SL(2, F) admitting a left-ordering and study its algebraic properties. The elements of G(F) are order preserving bijections of the convex hull of Q in F. If F = R then G(F) is isomorphic to the classical universal covering group of the Lie group SL(2, R). Among other results we show that G(F) is a perfect group which possesses a rank 1 cone of exceptional type. We also prove that its centre is an infinite cyclic group and investigate its normal subgroups. KW - Universal covering group KW - Central extensions of groups KW - Perfect groups KW - Ordered fields KW - Left-ordered groups KW - Order-preserving bijections KW - Euclidean fields Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2017.05.025 SN - 0021-8693 SN - 1090-266X VL - 486 SP - 288 EP - 327 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reichetzeder, Christoph A1 - Hocher, Berthold T1 - DPP4 inhibition prevents AKI T2 - Oncotarget KW - acute kidney injury KW - DPP-4 inhibitors KW - ischemia reperfusion injury KW - gliptins KW - Dipeptidyl peptidase IV Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.20212 SN - 1949-2553 VL - 8 SP - 64655 EP - 64656 PB - Impact Journals LLC CY - Orchard Park ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sadowska, Aleksandra A1 - Touli, Ermioni A1 - Hitzl, Wolfgang A1 - Greutert, Helen A1 - Ferguson, Stephen J. A1 - Würtz-Kozak, Karin A1 - Hausmann, Oliver N. T1 - Inflammaging in cervical and lumbar degenerated intervertebral discs BT - analysis of proinflammatory cytokine and TRP channel expression JF - European Spine Journal N2 - To investigate and compare the occurrence of inflammatory processes in the sites of disc degeneration in the lumbar and cervical spine by a gene array and subsequent qPCR and to investigate the mechanistic involvement of transient receptor potential channels TRPC6 and TRPV4. The gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and TRP channels was measured in human disc samples obtained from patients undergoing discectomy at the cervical (n = 24) or lumbar (n = 27) spine for degenerative disc disease (DDD) and disc herniation (DH) and analyzed for differences with regard to spinal level, IVD degeneration grade, Modic grade, age, sex, disc region and surgical extent. Aside from genes with known implication in DDD and DH, four previously unreported genes from the interferon and TRP families (IFNA1, IFNA8, IFNB1, TRPC6) could be detected. A correlation between gene expression and age (IL-15) and IVD degeneration grade (IFNA1, IL-6, IL-15, TRPC6), but not Modic grade, was identified. Significant differences were detected between cervical and lumbar discs (IL-15), nucleus and annulus (IL-6, TNF-alpha, TRPC6), single-level and multi-level surgery (IL-6, IL-8) as well as DDD and DH (IL-8), while sex had no effect. Multiple gene-gene pair correlations, either between different cytokines or between cytokines and TRP channels, exist in the disc. This study supports the relevance of IL-6 and IL-8 in disc diseases, but furthermore points toward a possible pathological role of IL-15 and type I interferons, as well as a mechanistic role of TRPC6. With limited differences in the inflammatory profile of cervical and lumbar discs, novel anti-inflammatory or TRP-modulatory strategies for the treatment of disc pathologies may be applicable independent of the spinal region. KW - Cervical and lumbar discs KW - Degenerative disc disease (DDD) and disc herniation (DH) KW - Inflammaging KW - Inflammation KW - Intervertebral disc KW - Transient receptor potential (TRP) channel Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-017-5360-8 SN - 0940-6719 SN - 1432-0932 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 564 EP - 577 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hani, Maan H. A1 - Sparre, Martin A1 - Ellison, Sara L. A1 - Torrey, Paul A1 - Vogelsberger, Mark T1 - Galaxy mergers moulding the circum-galactic medium BT - I. The impact of a major merger JF - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society N2 - Galaxies are surrounded by sizeable gas reservoirs which host a significant amount of metals: the circum-galactic medium (CGM). The CGM acts as a mediator between the galaxy and the extragalactic medium. However, our understanding of how galaxy mergers, a major evolutionary transformation, impact the CGM remains deficient. We present a theoretical study of the effect of galaxy mergers on the CGM. We use hydrodynamical cosmological zoom-in simulations of a major merger selected from the Illustris project such that the z = 0 descendant has a halo mass and stellar mass comparable to the Milky Way. To study the CGM we then re-simulated this system at a 40 times better mass resolution, and included detailed post-processing ionization modelling. Our work demonstrates the effect the merger has on the characteristic size of the CGM, its metallicity, and the predicted covering fraction of various commonly observed gas-phase species, such as H I, C IV, and O VI. We show that merger-induced outflows can increase the CGM metallicity by 0.2-0.3 dex within 0.5 Gyr post-merger. These effects last up to 6 Gyr post-merger. While the merger increases the total metal covering fractions by factors of 2-3, the covering fractions of commonly observed UV ions decrease due to the hard ionizing radiation from the active galactic nucleus, which we model explicitly. Our study of the single simulated major merger presented in this work demonstrates the significant impact that a galaxy interaction can have on the size, metallicity, and observed column densities of the CGM. KW - methods: numerical KW - galaxies: evolution KW - galaxies: haloes KW - galaxies: interactions Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx3252 SN - 0035-8711 SN - 1365-2966 VL - 475 IS - 1 SP - 1160 EP - 1176 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oguntunde, Philip G. A1 - Lischeid, Gunnar A1 - Dietrich, Ottfried T1 - Relationship between rice yield and climate variables in southwest Nigeria using multiple linear regression and support vector machine analysis JF - International Journal of Biometeorology N2 - This study examines the variations of climate variables and rice yield and quantifies the relationships among them using multiple linear regression, principal component analysis, and support vector machine (SVM) analysis in southwest Nigeria. The climate and yield data used was for a period of 36 years between 1980 and 2015. Similar to the observed decrease (P < 0.001) in rice yield, pan evaporation, solar radiation, and wind speed declined significantly. Eight principal components exhibited an eigenvalue > 1 and explained 83.1% of the total variance of predictor variables. The SVM regression function using the scores of the first principal component explained about 75% of the variance in rice yield data and linear regression about 64%. SVM regression between annual solar radiation values and yield explained 67% of the variance. Only the first component of the principal component analysis (PCA) exhibited a clear long-term trend and sometimes short-term variance similar to that of rice yield. Short-term fluctuations of the scores of the PC1 are closely coupled to those of rice yield during the 1986-1993 and the 2006-2013 periods thereby revealing the inter-annual sensitivity of rice production to climate variability. Solar radiation stands out as the climate variable of highest influence on rice yield, and the influence was especially strong during monsoon and post-monsoon periods, which correspond to the vegetative, booting, flowering, and grain filling stages in the study area. The outcome is expected to provide more in-depth regional-specific climate-rice linkage for screening of better cultivars that can positively respond to future climate fluctuations as well as providing information that may help optimized planting dates for improved radiation use efficiency in the study area. KW - Rice yield KW - Climate variables KW - Linear regression KW - Support vector machine KW - NERICA Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-017-1454-6 SN - 0020-7128 SN - 1432-1254 VL - 62 IS - 3 SP - 459 EP - 469 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hennig, Timo A1 - Schramm, Satyam Antonio A1 - Linderkamp, Friedrich T1 - Cross-informant disagreement on behavioral symptoms in adolescent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and its impact on treatment effects JF - European Journal of Psychological Assessment N2 - In assessing adolescent behavior difficulties, parents, teachers, and the adolescents themselves are key informants. However, substantial disagreement has been found between informants. Specifically, children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) tend to overestimate their competencies, also known as "positive (illusionary) bias." This study compared parent, teacher, and adolescent ratings of ADHD and other behavioral symptoms in a sample of 114 adolescents with ADHD. Further, the effect of cross-informant disagreement (CID) on treatment outcomes was investigated in a subsample of 54 adolescents who had undergone a training and coaching intervention. Overall, there was moderate agreement among informants. Parent and adolescent ratings were more strongly correlated with each other than with teacher ratings. The strongest discrepancy was found between teacher and adolescent ratings on prosocial behavior. This discrepancy explained 12% of the variance in parent-rated ADHD symptom severity after the intervention. The treatment was less effective in participants with high teacher-adolescent disagreement on prosocial behavior (d = 0.41) than with low disagreement (d = 0.98). These findings suggest that professionals working with adolescents with ADHD should consider multiple sources of information before initiating treatment and pay attention to cross-informant disagreements because these may indicate a risk of diminished treatment effects. KW - informant discrepancies KW - inter-rater reliability KW - positive illusionary bias KW - response to treatment KW - ADHD Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000446 SN - 1015-5759 SN - 2151-2426 VL - 34 IS - 2 SP - 79 EP - 86 PB - Hogrefe CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Davydchyk, Maria A1 - Mehlhausen, Thomas A1 - Priesmeyer-Tkocz, Weronika T1 - The price of success, the benefit of setbacks BT - alternative futures of EU-Ukraine relations JF - Futures : the journal of policy, planning and futures studies N2 - This article explores the various futures of relations between the European Union (EU) and Ukraine. After distilling two major drivers we construct a future compass in order to conceive of four futures of relations between the EU and Ukraine. Our scenarios aim to challenge deep-rooted assumptions on the EU’s neighbourhood with Ukraine: How will the politico-economic challenges in the European countries influence the EU’s approach towards the East? Will more EU engagement in Ukraine contribute to enduring peace? Does peace always come with stability? Which prospects does the idea of Intermarium have? Are the pivotal transformation players in Ukraine indeed oligarchs or rather small- and medium-sized entrepreneurs? After presenting our scenarios, we propose indicators to know in the years to come, along which path future relations do develop. By unearthing surprising developments we hope to provoke innovative thoughts on Eastern Europe in times of post truth societies, confrontation between states and hybrid warfare. KW - European Union KW - Ukraine KW - Russia KW - European Neighbourhood Policy KW - Eastern Europe KW - Eurasian Economic Union Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2017.06.004 SN - 0016-3287 SN - 1873-6378 VL - 97 SP - 35 EP - 46 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt, Marco F. A1 - Korb, Oliver A1 - Abell, Chris T1 - Antagonists of the miRNA-Argonaute 2 Protein Complex BT - Anti-miR-AGOs JF - Drug Target miRNA: Methods and Protocols N2 - microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as high-value drug targets. A widely applied strategy in miRNA inhibition is the use of antisense agents. However, it has been shown that oligonucleotides are poorly cell permeable because of their complex chemical structure and due to their negatively charged backbone. Consequently, the general application of oligonucleotides in therapy is limited. Since miRNAs’ functions are executed exclusively by the Argonaute 2 protein, we therefore describe a protocol for the design of a novel miRNA inhibitor class: antagonists of the miRNA-Argonaute 2 protein complex, so-called anti-miR-AGOs, that not only block the crucial binding site of the target miRNA but also bind to the protein’s active site. Due to their lower molecular weight and, thus, more drug-like chemical structure, the novel inhibitor class may show better pharmacokinetic properties than reported oligonucleotide inhibitors, enabling them for potential therapeutic use. KW - Drug design KW - microRNA KW - miRNA-Argonaute 2 protein complex KW - miRNA inhibitors KW - miRNA seed region Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-4939-6563-2 SN - 978-1-4939-6561-8 SN - 978-1-4939-8236-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6563-2_17 SN - 1064-3745 SN - 1940-6029 VL - 1517 SP - 239 EP - 249 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt, Marco F. T1 - miRNA Targeting Drugs BT - the next blockbusters? JF - Drug Target miRNA: Methods and Protocols N2 - Only 20 years after the discovery of small non-coding, single-stranded ribonucleic acids, so-called microRNAs (miRNAs), as post-transcriptional gene regulators, the first miRNA-targeting drug Miravirsen for the treatment of hepatitis C has been successfully tested in clinical Phase II trials. Addressing miRNAs as drug targets may enable the cure, or at least the treatment of diseases, which presently seems impossible. However, due to miRNAs’ chemical structure, generation of potential drug molecules with necessary pharmacokinetic properties is still challenging and requires a re-thinking of the drug discovery process. Therefore, this chapter highlights the potential of miRNAs as drug targets, discusses the challenges, and tries to give a complete overview of recent strategies in miRNA drug discovery. KW - miRNA KW - Drug discovery KW - microRNA-induced silencing complex KW - Antisense agents KW - Small-molecule miRNA modulators KW - Argonaute 2 protein Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-4939-6563-2 SN - 978-1-4939-6561-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6563-2_1 SN - 1064-3745 SN - 1940-6029 VL - 1517 SP - 3 EP - 22 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - BOOK ED - Schmidt, Marco F. T1 - Drug target miRNA BT - methods and protocols T3 - Methods in Molecular Biology N2 - This volume provides a concise and technical discussion of recently developed approaches to overcome challenges in miRNA drug discovery. Drug Target miRNA: Methods and Protocols explores strategies to overcome pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics challenges. These strategies cover anti-sense agents targeting miRNA that are applied in advanced formulations or are chemically optimized to increase delivery; small molecule miRNA modulators to overcome anti-sense agents’ limitations; general enhancers of miRNA maturation; and Argonaute 2 protein and its pharmacokinetic parameters. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting-edge and thorough, Drug Target miRNA: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for anyone interested in the ever-evolving field of miRNA drug discovery. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-1-4939-6561-8 SN - 978-1-4939-6563-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6563-2 SN - 1064-3745 SN - 1940-6029 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmidt, Marco F. ED - Schmidt, Marco F. T1 - Preface T2 - Drug target miRNA Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-4939-6563-2 SN - 978-1-4939-6561-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6563-2 SN - 1064-3745 SN - 1940-6029 VL - 1517 SP - V EP - V PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haag, Johannes T1 - A kantian critique of sellars transcendental realism JF - Wilfrid Sellars, Idealism, and Realism: Understanding Psychological Nominalism Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-1-4742-3895-3 SN - 978-1-4742-3893-9 SN - 978-1-4742-3894-6 SP - 149 EP - 171 PB - Bloomsbury CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neubauer, Kai A1 - Wanko, Philipp A1 - Schaub, Torsten H. A1 - Haubelt, Christian T1 - Enhancing symbolic system synthesis through ASPmT with partial assignment evaluation T2 - Proceedings of the Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE), 2017 N2 - The design of embedded systems is becoming continuously more complex such that efficient system-level design methods are becoming crucial. Recently, combined Answer Set Programming (ASP) and Quantifier Free Integer Difference Logic (QF-IDL) solving has been shown to be a promising approach in system synthesis. However, this approach still has several restrictions limiting its applicability. In the paper at hand, we propose a novel ASP modulo Theories (ASPmT) system synthesis approach, which (i) supports more sophisticated system models, (ii) tightly integrates the QF-IDL solving into the ASP solving, and (iii) makes use of partial assignment checking. As a result, more realistic systems are considered and an early exclusion of infeasible solutions improves the entire system synthesis. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-9815370-9-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/DATE.2017.7927005 SN - 1530-1591 SP - 306 EP - 309 PB - IEEE CY - New York ER - TY - BOOK ED - Kotowski, Elke-Vera T1 - Das Kulturerbe deutschsprachiger Juden BT - eine Spurensuche in den Ursprungs-, Transit- und Emigrationsländern T3 - Europäisch-jüdische Studien / Beiträge ; 9 Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-11-055395-6 PB - de Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Daviter, Falk T1 - Coping, taming or solving BT - alternative approaches to the governance of wicked problems JF - Policy studies N2 - One of the truisms of policy analysis is that policy problems are rarely solved. As an ever-increasing number of policy issues are identified as an inherently ill-structured and intractable type of wicked problem, the question of what policy analysis sets out to accomplish has emerged as more central than ever. If solving wicked problems is beyond reach, research on wicked problems needs to provide a clearer understanding of the alternatives. The article identifies and explicates three distinguishable strategies of problem governance: coping, taming and solving. It shows that their intellectual premises and practical implications clearly contrast in core respects. The article argues that none of the identified strategies of problem governance is invariably more suitable for dealing with wicked problems. Rather than advocate for some universally applicable approach to the governance of wicked problems, the article asks under what conditions different ways of governing wicked problems are analytically reasonable and normatively justified. It concludes that a more systematic assessment of alternative approaches of problem governance requires a reorientation of the debate away from the conception of wicked problems as a singular type toward the more focused analysis of different dimensions of problem wickedness. KW - Wicked problems KW - complex problems KW - governance KW - problem-solving KW - policy analysis Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01442872.2017.1384543 SN - 0144-2872 SN - 1470-1006 VL - 38 IS - 6 SP - 571 EP - 588 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arslan, Seçkin A1 - Gür, Eren A1 - Felser, Claudia T1 - Predicting the sources of impaired wh-question comprehension in non-fluent aphasia BT - a cross-linguistic machine learning study on Turkish and German JF - Cognitive neuropsychology N2 - This study investigates the comprehension of wh-questions in individuals with aphasia (IWA) speaking Turkish, a non-wh-movement language, and German, a wh-movement language. We examined six German-speaking and 11 Turkish-speaking IWA using picture-pointing tasks. Findings from our experiments show that the Turkish IWA responded more accurately to both object who and object which questions than to subject questions, while the German IWA performed better for subject which questions than in all other conditions. Using random forest models, a machine learning technique used in tree-structured classification, on the individual data revealed that both the Turkish and German IWA’s response accuracy is largely predicted by the presence of overt and unambiguous case marking. We discuss our results with regard to different theoretical approaches to the comprehension of wh-questions in aphasia. KW - Non-fluent aphasia KW - random forest algorithm KW - sentence comprehension KW - wh-in-situ KW - wh-questions KW - wh-movement Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02643294.2017.1394284 SN - 0264-3294 SN - 1464-0627 VL - 34 SP - 312 EP - 331 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Apelojg, Benjamin ED - Apelojg, Benjamin ED - Banse, Gerhard T1 - Innovationen als Element einer zukunftsweisenden ökonomischen und technischen Bildung JF - Technische Bildung und berufliche Orientierung im Wandel - Rückblicke, Einblicke, Ausblicke N2 - Innovationen sind wie ein Motor, der unser ökonomisches, soziales und ge-sellschaftliches Leben antreibt und laufend verändert. Ob in der Medizin-technik, Luft- und Raumfahrt, Energiegewinnung, im Netz oder in der Schule: In allen Bereichen sorgen Innovationen für die stetige Weiterent-wicklung unser Gesellschaft. Bernd Meier hat die Bedeutung von Innova-tionen und innovativem Denken für die technische Bildung und Schule früh erkannt. Mit einer kurzen Rückschau auf sein Wirken hinsichtlich der Be-deutung von Innovationen für die technische und ökonomische Bildung soll ein wichtiger Bereich seiner Arbeit gewürdigt werden. Zu Beginn wird der Innovationsbegriff allgemein umrissen und dann mit Blick auf Schule präzi-siert. Danach wird dargestellt, welchen Stellenwert die Thematik Innovation und Technologie nicht nur in den Publikationen von Bernd Meier, sondern auch in seinen Lehrkonzeptionen eingenommen hat. Im Anschluss daran wird diskutiert, warum es gerade im Bildungsbereich so schwer ist, innova-tiv zu sein oder dauerhaft Innovationen durchzusetzen.1 Der Beitrag endet mit einem Ausblick, inwiefern Innovationen auch in Zukunft für Schule und das Fach Wirtschaft-Arbeit-Technik (kurz: WAT) eine wichtige Thematik darstellen sollten. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-86464-156-5 VL - 133/134 SP - 95 EP - 107 PB - Trafo-Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Apelojg, Benjamin A1 - Bieniok, Majken ED - Fleischer, Lutz ED - Meier, Bernd T1 - Eine Kurzvorstellung der Felix-App und deren Einsatz im PSI-Projekt der Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung JF - Technik und Technologie : Techne cum episteme et commune bonum. Ehrenkolloquium anlässlich des 70. Geburtstages von Gerhard Banse KW - Felix-App KW - Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung KW - Evaluation von Unterricht Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-86464-154-1 VL - 131 SP - 223 EP - 234 PB - Trafo-Verlag CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dorani, Maryam A1 - Arvin, Mohsen A1 - Oberhänsli, Roland A1 - Dargahi, Sara T1 - P-T evolution of metapelites from the Bajgan complex in the Makran accretionary prism, south eastern Iran JF - Chemie der Erde : interdisciplinary journal for chemical problems of the geo-sciences and geo-ecology = Geochemistry N2 - The Bajgan Complex, one of the basement constituents of the arc massif in Iranian Makran forms a rugged, deeply incised terrain. The complex consists of pelitic schists with minor psammitic and basic schists, calc silicate rocks, amphibolites, marbles, metavolcanosediments, mafic and felsic intrusives as well as ultramafic rocks. Metapelitic rocks show an amphibolite facies regional metamorphism and contain garnet, biotite, white mica, quartz, albite ± rutile ± apatite. Thermobarometry of garnet schist yields pressure of more than 9 kbar and temperatures between 560 and 675 °C. The geothermal gradient obtained for the peak of regional metamorphism is 19 °C/km, corresponding to a depth of ca. 31 km. Replacement of garnet by chlorite and epidote suggest greenschist facies metamorphism due to a decrease in temperature and pressure through exhumation and retrograde metamorphism (370–450 °C and 3–6 kbar). The metapelitic rocks followed a ‘clockwise’ P–T path during metamorphism, consistent with thermal decline following tectonic thickening. The formation of medium-pressure metamorphic rocks is related to presence of active subduction of the Neotethys Oceanic lithosphere beneath Eurasia in the Makran. KW - Bajgan Complex KW - Makran KW - Metapelitic rock KW - Garnet schist KW - Thermobarometry KW - Clockwise P-T path Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemer.2017.07.004 SN - 0009-2819 SN - 1611-5864 VL - 77 IS - 3 SP - 459 EP - 475 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pospisil, Christina A1 - Czernitzki, Anna-Franziska A1 - Scheffler, Christiane T1 - No association between nutrition and body height in German kindergarten children BT - a pilot study JF - Journal of biological and clinical anthropology : Anthropologischer Anzeiger; Mitteilungsorgan der Gesellschaft für Anthropologie N2 - Anthropologists all over the world are discussing influences on individual height including quantity and quality of nutrition. To examine whether a relationship between nutritional components and height can be found this pilot study has been developed. The research samples consisted of 44 children (age 3–6 years) attending two different kindergartens in Germany. Height measurements were taken for each child. Furthermore the parents had to fill out a 24-hour questionnaire to document their children’s eating habits during the weekend. In order to standardize the measured height values z-scores were calculated with reference to the average height of the overall cohort. The results of correlation analysis indicate that height is not significantly related to any of the main nutritional components as protein (r = –0.148), carbohydrates (r = 0.126), fat (r = 0.107), fibre (r = –0.289), vitamin (r = 0.050), calcium (r = 0.110), potassium (r = 0.189) and overall calorie intake (r = 0.302). In conclusion, it can be stated that the quality of nutrition may not have a strong influence on individual height. However, due to the small sample size further research should be provided with a larger cohort of children to verify the present results. KW - nutritional components KW - individual body height KW - children KW - Germany Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2017/0704 SN - 0003-5548 SN - 2363-7099 VL - 74 IS - 3 SP - 199 EP - 202 PB - Schweizerbart CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martykanova, Darina T1 - A Gateway to the World BT - Jewish and Armenian Engineers of Ottoman Background at the Ecole centrale des arts et manufactures (1853-1923) JF - Diasporas : circulations, migrations, histoire N2 - In the second half of the 19th century, the French École centrale des arts et manufactures became one of the engineering schools that enjoyed a worldwide reputation. There were many foreigners among its students. This article focuses on the graduates born in the Ottoman Empire, particularly on Jews and Armenians. It analyses their backgrounds, their common features and their professional careers, tracing their links with other centraliens. The patterns in the Ottoman centraliens’ professional trajectories help us picture a world full of opportunities where highly qualified men could cross borders and build careers with ease, but where, at the same time, origins, allegiances, contacts and credentials mattered greatly. N2 - Dans la seconde moitié du xixe siècle, l’École centrale des arts et manufactures française devint une école d’ingénieurs jouissant d’une réputation internationale ; les étudiants étrangers y furent nombreux. Cet article porte sur les diplômés nés dans l’Empire ottoman, en