TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schürmann, Robin Mathis
A1  - Vogel, Stefanie
A1  - Ebel, Kenny
A1  - Bald, Ilko
T1  - The physico-chemical basis of DNA radiosensitization
BT  - implications for cancer radiation therapy
JF  - Chemistry - a European journal
N2  - High-energy radiation is used in combination with radiosensitizing therapeutics to treat cancer. The most common radiosensitizers are halogenated nucleosides and cisplatin derivatives, and recently also metal nanoparticles have been suggested as potential radiosensitizing agents. The radiosensitizing action of these compounds can at least partly be ascribed to an enhanced reactivity towards secondary low-energy electrons generated along the radiation track of the high-energy primary radiation, or to an additional emission of secondary reactive electrons close to the tumor tissue. This is referred to as physico-chemical radiosensitization. In this Concept article we present current experimental methods used to study fundamental processes of physico-chemical radiosensitization and discuss the most relevant classes of radiosensitizers. Open questions in the current discussions are identified and future directions outlined, which can lead to optimized treatment protocols or even novel therapeutic concepts.
KW  - cancer
KW  - dissociative electron attachment
KW  - low-energy electrons
KW  - radiation therapy
KW  - radiosensitizers
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201800804
SN  - 0947-6539
SN  - 1521-3765
VL  - 24
IS  - 41
SP  - 10271
EP  - 10279
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Guo, Ranran
A1  - Tian, Ye
A1  - Yang, Yueqi
A1  - Jiang, Qin
A1  - Wang, Yajun
A1  - Yang, Wuli
T1  - A Yolk-Shell nanoplatform for gene-silencing-enhanced photolytic ablation of cancer
JF  - Advanced functional materials
N2  - Noninvasive near-infrared (NIR) light responsive therapy is a promising cancer treatment modality; however, some inherent drawbacks of conventional phototherapy heavily restrict its application in clinic. Rather than producing heat or reactive oxygen species in conventional NIR treatment, here a multifunctional yolk-shell nanoplatform is proposed that is able to generate microbubbles to destruct cancer cells upon NIR laser irradiation. Besides, the therapeutic effect is highly improved through the coalition of small interfering RNA (siRNA), which is codelivered by the nanoplatform. In vitro experiments demonstrate that siRNA significantly inhibits expression of protective proteins and reduces the tolerance of cancer cells to bubble-induced environmental damage. In this way, higher cytotoxicity is achieved by utilizing the yolk-shell nanoparticles than treated with the same nanoparticles missing siRNA under NIR laser irradiation. After surface modification with polyethylene glycol and transferrin, the yolk-shell nanoparticles can target tumors selectively, as demonstrated from the photoacoustic and ultrasonic imaging in vivo. The yolk-shell nanoplatform shows outstanding tumor regression with minimal side effects under NIR laser irradiation. Therefore, the multifunctional nanoparticles that combining bubble-induced mechanical effect with RNA interference are expected to be an effective NIR light responsive oncotherapy.
KW  - cancer
KW  - gene silencing
KW  - near-infrared absorption
KW  - photolytic ablation
KW  - yolk-shell nanoparticles
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201706398
SN  - 1616-301X
SN  - 1616-3028
VL  - 28
IS  - 14
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  -