TY - JOUR A1 - Sun, Sheng-Yun A1 - Huang, Jin A1 - Meng, Min-Jie A1 - Lu, Jia-Hai A1 - Hocher, Berthold A1 - Liu, Kang-Li A1 - Yang, Qin-He A1 - Zhu, Xiao-Feng T1 - Improvement of lipid profile and reduction of body weight by Shan He Jian Fei Granules in high fat diet-induced obese rats JF - Clinical laboratory : the peer reviewed journal for clinical laboratories and laboratories related to blood transfusion N2 - Background: The goal was to study lipid profiles (TG, TC, LDL, HDL), effects on serum leptin, and fat tissue adiponectin, and resistin as well as body weight effects of Shan He Jian Fei Granules (SHJFG) in rats on a high fat diet. Methods: Rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal control group fed with normal fat diet, rats on high fat diet receiving low dosage, middle dosage, high dosage of Shan He Jian Fei Granules (SHJFG) as well as a high fat diet group receiving placebo. Rats were treated for 8 weeks. Body weight and naso-anal length of each rat were recorded and Lee's index was calculated. Serum TG, TC, LDL, HDL and leptin concentrations were analyzed. The gene expressions of adiponectin and resistin in adipose tissues were tested by RT-PCR. Results: Compared to the high-fat diet group, body weights, Lee's indexes, weight of fat tissues and serum TG, TC, LDL and leptin of SHJFG groups significantly decreased (p<0.05), whereas mRNA expressions of adiponectin and resistin of SHJFG groups significantly increased (p<0.05). Conclusions: SHJFG could significantly lower body weight and serum TG, TC, and LDL of obese rats. The effects of SHJFG in lowering leptin synthesis and raising mRNA expression of adiponectin and resistin in fat tissues may act as part of the mechanisms in lowering body weight of obese rats. Further studies are needed to demonstrate whether SHJFG may also reduce overall cardiovascular morbidity and mortality like other lipid lowering drugs. KW - obesity KW - high-fat diet KW - Shan He Jian Fei Granules (SHJFG) KW - lipid KW - adiponectin KW - resistin KW - leptin Y1 - 2012 SN - 1433-6510 VL - 58 IS - 1-2 SP - 81 EP - 87 PB - Clin Lab Publ., Verl. Klinisches Labor CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Deng, Zijun A1 - Zou, Jie A1 - Wang, Weiwei A1 - Nie, Yan A1 - Tung, Wing-Tai A1 - Ma, Nan A1 - Lendlein, Andreas T1 - Dedifferentiation of mature adipocytes with periodic exposure to cold JF - Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation : blood flow and vessels N2 - Lipid-containing adipocytes can dedifferentiate into fibroblast-like cells under appropriate culture conditions, which are known as dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells. However, the relative low dedifferentiation efficiency with the established protocols limit their widespread applications. In this study, we found that adipocyte dedifferentiation could be promoted via periodic exposure to cold (10 degrees C) in vitro. The lipid droplets in mature adipocytes were reduced by culturing the cells in periodic cooling/heating cycles (10-37 degrees C) for one week. The periodic temperature change led to the down-regulation of the adipogenic genes (FABP4, Leptin) and up-regulation of the mitochondrial uncoupling related genes (UCP1, PGC-1 alpha, and PRDM16). In addition, the enhanced expression of the cell proliferation marker Ki67 was observed in the dedifferentiated fibroblast-like cells after periodic exposure to cold, as compared to the cells cultured in 37 degrees C. Our in vitro model provides a simple and effective approach to promote lipolysis and can be used to improve the dedifferentiation efficiency of adipocytes towards multipotent DFAT cells. KW - Adipocyte KW - dedifferentiation KW - cold KW - lipid Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-199005 SN - 1386-0291 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 71 IS - 4 SP - 415 EP - 424 PB - IOS Press CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wacker, Alexander A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik T1 - Biochemical nutrient requirements of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus co-limitation by sterols and amino acids JF - Functional ecology : an official journal of the British Ecological Society N2 - It has been proposed that growth and reproduction of animals is frequently limited by multiple nutrients simultaneously. To improve our understanding of the consequences of multiple nutrient limitations (i.e. co-limitation) for the performance of animals, we conducted standardized population growth experiments using an important aquatic consumer, the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. We compared nutrient profiles (sterols, fatty acids and amino acids) of rotifers and their diets to reveal consumerdiet imbalances and thus potentially limiting nutrients. In concomitant growth experiments, we directly supplemented potentially limiting substances (sterols, fatty acids, amino acids) to a nutrient-deficient diet, the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus, and recorded population growth rates. The results from the supplementation experiments corroborated the nutrient limitations predicted by assessing consumerdiet imbalances, but provided more detailed information on co-limiting nutrients. While the fatty acid deficiency of the cyanobacterium appeared to be of minor importance, the addition of both cholesterol and certain amino acids (leucine and isoleucine) improved population growth rates of rotifers, indicating a simultaneous limitation by sterols and amino acids. Our results add to growing evidence that consumers frequently face multiple nutrient limitations and suggest that the concept of co-limitation has to be considered in studies assessing nutrient-limited growth responses of consumers. KW - consumer KW - consumer-diet imbalance KW - dietary mismatch KW - fatty acid KW - global change KW - lipid KW - nutrition KW - phytoplankton KW - tetrahymanol KW - zooplankton Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.02047.x SN - 0269-8463 VL - 26 IS - 5 SP - 1135 EP - 1143 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER -