TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kühne, Franziska
A1  - Heinze, Peter Eric
A1  - Weck, Florian
T1  - What do laypersons believe characterises a competent psychotherapist?
JF  - Counselling and psychotherapy research
N2  - Aim 
Although research and clinical definitions of psychotherapeutic competence have been proposed, less is known about the layperson perspective. The aim was to explore the views of individuals with different levels of psychotherapy experience regarding what-in their views-constitutes a competent therapist. 

Method
In an online survey, 375 persons (64% female, mean age 33.24 years) with no experience, with professional experience, or with personal pre-experience with psychotherapy participated. To provide low-threshold questions, we first presented two qualitative items (i.e. "In your opinion, what makes a good/competent psychotherapist?"; "How do you recognize that a psychotherapist is not competent?") and analysed them using inductive content analysis techniques (Mayring, 2014). Then, we gave participants a 16-item questionnaire including items from previous surveys and from the literature and analysed them descriptively. 

Results
Work-relatedprinciples, professionalism, personalitycharacteristics, caringcommunication, empathy and understandingwere important categories of competence. Concerning the quantitative questions, most participants agreed with items indicating that a therapist should be open, listen well, show empathy and behave responsibly.

Conclusion
Investigating layperson perspectives suggested that effective and professional interpersonal behaviour of therapists plays a central role in the public's perception of psychotherapy.
KW  - client preferences
KW  - expectancies
KW  - psychotherapeutic competencies
KW  - psychotherapy process
KW  - public involvement
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12343
SN  - 1473-3145
SN  - 1746-1405
VL  - 21
IS  - 3
SP  - 660
EP  - 671
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heinze, Peter Eric
A1  - Weck, Florian
A1  - Hahn, Daniela
A1  - Kühne, Franziska
T1  - Differences in psychotherapy preferences between psychotherapy trainees and laypeople
JF  - Psychotherapy research : the official journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research
N2  - Objective: Despite increasing research on psychotherapy preferences, the preferences of psychotherapy trainees are largely unknown. Moreover, differences in preferences between trainees and their patients could (a) hinder symptom improvement and therapy success for patients and (b) represent significant obstacles in the early career and development of future therapists. Method: We compared the preferences of n = 466 psychotherapy trainees to those of n = 969 laypersons using the Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences. Moreover, we compared preferences between trainees in cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and psychodynamic trainees. Results: We found significant differences between both samples in 13 of 18 items, and three of four subscales. Psychotherapy trainees preferred less therapist directiveness (d = 0.58), more emotional intensity (d = 0.74), as well as more focused challenge (d = 0.35) than laypeople. CBT trainees preferred more therapist directiveness (d = 2.00), less emotional intensity (d = 0.51), more present orientation (d = 0.76) and more focused challenge (d = 0.33) than trainees in psychodynamic/psychoanalytic therapy. Conclusion: Overall, the results underline the importance of implementing preference assessment and discussion during psychotherapy training. Moreover, therapists of different orientations seem to cover a large range of preferences for patients, in order to choose the right fit.
KW  - psychotherapy process
KW  - psychotherapy training
KW  - activity preference;
KW  - C-NIP
KW  - assessment
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2022.2098076
SN  - 1050-3307
SN  - 1468-4381
VL  - 33
IS  - 3
SP  - 374
EP  - 386
PB  - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Abingdon
ER  -