particuliers les étudiants juifs et arméniens ; il s’attache à leur parcours, à leurs caractéristiques et à leurs carrières professionnelles et restitue leurs liens avec les autres centraliens. L’étude de leurs trajectoires professionnelles permet d’appréhender un monde riche en opportunités, où des hommes hautement qualifiés pouvaient aisément traverser les frontières et construire une carrière, mais où, dans le même temps, les origines, les réseaux d’allégeance, les relations et les diplômes jouent un rôle de premier plan. KW - Engineers KW - Jews KW - Armenians KW - Ottomans KW - Ecole centrale des arts et manufactures KW - networks KW - Ottoman Empire KW - France KW - transnational Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4000/diasporas.718 SN - 1637-5823 SN - 2431-1472 VL - 29 SP - 33 EP - 51 PB - Presses Universitaires du Midi CY - Toulouse ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herbst - Voeth, Uta A1 - Dotan, Hilla A1 - Stöhr, Sina T1 - Negotiating with work friends BT - examining gender differences in team negotiations JF - The journal of business & industrial marketing N2 - Purpose - This study aims to investigate whether a team of females negotiates differently than a team of males, and whether (workplace) friendship moderates the relationship between single-gender team composition and negotiation outcomes. Design/methodology/approach - The authors used two laboratory studies and paired 216 MBA students into single-gender teams of friends and non-friends, and then engaged them in several dyadic multi-issue negotiations. Findings - The results show that on average, male teams of non-friends reached significantly better outcomes than female teams of non-friends. However, and interestingly, female teams of friends perform equally to male teams of friends. Research limitations/implications - The authors contribute both to the negotiations and the workplace friendship literature because very little research has examined negotiation among friends at work and in particular team negotiations. In addition, the authors also contribute to the literature on gender differences in negotiations because existing research has rarely examined the differences between all-male and all-female teams and especially the relationship between same-sex teams and their effects on negotiation outcomes. Practical implications - This research has clear implications to managers with regard to team composition. Specifically, a winning all-female team should not be changed! Originality/value - This is the first study to examine the relationship between workplace friendship, gender and negotiation outcomes. KW - Multi-issue negotiation KW - Negotiation performance KW - Gender effects KW - Intra-team friendship KW - Team negotiations KW - Workplace friendships Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-12-2015-0250 SN - 0885-8624 SN - 2052-1189 VL - 32 SP - 558 EP - 566 PB - Emerald Group Publishing Limited CY - Bingley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reifegerste, Jana A1 - Hauer, Franziska A1 - Felser, Claudia T1 - Agreement processing and attraction errors in aging BT - evidence from subject-verb agreement in German JF - Aging, neuropsychology, and cognition : a journal on normal and dysfunctional development N2 - Effects of aging on lexical processing are well attested, but the picture is less clear for grammatical processing. Where age differences emerge, these are usually ascribed to working-memory (WM) decline. Previous studies on the influence of WM on agreement computation have yielded inconclusive results, and work on aging and subject-verb agreement processing is lacking. In two experiments (Experiment 1: timed grammaticality judgment, Experiment 2: self-paced reading + WM test), we investigated older (OA) and younger (YA) adults’ susceptibility to agreement attraction errors. We found longer reading latencies and judgment reaction times (RTs) for OAs. Further, OAs, particularly those with low WM scores, were more accepting of sentences with attraction errors than YAs. OAs showed longer reading latencies for ungrammatical sentences, again modulated by WM, than YAs. Our results indicate that OAs have greater difficulty blocking intervening nouns from interfering with the computation of agreement dependencies. WM can modulate this effect. KW - Subject-verb agreement KW - attraction errors KW - aging KW - grammaticality judgment KW - self-paced reading Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13825585.2016.1251550 SN - 1382-5585 SN - 1744-4128 VL - 24 IS - 6 SP - 672 EP - 702 PB - Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Czernitzki, Anna-Franziska A1 - Pospisil, Christina A1 - Musalek, Martin A1 - Mumm, Rebekka A1 - Scheffler, Christiane T1 - Analysis of longitudinal data of height z-scores in kindergarten children BT - a pilot study JF - Journal of biological and clinical anthropology : Anthropologischer Anzeiger ; Mitteilungsorgan der Gesellschaft für Anthropologie N2 - Changes in body height throughout extended historic periods are very complex and dynamic processes. Thispilot study aimed to investigate the pattern of longitudinal height z-scores changes in children before and after entering kindergarten. In summer 2016, we measured height and weight of 32 children from 4 groups of two kindergartens aged 3–6 years. All ages were centered according to the age of entry into the kindergarten. For each child we determined mean z-scores for height before and after entering the kindergarten, and assessed the variances for each kindergarten group. Twenty-two children targeted in height z-scores towards average height of their respective kindergarten group, 10 children did not. Due to the small numbers, the convergence in height variance however, remained insignificant (chi-squared independence test, p = 0.127). Additional studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm this pilot study. KW - Height z-score KW - kindergarten children KW - secular trend KW - strategic growth adjustment KW - social signal Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2017/0708 SN - 0003-5548 VL - 74 IS - 2 SP - 109 EP - 112 PB - Schweizerbart science publishers CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - GEN A1 - Parsons, R. D. A1 - Schüssler, F. A1 - Garrigoux, T. A1 - Balzer, A. A1 - Füssling, Matthias A1 - Hoischen, Clemens A1 - Holler, M. A1 - Mitchell, A. A1 - Pühlhofer, G. A1 - Rowell, G. A1 - Wagner, S. A1 - Bissaldi, E. A1 - Tam, P. H. T. T1 - The HESS II GRB Observation Scheme T2 - AIP conference proceedings / American Institute of Physics N2 - Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are some of the Universe’s most enigmatic and exotic events. However, at energies above 10 GeV their behaviour remains largely unknown. Although space based telescopes such as the Fermi-LAT have been able to detect GRBs in this energy range, their photon statistics are limited by the small detector size. Such limitations are not present in ground based gamma-ray telescopes such as the H.E.S.S. experiment, which has now entered its second phase with the addition of a large 600 m2 telescope to the centre of the array. Such a large telescope allows H.E.S.S. to access the sub 100-GeV energy range while still maintaining a large effective collection area, helping to potentially probe the short timescale emission of these events. We present a description of the H.E.S.S. GRB observation programme, summarising the performance of the rapid GRB repointing system and the conditions under which GRB observations are initiated. Additionally we will report on the GRB follow-ups made during the 2014-15 observation campaigns. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-0-7354-1456-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4968980 SN - 0094-243X SN - 1551-7616 VL - 1792 IS - 1 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - Melville ER - TY - GEN A1 - Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan A1 - Aharonian, Felix A. A1 - Bordas, Pol A1 - Casanova, Sabrina A1 - Hoischen, Clemens A1 - Oya, I. A1 - Ziegler, A. T1 - HESS J1826-130 BT - a very hard gamma-Ray spectrum source in the Galactic Plane T2 - AIP conference proceedings / American Institute of Physics N2 - HESS J1826-130 is an unidentified hard spectrum source discovered by H.E.S.S. along the Galactic plane, the spectral index being Gamma = 1.6 with an exponential cut-off at about 12 TeV. While the source does not have a clear counterpart at longer wavelengths, the very hard spectrum emission at TeV energies implies that electrons or protons accelerated up to several hundreds of TeV are responsible for the emission. In the hadronic case, the VHE emission can be produced by runaway cosmic-rays colliding with the dense molecular clouds spatially coincident with the H.E.S.S. source. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-0-7354-1456-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4968928 SN - 0094-243X SN - 1551-7616 VL - 1792 IS - 1 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - Melville ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bisi-Balogun, Adebisi A1 - Rector, Michael V. T1 - Clinical Utility of Ultrasound Measurements of Plantar Fascia Width and Cross-Sectional Area BT - a novel technique JF - Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association N2 - Background: We sought to develop a standardized protocol for ultrasound (US) measurements of plantar fascia (PF) width and cross-sectional area (CSA), which may serve as additional outcome variables during US examinations of both healthy asymptomatic PF and in plantar fasciopathy and determine its interrater and intrarater reliability. Methods: Ten healthy individuals (20 feet) were enrolled. Participants were assessed twice by two raters each to determine intrarater and interrater reliability. For each foot, three transverse scans of the central bundle of the PF were taken at its insertion at the medial calcaneal tubercle, identified in real time on the plantar surface of the foot, using a fine wire technique. Reliability was determined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), standard errors of measurement (SEM), and limits of agreement (LOA) expressed as percentages of the mean. Reliability of PF width and CSA measurements was determined using PF width and CSA measurements from one sonogram measured once and the mean of three measurements from three sonograms each measured once. Results: Ultrasound measurements of PF width and CSA showed a mean of 18.6 +/- 2.0 mm and 69.20 +/- 13.6 mm(2) respectively. Intra-reliability within both raters showed an ICC. 0.84 for width and ICC. 0.92 for CSA as well as a SEM% and LOA%, 10% for both width and CSA. Inter-rater reliability showed an ICC of 0.82 for width and 0.87 for CSA as well as a SEM% and LOA%, 10% for width and a SEM%, 10% and LOA%, 20% for CSA. Relative and absolute reliability within and between raters were higher when using the mean of three sonographs compared to one sonograph. Conclusions: Using this novel technique, PF CSA and width may be determined reliably using measurements from one sonogram or the mean of three sonograms. Measurement of PF CSA and width in addition to already established thickness and echogenicity measurements provides additional information on structural properties of the PF for clinicians and researchers in healthy and pathologic PF. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7547/16-042 SN - 8750-7315 SN - 1930-8264 VL - 107 IS - 5 SP - 375 EP - 381 PB - Amer podiatric med assoc CY - Bethesda ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pan, Jinger A1 - Yan, Ming A1 - Laubrock, Jochen T1 - Perceptual span in oral reading BT - the case of Chinese JF - Scientific Studies of Reading N2 - The present study explores the perceptual span, that is, the physical extent of the area from which useful visual information is obtained during a single fixation, during oral reading of Chinese sentences. Characters outside a window of legible text were replaced by visually similar characters. Results show that the influence of window size on the perceptual span was consistent across different fixation and oculomotor measures. To maintain normal reading behavior when reading aloud, it was necessary to have information provided from three characters to the right of the fixation. Together with findings from previous research, our findings suggest that the physical size of the perceptual span is smaller when reading aloud than in silent reading. This is in agreement with previous studies in English, suggesting that the mechanisms causing the reduced span in oral reading have a common base that generalizes across languages and writing systems. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2017.1283694 SN - 1088-8438 SN - 1532-799X VL - 21 SP - 254 EP - 263 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stein, Seth A1 - Liu, Mian A1 - Camelbeeck, Thierry A1 - Merino, Miguel A1 - Landgraf, Angela A1 - Hintersberger, Esther A1 - Kübler, Simon ED - Landgraf, Angelika ED - Kübler, Simon ED - Hintersberger, Esther ED - Stein, Seth T1 - Challenges in assessing seismic hazard in intraplate Europe JF - Seismicity, fault rupture and earthquake hazards in slowly deforming regions N2 - Intraplate seismicity is often characterized by episodic, clustered and migrating earthquakes and extended after-shock sequences. Can these observations - primarily from North America, China and Australia - usefully be applied to seismic hazard assessment for intraplate Europe? Existing assessments are based on instrumental and historical seismicity of the past c. 1000 years, as well as some data for active faults. This time span probably fails to capture typical large-event recurrence intervals of the order of tens of thousands of years. Palaeoseismology helps to lengthen the observation window, but preferentially produces data in regions suspected to be seismically active. Thus the expected maximum magnitudes of future earthquakes are fairly uncertain, possibly underestimated, and earthquakes are likely to occur in unexpected locations. These issues particularly arise in considering the hazards posed by low-probability events to both heavily populated areas and critical facilities. For example, are the variations in seismicity (and thus assumed seismic hazard) along the Rhine Graben a result of short sampling or are they real? In addition to a better assessment of hazards with new data and models, it is important to recognize and communicate uncertainties in hazard estimates. The more users know about how much confidence to place in hazard maps, the more effectively the maps can be used. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-1-86239-745-3 SN - 978-1-86239-964-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1144/SP432.7 SN - 0305-8719 VL - 432 SP - 13 EP - 28 PB - The Geological Society CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Groth, Detlef T1 - Modeling a secular trend by Monte Carlo simulation of height biased migration in a spatial network JF - Anthropologischer Anzeiger : journal of biological and clinical anthropology ; Mitteilungsorgan der Gesellschaft für Anthropologie N2 - Background: In a recent Monte Carlo simulation, the clustering of body height of Swiss military conscripts within a spatial network with characteristic features of the natural Swiss geography was investigated. In this study I examined the effect of migration of tall individuals into network hubs on the dynamics of body height within the whole spatial network. The aim of this study was to simulate height trends. Material and methods: Three networks were used for modeling, a regular rectangular fishing net like network, a real world example based on the geographic map of Switzerland, and a random network. All networks contained between 144 and 148 districts and between 265-307 road connections. Around 100,000 agents were initially released with average height of 170 cm, and height standard deviation of 6.5 cm. The simulation was started with the a priori assumption that height variation within a district is limited and also depends on height of neighboring districts (community effect on height). In addition to a neighborhood influence factor, which simulates a community effect, body height dependent migration of conscripts between adjacent districts in each Monte Carlo simulation was used to re-calculate next generation body heights. In order to determine the direction of migration for taller individuals, various centrality measures for the evaluation of district importance within the spatial network were applied. Taller individuals were favored to migrate more into network hubs, backward migration using the same number of individuals was random, not biased towards body height. Network hubs were defined by the importance of a district within the spatial network. The importance of a district was evaluated by various centrality measures. In the null model there were no road connections, height information could not be delivered between the districts. Results: Due to the favored migration of tall individuals into network hubs, average body height of the hubs, and later, of the whole network increased by up to 0.1 cm per iteration depending on the network model. The general increase in height within the network depended on connectedness and on the amount of height information that was exchanged between neighboring districts. If higher amounts of neighborhood height information were exchanged, the general increase in height within the network was large (strong secular trend). The trend in the homogeneous fishnet like network was lowest, the trend in the random network was highest. Yet, some network properties, such as the heteroscedasticity and autocorrelations of the migration simulation models differed greatly from the natural features observed in Swiss military conscript networks. Autocorrelations of district heights for instance, were much higher in the migration models. Conclusion: This study confirmed that secular height trends can be modeled by preferred migration of tall individuals into network hubs. However, basic network properties of the migration simulation models differed greatly from the natural features observed in Swiss military conscripts. Similar network-based data from other countries should be explored to better investigate height trends with Monte Carlo migration approach. KW - secular trend KW - body height KW - simulation KW - community effect KW - Monte Carlo method KW - network Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2017/0703 SN - 0003-5548 SN - 2363-7099 VL - 74 IS - 1 SP - 81 EP - 88 PB - Schweizerbart CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bents, Dominik A1 - Rybak, Alexander A1 - Groth, Detlef T1 - Spatial conscript body height correlation of Norwegian districts in the 19th century JF - Anthropologischer Anzeiger : journal of biological and clinical anthropology ; Mitteilungsorgan der Gesellschaft für Anthropologie N2 - Background: We investigated height of Norwegian conscripts in view of the hypothesis of a "community effect on height" using autocorrelation analysis of district heights within a time-span of 20 years at the end of the 19th century and correlations between neighboring districts at this time. Material and methods: After digitalizing available body height data of Norwegian draftees in 1877-1878, 1880 (averaged as 1878), and 1895-1897 (averaged as 1896) we calculated the magnitude of autocorrelation of body height within the same municipality at different time points. Furthermore, we generated three different neighborhood networks, (1) based on Euclidean distances, (2) a minimum spanning tree build on those distances, (3) a network founded on real world road connections. The networks were used to determine the correlation between body height of neighboring districts depending on the number of edges required to connect two municipalities. Results: The autocorrelation value for body heights was around r = 0.5 (for all p < 0.001) in the years 1878 and 1896. The correlation between neighboring districts varied in the Euclidean distance based network between 0.47 and 0.27 approximately for both years in a sorted order, descending from nearest (0-50 km) to farthest (150-200 km, for all p < 0.001). First order neighbors in the minimum spanning tree network correlation was 0.36 in 1878 and 0.42 in 1896 (for all p < 0.001). The values of neighbor correlation in the road connection based network ranged in 1878 from 0.42 (first order neighbors) to 0.17 (forth order neighbors, for all p < 0.01) and in 1896 from 0.46 (first order neighbors) to 0.12 (forth order neighbors, for all p < 0.05). Conclusion: This initial study of Norwegian conscript height data from the 19th century showed significant medium sized effects for the within district autocorrelation between 1878 and 1896 as well as medium neighborhood correlation, slightly lower in comparison to a recent study regarding Swiss conscripts. Digitalizing more data from other years in this and later time spans as well as using older road and ship connections instead of the actual road data might stabilize and improve those findings. KW - body height KW - correlation KW - Norway KW - conscripts KW - community effect on height Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2017/0700 SN - 0003-5548 SN - 2363-7099 VL - 74 IS - 1 SP - 65 EP - 69 PB - Schweizerbart CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arrowsmith, J. Ramon A1 - Crosby, Christopher J. A1 - Korzhenkov, Andrey M. A1 - Mamyrov, Ernest A1 - Povolotskaya, Irina A1 - Guralnik, Benny A1 - Landgraf, Angela T1 - Surface rupture of the 1911 Kebin (Chon-Kemin) earthquake, Northern Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan JF - Seismicity, fault rupture and earthquake hazards in slowly deforming regions N2 - The 1911 Chon-Kemin (Kebin) earthquake culminated c. 30 years of remarkable earthquakes in the northern Tien Shan (Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan). Building on prior mapping of the event, we traced its rupture in the field and measured more than 50 offset landforms. Cumulative fault rupture length is >155-195 km along 13 fault patches comprising six sections. The patches are separated by changes of dip magnitude or dip direction, or by 4-10 km-wide stepovers. One <40 km section overlaps and is parallel to the main north-dipping rupture but is 7 km north and dips opposite (south). Both ends of the rupture are along mountain front thrust faults demonstrating late Quaternary activity. We computed the moment from each fault patch using the surface fault traces, dip inferred from the traces, 20 km seismogenic thickness, rigidity of 3.3 x 10(10) N m(-2) and dip slip converted from our observations of the largely reverse sense of motion vertical offsets. The discontinuous patches with c. 3-4 m average slip and peak slip of <14 m yield a seismic moment of 4.6 x 10(20) Nm (M-w 7.78) to 7.4 x 10(20) Nm (M-w 7.91). The majority of moment was released along the inner eastern rupture segments. This geological moment is lower by a factor of 1.5 from that determined from teleseismic data. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-86239-745-3 SN - 978-1-86239-964-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1144/SP432.10 SN - 0305-8719 VL - 432 SP - 233 EP - 253 PB - The Geological Society CY - London ER - TY - BOOK ED - Landgraf, Angela ED - Kübler, Simon ED - Hintersberger, Esther ED - Stein, Seth T1 - Seismicity, fault rupture and earthquake hazards in slowly deforming regions T3 - Geological Society of London : Special publications N2 - Palaeoseismic records and seismological data from continental interiors increasingly show that these areas of slow strain accumulation are more subject to seismic and associated natural hazards than previously thought. Moreover, some of our instincts developed for assessing hazards at plate boundaries might not apply here. Hence assessing hazards and drawing implications for the future is challenging, and how well it can be done heavily depends on the ability to assess the spatiotemporal distribution of past large earthquakes. This book explores some key issues in understanding hazards in slowly deforming areas. Examples include classic intraplate regions, such as Central and Northern Europe, Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, Australia, and North and South America, and regions of widely distributed strain, such as the Tien Shan Mountains in Central Asia. The papers in this volume are grouped into two sections. The first section deals with instrumental and historical earthquake data and associated hazard assessments. The second section covers methods from structural geology, palaeoseismology and tectonic geomorphology, and incorporates field evidence Y1 - 2017 UR - http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/432/1 SN - 978-1-86239-745-3 SN - 978-1-86239-964-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1144/SP432 IS - 432 PB - The Geological Society CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiese, Heike A1 - Oncu, Mehmet Tahir A1 - Bracker, Philip T1 - Verb-third-position in Turkish-German Language Contact BT - Information-structured Linearization of singular and multilingual Speakers JF - Deutsche Sprache : ds ; Zeitschrift für Theorie, Praxis, Dokumentation N2 - In present-day German we find new word order options, particularly well-known from Turkish-German bilingual speakers in the contexts of new urban dialects, which allow violations of the canonical verb-second position in independent declarative clauses. In these cases, two positions are occupied in the forefield in front of the finite verb, usually by an adverbial and a subject, which identify, at the level of information structure, frame-setter and topic, respectively. Our study investigates the influence of verbal versus language -independent information-structural preferences for this linearisation, comparing Turkish-German multilingual speakers who have grown up in Germany with monolingual German and Turkish speakers. For tasks, in which grammatical restrictions were largely minimised, the results indicate a general tendency to place verbs in a position after the frame-setter and the topic; in addition, we found language-specific influences that distinguish Turkish-German and monolingual German speakers from monolingual Turkish ones. We interpret this as evidence for an information-structural motivation for verb-third, and for a clear dominance of German for Turkish-German speakers in Germany. Y1 - 2017 SN - 0340-9341 SN - 1866-5233 VL - 45 IS - 1 SP - 31 EP - 52 PB - Erich Schmidt CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Landgraf, Angela A1 - Kübler, Simon A1 - Hintersberger, Esther A1 - Stein, Seth T1 - Active tectonics, earthquakes and palaeoseismicity in slowly deforming continents JF - Seismicity, fault rupture and earthquake hazards in slowly deforming regions Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-86239-745-3 SN - 978-1-86239-964-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1144/SP432.13 SN - 0305-8719 VL - 432 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - The Geological Society CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oguntunde, Philip G. A1 - Abiodun, Babatunde Joseph A1 - Lischeid, Gunnar T1 - Impacts of climate change on hydro-meteorological drought over the Volta Basin, West Africa JF - Global and planetary change N2 - This study examines the characteristics of drought in the Volta River Basin (VRB), investigates the influence of drought on the streamflow, and projects the impacts of future climate change on the drought. A combination of observation data and regional climate simulations of past and future climates (1970-2013, 2046-2065, and 2081-2100) were analyzed for the study. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration (SPEI) were used to characterize drought while the Standardized Runoff Index (SRI) were used to quantify runoff. Results of the study show that the historical pattern of drought is generally consistent with previous studies over the Basin and most part of West Africa. RCA ensemble medians (RMED) give realistic simulations of drought characteristics and area extent over the Basin and the sub-catchments in the past climate. Generally, an increase in drought intensity and spatial extent are projected over VRB for SPEI and SPI, but the magnitude of increase is higher with SPEI than with SPI. Drought frequency (events per decade) may be magnified by a factor of 1.2, (2046-2065) to 1.6 (2081-2100) compared to the present day episodes in the basin. The coupling between streamflow and drought episodes was very strong (P < 0.05) for the 1-16-year band before the 1970 but showed strong correlation all through the time series period for the 4-8 -years band. Runoff was highly sensitive to precipitation in the VRB and a 2-3 month time lag was found between drought indices and streamflow in the Volta River Basin. Results of this study may guide policymakers in planning how to minimize the negative impacts of future climate change that could have consequences on agriculture, water resources and energy supply. KW - Drought indices KW - Water management KW - Climate change KW - Streamfiow KW - Volta Basin Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.07.003 SN - 0921-8181 SN - 1872-6364 VL - 155 SP - 121 EP - 132 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beta, Carsten A1 - Kruse, Karsten T1 - Intracellular oscillations and waves JF - Annual review of condensed matter physics N2 - Dynamic processes in living cells are highly organized in space and time. Unraveling the underlying molecular mechanisms of spatiotemporal pattern formation remains one of the outstanding challenges at the interface between physics and biology. A fundamental recurrent pattern found in many different cell types is that of self-sustained oscillations. They are involved in a wide range of cellular functions, including second messenger signaling, gene expression, and cytoskeletal dynamics. Here, we review recent developments in the field of cellular oscillations and focus on cases where concepts from physics have been instrumental for understanding the underlying mechanisms. We consider biochemical and genetic oscillators as well as oscillations that arise from chemo-mechanical coupling. Finally, we highlight recent studies of intracellular waves that have increasingly moved into the focus of this research field. KW - self-sustained oscillations KW - biochemical oscillators KW - genetic networks KW - chemomechanical coupling KW - actin waves Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-0-8243-5008-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031016-025210 SN - 1947-5454 VL - 8 SP - 239 EP - 264 PB - Annual Reviews CY - Palo Alto ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kolasinski, Slawomir A1 - Menne, Ulrich T1 - Decay rates for the quadratic and super-quadratic tilt-excess of integral varifolds JF - Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications NoDEA N2 - This paper concerns integral varifolds of arbitrary dimension in an open subset of Euclidean space satisfying integrability conditions on their first variation. Firstly, the study of pointwise power decay rates almost everywhere of the quadratic tilt-excess is completed by establishing the precise decay rate for two-dimensional integral varifolds of locally bounded first variation. In order to obtain the exact decay rate, a coercive estimate involving a height-excess quantity measured in Orlicz spaces is established. Moreover, counter-examples to pointwise power decay rates almost everywhere of the super-quadratic tilt-excess are obtained. These examples are optimal in terms of the dimension of the varifold and the exponent of the integrability condition in most cases, for example if the varifold is not two-dimensional. These examples also demonstrate that within the scale of Lebesgue spaces no local higher integrability of the second fundamental form, of an at least two-dimensional curvature varifold, may be deduced from boundedness of its generalised mean curvature vector. Amongst the tools are Cartesian products of curvature varifolds. KW - Integral varifold KW - First variation KW - Generalised mean curvature vector KW - Quadratic tilt-excess KW - Super-quadratic tilt-excess KW - Orlicz space height-excess KW - Curvature varifold KW - Second fundamental form KW - Cartesian product of varifolds Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00030-017-0436-z SN - 1021-9722 SN - 1420-9004 VL - 24 PB - Springer CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Caliendo, Marco A1 - Künn, Steffen A1 - Mahlstedt, Robert T1 - The return to labor market mobility BT - an evaluation of relocation assistance for the unemployed JF - Journal of Public Economics N2 - In many European countries, labor markets are characterized by high regional disparities in terms of unemployment rates on the one hand and low geographical mobility among the unemployed on the other hand. In order to counteract the geographical mismatch of workers, the German active labor market policy offers a subsidy covering moving costs to incentivize unemployed job seekers to search/accept jobs in distant regions. Based on administrative data, this study provides the first empirical evidence on the impact of this subsidy on participants' prospective labor market outcomes. We use an instrumental variable approach to take endogenous selection based on observed and unobserved characteristics into account when estimating causal treatment effects. We find that unemployed job seekers who participate in the subsidy program and move to a distant region receive higher wages and find more stable jobs compared to non-participants. We show that the positive effects are (to a large extent) the consequence of a better job match due to the increased search radius of participants. KW - Evaluation KW - Active labor market policy KW - Labor market mobility KW - Instrumental variable approach Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2017.02.008 SN - 0047-2727 VL - 148 SP - 136 EP - 151 PB - Elsevier CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baes, Marzieh A1 - Sobolev, Stephan Vladimir T1 - Mantle Flow as a Trigger for Subduction Initiation: A Missing Element of the Wilson Cycle Concept JF - Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems N2 - The classical Wilson Cycle concept, describing repeated opening and closing of ocean basins, hypothesizes spontaneous conversion of passive continental margins into subduction zones. This process, however, is impeded by the high strength of passive margins, and it has never occurred in Cenozoic times. Here using thermomechanical models, we show that additional forcing, provided by mantle flow, which is induced by neighboring subduction zones and midmantle slab remnants, can convert a passive margin into a subduction zone. Models suggest that this is a long-term process, thus explaining the lack of Cenozoic examples. We speculate that new subduction zones may form in the next few tens of millions of years along the Argentine passive margin and the U.S. East Coast. Mantle suction force can similarly trigger subduction initiation along large oceanic fracture zones. We propose that new subduction zones will preferentially originate where subduction zones were active in the past, thus explaining the remarkable colocation of subduction zones during at least the last 400 Myr. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GC006962 SN - 1525-2027 VL - 18 SP - 4469 EP - 4486 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hörmann, Simon A1 - dos Santos, Luara Ferreira A1 - Morkisch, Nadine A1 - Jettkowski, Katrin A1 - Sillis, Moran A1 - Devan, Hemakumar A1 - Kanagasabai, Parimala S. A1 - Schmidt, Henning A1 - Krüger, Jörg A1 - Dohle, Christian A1 - Regenbrecht, Holger A1 - Hale, Leigh A1 - Cutfield, Nicholas J. T1 - Computerised mirror therapy with Augmented Reflection Technology for early stroke rehabilitation BT - clinical feasibility and integration as an adjunct therapy JF - Disability and rehabilitation : an international, multidisciplinary journal N2 - Purpose: New rehabilitation strategies for post-stroke upper limb rehabilitation employing visual stimulation show promising results, however, cost-efficient and clinically feasible ways to provide these interventions are still lacking. An integral step is to translate recent technological advances, such as in virtual and augmented reality, into therapeutic practice to improve outcomes for patients. This requires research on the adaptation of the technology for clinical use as well as on the appropriate guidelines and protocols for sustainable integration into therapeutic routines. Here, we present and evaluate a novel and affordable augmented reality system (Augmented Reflection Technology, ART) in combination with a validated mirror therapy protocol for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke. Results: The results showed that the combination and application of the Berlin Protocol for Mirror Therapy together with ART was feasible for clinical use. This combination was integrated into the therapeutic plan of subacute stroke patients at the two clinical locations where the second part of this research was conducted. Conclusions: Our findings pave the way for using technology to provide mirror therapy in clinical settings and show potential for the more effective use of inpatient time and enhanced recoveries for patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Computerised Mirror Therapy is feasible for clinical use Augmented Reflection Technology can be integrated as an adjunctive therapeutic intervention for subacute stroke patients in an inpatient setting Virtual Rehabilitation devices such as Augmented Reflection Technology have considerable potential to enhance stroke rehabilitation KW - Augmented reality KW - virtual reality KW - usability KW - user experience KW - upper limb KW - visual illusion Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2017.1291765 SN - 0963-8288 SN - 1464-5165 VL - 39 SP - 1503 EP - 1514 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - McElvenny, James T1 - Grammar, typology and the Humboldtian tradition in the work of Georg von der Gabelentz JF - Language & history : journal of the Henry Sweet Society for the History of Linguistic Ideas N2 - A frequently mentioned if somewhat peripheral figure in the historiography of late nineteenth-century linguistics is the German sinologist and general linguist Georg von der Gabelentz (1840–1893). Today Gabelentz is chiefly remembered for several insights that proved to be productive in the development of subsequent schools and subdisciplines. In this paper, we examine two of these insights, his analytic and synthetic systems of grammar and his foundational work on typology. We show how they were intimately connected within his conception of linguistic research, and how this was in turn embedded in the tradition established by Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835), especially as it was further developed by H. Steinthal (1823–1899). This paper goes beyond several previous works with a similar focus by drawing on a wider range of Gabelentz’ writings, including manuscript sources that have only recently been published, and by examining specific textual connections between Gabelentz and his predecessors. KW - History of linguistics KW - typology KW - language description KW - grammar KW - Humboldtian linguistics KW - Georg von der Gabelentz KW - H . Steinthal KW - Wilhelm von Humboldt Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2016.1212580 SN - 1759-7536 SN - 1759-7544 VL - 60 SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiegmann, Alex A1 - Rutschmann, Ronja A1 - Willemsen, Pascale T1 - Empirically investigating the concept of lying JF - Journal of Indian Council of Philosophical Research N2 - Lying is an everyday moral phenomenon about which philosophers have written a lot. Not only the moral status of lying has been intensively discussed but also what it means to lie in the first place. Perhaps the most important criterion for an adequate definition of lying is that it fits with people’s understanding and use of this concept. In this light, it comes as a surprise that researchers only recently started to empirically investigate the folk concept of lying. In this paper, we describe three experimental studies which address the following questions: Does a statement need to be objectively false in order to constitute lying? Does lying necessarily include the intention to deceive? Can one lie by omitting relevant facts? KW - Concept of lying KW - Lying KW - Definition of lying KW - Experimental philosophy Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40961-017-0112-z SN - 0970-7794 SN - 2363-9962 VL - 34 SP - 591 EP - 609 PB - Springer CY - New Dehli ER - TY - GEN A1 - Serth, Sebastian A1 - Podlesny, Nikolai A1 - Bornstein, Marvin A1 - Lindemann, Jan A1 - Latt, Johanna A1 - Selke, Jan A1 - Schlosser, Rainer A1 - Boissier, Martin A1 - Uflacker, Matthias T1 - An interactive platform to simulate dynamic pricing competition on online marketplaces T2 - 2017 IEEE 21st International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (EDOC) N2 - E-commerce marketplaces are highly dynamic with constant competition. While this competition is challenging for many merchants, it also provides plenty of opportunities, e.g., by allowing them to automatically adjust prices in order to react to changing market situations. For practitioners however, testing automated pricing strategies is time-consuming and potentially hazardously when done in production. Researchers, on the other side, struggle to study how pricing strategies interact under heavy competition. As a consequence, we built an open continuous time framework to simulate dynamic pricing competition called Price Wars. The microservice-based architecture provides a scalable platform for large competitions with dozens of merchants and a large random stream of consumers. Our platform stores each event in a distributed log. This allows to provide different performance measures enabling users to compare profit and revenue of various repricing strategies in real-time. For researchers, price trajectories are shown which ease evaluating mutual price reactions of competing strategies. Furthermore, merchants can access historical marketplace data and apply machine learning. By providing a set of customizable, artificial merchants, users can easily simulate both simple rule-based strategies as well as sophisticated data-driven strategies using demand learning to optimize their pricing strategies. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-1-5090-3045-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EDOC.2017.17 SN - 2325-6354 SP - 61 EP - 66 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Seiffert, Martin A1 - Holstein, Flavio A1 - Schlosser, Rainer A1 - Schiller, Jochen T1 - Next generation cooperative wearables BT - generalized activity assessment computed fully distributed with in a wireless body area network JF - IEEE access : practical research, open solutions N2 - Currently available wearables are usually based on a single sensor node with integrated capabilities for classifying different activities. The next generation of cooperative wearables could be able to identify not only activities, but also to evaluate them qualitatively using the data of several sensor nodes attached to the body, to provide detailed feedback for the improvement of the execution. Especially within the application domains of sports and health-care, such immediate feedback to the execution of body movements is crucial for (re-) learning and improving motor skills. To enable such systems for a broad range of activities, generalized approaches for human motion assessment within sensor networks are required. In this paper, we present a generalized trainable activity assessment chain (AAC) for the online assessment of periodic human activity within a wireless body area network. AAC evaluates the execution of separate movements of a prior trained activity on a fine-grained quality scale. We connect qualitative assessment with human knowledge by projecting the AAC on the hierarchical decomposition of motion performed by the human body as well as establishing the assessment on a kinematic evaluation of biomechanically distinct motion fragments. We evaluate AAC in a real-world setting and show that AAC successfully delimits the movements of correctly performed activity from faulty executions and provides detailed reasons for the activity assessment. KW - Body sensor networks KW - distributed computing KW - motion analysis KW - physical activity assessment KW - biomechanics KW - multilevel systems Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2749005 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 5 SP - 16793 EP - 16807 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers CY - Piscataway ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Homolka, Walter T1 - Truthfulness and the permissibility of falsehood in the Jewish tradition JF - Journal of beliefs and values : studies in religion & education N2 - In this article, I deal with the concept of truth and lie in Jewish traditional literature, examining its development in the Hebrew Bible and rabbinic literature. An essential aspect in understanding this concept is the dualism of ‘good’ and ‘evil’ impulses and the free will of human beings, who were created in the image of God and have the choice to decide between right and wrong. KW - sin KW - Truthfulness KW - falsehood KW - Jewish tradition KW - lie KW - free will KW - God’s image Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13617672.2017.1291253 SN - 1361-7672 SN - 1469-9362 VL - 38 IS - 2 SP - 180 EP - 187 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ehrensperger, Kathy T1 - Trajectories and future avenues in Pauline Studies and Jewish–Christian relations BT - the relevance of William S. Campbell’s approach to Paul JF - Journal of beliefs and values : studies in religion & education N2 - William S. Campbell’s research on the apostle Paul has been at the forefront of overcoming anti-Jewish interpretations. His career has been characterised by academic rigour and social and interfaith engagement. His interpretive approach is committed to formulating Christian identity in positive relation to others and thus contributes to provide a vital basis for Jewish-Christian and Interfaith relations in general for the future. KW - Pauline studies KW - Christian identity KW - diversity KW - anti-judaism KW - Jewish-Christian relations KW - interfaith relations Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13617672.2017.1314988 SN - 1361-7672 SN - 1469-9362 VL - 38 IS - 2 SP - 153 EP - 158 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - García-Camacho, Raúl A1 - Metz, Johannes A1 - Bilton, Mark C. A1 - Tielboerger, Katja T1 - Phylogenetic structure of annual plant communities along an aridity gradient BT - Interacting effects of habitat filtering and shifting plant-plant interactions JF - Israel Journal of Plant Sciences N2 - The phylogenetic structure of communities (PSC) reveals how evolutionary history affects community assembly processes. However, there are important knowledge gaps on PSC patterns for annual communities and there is a need for studies along environmental gradients in dry ecosystems where several processes shape PSC. Here, we investigated the PSC of annual plants along an aridity gradient in Israel, including eight years, two spatial scales, the effects of shrubs on understory, and the phylogenetic signal of important traits. Increasing drought stress led to overdispersed PSC at the drier end of the gradient, indicating that species were less related than expected by chance. This was supported at a smaller spatial scale, where within the drier sites, communities in open- more arid- habitats were more overdispersed than those under nurse shrubs. Interestingly, some key traits related to drought resistance were not conserved in the phylogeny. Together, our findings suggested that while habitat filtering selected for drought resistance strategies, these strategies evolved independently along multiple contrasting evolutionary lineages. Our comprehensive PSC study provides strong evidence for the interacting effects of habitat filtering and plant- plant interactions, particularly highlighting that the conservative evolution of traits should not be assumed in future interpretations of PSC patterns. KW - Annuals KW - aridity gradient KW - community assembly rules KW - community phylogenetics KW - stress-gradient hypothesis KW - trait phylogenetic conservatism Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/07929978.2017.1288477 SN - 0792-9978 SN - 2223-8980 VL - 64 IS - 1-2 SP - 122 EP - 134 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kurze, Susanne A1 - Bareither, Nils A1 - Metz, Johannes T1 - Phenology, roots and reproductive allocation, but not the LHS scheme, shape ecotypes along an aridity gradient JF - Perspectives in plant ecology, evolution and systematics N2 - This study tested systematically at two spatial scales for key traits shaping within-species ecotypic differentiation under increasing aridity. It assessed different plant strategy theories and considered potential implications for climate change. We studied the widespread Mediterranean grass Brachypodium hybridum. At large scale, we tested 14 populations along a steep natural aridity gradient (114-954 mm annual rainfall). At small scale, we tested the microclimatic contrast between plants originating from corresponding north (more mesic) and south (more arid) exposed hillslopes. Fifteen traits were measured in the greenhouse, including the popular traits of the LeafHeight- Seed scheme (SLA, plant height, seed mass), several traits on phenology, architecture, growth, fitness, and rarely measured root traits. Clear trait shifts indicated ecotypic differentiation along the large-scale gradient. Earlier phenology, higher reproductive allocation and reduced root investment characterized arid ecotypes. Surprisingly, no trait of the Leaf-Height-Seed scheme shifted with aridity and root responses were opposite to the theory of optimal resource partitioning. Trait differences between north and south exposures were small, often inconsistent between sites, and poorly matched the trends across the large-scale gradient. South exposures thus appeared unlikely to harbour distinct ecotypes better adapted to aridity. Our findings highlight ecotypes as a crucial way how species span environmental gradients, yet underpinning their restriction at small spatial scales. In combination, this possibly renders populations more vulnerable to climate change. We draw attention to specific, partly unexpected traits and pose the question whether the LeafHeight- Seed scheme has limited applicability for intraspecific investigations in drylands. KW - Brachypodium hybridum KW - Local adaptation KW - Rainfall gradient KW - Seed mass KW - SLA KW - Slope exposure Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2017.09.004 SN - 1433-8319 VL - 29 SP - 20 EP - 29 PB - Elsevier CY - Jena ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lampei, Christian A1 - Metz, Johannes A1 - Tielboerger, Katja T1 - Clinal population divergence in an adaptive parental environmental effect that adjusts seed banking JF - New phytologist : international journal of plant science N2 - Bet-hedging via between-year seed dormancy is a costly strategy for plants in unpredictable environments. Theoretically, fitness costs can be reduced through a parental environmental effect when the environment is partly predictable. We tested whether populations from environments that differ in predictability diverged in parental effects on seed dormancy. Common garden-produced seeds of the two annual plant species Biscutella didyma and Bromus fasciculatus collected along an aridity gradient were grown under 12 irrigation treatments. Offspring germination was evaluated and related to environmental correlations between generations and their fitness consequences at the four study sites. One species exhibited strong seed dormancy that increased with unpredictability in seasonal precipitation. The parental effect on seed dormancy also increased proportionally with the environmental correlation between precipitation in the parental season and seedling density in the following season; this correlation increased from mesic to arid environments. Because fitness was negatively related to density, this parental effect may be adaptive. However, the lack of dormancy in the second species indicates that bet-hedging is not the only strategy for annual plants in arid environments. Our results provide the first evidence for clinal variation in the relative strength of parental effects along environmental gradients. KW - bet-hedging KW - clinal variation KW - environmental autocorrelation KW - maternal effect KW - parental effect KW - risk spreading KW - seed dormancy KW - transgenerational plasticity Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14436 SN - 0028-646X SN - 1469-8137 VL - 214 SP - 1230 EP - 1244 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thoelert, Steffen A1 - Hörmann, Ulrich A1 - Antreich, Felix A1 - Meurer, Michael T1 - Ionospheric effects on high gain antenna GNSS measurements BT - TEC estimation and correction T2 - Proceedings of the 30th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2017) N2 - The ionospheric delay of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) signals typically is compensated by adding a single correction value to the pseudorange measurement of a GNSS receiver. Yet, this neglects the dispersive nature of the ionosphere. In this context we analyze the ionospheric signal distortion beyond a constant delay. These effects become increasingly significant with the signal bandwidth and hence more important for new broadband navigation signals. Using measurements of the Galileo E5 signal, captured with a high gain antenna, we verify that the expected influence can indeed be observed and compensated. A new method to estimate the total electron content (TEC) from a single frequency high gain antenna measurement of a broadband GNSS signal is proposed and described in detail. The received signal is de facto unaffected by multi-path and interference because of the narrow aperture angle of the used antenna which should reduce the error source of the result in general. We would like to point out that such measurements are independent of code correlation, like in standard receiver applications. It is therefore also usable without knowledge of the signal coding. Results of the TEC estimation process are shown and discussed comparing to common TEC products like TEC maps and dual frequency receiver estimates. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.33012/2017.15343 SN - 2331-5911 SN - 2331-5954 SP - 3368 EP - 3374 PB - Instituite of Navigation CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lange, Jerome A1 - Schumacher, Reinhard A1 - Svorencik, Andrej T1 - From antiquity to modern macro BT - an overview of contemporary scholarship in the history of economic thought journals, 2015-2016 JF - History of economic ideas N2 - This survey provides an overview of topics related to the history of economics that have been discussed within the last two years in journal articles. The survey format has been started by History of Economic Ideas last year with the survey by Giulia Bianchi (2016) and is aimed to increase the visibility of research in the history of economics. The emphasis of our survey is on the big three journals in the history of economics: the European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, the Journal of the History of Economic Thought and History of Political Economy. We also included additional journals that frequently publish articles related to the history of economics. These include, in alphabetical order, the Cambridge Journal of Economics, Contributions to Political Economy, Economic Thought, the Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics, History of Economic Thought and Policy, the History of Economics Review, the Journal of Economic Literature, the Journal of Economic Methodology, the Journal of Economic Perspectives, OE conomia, Oxford Economic Papers and Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology. KW - History of economics KW - survey of literature KW - preclassical economics KW - classical economics KW - 20th-century economics Y1 - 2017 UR - http://digital.casalini.it/10.19272/201706102007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.19272/201706102007 SN - 1122-8792 SN - 1724-2169 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 171 EP - 205 PB - Fabrizio Serra Editore CY - Pisa ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wyrwa, Ulrich T1 - Zum Hundertsten nichts Neues T1 - For the Hundredth nothing BT - Deutschsprachige Neuerscheinungen zum Ersten Weltkrieg (Teil III) BT - New German Language New Releases to the First World War (Part III) JF - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaft Y1 - 2017 SN - 0044-2828 VL - 65 IS - 11 SP - 955 EP - 976 PB - Metropol-Verl. CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ludwig, Joachim T1 - A subject-theoretical perspective on transformative learning and transformative Bildung BT - Transformative Bildung as a Research Strategy on the Processes of Bildung JF - Transformative learning meets Bildung : an international exchange N2 - The German theory on transformative Bildung (Koller, Marotzki, & Sanders, 2007; Koller, 2012; Nohl, 2014) deals with transformation processes in human thinking. Bildung is defined as self and world reference, causing change in the fundamental orientation of people in the course of their biography. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-94-6300-795-5 SN - 978-94-6300-796-2 SN - 978-94-6300-797-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-797-9_4 VL - 21 SP - 43 EP - 55 PB - Sense Publishers CY - Rotterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kunow, Rüdiger T1 - The biology of geography disease disease and disease ecologies in the Americas JF - The Routledge companion to inter-American studies Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-1-315-64498-1 SN - 978-1-138-18467-1 SP - 296 EP - 307 PB - Routledge CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Balderas-Valadez, Ruth Fabiola A1 - Antunez, E. E. A1 - Olive-Mendez, Sion Federico A1 - Pacholski, Claudia A1 - Campos-Alvarez, Jose A1 - Bokhimi, Xim A1 - Agarwal, V. T1 - Porous silicon pillar and bilayer structure as a nucleation center for the formation of aligned vanadium pentoxide nanorods JF - Ceramics International N2 - Porous silicon single layer (PSM), bilayer (PSB) and pillar (PSP) structures have been evaluated as nucleation centers for vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) crystals. Deposition of vanadium precursor over different substrates (drop casting technique), followed by annealing treatment under Ar-H-2 (5% H-2) atmosphere, induced crystallization of vanadium oxide. With respect to c-Si/SiO2 substrate, V2O5 nanorods with relatively large aspect ratio were formed over and within PSP structures. On the other hand, pores in PSM and PSB were found to be filled with relatively smaller crystals. Additionally, PSB provided a nucleation substrate capable to align the nanocrystals in a preferential orientation, while V2O5 crystals grown on PSP were found to be randomly aligned around the nanoporous pillar microstructure. Nanorods and nanocrystals were identified as V2O5 by temperature-controlled XRD measurements and evidence of their crystalline nature was observed via transmission electron microscopy. A careful analysis of electronic microscopy images allows the identification of the facets composing the ends of the crystals and its corresponding surface free energy has been evaluated employing the Wulff theorem. Such high surface area composite structures have potential applications as cathode material in Lithium-ion batteries. KW - Porous silicon KW - Vanadium pentoxide KW - Nanorods KW - Crystallization KW - Nanostructures Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.03.114 SN - 0272-8842 SN - 1873-3956 VL - 43 SP - 8023 EP - 8030 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dominguez, Marisol A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph A1 - Reboreda, Juan C. A1 - Segura, Luciano A1 - Tittarelli, Fabian A1 - Mahler, Bettina T1 - Genetic structure reveals management units for the yellow cardinal (Gubernatrix cristata), endangered by habitat loss and illegal trapping JF - Conservation genetics KW - Genetic structure KW - Gubernatrix cristata KW - Management units KW - MtDNA KW - Microsatellites KW - Hybrids Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-017-0964-4 SN - 1566-0621 SN - 1572-9737 VL - 18 SP - 1131 EP - 1140 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhu, Fangjun A1 - Schlupp, Ingo A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Allele-specific expression at the androgen receptor alpha gene in a hybrid unisexual fish, the Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) JF - PLoS one N2 - The all-female Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) is the result of a hybridization of the Atlantic molly (P. mexicana) and the sailfin molly (P. latipinna) approximately 120,000 years ago. As a gynogenetic species, P. formosa needs to copulate with heterospecific males including males from one of its bisexual ancestral species. However, the sperm only triggers embryogenesis of the diploid eggs. The genetic information of the sperm donor typically will not contribute to the next generation of P. formosa. Hence, P. formosa possesses generally one allele from each of its ancestral species at any genetic locus. This raises the question whether both ancestral alleles are equally expressed in P. formosa. Allele-specific expression (ASE) has been previously assessed in various organisms, e.g., human and fish, and ASE was found to be important in the context of phenotypic variability and disease. In this study, we utilized Real-Time PCR techniques to estimate ASE of the androgen receptor alpha (arα) gene in several distinct tissues of Amazon mollies. We found an allelic bias favoring the maternal ancestor (P. mexicana) allele in ovarian tissue. This allelic bias was not observed in the gill or the brain tissue. Sequencing of the promoter regions of both alleles revealed an association between an Indel in a known CpG island and differential expression. Future studies may reveal whether our observed cis-regulatory divergence is caused by an ovary-specific trans-regulatory element, preferentially activating the allele of the maternal ancestor. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186411 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 12 IS - 10 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - PLoS CY - Lawrence, Kan. ER - TY - THES A1 - Nagel, Rebecca T1 - Genetic and behavioral investigations into African weakly electric fish (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) speciation Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhu, Fangjun A1 - Schlupp, Ingo A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Allele-specific expression at the androgen receptor alpha gene in a hybrid unisexual fish, the Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) JF - PLoS one N2 - The all-female Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) is the result of a hybridization of the Atlantic molly (P. mexicana) and the sailfin molly (P. latipinna) approximately 120,000 years ago. As a gynogenetic species, P. formosa needs to copulate with heterospecific males including males from one of its bisexual ancestral species. However, the sperm only triggers embryo genesis of the diploid eggs. The genetic information of the sperm donor typically will not contribute to the next generation of P. formosa. Hence, P. formosa possesses generally one allele from each of its ancestral species at any genetic locus. This raises the question whether both ancestral alleles are equally expressed in P. formosa. Allele-specific expression (ASE) has been previously assessed in various organisms, e.g., human and fish, and ASE was found to be important in the context of phenotypic variability and disease. In this study, we utilized Real-Time PCR techniques to estimate ASE of the androgen receptor alpha (ara) gene in several distinct tissues of Amazon mollies. We found an allelic bias favoring the maternal ancestor (P. mexicana) allele in ovarian tissue. This allelic bias was not observed in the gill or the brain tissue. Sequencing of the promoter regions of both alleles revealed an association between an Indel in a known CpG island and differential expression. Future studies may reveal whether our observed cis-regulatory divergence is caused by an ovary-specific trans-regulatory element, preferentially activating the allele of the maternal ancestor. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186411 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 12 PB - PLoS CY - San Fransisco ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Valente, Luis A1 - Illera, Juan Carlos A1 - Havenstein, Katja A1 - Pallien, Tamara A1 - Etienne, Rampal S. A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Equilibrium Bird Species Diversity in Atlantic Islands JF - Current biology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.04.053 SN - 0960-9822 SN - 1879-0445 VL - 27 SP - 1660 EP - + PB - Cell Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JFULL ED - Carlà-Uhink, Filippo ED - Lindner, Martin T1 - Imagines BT - classical receptions in the visual and performing arts N2 - This series seeks to broaden the scholarly community’s understanding of the reception of classical antiquity in the visual and performing arts. A particular focus will be drawn on the 20th and 21st centuries and on media that have been traditionally neglected because considered “commercial” and/or “popular”, such as comics, advertising, digital media, design, fashion, and theme parks. It challenges traditional, and still very widespread, assumptions that distinguish “high” from “popular” culture, but also demonstrates the indisputable importance that classical antiquity enjoys in the modern and postmodern world, and all across the planet, carefully looking at forms of Classical Receptions outside the “traditional” regions object of such studies. Through a consistent shift from the traditional, academic approach, the series is the product of a continuous dialogue between scholars on the one side, and “producers” of classical reception – painters, sculptors, photographs, architects, designers, etc. –on the other, who write about their mechanisms of appropriation of the Ancient world . Each book highlights the popularity of antiquity today and reveals the forms and mechanisms of its reception. The series thus explains the choice of subjects and motives, the elaboration and re-mediatization processes taking place in the creative act, as well as the complexity of the “reception chains”, which make it today impossible, for instance, to visualize the ancient world without the filter of historical movies. Y1 - 2017 PB - Bloomsbury Academic CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Taghvaei, Amirhossein A1 - de Wiljes, Jana A1 - Mehta, Prashant G. A1 - Reich, Sebastian T1 - Kalman filter and its modern extensions for the continuous-time nonlinear filtering problem JF - Journal of dynamic systems measurement and control N2 - This paper is concerned with the filtering problem in continuous time. Three algorithmic solution approaches for this problem are reviewed: (i) the classical Kalman-Bucy filter, which provides an exact solution for the linear Gaussian problem; (ii) the ensemble Kalman-Bucy filter (EnKBF), which is an approximate filter and represents an extension of the Kalman-Bucy filter to nonlinear problems; and (iii) the feedback particle filter (FPF), which represents an extension of the EnKBF and furthermore provides for a consistent solution in the general nonlinear, non-Gaussian case. The common feature of the three algorithms is the gain times error formula to implement the update step (to account for conditioning due to the observations) in the filter. In contrast to the commonly used sequential Monte Carlo methods, the EnKBF and FPF avoid the resampling of the particles in the importance sampling update step. Moreover, the feedback control structure provides for error correction potentially leading to smaller simulation variance and improved stability properties. The paper also discusses the issue of nonuniqueness of the filter update formula and formulates a novel approximation algorithm based on ideas from optimal transport and coupling of measures. Performance of this and other algorithms is illustrated for a numerical example. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4037780 SN - 0022-0434 SN - 1528-9028 VL - 140 IS - 3 PB - ASME CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Acevedo, Walter A1 - De Wiljes, Jana A1 - Reich, Sebastian T1 - Second-order accurate ensemble transform particle filters JF - SIAM journal on scientific computing N2 - Particle filters (also called sequential Monte Carlo methods) are widely used for state and parameter estimation problems in the context of nonlinear evolution equations. The recently proposed ensemble transform particle filter (ETPF) [S. Reich, SIAM T. Sci. Comput., 35, (2013), pp. A2013-A2014[ replaces the resampling step of a standard particle filter by a linear transformation which allows for a hybridization of particle filters with ensemble Kalman filters and renders the resulting hybrid filters applicable to spatially extended systems. However, the linear transformation step is computationally expensive and leads to an underestimation of the ensemble spread for small and moderate ensemble sizes. Here we address both of these shortcomings by developing second order accurate extensions of the ETPF. These extensions allow one in particular to replace the exact solution of a linear transport problem by its Sinkhorn approximation. It is also demonstrated that the nonlinear ensemble transform filter arises as a special case of our general framework. We illustrate the performance of the second-order accurate filters for the chaotic Lorenz-63 and Lorenz-96 models and a dynamic scene-viewing model. The numerical results for the Lorenz-63 and Lorenz-96 models demonstrate that significant accuracy improvements can be achieved in comparison to a standard ensemble Kalman filter and the ETPF for small to moderate ensemble sizes. The numerical results for the scene-viewing model reveal, on the other hand, that second-order corrections can lead to statistically inconsistent samples from the posterior parameter distribution. KW - Bayesian inference KW - data assimilation KW - particle filter KW - ensemble Kalman filter KW - Sinkhorn approximation Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/16M1095184 SN - 1064-8275 SN - 1095-7197 SN - 2168-3417 VL - 39 IS - 5 SP - A1834 EP - A1850 PB - Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics CY - Philadelphia ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fatfouta, Ramzi A1 - Zeigler-Hill, Virgil A1 - Schröder-Abe, Michela T1 - I’m merciful, am I not? BT - Facets of narcissism and forgiveness revisited JF - Journal of research in personality N2 - Narcissists are said to be particularly unforgiving, yet previous research remains inconclusive. This is likely because most previous studies focused on narcissism as a unitary construct, thereby neglecting its multiple facets. The present study (N = 1101) thus aimed to clarify the nuanced associations between different facets of narcissism and forgiveness, the latter being assessed via self-report and non-self-report measures. The results of a structural equation model (SEM) showed that antagonistic aspects of narcissism were negatively correlated with explicit forgiveness. Importantly, agentic as well as communal aspects of narcissism were positively correlated with explicit forgiveness. Aspects of narcissistic personality were not correlated with implicit forgiveness. Results suggest that not all facets of narcissism are associated with an unforgiving stance. KW - Narcissism KW - Forgiveness KW - Social relationships KW - Narcissistic entitlement KW - Conflict Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2017.07.007 SN - 0092-6566 SN - 1095-7251 VL - 70 SP - 166 EP - 173 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Morf, Carolyn C. A1 - Schurch, Eva A1 - Kufener, Albrecht A1 - Siegrist, Philip A1 - Vater, Aline A1 - Back, Mitja A1 - Mestel, Robert A1 - Schröder-Abe, Michela T1 - Expanding the Nomological Net of the Pathological Narcissism Inventory: German Validation and Extension in a Clinical Inpatient Sample JF - Assessment KW - narcissism KW - assessment KW - Pathological Narcissism Inventory KW - construct validity KW - nomological network Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191115627010 SN - 1073-1911 SN - 1552-3489 VL - 24 SP - 419 EP - 443 PB - Sage Publ. CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fatfouta, Ramzi A1 - Schröder-Abe, Michela T1 - I can see clearly now BT - clarity of transgression-related motivations JF - Personality and individual differences : an international journal of research into the structure and development of personality, and the causation of individual differences N2 - Past research has revealed that narcissists lack forgiveness. However, little is known about factors that might either buffer or, more critically, enhance the link between narcissism and lack of forgiveness. To address this gap in the literature, the present studies focused on the moderating role of clarity of transgression-related motivations. In an original and a replication study (Ns = 509 and 532, respectively), participants rated their levels of narcissistic admiration and rivalry and recalled a personal episode in which someone had hurt them. Subsequently, participants reported on their lack of forgiveness toward their transgressor. Response speed to these ratings served as an indirect clarity measure, with faster responses indicating greater clarity. In both studies, narcissistic rivalry (but not admiration) was positively related to lack of forgiveness and this relationship was stronger among individuals who were clear about their transgression-related motivations. Results inform our understanding of socio-emotional factors that contribute to narcissists' lack of forgiveness following interpersonal hurt. KW - Narcissism KW - Forgiveness KW - Interpersonal transgressions KW - Social relationships KW - Indirect measurement Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.10.010 SN - 0191-8869 VL - 105 SP - 280 EP - 286 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - THES A1 - Zitelmann, Rainer T1 - Persönlichkeit und Verhaltensmuster der Vermögenselite in Deutschland Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Metz, Anna-Marie A1 - Rothe, Heinz-Jürgen T1 - Screening psychischer Arbeitsbelastungen BT - ein Verfahren zur Analyse und Bewertung von arbeitsbedingten psychischen Belastungen im Rahmen von Gefährdungsanalysen N2 - Dieses Buch zeigt Methoden und Instrumente zur Erfassung und Bewertung von gesundheitsrelevanten Merkmalen von Arbeitssituationen. Damit bietet es die Grundlagen für die Ableitung von arbeitsgestalterischen Maßnahmen und personbezogebnen Interventionen, um eingetretene Beeinträchtigungen nachhaltig zu beheben bzw. um diesen vorzubeugen. Die Gesundheitsberichte aller Krankenkassen weisen aus, dass die durch körperliche Belastungen und Arbeitsumweltbedingungen verursachten Erkrankungen von Erwerbstätigen rückläufig sind. Zugleich ist eine Zunahme von durch vorwiegend psychische Belastungen verursachten Erkrankungen wie psychosomatische Störungen, Depressionen oder Burnout zu verzeichnen. Anhand von Fallbeispielen werden im vorliegenden Buch das methodische Vorgehen zur Datenerhebung, deren formale Auswertung sowie die aus den Ergebnissen ableitbaren Schlussfolgerungen für Maßnahmen diskutiert. Es richtet sich vor allem an jene Experten (Ingenieure, Betriebsärzte, Arbeitspsychologen, Sicherheitsfachkräfte) die in der betrieblichen Praxis mit der Durchführung von Gefährdungsanalysen befasst sind. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-658-12571-4 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Salzwedel, Annett A1 - Heidler, Maria-Dorothea A1 - Haubold, Kathrin A1 - Schikora, Martin A1 - Reibis, Rona Katharina A1 - Wegscheider, Karl A1 - Jöbgens, Michael A1 - Völler, Heinz T1 - Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in employable patients after acute coronary event in cardiac rehabilitation JF - Vascular Health and Risk Management N2 - Introduction: Adequate cognitive function in patients is a prerequisite for successful implementation of patient education and lifestyle coping in comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs. Although the association between cardiovascular diseases and cognitive impairments (CIs) is well known, the prevalence particularly of mild CI in CR and the characteristics of affected patients have been insufficiently investigated so far. Methods: In this prospective observational study, 496 patients (54.5 ± 6.2 years, 79.8% men) with coronary artery disease following an acute coronary event (ACE) were analyzed. Patients were enrolled within 14 days of discharge from the hospital in a 3-week inpatient CR program. Patients were tested for CI using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) upon admission to and discharge from CR. Additionally, sociodemographic, clinical, and physiological variables were documented. The data were analyzed descriptively and in a multivariate stepwise backward elimination regression model with respect to CI. Results: At admission to CR, the CI (MoCA score < 26) was determined in 182 patients (36.7%). Significant differences between CI and no CI groups were identified, and CI group was associated with high prevalence of smoking (65.9 vs 56.7%, P = 0.046), heavy (physically demanding) workloads (26.4 vs 17.8%, P < 0.001), sick leave longer than 1 month prior to CR (28.6 vs 18.5%, P = 0.026), reduced exercise capacity (102.5 vs 118.8 W, P = 0.006), and a shorter 6-min walking distance (401.7 vs 421.3 m, P = 0.021) compared to no CI group. The age- and education-adjusted model showed positive associations with CI only for sick leave more than 1 month prior to ACE (odds ratio [OR] 1.673, 95% confidence interval 1.07–2.79; P = 0.03) and heavy workloads (OR 2.18, 95% confidence interval 1.42–3.36; P < 0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence of CI in CR was considerably high, affecting more than one-third of cardiac patients. Besides age and education level, CI was associated with heavy workloads and a longer sick leave before ACE. KW - cardiac rehabilitation KW - cognitive impairment KW - prevalence KW - acute coronary event KW - patient education Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2147/VHRM.S121086 SN - 1176-6344 SN - 1178-2048 VL - 13 SP - 55 EP - 60 PB - Dove Medical Press Ltd CY - Albany, Auckland ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Steger, Jette A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Kunze, Ulrike ED - Bilz, Ludwig ED - Schubarth, Wilfried ED - Dudziak, Ines ED - Fischer, Saskia M. ED - Niproschke, Saskia ED - Ulbricht, Juliane T1 - Zur Bedeutung des Gewaltverständnisses von Lehrkräften für ihren Umgang mit Mobbing T2 - Gewalt und Mobbing an Schulen : wie sich Gewalt und Mobbing entwickelt haben, wie Lehrer intervenieren und welche Kompetenzen sie brauchen Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-7815-2095-0 SP - 205 EP - 217 PB - Klinkhardt CY - Bad Heilbrunn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Ulbricht, Juliane ED - Bilz, Ludwig ED - Schubarth, Wilfried ED - Dudziak, Ines ED - Fischer, Saskia M. ED - Niproschke, Saskia ED - Ulbricht, Juliane T1 - Welche Interventionskompetenzen sind für das Lehrerhandeln in Gewalt- und Mobbingsituationen besonders bedeutsam? T2 - Gewalt und Mobbing an Schulen : wie sich Gewalt und Mobbing entwickelt haben, wie Lehrer intervenieren und welche Kompetenzen sie brauchen Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-7815-2095-0 SP - 255 EP - 275 PB - Klinkhardt CY - Bad Heilbrunn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Bilz, Ludwig ED - Bilz, Ludwig ED - Schubarth, Wilfried ED - Dudziak, Ines ED - Fischer, Saskia M. ED - Niproschke, Saskia ED - Ulbricht, Juliane T1 - Fazit und Folgerungen T2 - Gewalt und Mobbing an Schulen : wie sich Gewalt und Mobbing entwickelt haben, wie Lehrer intervenieren und welche Kompetenzen sie brauchen Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-7815-2095-0 SP - 277 EP - 284 PB - Klinkhardt CY - Bad Heilbrunn ER - TY - BOOK ED - Schweer, Martin K.W. ED - Hascher, Tina ED - Horstkemper, Marianne ED - Melzer, Wolfgang ED - Züchner, Ivo T1 - Lehrer-Schüler-Interaktion BT - Inhaltsfelder, Forschungsperspektiven und methodische Zugänge T3 - Schule und Gesellschaft ; 24 N2 - Eines der zentralen Themen der Schul- und Unterrichtsforschung ist Interaktion im Klassenzimmer, das in diesem Buch umfassend behandelt wird. Was zeichnet die Strukturen des alltäglichen Umgangs im schulischen Kontext aus? Welchen Einfluss hat die Interaktion von Schülerinnen, Schülern und Lehrkräften auf die Unterrichtsqualität? Wo liegen die eigentlichen Problem- und Anwendungsfelder? Antworten auf diese und andere Fragen gibt die überarbeitete und aktualisierte Ausgabe des Buchs, das neue Themen wie ‚Intersektionalität‘ und ‚Inklusionspädagogik‘ aufnimmt. Ein Akzent wird auf die ‚Beratungskompetenz‘ von Lehrerinnen und Lehrern gelegt, die gleichermaßen für Wissenschaft und pädagogische Praxis von Interesse ist. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-658-15082-2 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ET - 3., überarb. u. aktual. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krämer, Raimund T1 - Magier der Macht BT - Zum Tode von Fidel Castro Ruz JF - WeltTrends : das außenpolitische Journal Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-945878-41-5 SN - 0944-8101 VL - 25 IS - 123 SP - 62 EP - 65 PB - WeltTrends CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK ED - Bilz, Ludwig ED - Schubarth, Wilfried ED - Dudziak, Ines ED - Fischer, Saskia M. ED - Niproschke, Saskia ED - Ulbricht, Juliane T1 - Gewalt und Mobbing an Schulen BT - wie sich Gewalt und Mobbing entwickelt haben, wie Lehrer intervenieren und welche Kompetenzen sie brauchen N2 - Wie reagieren Lehrkräfte bei Gewalt und Mobbing? Welche Rolle spielen dabei Wissen, Überzeugungen oder Empathie? Und: Wie hat sich das Ausmaß von Gewalt und Mobbing an deutschen Schulen in den letzten Jahren entwickelt? Auf diese Fragen hat die Forschung bisher kaum Antworten. Der Band stellt die Ergebnisse des von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) geförderten Projektes 'Lehrerhandeln bei Gewalt und Mobbing' vor, das diese Fragen an einer groß angelegten Studie mit über 2000 Schülerinnen und Schülern und 550 Lehrkräften untersucht hat. Sowohl aus Lehrer- als auch aus Schülerperspektive wird erstmals analysiert, wie häufig Lehrerinnen und Lehrer bei Gewaltvorfällen eingreifen und was genau sie mit welchem Ziel und mit welchem Erfolg tun. Die Forschungsergebnisse decken neben Entwicklungstrends insbesondere auf, welche Interventionsstrategien hilfreich sind und was kompetente Lehrerinnen und Lehrer auszeichnet. Folgerungen für die Lehrerbildung und die Schulentwicklung werden gezogen. Der Band richtet sich an einen breiten Adressatenkreis aus den Bereichen Wissenschaft, Lehrerbildung und Schulpraxis. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-7815-2095-0 PB - Klinkhardt CY - Bad Heilbrunn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried ED - Bilz, Ludwig ED - Schubarth, Wilfried ED - Dudziak, Ines ED - Fischer, Saskia M. ED - Niproschke, Saskia ED - Ulbricht, Juliane T1 - Einführung in den Band T2 - Gewalt und Mobbing an Schulen : wie sich Gewalt und Mobbing entwickelt haben, wie Lehrer intervenieren und welche Kompetenzen sie brauchen Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-7815-2095-0 SP - 13 EP - 14 PB - Klinkhardt CY - Bad Heilbrunn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Ulbricht, Juliane ED - Bilz, Ludwig ED - Schubarth, Wilfried ED - Dudziak, Ines ED - Fischer, Saskia M. ED - Niproschke, Saskia ED - Ulbricht, Juliane T1 - Der Umgang mit Schülergewalt und -mobbing BT - Ein Modell zu den Bedingungen und Konsequenzen des Lehrerhandel T2 - Gewalt und Mobbing an Schulen : wie sich Gewalt und Mobbing entwickelt haben, wie Lehrer intervenieren und welche Kompetenzen sie brauchen Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-7815-2095-0 SP - 17 EP - 28 PB - Klinkhardt CY - Bad Heilbrunn ER -