TY - JOUR A1 - Bahro, Steffi T1 - „Solange der Krieg dauerte, ging alles gut...“ : der abgedankte Soldat im Märchen BT - (Magisterprojekt, Universität Potsdam) JF - Militär und Gesellschaft in der frühen Neuzeit N2 - Behandelte Themen sind: Forschungsstand; Quellenbasis; Das Märchen als Geschichtsquelle; Fragestellungen; Typen des abgedankten Soldaten Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21247 SN - 1861-910X SN - 1617-9722 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 174 EP - 180 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarz, Ingo T1 - „Humbug und Taktlosigkeit“ oder „ein anlockendes Aushängeschild“ BT - Alexander von Humboldt als Held einer Novelle – 1858 JF - Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies N2 - Berichtet wird von einer 1858 veröffentlichten Novelle, in der Alexander von Humboldt als Titelheld erschien. Der Verfasser, der preußische Offizier Eugen Hermann von Dedenroth, sandte Humboldt ein Exemplar des Buches in der Hoffnung auf eine lobende Notiz. Stattdessen beklagte sich Humboldt öffentlich „über die Unzartheit deutscher literarischer Gewohnheiten“. N2 - This paper deals with a novella published in 1858, in which Alexander von Humboldt appeared as the title hero. The author, a Prussian officer named Eugen Hermann von Dedenroth, sent Humboldt a copy of his book hoping to receive a positive response. However, Humboldt was so angry that he published a letter complaining about the novella's lack of respect for him and his career. KW - „Ein Sohn Alexanders von Humboldt oder der Indianer von Maypures“ KW - 1858 KW - Eugen Hermann von Dedenroth Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-35820 SN - 2568-3543 SN - 1617-5239 VL - VIII IS - 14 SP - 74 EP - 78 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kosman, Admiʾel A1 - Sharbat, Anat T1 - “Two women who were sporting with each other” BT - a re-examination of the halakhic approaches to lesbianism as a touchstone for homosexuality in general JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. KW - Judentum Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-20818 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 13 SP - 10 EP - 45 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kent, Alan M. T1 - “Mozeying on down ...” : the Cornish Language in North America N2 - Content: Cornish Scat Abroad The Next Parish after Land’s End: Early Explorations William Gwavas and that 1710 Letter Yee-Har!!: Miners and Cowboys Some Language Cowboys: Nancarrow, Bottrell and Weekes Cornish Language in Twenty-First-Century North America Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19275 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jütte, Robert T1 - “I Will Sing and Make Music”: Jewish music and musicians Throughout the ages. - (The Nineteenth Annual Klutznick-Harris Symposium. - Creighton University, Omaha. Nebraska, 29.10-30.10.2006) JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22558 SN - 1862-7684 SN - 1614-6492 IS - 13 SP - 121 EP - 124 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meyer, Gunda T1 - Überblick über die von den UN-Vertragsüberwachungsorganen behandelten Individualbeschwerden im Jahr 2007 JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Individualbeschwerden, die von den UN-Vertragsüberwachungsorganen – mit Ausnahme des Menschenrechtsausschusses – von August 2006 bis September 2007 behandelt wurden. Alle zitierten Dokumente sind über die Seiten des Büros der Hohen Kommissarin der für Menschenrechte der Vereinten Nationen (OHCHR) einsehbar. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-36714 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 338 EP - 346 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Panek, Eva T1 - Zum zweiten ILO-Gesamtbericht über Kinderarbeit BT - „Das Ende der Kinderarbeit : zum Greifen nah“ JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - I. Einleitung II. Trends und Entwicklungen III. Entstehung eines internationalen politischen Rahmenwerks gegen Kinderarbeit IV. ILO-Aktivitäten seit 2000 V. Globale Herausforderungen Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-36947 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 252 EP - 264 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raassen, A. J. J. A1 - Hucht, K. A. van der A1 - Miller, N. A. A1 - Cassinelli, Joseph P. T1 - XMM-Newton observations of zeta Orionis (O9.7 Ib) : a collisional ionization equilibrium model N2 - We present the analysis of XMM-Newton observations of ζ Orionis. The analysis is based on fitting to the total spectrum as well as diagnostics of individual line. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17747 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Oskinova, Lida A1 - Hamann, Wolf-Rainer A1 - Feldmeier, Achim T1 - X-raying clumped stellar winds N2 - X-ray spectroscopy is a sensitive probe of stellar winds. X-rays originate from optically thin shock-heated plasma deep inside the wind and propagate outwards throughout absorbing cool material. Recent analyses of the line ratios from He-like ions in the X-ray spectra of O-stars highlighted problems with this general paradigm: the measured line ratios of highest ions are consistent with the location of the hottest X-ray emitting plasma very close to the base of the wind, perhaps indicating the presence of a corona, while measurements from lower ions conform with the wind-embedded shock model. Generally, to correctly model the emerging Xray spectra, a detailed knowledge of the cool wind opacities based on stellar atmosphere models is prerequisite. A nearly grey stellar wind opacity for the X-rays is deduced from the analyses of high-resolution X-ray spectra. This indicates that the stellar winds are strongly clumped. Furthermore, the nearly symmetric shape of X-ray emission line profiles can be explained if the wind clumps are radially compressed. In massive binaries the orbital variations of X-ray emission allow to probe the opacity of the stellar wind; results support the picture of strong wind clumping. In high-mass X-ray binaries, the stochastic X-ray variability and the extend of the stellar-wind part photoionized by X-rays provide further strong evidence that stellar winds consist of dense clumps. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18133 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Cassinelli, Joseph P. A1 - Ignace, R. A1 - Waldron, W. A1 - Cho, J. A1 - Murphy, N. A1 - Lazarian, A. T1 - X-ray line emission produced in clump bow shocks N2 - We summarize Chandra observations of the emission line profiles from 17 OB stars. The lines tend to be broad and unshifted. The forbidden/intercombination line ratios arising from Helium-like ions provide radial distance information for the X-ray emission sources, while the H-like to He-like line ratios provide X-ray temperatures, and thus also source temperature versus radius distributions. OB stars usually show power law differential emission measure distributions versus temperature. In models of bow shocks, we find a power law differential emission measure, a wide range of ion stages, and the bow shock flow around the clumps provides transverse velocities comparable to HWHM values. We find that the bow shock results for the line profile properties, consistent with the observations of X-ray line emission for a broad range of OB star properties. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18057 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pollmann, Arnd A1 - Roepstorff, Kristina T1 - Wirtschaftliche, soziale und kulturelle Menschenrechte BT - eine Auswahlbibliographie JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - 1. Zur Typologisierung dreier Klassen von enschenrechten Menschenrechten 1.1 Rechtssystematisch 1.2 Historisch 1.3 Philosophisch 1.4 Politikwissenschaftlich 2. Die Klasse der WSK-Rechte 2.1. WSK-Rechte insgesamt 2.2 Teilklasse: Wirtschaftliche Rechte 2.3 Teilklasse: Soziale Rechte 2.4 Teilklasse: Kulturelle Rechte 3. Die WSK-Rechte im Einzelnen 3.1 Arbeit 3.2 Gerechte Arbeitsbedingungen 3.3 Gewerkschaftsbildung/Streikrecht 3.4 Soziale Sicherheit 3.5 Schutz der Familie 3.6 Angemessener Lebensstandard 3.7 Ernährung 3.8 Wohnen 3.9 Eigentum 3.10 Gesundheit 3.11 Bildung 3.12 Teilhabe am kulturellen Leben 3.13 Geistiges Eigentum 3.14 Wasser 4. Theorien globaler Gerechtigkeit Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-36863 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 156 EP - 172 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Szeifert, T. T1 - Wind variabilities and asymmetries in Luminous Blue Variables N2 - Luminous Blue Variables show strong changes in their stellar wind on time scales of typically years to decades when they expand and contract radially at approximately constant luminosity. Micro-variability on shorter time scales and amplitudes can be observed superimposed to the larger scale radial changes. I will show long-term time series of high resolution spectra which we have collected in the past 20 years for many of the well known LBVs together with a few time series of weekly sampling (HR Car, R40, R71, R110, R127, S Dor) covering a time windows of up to a few months. Wind variability is seen on short and intermediate time scales with the line profiles changing from P Cygni to inverse P Cygni and double peeked profiles sometimes for the same star and spectral line. On longer time scales the ionisation levels for all chemical elements change drastically due to the strong change of the temperature on the stellar surface. While on the long term the characteristic radial changes may have impact on the over all mass loss rates, the variabilities and asymmetries on short and intermediate time scales may cause false estimates of the mass loss rates when confronting models with the observed line profiles Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18146 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weis, K. T1 - Wind relics : clumps, inhomogeneities and outflows in LBV nebulae N2 - The most massive stars are those with the shortest but most active life. One group of massive stars, the Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs), of which only a few objects are known, are in particular of interest concerning the stability of stars. They have a high mass loss rate and are close to being instable. This is even more likely as rotation becomes an important factor in stellar evolution of these stars. Through massive stellar winds and sometimes giant eruptions, LBV nebulae are formed. Various aspects in the evolution in the LBV phase lead, beside the large scale morphological and kinematical differences, to a diversity of small structures like clumps, rims, and outflows in these nebulae. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18235 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Marchenko, S. V. T1 - Wind inhomogeneities in low-Z environment : observations N2 - We discuss the results of time-resolved spectroscopy of three presumably single Population I Wolf-Rayet stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud, where the ambient metallicity is $\sim 1/5 Z_\odot$. We were able to detect and follow numerous small-scale wind-embedded inhomogeneities in all observed stars. The general properties of the moving features, such as their velocity dispersions, emissivities and average accelerations, closely match the corresponding characteristics of small-scale inhomogeneities in the winds of Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17769 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kraus, M. A1 - Kubát, Jiří A1 - Krtička, Jiri T1 - Wind emission of OB supergiants and the influence of clumping N2 - The influence of the wind to the total continuum of OB supergiants is discussed. For wind velocity distributions with β > 1.0, the wind can have strong influence to the total continuum emission, even at optical wavelengths. Comparing the continuum emission of clumped and unclumped winds, especially for stars with high β values, delivers flux differences of up to 30% with maximum in the near-IR. Continuum observations at these wavelengths are therefore an ideal tool to discriminate between clumped and unclumped winds of OB supergiants. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17757 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rose, Jürgen T1 - Wider den „euro-atlantischen Internationalismus“ : Berliner Republik und Entgrenzung der Bundeswehr N2 - Inhalt: Frieden mit aller Gewalt schaffen? Tatbestand: Staatsterrorismus Das Weißbuch 2006 Bundesverfassungsgericht versus Bundesverwaltungsgericht Weltweites Interventionsrecht Lizenz zum Völkerrechtsbruch „Re-Transformation“ der Bundeswehr Prinzipien für einen sicherheitspolitischen Grundkonsens Breite öffentliche Debatte notwendig Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-23212 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kitagawa, Yoshihisa ED - Ishihara, Shinichiro ED - Petrova, Svetlana ED - Schwarz, Anne T1 - When we fail to question in Japanese JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632 N2 - When we pay close attention to the prosody of Wh-questions in Japanese, we discover many novel and interesting empirical puzzles that would require us to devise a much finer syntactic component of grammar. This paper addresses the issues that pose some problems to such an elaborated grammar, and offers solutions, making an appeal to the information structure and sentence processing involved in the interpretation of interrogative and focus constructions. KW - focus KW - (implicit) prosody KW - information structure KW - processing KW - Wh-question Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-24481 SN - 1866-4725 SN - 1614-4708 VL - 9 SP - 29 EP - 64 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mac Eoin, Gearóid T1 - What language was spoken in Ireland before Irish? N2 - Extract: That the Celtic languages were of the Indo-European family was first recognised by Rasmus Christian Rask (*1787), a young Danish linguist, in 1818. However, the fact that he wrote in Danish meant that his discovery was not noted by the linguistic establishment until long after his untimely death in 1832. The same conclusion was arrived at independently of Rask and, apparently, of each other, by Adolphe Pictet (1836) and Franz Bopp (1837). This agreement between the foremost scholars made possible the completion of the picture of the spread of the Indo-European languages in the extreme west of the European continent. However, in the Middle Ages the speakers of Irish had no awareness of any special relationship between Irish and the other Celtic languages, and a scholar as linguistically competent as Cormac mac Cuillennáin (†908), or whoever compiled Sanas Chormaic, treated Welsh on the same basis as Greek, Latin, and the lingua northmannorum in the elucidation of the meaning and history of Irish words. [...] Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19238 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kholtygin, A. F. T1 - Wavelets for looking for clumping in the wind of OB stars N2 - Clumping in hot-star winds : proceedings of an international workshop held in Potsdam, Germany, 18. - 22. June 2007 Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17796 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleinwächter, Kai T1 - Wasser weltweit : [Statistik] N2 - Inhalt: Zugang zu Trinkwasser Zugang zu sanitären Anlagen Erneuerbare Wasserbestände – eine Auswahl Struktur des weltweiten Wasserverbrauchs Durchschnittliches Todesalter bei Diarrhoe Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-23262 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jonda, Bernadette T1 - Wahrnehmung sozialer Probleme durch Jugendliche in Deutschland und Polen (zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts) JF - Soziale Probleme von Jugendlichen in Deutschland, Polen und Russland : Alltagserleben und Lebensperspektiven KW - Jugendforschung KW - Schulforschung KW - Kulturvergleich Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21605 SN - 978-3-939469-79-7 SP - 105 EP - 128 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baumgartner, Inken T1 - Volker Lenhart, Pädagogik der Menschenrechte [rezensiert von] Inken Baumgartner JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Lenhardt, Volker: Pädagogik der Menschenrechte / Volker Lenhart. Unter Mitarb. von Volker Druba und Katarina Batarilo. - 2., überarb. und aktualisierte Aufl. - Wiesbaden : VS, Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2006. - 254 S. : graph. Darst. ISBN: 3-531-14974-1 ; 978-3-531-14974-5 Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-37207 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 127 EP - 130 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reimer, O. A1 - Aharonian, Felix A. A1 - Hinton, J. A1 - Hofmann, W. A1 - Hoppe, S. A1 - Raue, M. A1 - Reimer, A. T1 - VHE gamma-rays from Westerlund 2 and implications for the inferred energetics N2 - The H.E.S.S. collaboration recently reported the discovery of VHE γ-ray emission coincident with the young stellar cluster Westerlund 2. This system is known to host a population of hot, massive stars, and, most particularly, the WR binary WR 20a. Particle acceleration to TeV energies in Westerlund 2 can be accomplished in several alternative scenarios, therefore we only discuss energetic constraints based on the total available kinetic energy in the system, the actual mass loss rates of respective cluster members, and implied gamma-ray production from processes such as inverse Compton scattering or neutral pion decay. From the inferred gammaray luminosity of the order of 1035erg/s, implications for the efficiency of converting available kinetic energy into non-thermal radiation associated with stellar winds in the Westerlund 2 cluster are discussed under consideration of either the presence or absence of wind clumping. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18172 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dieter, Anne T1 - Ute Meck, Selbstmordattentäter : sterben, um zu töten [rezensiert von] Anne Dieter JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Meck, Ute: Selbstmordattentäter - sterben, um zu töten : wie werden Menschen zu Selbstmordattentätern?; wie entstehen und funktionieren ihre Ideologien?; wie kann man dem Selbstmordterrorismus sinnvoll begegnen?; eine psychologische Analyse. - Frankfurt [am Main] : Verl. für Polizeiwissenschaft, 2007. - 208, LVII S. ISBN: 978-3-86676-002-8 Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-36784 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 369 EP - 371 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Romero, G. E. A1 - Owocki, S. P. A1 - Araudo, A. T. A1 - Townsend, R. H. D. A1 - Benaglia, P. T1 - Using gamma-rays to probe the clumped structure of stellar winds N2 - Gamma-rays can be produced by the interaction of a relativistic jet and the matter of the stellar wind in the subclass of massive X-ray binaries known as “microquasars”. The relativistic jet is ejected from the surroundings of the compact object and interacts with cold protons from the stellar wind, producing pions that then quickly decay into gamma-rays. Since the resulting gamma-ray emissivity depends on the target density, the detection of rapid variability in microquasars with GLAST and the new generation of Cherenkov imaging arrays could be used to probe the clumped structure of the stellar wind. In particular, we show here that the relative fluctuation in gamma rays may scale with the square root of the ratio of porosity length to binary separation, $\sqrt{h/a}$, implying for example a ca. 10% variation in gamma ray emission for a quite moderate porosity, h/a ∼ 0.01. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18210 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mazurek, Nicole T1 - Untersuchungen zur Genexpression und Differenzierung muriner embryonaler Stammzellen in vitro zur Prädiktion eines embryotoxischen Potentials ausgewählter Chemikalien T1 - Investigations for gene expression and differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells in vitro to predict the embryotoxic potential of selected chemicals N2 - Der Embryonale Stammzelltest (EST) ist ein validierter In-vitro-Embryotoxizitätstest, der zur Untersuchung embryotoxischer Wirkungen von Chemikalien eingesetzt werden kann. Während des zehntägigen Differenzierungsassays differenzieren sich die pluripotenten murinen embryonalen Stammzellen (ES-Zellen) der Linie D3 in vitro in spontan kontrahierende Herzmuskelzellen. Dabei rekapitulieren sie Prozesse der frühen Embryogenese in vivo. Ein Zytotoxizitätsassay mit D3-Zellen und ausdifferenzierten, adulten 3T3-Maus-Fibroblasten dient der Ermittlung allgemeiner zytotoxischer Effekte und unterschiedlicher Sensitivitäten beider Zelllinien. Somit basiert der EST auf den beiden wichtigsten Mechanismen pränataler Toxizität, der Störung der Differenzierung und der Zytotoxizität. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, mit Hilfe des EST das embryotoxische Potential der vier Chemikalien Trichostatin A (TSA), Methylazoxymethanolacetat (MAMac), Natriumdodecylsulfat (SDS) und Benzoesäure (BA) abzuschätzen. Dazu wurde mikroskopisch ermittelt, bei welcher Testsubstanzkonzentration in 50 % der während der In-vitro-Differenzierung gebildeten Embryonalkörperchen die Kardiomyozytendifferenzierung inhibiert wird (ID50). Außerdem wurde die halbmaximale Hemmkonzentration des Zellwachstums auf die beiden Zelllinien bestimmt (IC50D3 bzw. IC503T3). Als Erweiterung dieses konventionellen EST wurden mittels quantitativer Real Time-PCR an den Tagen 5, 7 und 10 der Differenzierung zusätzlich Genexpressionsanalysen etablierter herzmuskelspezifischer Markergene (Mesoderm Posterior 1, Tag 5; Myosin light chain 1, Tag 7 und 10) durchgeführt. Deren Expression korreliert in den ES-Zellen mit der embryonalen Herzdifferenzierung in vivo und kann zur Ermittlung der von der Prüfsubstanz hervorgerufenen halbmaximalen Hemmung der Genexpression in den Kardiomyozyten (IC50 Exp) herangezogen werden. Um letztlich embryotoxische Effekte in vivo auf Grundlage der ermittelten In-vitro-Daten abschätzen zu können, wurden die ermittelten Parameter mittels eines für den EST empirisch abgeleiteten mathematischen Prädiktionsmodells (PM) zur Klassifizierung der Testsubstanzen als nicht, schwach oder stark embryotoxisch herangezogen. Für jede der Substanzen waren die ermittelten Halbhemmkonzentrationen in den überwiegenden Fällen vergleichbar und führten unter Verwendung des PMs im konventionellen und im molekularen EST zu deren identischer Klassifizierung. TSA wurde als „stark embryotoxisch“ klassifiziert und beeinflusste insbesondere das Differenzierungspotential der ES-Zellen. Das als „schwach embryotoxisch“ klassifizierte SDS wirkte auf die D3-Zellen stärker differenzierungsinhibierend als zytotoxisch, hemmte jedoch das Wachstum der 3T3-Zellen bereits in deutlich niedrigeren Konzentrationen. MAMac und BA wurden als „nicht embryotoxisch“ klassifiziert. Bei ihnen stand die zytotoxische Wirkung deutlich im Vordergrund. Diese Prädiktionen stimmten mit In-vivo-Befunden überein, was von der Stabilität und der Brauchbarkeit der im konventionellen und molekularen EST ermittelten Parameter zeugte. Einzige Ausnahme war das als Entwicklungsneurotoxin in vivo bekannte MAMac. Da der EST auf mesodermaler Differenzierung basiert, können spezifische Effekte auf neuronale Entwicklungsprozesse offenbar nicht vollständig erfasst werden. Substanzkonzentrationen, die sich als differenzierungsinhibierend auf die morphologische Kardiomyozytendifferenzierung erwiesen haben, führten auch zu einer messbaren Repression der herzmuskelspezifischen Genexpression. Dabei erwies sich die IC50 Exp als ebenso sensitiv wie die konventionellen Parameter und als nutzbringende Ergänzung zu diesen, da sie bereits nach 5 bzw. 7 Tagen der In-vitro-Differenzierung eine mit dem mikroskopischen Parameter übereinstimmende Einschätzung des embryotoxischen Potentials der Chemikalien in vivo ermöglichte. Genexpressionsanalysen weiterer differenzierungsspezifischer Gene können zusätzlich zur Aufklärung zu Grunde liegender Mechanismen der Embryotoxizität von Testsubstanzen dienen. Somit kann der EST durch die Vorteile der Stammzelltechnologie und der Genexpressionsanalyse als neues prädiktives Screening-Instrument zur frühzeitigen Detektion embryotoxischer Substanzeffekte in der pharmazeutischen und chemischen Industrie genutzt werden. N2 - The embryonic stem cell test (EST) represents a validated in vitro embryotoxicity test that can be utilised for investigations of embryotoxic effects of chemical substances. During the 10-day differentiation assay the pluripotent murine embryonic stem cells (ES cells) of the D3 line differentiate in vitro into spontaneously beating cardiac muscle cells that can be observed microscopically. Thereby, ES cells recapitulate processes of early embryogenesis in vivo. A cytotoxicity assay with D3 cells as well as differentiated, adult 3T3 mouse fibroblasts is used to determine general cytotoxic effects and to consider differences in the sensitivity of both cell lines. Hence the EST is based on the two most important mechanisms of prenatal toxicity, such as inhibition of differentiation and cytotoxicity. The aim of the presented work consisted in the evaluation of the embryotoxic potential of the four chemicals trichostatin A (TSA), methylazoxymethanolacetate (MAMac), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and benzoic acid (BA) by means of the EST. For this purpose the concentration of the test substance that causes an inhibition of cardiomyocyte differentiation in 50 % of the embryoid bodies which are formed during the in vitro differentiation (ID50-value) and the halfmaximal inhibiting concentration of cell proliferation of D3 and 3T3 cell lines (IC50D3 and IC503T3) were determined. As extension of this conventional EST, the effect of test substances was investigated at the molecular level by gene expression analyses of cardiac specific genes (Mesoderm Posterior 1, day 5; Myosin light chain 1, day 7 and 10). Their expression in ES cells correlates with the embryonic heart differentiation in vivo. Quantitative Real Time-PCR gene expression analysis was used to determine the halfmaximal inhibition of the cardiomyocyte gene expression (IC50 Exp) caused by the test compound. To predict embryotoxic effects in vivo from the determined in vitro data, these parameters were used for the classification of the test chemicals as non, weak or strong embryotoxic via a mathematical prediction model (PM). In the majority of cases comparable halfmaximal inhibiting concentrations were calculated in the conventional and molecular EST that resulted in the identical classification of the tested chemicals concerning their embryotoxic potential. TSA was estimated as “strongly embryotoxic” and affected particularly the differentiation potential of the ES cells. SDS was classified as “weakly embryotoxic” and acted by inhibiting the differentiation of D3 cells at concentrations lower than cytotoxic concentrations but already repressed the growth of the 3T3 cells in significantly lower ranges. As to MAMac and BA that were classified as “non-embryotoxic” the cytotoxic effects on both cell lines predominated. These predictions were consistent with in vivo findings that testifies the stability and the usefulness of the parameters used in the conventional and molecular EST. MAMac, which is known as a developmental neurotoxin in vivo, represented the single exception. Its misclassification as compared to in vivo data may originate from the limitations of the model system that is based on mesodermal differentiation. Thus, specific effects on neuronal developmental processes obviously cannot be detected completely. Gene expression analysis showed that test substance concentrations which were proved to be inhibiting on the morphological differentiation of cardiomyocytes caused a repression of cardiac-specific marker gene expression as well. Thereby, IC50 Exp-values proved to be just as sensitive as the conventional parameters and can provide valuable and supportive data. They allowed a prediction of the embryotoxic potential of the chemicals in vivo already at day 5 and day 7 of in vitro differentiation. Moreover, gene expression analysis of appropriate differentiation specific genes could be used to investigate mechanisms that are responsible for embryotoxic properties of the test compounds. Thus, the EST is considered to represent a new, predictive screening test especially in the pharmaceutical industry to detect the embryotoxic potential of chemical compounds early in the process of compound development. KW - Embryonaler Stammzelltest (EST) KW - D3-Zellen KW - Differenzierungsassay KW - Zytotoxizitätsassay KW - Genexpressionsanalysen (qRT-PCR) KW - embryonic stem cell test (EST) KW - D3 cells KW - differentiation assay KW - cytotoxicity assay KW - gene expression analysis (qRT-PCR) Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68912 ER - TY - THES A1 - Voß, Anja T1 - Untersuchung und Modellierung der Stickstoff- und Phosphorumsatz- und Transportprozesse in mesoskaligen Einzugsgebieten des Tieflandes am Beispiel von Nuthe, Hammerfließ und Stepenitz T1 - Analysis and modelling of nitrogen and phosphorus transformation and transport processes in the mesoscale lowland basins Nuthe, Hammerfließ, and Stepenitz N2 - Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Stickstoff- und Phosphorprozesse im nordostdeutschen Tiefland detailliert zu untersuchen und Handlungsoptionen hinsichtlich der Landnutzung zur nachhaltigen Steuerung der Stickstoff- und Phosphoreinträge in die Fließgewässer aufzuzeigen. Als Grundvoraussetzung für die Modellierung des Nährstoffhaushaltes mussten zunächst die hydrologischen Prozesse und die Abflüsse für die Einzugsgebiete validiert werden. Dafür wurde in dieser Arbeit das ökohydrologische Modell SWIM verwendet. Die Abflussmodellierung umfasste den Zeitraum 1991 - 2000. Die Ergebnisse dazu zeigen, dass SWIM in der Lage war, die hydrologischen Prozesse in den Untersuchungsgebieten adäquat wiederzugeben. Auf der Grundlage der Modellierung des Wasserhaushaltes wurden mit SWIM die Stoffumsatzprozesse für den Zeitraum 1996 - 2000 simuliert. Um dabei besonders das Prozessgeschehen im Tiefland zu berücksichtigen, war die Erweiterung von SWIM um einen Ammonium-Pool mit dessen Umsatzprozessen erforderlich. Außerdem wurde der Prozess der Nährstoffversickerung so ergänzt, dass neben Nitrat auch Ammonium und Phosphat durch das gesamte Bodenprofil verlagert und über die Abflusskomponenten zum Gebietsauslass transportiert werden können. Mit diesen Modellerweiterungen konnten die Stickstoff und Phosphorprozesse in den Untersuchungsgebieten gut abgebildet werden. Mit dem so validierten Modell wurden weitere Anwendungen ermöglicht. Nährstoffsimulationen für den Zeitraum 1981 bis 2000 dienten der Untersuchung des abnehmenden Trends in den Nährstoffkonzentrationen der Nuthe. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse lassen deutlich erkennen, dass sich die Konzentrationen nach 1990 hauptsächlich auf Grund der Reduzierung der Einträge aus punktförmigen Quellen und Rieselfeldern verringert haben. Weitere Modellrechnungen zur Herkunft der Nährstoffe haben ergeben, dass Nitrat überwiegend aus diffusen Quellen, Ammonium und Phosphat dagegen aus punktförmigen Quellen stammen. Als besonders sensitiv auf die Modellergebnisse haben sich die Parameter zu Landnutzung und -management und die Durchwurzelungstiefe der Pflanzen herausgestellt. Abschließend wurden verschiedene Landnutzungsszenarien angewendet. Die Ergebnisse zu den Szenariorechnungen zeigen, dass fast alle vorgegebenen Landnutzungsszenarien zu einer Verringerung der Stickstoff- bzw. Phosphoremissionen führten. Die Anwendung von Szenarien, die alle relevanten Zielvorgaben und Empfehlungen zum Ressourcenschutz berücksichtigen, zeigen die größten Veränderungen. N2 - The main objective of this study was to investigate the nitrogen and phosphorus processes in the north-eastern German lowlands and to suggest sustainable management options concerning land use that could lead to a reduction in nitrogen and phosphorous emissions into the river network. In order to fulfil the basic requirements of water quality modelling on river basin scale, the hydrological processes had to be validated first. For this purpose the ecohydrological model SWIM was used. The simulations were carried out on a daily time step within the period 1991 - 2000. The results have shown that SWIM was able to reproduce adequately the hydrological processes within all investigation areas. Based on these hydrological simulations the nutrient processes were modelled with SWIM for the time period 1996 - 2000. It became obvious that the modelling approaches within SWIM, especially concerning the nutrient cycling processes in lowland watersheds, had to be modified. Thus, an ammonium pool including its transformations processes was added. In addition, leaching not only of nitrate but also of ammonium and phosphate throughout the whole soil profile is now possible. Thus all nutrients can be transported to the outlet of the watersheds by the flow components. It could be shown that with these modifications the model was able to reproduce well the nitrogen and phosphorus processes in the research areas. With the validated model further applications were enabled. In order to investigate the reason for the decreasing trend in the nutrient concentrations in the Nuthe River, nutrient simulations were performed for the period 1981 - 2000. The results show that the concentrations after 1990 have decreased mainly because of the reduction of emissions from point sources and sewage fields. Further simulations in order to gain more information about the different nutrient sources showed that nitrate basically originates from diffuse sources and ammonium as well as phosphorus from point sources. Especially parameters related to land use and management as well as the root depth of plants turned out to be very sensitive to model results. Concluding, different land use change scenarios were adapted. The calculation results demonstrate that almost all provided scenarios lead to a reduction in the emission rates. Applying those scenarios which consider all relevant aims and recommendations concerning the protection of resources the highest changing rates could be achieved. KW - Wasserqualität KW - Modellierung KW - Nährstoffe KW - diffuse Belastung KW - Landnutzung KW - water quality KW - modeling KW - nutrients KW - diffuse pollution KW - land use Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-15481 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Häcker, Susanne T1 - Universität und Krieg : die Auswirkungen des Dreißigjährigen Krieges auf die Universitäten Heidelberg, Tübingen und Freiburg BT - (Dissertationsprojekt, Universität Tübingen) JF - Militär und Gesellschaft in der frühen Neuzeit N2 - Behandelte Themen sind: Auswirkungen auf die Professorenschaft; Auswirkungen des Krieges auf die Studentenschaft und die Immatrikulationszahlen; Wirtschaftliche Auswirkungen Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21232 SN - 1861-910X SN - 1617-9722 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 163 EP - 173 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riemer, Nathanael T1 - Unbekannte Bearbeitungen des Maassebuches T1 - Unknown adaptations of the Maassebook (Maassebukh) N2 - Der Artikel setzt sich mit den Erzählungen des Maassebuches auseinander, welche der Universalgelehrte Johann Christian Schöttgen (1687-1751) in seiner Zeitschrift "Der Rabbiner" publiziert. In seiner Auseinandersetzung mit der jiddischen Literatur befindet sich Schöttgen in einer Reihe mit anderen christlichen Hebraisten, wie zum Beispiel Christoph Helwig (Helvicus, 1581-1617) und Johann Christian Wagenseil (1633-1705). N2 - The article deals with the stories of the Maasebook, which printed in the journal "Der Rabbiner" by the scholar Johann Christian Schoettgen (1687-1751). In his work on the Yiddish literature Schoettgen ranks with other Christian Hebraists like Christoph Helwig (Helvicus, 1581-1617) and Johann Christian Wagenseil (1633-1705). T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe - 23 KW - Maassebuch KW - Maassebukh KW - Johann Christian Schöttgen KW - Hebraist KW - Jiddische Literatur KW - Maassebook KW - Maysebukh KW - Maysebook KW - Johann Christian Schoettgen KW - Christian hebraist KW - Yiddish literature Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-27623 SN - 1866-8380 ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Umweltdaten aus Brandenburg BT - Bericht 2007 KW - Brandenburg KW - Umweltschutz KW - Öffentlichkeitsarbeit Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-224 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lipke, Katrin A1 - Zitzmann, Max A1 - Amberger, Manuel A1 - Ehlert, Carsten A1 - Rößler, Dirk A1 - Krüger, Frank A1 - Ohrnberger, Matthias T1 - Traveltime residuals at regional and teleseismic distances for SE-Asia N2 - Traveltime residuals for worldwide seismic stations are calculated. We use P and S waves from earthquakes in SE-Asia at teleseismic and regional distances. The obtained station residuals help to enhance earthquake localisation. Furthermore we calculated regional source dependent station residuals. They show a systematic dependence of the locality of the source. These source dependent residuals reflect heterogenities along the path and can be used for a refinement of earthquake localisation. N2 - Laufzeitresiduen für weltweite seismische Stationen werden berechnet. Wir nutzen P - und S-Wellen von Erdbeben in Südostasien in teleseismischen und regionalen Distanzen. Die so erhaltenen Stationsresiduen helfen, die Lokaliesierung von Erdbeben zu verbessern. Außerdem berechnen wir regional quellabhängige Stationsresiduen. Diese zeigen eine systematische Abhänbgigkeit vom Ort der Quelle. Sie spiegeln Heterogenitäten entlang des Strahlweges wieder und können für eine Verfeinerung der Ersbebenlokaliesierung genutzt werden. KW - Seismologie KW - Südostasien KW - Laufzeitresiduen KW - GITEWS KW - Wellengeschwindigkeiten KW - seismology KW - Southeast Asia KW - traveltime KW - residuals KW - GITEWS Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-14117 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rodriguez, José Ángel T1 - Tras las huellas de Humboldt BT - Realidades y fantasía de la naturaleza venezolana en el siglo XIX JF - Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies N2 - Esta contribución analiza la estela de influencia dejada por la obra escrita de Alexander von Humboldt en Venezuela. Su recorrido científico expuesto en su obra Viaje a las regiones equinocciales del Nuevo Continente se convirtió en fuente de consulta e inspiración para otros viajeros que, por razones diversas, recorrieron el país a lo largo del siglo XIX. No fueron pocos los visitantes decimonónicos, alemanes y de otras nacionalidades, que tomaron la obra de Humboldt como una referencia para enfrentar los nuevos paisajes que tenían como objetivo visitar. Se destaca especialmente los casos de los alemanes Louis Glöckler, Friedrich Gerstäcker y Carl Geldner, así como del húngaro Pál Rosti. Hubo, en definitiva, viajeros que vinieron a observar lo que ya el sabio alemán había visto con anterioridad, destacando los prodigios de la naturaleza venezolana, tanto por vía de la escritura como de la pintura y la fotografía. KW - 1814-1831 KW - Friedrich Gerstäcker KW - Louis Glöckler KW - Pál Rosti KW - Relation historique KW - Venezuela Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41701 SN - 2568-3543 SN - 1617-5239 VL - VIII IS - 15 SP - 49 EP - 58 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Najarro, F. A1 - Puls, Joachim A1 - Herrero, A. A1 - Hanson, M. M. A1 - Martín-Pintado, J. A1 - Hillier, D. J. T1 - Tracking the Clumping in OB Stars from UV to radio N2 - We review different line and continua diagnostics from the UV to radio, which can be utilized to simultaneously constrain the clumping structure throughout the stellar wind of massive OB stars. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17701 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kiss, Katalin É. T1 - Topic and focus BT - two structural positions associated with logical functions in the left periphery of the Hungarian Sentence N2 - The paper explicates the notions of topic, contrastive topic, and focus as used in the analysis of Hungarian. Based on distributional criteria, topic and focus are claimed to represent distinct structural positions in the left periphery of the Hungarian sentence, associated with logical rather than discourse functions. The topic is interpreted as the logical subject of predication. The focus is analyzed as a derived main predicate, specifying the referential content of the set denoted by the backgrounded post-focus section of the sentence. The exhaustivity associated with the focus and the existential presupposition associated with the background are shown to be properties following from their specificational predication relation. KW - topic KW - focus KW - contrastive topic KW - exhaustive identification Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19639 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Speck, Kersten A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Seidel, Andreas T1 - Theorie-Praxis-Verhältnis in der zweiten Phase der Lehrerbildung BT - empirische Befunde und theoretische Implikationen JF - LLF-Berichte Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21447 SN - 978-3-939469-60-5 SN - 0945-294X IS - 22 SP - 5 EP - 26 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarz, Anne T1 - The particles lé and lá in the grammar of Konkomba N2 - The paper investigates focus marking devices in the scarcely documented North-Ghanaian Gur language Konkomba. The two particles lé and lá occur under specific focus conditions and are therefore regarded as focus markers in the sparse literature. Comparing the distribution and obligatoriness of both alleged focus markers however, I show that one of the particles, lé, is better analyzed as a connective particle, i.e. as a syntactic rather than as a genuine pragmatic marker, and that comparable syntactic focus marking strategies for sentence-initial constituents are also known from related languages. KW - morphological focus marking KW - syntactic focus marking KW - conjunction KW - topic-comment KW - Konkomba Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19449 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hinterwimmer, Stefan T1 - The interpretation of Universally Quantified DPs and singular definites in adverbially quantified sentences N2 - This paper deals with the conditions under which singular definites, on the one hand, and universally quantified DPs, on the other hand, receive interpretations according to which the sets denoted by the NP-complements of the respective determiner vary with the situations quantified over by a Q-adverb. I show that in both cases such interpretations depend on the availability of situation predicates that are compatible with the presuppositions associated with the respective determiner, as co-variation in both cases comes about via the binding of a covert situation variable that is contained within the NP-complement of the respective determiner. Secondly, I offer an account for the observation that the availability of a co-varying interpretation is more constrained in the case of universally quantified DPs than in the case of singular definites, as far as word order is concerned. This is shown to follow from the fact that co-varying definites in contrast to universally quantified DPs are inherently focus-marked. KW - adverbial quantification KW - definites KW - universal quantifiers KW - situation variables KW - reconstruction Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19401 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krtička, Jiri A1 - Puls, Joachim A1 - Kubát, Jiří T1 - The influence of clumping on predicted O star wind parameters N2 - We study the influence of clumping on the predicted wind structure of O-type stars. For this purpose we artificially include clumping into our stationary wind models. When the clumps are assumed to be optically thin, the radiative line force increases compared to corresponding unclumped models, with a similar effect on either the mass-loss rate or the terminal velocity (depending on the onset of clumping). Optically thick clumps, alternatively, might be able to decrease the radiative force. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17969 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hirschi, Raphael T1 - The impact of reduced mass loss rates on the evolution of massive stars N2 - Mass loss is a very important aspect of the life of massive stars. After briefly reviewing its importance, we discuss the impact of the recently proposed downward revision of mass loss rates due to clumping (difficulty to form Wolf-Rayet stars and production of critically rotating stars). Although a small reduction might be allowed, large reduction factors around ten are disfavoured. We then discuss the possibility of significant mass loss at very low metallicity due to stars reaching break-up velocities and especially due to the metal enrichment of the surface of the star via rotational and convective mixing. This significant mass loss may help the first very massive stars avoid the fate of pair-creation supernova, the chemical signature of which is not observed in extremely metal poor stars. The chemical composition of the very low metallicity winds is very similar to that of the most metal poor star known to date, HE1327-2326 and offer an interesting explanation for the origin of the metals in this star. We also discuss the importance of mass loss in the context of long and soft gamma-ray bursts and pair-creation supernovae. Finally, we would like to stress that mass loss in cooler parts of the HR-diagram (luminous blue variable and yellow and red supergiant stages) are much more uncertain than in the hot part. More work needs to be done in these areas to better constrain the evolution of the most massive stars. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17616 ER - TY - THES A1 - Wasiolka, Bernd T1 - The impact of overgrazing on reptile diversity and population dynamics of Pedioplanis l. lineoocellata in the southern Kalahari T1 - Der Einfluss von Überweidung auf Reptiliendiversität und die Poplationsdynamik von Pedioplanis l. lineoocellata in der südlichen Kalahari N2 - Die Vegetationskomposition und –struktur, beispielsweise die unterschiedliche Architektur von Bäumen, Sträuchern, Gräsern und Kräutern, bietet ein großes Spektrum an Habitaten und Nischen, die wiederum eine hohe Tierdiversität in den Savannensystemen des südlichen Afrikas ermöglichen. Dieses Ökosystem wurde jedoch über Jahrzehnte weltweit durch intensive anthropogene Landnutzung (z.B. Viehwirtschaft) nachhaltig verändert. Dabei wurden die Zusammensetzung, Diversität und Struktur der Vegetation stark verändert. Überweidung in Savannensystemen führt zu einer Degradation des Habitates einhergehend mit dem Verlust von perennierenden Gräsern und krautiger Vegetation. Dies führt zu einem Anstieg an vegetationsfreien Bodenflächen. Beides, sowohl der Verlust an perennierenden Gräsern und krautiger Vegetation sowie der Anstieg an vegetationsfreien Flächen führt zu verbesserten Etablierungsbedingungen für Sträucher (z.B. Rhigozum trichotomum, Acacia mellifera) und auf lange Sicht zu stark verbuschten Flächen. Die Tierdiversität in Savannen ist hiervon entscheidend beeinflusst. Mit sinkender struktureller Diversität verringert sich auch die Tierdiversität. Während der Einfluss von Überweidung auf die Vegetation relativ gut untersucht ist sind Informationen über den Einfluss von Überweidung auf die Tierdiversität, speziell für Reptilien, eher spärlich vorhanden. Zusätzlich ist sehr wenig bekannt zum Einfluss auf die Populationsdynamik (z.B. Verhaltensanpassungen, Raumnutzung, Überlebensrate, Sterberate) einzelner Reptilienarten. Ziel meiner Doktorarbeit ist es den Einfluss von Überweidung durch kommerzielle Farmnutzung auf die Reptiliengemeinschaft und auf verschiedene Aspekte der Populationsdynamik der Echse Pedioplanis lineoocellata lineoocellata zu untersuchen. Hinsichtlich bestimmter Naturschutzmaßnahmen ist es einerseits wichtig zu verstehen welchen Auswirkungen Überweidung auf die gesamte Reptiliengemeinschaft hat. Und zum anderen wie entscheidende Faktoren der Populationsdynamik beeinflusst werden. Beides führt zu einem besseren Verständnis der Reaktion von Reptilien auf Habitatdegradation zu erlangen. Die Ergebnisse meiner Doktorarbeit zeigen eindeutig einen negativen Einfluss der Überweidung und der daraus resultierende Habitatdegradation auf (1) die gesamte Reptiliengemeinschaft und (2) auf einzelne Aspekte der Populationsdynamik von P. lineoocellata. Im Teil 1 wird die signifikante Reduzierung der Reptiliendiversität und Abundanz in degradierten Habitaten beschrieben. Im zweiten Teil wird gezeigt, dass P. lineoocellata das Verhalten an die verschlechterten Lebensbedingungen anpassen kann. Die Art bewegt sich sowohl häufiger als auch über einen längeren Zeitraum und legt dabei größere Distanzen zurück. Zusätzlich vergrößerte die Art ihr Revier (home range) (Teil 3). Im abschließenden Teil wird der negative Einfluss von Überweidung auf die Populationsdynamik von P. lineoocellata beschrieben: In degradierten Habitaten nimmt die Populationsgröße von adulten und juvenilen Echsen ab, die Überlebens- und Geburtenrate sinken, währen zusätzlich das Prädationsrisiko ansteigt. Verantwortlich hierfür ist zum einen die ebenfalls reduzierte Nahrungsverfügbarkeit (Arthropoden) auf degradierten Flächen. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die Populationsgröße abnimmt und die Fitness der Individuen verringert wird, welches sich durch eine Reduzierung der Überlebens- und Geburtenrate bemerkbar macht. Und zum anderen ist es die Reduzierung der Vegetationsbedeckung und der Rückgang an perennierenden Gräsern welche sich negativ auswirken. Als Konsequenz hiervon gehen Nischen und Mikrohabitate verloren und die Möglichkeiten der Reptilien zur Thermoregulation sind verringert. Des Weiteren hat dieser Verlust an perennierender Grasbedeckung auch ein erhöhtes Prädationsrisikos zur Folge. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass nicht nur Bäume und Sträucher, wie in anderen Studien gezeigt, eine bedeutende Rolle für die Diversität spielen, sondern auch das perennierende Gras eine wichtige Rolle für die Faunendiversität spielt. Weiterhin zeigte sich, dass Habitatdegradation nicht nur die Population als gesamtes beeinflusst, sondern auch das Verhalten und Populationsparameter einzelner Arten. Des Weiteren ist es Reptilien möglich durch Verhaltensflexibilität auf verschlechterte Umweltbedingen zu reagieren. N2 - In semi-arid savannah ecosystems, the vegetation structure and composition, i.e. the architecture of trees, shrubs, grass tussocks and herbaceous plants, offer a great variety of habitats and niches to sustain animal diversity. In the last decades intensive human land use practises like livestock farming have altered the vegetation in savannah ecosystems worldwide. Extensive grazing leads to a reduction of the perennial and herbaceous vegetation cover, which results in an increased availability of bare soil. Both, the missing competition with perennial grasses and the increase of bare soils favour shrub on open ground and lead to area-wide shrub encroachment. As a consequence of the altered vegetation structure and composition, the structural diversity declines. It has been shown that with decreasing structural diversity animal diversity decline across a variety of taxa. Knowledge on the effects of overgrazing on reptiles, which are an important part of the ecosystem, are missing. Furthermore, the impact of habitat degradation on factors of a species population dynamic and life history, e.g., birth rate, survival rate, predation risk, space requirements or behavioural adaptations are poorly known. Therefore, I investigated the impact of overgrazing on the reptile community in the southern Kalahari. Secondly I analysed population dynamics and the behaviour of the Spotted Sand Lizard, Pedioplanis l. lineoocellata. All four chapters clearly demonstrate that habitat degradation caused by overgrazing had a severe negative impact upon (i) the reptile community as a whole and (ii) on population parameters of Pedioplanis l. lineoocellata. Chapter one showed a significant decline of regional reptile diversity and abundance in degraded habitats. In chapter two I demonstrated that P. lineoocellata moves more frequently, spends more time moving and covers larger distances in degraded than in non-degraded habitats. In addition, home range size of the lizard species increases in degraded habitats as shown by chapter three. Finally, chapter four showed the negative impacts of overgrazing on several population parameters of P. lineoocellata. Absolute population size of adult and juvenile lizards, survival rate and birth rate are significantly lower in degraded habitats. Furthermore, the predation risk was greatly increased in degraded habitats. A combination of a variety of aspects can explain the negative impact of habitat degradation on reptiles. First, reduced prey availability negatively affects survival rate, the birth rate and overall abundance. Second, the loss of perennial plant cover leads to a loss of niches and to a reduction of opportunities to thermoregulate. Furthermore, a loss of cover and is associated with increased predation risk. A major finding of my thesis is that the lizard P. lineoocellata can alter its foraging strategy. Species that are able to adapt and change behaviour, such as P. lineoocellata can effectively buffer against changes in their environment. Furthermore, perennial grass cover can be seen as a crucial ecological component of the vegetation in the semi-arid savannah system of the southern Kalahari. If perennial grass cover is reduced to a certain degree reptile diversity will decline and most other aspects of reptile life history will be negatively influenced. Savannah systems are characterised by a mixture of trees, shrubs and perennial grasses. These three vegetation components determine the composition and structure of the vegetation and accordingly influence the faunal diversity. Trees are viewed as keystone structures and focal points of animal activity for a variety of species. Trees supply animals with shelter, shade and food and act as safe sites, nesting sites, observation posts and foraging sites. Recent research demonstrates a positive influence of shrub patches on animal diversity. Moreover, it would seem that intermediate shrub cover can also sustain viable populations in savannah landscapes as has been demonstrated for small carnivores and rodent species. The influence of perennial grasses on faunal diversity did not receive the same attention as the influence of trees and shrubs. In my thesis I didn’t explicitly measure the direct effects of perennial grasses but my results strongly imply that it has an important role. If the perennial grass cover is significantly depleted my results suggest it will negatively influence reptile diversity and abundance and on several populations parameters of P. lineoocellata. Perennial grass cover is associated with the highest prey abundance, reptile diversity and reptile abundance. It provides reptiles both a refuge from predators and opportunities to optimise thermoregulation. The relevance of each of the three vegetation structural elements is different for each taxa and species. In conclusion, I can all three major vegetation structures in the savannah system are important for faunal diversity. KW - Shrub encroachment KW - overgrazing KW - biodiversity KW - reptiles Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16611 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mac Mathúna, Liam T1 - The growth of Irish (L1) : English (L2) Literary Code-mixing, 1600-1900: contexts, genres and realisations N2 - Extract: [...]Intriguing as they undoubtedly are, the early sixteenth-century lists of books in the Earl of Kildare’s library may well have inadvertently helped to lull scholars into visualising a rather idealised picture of language balance in multilingual late medieval Ireland. The lists reflect a society in which the four languages, Irish, English, Latin and French, vied as scholarly media and where the outcome in the Earl’s library was a four-way photo-finish. The number of volumes in each of the languages was recorded as follows: Latin, 34; French, 35; English, 22; Irish, 20 (Mac Niocaill 1992: 312-314). But of course the multilingual contact situation in Ireland had always been quite dynamic, both at vernacular and at scholarly levels, following the Anglo-Norman invasion of 1169. Although French continued to be employed in official documents into the second half of the 15th century, it had already ceded its vernacular role to English in the towns of the colonists prior to the drawing up of the Statutes of Kilkenny in 1366. These Statutes, composed in Norman-French, the primary language of English law at the time, provide an earlier snapshot of the language situation within the areas under English jurisdiction, as they sought to compel the colonists to desist from adopting Irish as a community vernacular. Ironically, no mention is made of Norman-French in the Statutes themselves. It is clear that what was at issue was a contest for supremacy between Irish and English as the principal vernacular among the colonists.[...] Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19286 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lattemann, Christoph A1 - Kupke, Sören A1 - Stieglitz, Stefan A1 - Fetscherin, Marc T1 - The governance of virtual corporations N2 - The concept of the virtual corporation (VC), which describes a modern form of collaboration among organizations, was introduced in the scientific discussion in the mid 1990th. The practice shows that VCs need new forms of governance because the traditional mechanisms of control, management, and steering are hardly applicable. Until now there is only a few research related to the question how to govern VC. The main problems to govern a VC are to coordinate the communication among dispersed partners and to motivate employees to actively involve themselves into the network. Open source projects are confronted with similar problems. As several governance mechanisms are already analyzed in this context, the authors analyze and adopt governance concepts from open source projects to extract a governance framework for virtual corporations. This new approach leads to innovative insights in governing virtual corporations by using community techniques as an appropriate way for communication and collaboration purposes. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 016 KW - virtual corporation KW - governance Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19988 SN - 1867-5808 ER - TY - INPR A1 - Chen, Hua A1 - Li, Ke T1 - The existence and regularity of multiple solutions for a class of infinitely degenerate elliptic equations N2 - Let X = (X1,.....,Xm) be an infinitely degenerate system of vector fields, we study the existence and regularity of multiple solutions of Dirichelt problem for a class of semi-linear infinitely degenerate elliptic operators associated with the sum of square operator Δx = ∑m(j=1) Xj* Xj. T3 - Preprint - (2007) 03 KW - degenerate elliptic equations KW - Logarithmic Sobolev inequality Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-30247 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Massa, D. L. A1 - Prinja, R. K. A1 - Fullerton, A. W. T1 - The effects of clumping on wind line variability N2 - We review the effects of clumping on the profiles of resonance doublets. By allowing the ratio of the doublet oscillator strenghts to be a free parameter, we demonstrate that doublet profiles contain more information than is normally utilized. In clumped (or porous) winds, this ratio can lies between unity and the ratio of the f-values, and can change as a function of velocity and time, depending on the fraction of the stellar disk that is covered by material moving at a particular velocity at a given moment. Using these insights, we present the results of SEI modeling of a sample of B supergiants, ζ Pup and a time series for a star whose terminal velocity is low enough to make the components of its Si VIλλ1400 independent. These results are interpreted within the framewrok of the Oskinova et al. (2007) model, and demonstrate how the doublet profiles can be used to extract infromation about wind structure. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18095 ER - TY - CHAP ED - Kurths, Jürgen ED - Fradkov, Alexander ED - Chen, Guanrong T1 - The 3rd international IEEE scientific conference on physics and control (PhysCon 2007) : September 3rd-7th 2007 at the University of Potsdam N2 - During the last few years there was a tremendous growth of scientific activities in the fields related to both Physics and Control theory: nonlinear dynamics, micro- and nanotechnologies, self-organization and complexity, etc. New horizons were opened and new exciting applications emerged. Experts with different backgrounds starting to work together need more opportunities for information exchange to improve mutual understanding and cooperation. The Conference "Physics and Control 2007" is the third international conference focusing on the borderland between Physics and Control with emphasis on both theory and applications. With its 2007 address at Potsdam, Germany, the conference is located for the first time outside of Russia. The major goal of the Conference is to bring together researchers from different scientific communities and to gain some general and unified perspectives in the studies of controlled systems in physics, engineering, chemistry, biology and other natural sciences. We hope that the Conference helps experts in control theory to get acquainted with new interesting problems, and helps experts in physics and related fields to know more about ideas and tools from the modern control theory. KW - nonlinear dynamics KW - micro- and nanotechnologies KW - self-organization KW - complexity Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-15228 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Townsend, R. H. D. T1 - Techniques for simulating radiative transfer through porous media N2 - In this contribution, I discuss some basic techniques that can be used to simulate radiative transfer through porous media. As specific examples, I consider scattering transfer through a clumped slab, and X-ray emission line formation in a clumped wind. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17866 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fay, Doris A1 - Guillaume, Yves R. F. T1 - Team diversity N2 - Team diversity refers to the differences between team members on any attribute that may lead each single member of the group to perceive any other member of the group as being different from the self of this particular member. These attributes and perceptions refer to all dimensions people can differ on, such as age, gender, ethnicity, religious and functional background, personality, skills, abilities, beliefs, and attitudes. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 029 KW - Diversity KW - Information Processing KW - Social Identity Theory KW - Team Composition KW - Team Development Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18295 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Voigts, Manfred T1 - Tazuko Takebayashi, Zwischen den Kulturen, Deutsches, Tschechisches und Jüdisches in der deutschsprachigen Literatur aus Prag / [rezensiert von] Manfred Voigts JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Takebayashi, Tazuko: Zwischen den Kulturen : Deutsches, Tschechisches und Jüdisches in der deutschsprachigen Literatur aus Prag ; ein Beitrag zur xenologischen Literaturforschung interkultureller Germanistik / Tazuko Takebayashi. - Hildesheim [u.a.]: Olms, 2005. - 274 S. : Ill., Kt.- (Echo ; Bd. 8) Zugl.: Bayreuth, Univ., Diss., 2005 ISBN 3-487-12945-0 Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22504 SN - 1862-7684 SN - 1614-6492 IS - 13 SP - 174 EP - 176 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Tackling investment challenges in power generation BT - In IEA countries KW - Energieerzeugung KW - Investitionspolitik KW - Nachhaltigkeit Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-70 SN - 978-92-64-03007-7 PB - OECD/IEA CY - Paris ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heide, Günther T1 - Sönke C. Weiss, Das Mädchen und der Krieg : die Geschichte einer Kindersoldatin [rezensiert von] Günther Heide JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Sönke C. Weiss, Das Mädchen und der Krieg : die Geschichte einer Kindersoldatin. - Moers : Brendow, 2006, 141 S. ISBN 3-86506-149-4 Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-36966 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 267 EP - 269 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hickey, Raymond T1 - Syntax and prosody in language contact and shift N2 - Extract: [...]It is true that scholars concentrate on a certain linguistic level in order to reach the greatest depth in their research. But this general stance should not lead to a complete neglect of other levels. When considering a multi-level phenomenon such as language contact and shift, concentration on a single linguistic level can have the unintended and unfortunate consequence of missing linguistically significant generalisations. This is especially true of the main division of linguistic research into a phonological and a grammatical camp, where syntacticians miss phonological generalisations and phonologists syntactic ones. In the present paper the interrelationship of syntax and prosody is investigated with a view to explaining how and why certain transfer structures from Irish became established in Irish English. In this context, the consideration of prosody can be helpful in explaining the precise form of transfer structures in the target variety, here vernacular Irish English. The data for the investigation will consider well-known features of this variety, such as unbound reflexives, non-standard comparatives and tag questions. Furthermore, the paper points out that, taking prosodic patterns into account, can help in extrapolating from individual transfer to the community- wide establishment of transfer structures. In sum, prosody is an essential element in any holistic account of language contact and shift.[...] Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19300 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blaszczak, Joanna A1 - Dipper, Stefanie A1 - Fanselow, Gisbert A1 - Ishihara, Shinishiro A1 - Petrova, Svetlana A1 - Skopeteas, Stavros A1 - Weskott, Thomas A1 - Zimmermann, Malte T1 - Syntax JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS N2 - The guidelines for syntactic annotation contain the layers that are especially relevant for queries related to the interaction of information structure with syntax. The layers of this level are constituent structure, grammatical functions, and semantic roles. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22253 SN - 1614-4708 SN - 1866-4725 IS - 7 SP - 95 EP - 133 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dambacher, Michael A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold T1 - Synchronizing timelines: Relations between fixation durations and N400 amplitudes during sentence reading N2 - We examined relations between eye movements (single-fixation durations) and RSVP-based event-related potentials (ERPs; N400’s) recorded during reading the same sentences in two independent experiments. Longer fixation durations correlated with larger N400 amplitudes. Word frequency and predictability of the fixated word as well as the predictability of the upcoming word accounted for this covariance in a path-analytic model. Moreover, larger N400 amplitudes entailed longer fixation durations on the next word, a relation accounted for by word frequency. This pattern offers a neurophysiological correlate for the lag-word frequency effect on fixation durations: Word processing is reliably expressed not only in fixation durations on currently fixated words, but also in those on subsequently fixated words. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 262 KW - sentence reading KW - eye-movements KW - fixation durations KW - rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) KW - event-related potentials (ERP) KW - N400 KW - path analysis Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57212 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wendland, Mirko T1 - Studierbarkeit im Einstiegsbereich des Lehramtsstudiums der Universität Potsdam JF - LLF-Berichte Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21463 SN - 978-3-939469-60-5 SN - 0945-294X IS - 22 SP - 67 EP - 76 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Prinja, R. K. A1 - Hodges, S. E. A1 - Massa, D. L. A1 - Fullerton, A. W. A1 - Burnley, A. W. T1 - Structure in the fast wind of NGC6543 N2 - We exploit time-series $FUSE$ spectroscopy to {\it uniquely} probe spatial structure and clumping in the fast wind of the central star of the H-rich planetary nebula NGC~6543 (HD~164963). Episodic and recurrent optical depth enhancements are discovered in the P{\sc v} absorption troughs, with some evidence for a $\sim$ 0.17-day modulation time-scale. The characteristics of these features are essentially identical to the discrete absorption components' (DACs) commonly seen in the UV lines of massive OB stars, suggesting the temporal structures seen in NGC~6543 likely have a physical origin that is similar to that operating in massive, luminous stars. The mechanism for forming coherent perturbations in the outflows is therefore apparently operating equally in the radiation-pressure-driven winds of widely differing momenta ($\mdot$$v_\infty$$R_\star^{0.5}$) and flow times, as represented by OB stars and CSPN. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17788 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riemer, Nathanael T1 - Stories of the Ma’aseh Book (Maysebook) in the Scriptures of Christian Hebraists N2 - This document contains a list of the Stories of the Ma’aseh Book (Maysebook) in the Scriptures of Christian Hebraists and exhibits an overview about the reception of the Yiddish literature in the world of letters. N2 - Das Dokument enthält eine tabellarische Auflistung der Erzählungen des Maassebuches, welche sich in den Werken der christlichen Hebraisten befinden und bietet damit einen Überblick über die Rezeption der jiddischen Literatur in der christlichen Gelehrtenwelt. KW - Maysebuch KW - Maassebuch KW - Maaseh Book KW - christliche Hebraisten KW - Erzählungen KW - Judentum KW - Maysebuch KW - Maassebuch KW - Maaseh Book KW - Christian Hebraists KW - stories KW - Judaism Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-15498 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baumgartner, Inken T1 - Stichwort BT - die Antidiskriminierungsstelle des Bundes JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Antidiskriminierungsstelle; Aufgaben der Antidiskriminierungsstelle Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-37446 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 135 EP - 136 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Albertini, Francesca Yardenit T1 - Sterbehilfe aus jüdischer Sicht BT - eine Einführung JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. KW - Judentum Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21064 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 13 SP - 46 EP - 61 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleinwächter, Kai T1 - Statistik : Struktur und Einsatzkräfte der Bundeswehr N2 - Inhalt: Personalstruktur der Bundeswehr Strucktur der Bundeswehr und des Einsatzführungskommandos Stärke der deutschen Einsatzkontingente Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-23236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Eckart A1 - Heinken, Thilo T1 - Spread of an ant-dispersed annual herb : an individual-based simulation study on population development of Melampyrum pratense L. N2 - The paper presents a simulation and parameter-estimation approach for evaluating stochastic patterns of population growth and spread of an annual forest herb, Melampyrum pratense (Orobanchaceae). The survival of a species during large-scale changes in land use and climate will depend, to a considerable extent, on its dispersal and colonisation abilities. Predictions on species migration need a combination of field studies and modelling efforts. Our study on the ability of M. pratense to disperse into so far unoccupied areas was based on experiments in secondary woodland in NE Germany. Experiments started in 1997 at three sites where the species was not yet present, with 300 seeds sown within one square meter. Population development was then recorded until 2001 by mapping of individuals with a resolution of 5 cm. Additional observations considered density dependence of seed production. We designed a spatially explicit individual-based computer simulation model to explain the spatial patterns of population development and to predict future population spread. Besides primary drop of seeds (barochory) it assumed secondary seed transport by ants (myrmecochory) with an exponentially decreasing dispersal tail. An important feature of populationpattern explanation was the simultaneous estimation of both population-growth and dispersal parameters from consistent spatio-temporal data sets. As the simulation model produced stochastic time series and random spatially discrete distributions of individuals we estimated parameters by minimising the expectation of weighted sums of squares. These sums-ofsquares criteria considered population sizes, radial population distributions around the area of origin and distributions of individuals within squares of 25*25 cm, the range of density action. Optimal parameter values, together with the precision of the estimates, were obtained from calculating sums of squares in regular grids of parameter values. Our modelling results showed that transport of fractions of seeds by ants over distances of 1…2 m was indispensable for explaining the observed population spread that led to distances of at most 8 m from population origin within 3 years. Projections of population development over 4 additional years gave a diffusion-like increase of population area without any “outposts”. This prediction generated by the simulation model gave a hypothesis which should be revised by additional field observations. Some structural deviations between observations and model output already indicated that for full understanding of population spread the set of dispersal mechanisms assumed in the model may have to be extended by additional features of plant-animal mutualism. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 152 KW - Pattern-oriented parameter estimation KW - spatially explicit modelling KW - individual-based model KW - Melampyrum pratense KW - seed dispersal Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-46491 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleinwächter, Kai T1 - Sprache und Identität in der Europäischen Union : statistische Angaben N2 - Inhalt: Anteil von „Hauptsprachen“ an der EU-Bevölkerung (%) Kenntnis einer Fremdsprache (%) Fremdsprachen in den 27 EU-Staaten (%) Amts- und Minderheitensprachen in der EU (Auswahl) Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-23165 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hamann, Wolf-Rainer A1 - Oskinova, Lida A1 - Feldmeier, Achim T1 - Spectrum formation in clumpy stellar winds N2 - Modeling expanding atmospheres is a difficult task because of the extreme non-LTE situation, the need to account for complex model atoms, especially for the iron-group elements with their millions of lines, and because of the supersonic expansion. Adequate codes have been developed e.g. by Hillier (CMFGEN), the Munich group (Puls, Pauldrach), and in Potsdam (PoWR code, Hamann et al.). While early work was based on the assumption of a smooth and homogeneous spherical stellar wind, the need to account for clumping became obvious about ten years ago. A relatively simple first-order clumping correction was readily implemented into the model codes. However, its simplifying assumptions are severe. Most importantly, the clumps are taken to be optically thin at all frequencies (”microclumping”). We discuss the consequences of this approximation and describe an approach to account for optically thick clumps (“macroclumping”). First results demonstrate that macroclumping can generally reduce the strength of spectral features, depending on their optical thickness. The recently reported discrepancy between the Hα diagnostic and the Pv resonance lines in O star spectra can be resolved without decreasing the mass-loss rates, when macroclumping is taken into account. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17838 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alexeeva, Elena A1 - Gutnik, Irina A1 - Piskunova, Elena T1 - Soziale Probleme Jugendlicher im heutigen Russland JF - Soziale Probleme von Jugendlichen in Deutschland, Polen und Russland : Alltagsleben und Lebensperspektiven KW - Jugendforschung KW - Schulforschung KW - Kulturvergleich Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21560 SN - 978-3-939469-79-7 SP - 44 EP - 70 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Speck, Karsten A1 - Seidel, Andreas A1 - Baitinger, Oksanna T1 - Soziale Probleme Jugendlicher BT - Ergebnisse der Jugend- und Schulforschung in Deutschland JF - Soziale Probleme von Jugendlichen in Deutschland, Polen und Russland : Alltagsleben und Lebensperspektiven KW - Jugendforschung KW - Schulforschung KW - Kulturvergleich Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21550 SN - 978-3-939469-79-7 SP - 6 EP - 43 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pollmann, Arnd T1 - Soziale Menschenrechte und soziale Gerechtigkeit BT - ein Projektbericht JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - I. Der Sinn sozialer Menschenrechte II. Zur Begründung sozialer Menschenrechte III. Inhalt IV. Umfang V. Reichweite VI. Rangordnung Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-36853 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 147 EP - 155 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Miłkowska-Olejniczak, Grazyna T1 - Soziale Anpassungsprobleme bei Schülern als Herausforderung für die heutige Pädagogik JF - Soziale Probleme von Jugendlichen in Deutschland, Polen und Russland : Alltagserleben und Lebensperspektiven KW - Jugendforschung KW - Schulforschung KW - Kulturvergleich Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21580 SN - 978-3-939469-79-7 SP - 83 EP - 93 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Behm, Thomas T1 - Sicherheitspolitik aus einem Guss BT - Bundeswehr und Entwicklungspolitik gemeinsam JF - WeltTrends-Papiere N2 - Inhalt: - Ressortkonkurrenz statt Miteinander - Für Reformen im Sicherheitssektor - Reformen als entwicklungs- und sicherheitspolitische Aufgabe - Bundeswehr als ein Akteur bei Reformen - Fähigkeiten ergänzen - Flickenteppich statt Koordination - Neuere Entwicklungen lassen hoffen Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-31747 SN - 1864-0656 IS - 5 SP - 25 EP - 32 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geis, Anna T1 - Sicherheitsinteressen am Hindukusch BT - Desinteresse zuhause? JF - WeltTrends-Papiere N2 - Inhalt: - „Freundliches Desinteresse“ - Wieso dieses Desinteresse der Bürger? - Kritische Bestandsaufnahmen unumgänglich Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-31817 SN - 1864-0656 IS - 5 SP - 97 EP - 103 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grözinger, Elvira T1 - Shternshis, Anna, Soviet and kosher, Jewish popular culture in the Soviet Union 1923-1939. / [rezensiert von] Elvira Grözinger JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Shternshis, Anna: Soviet and kosher : Jewish popular culture in the Soviet Union, 1923-1939 / Anna Shternshis. - Bloomington, Ind. : Indiana University Press, 2006. - XXI, 252 S.: Ill. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22512 SN - 1862-7684 SN - 1614-6492 IS - 13 SP - 176 EP - 177 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dubrau, Alexander T1 - Shmuel Safrai u.a. [Hg.], The literature of the sages, second part: Midrash and Targum, liturgy, poetry, mysticism, contracts, inscriptions, ancient science and the languages of rabbinic literature / [rezensiert von] Alexander Dubrau JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: The literature of the sages : second part; Midrash and Targum; Liturgy, poetry, mysticism, contracts, inscriptions, ancient science and the languages of rabbinic literature / Shmuel Safrai ... [Hg.]. - Assen : Royal Van Gorcum/Fortress Press, 2006. - XVII, 722 S. - (= Compendia rerum Iudaicarum ad Novum Testamentum, Section 2: 3/2) Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22351 SN - 1862-7684 SN - 1614-6492 IS - 13 SP - 136 EP - 141 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Feinberg, Anat T1 - Shahar, Natan, Shir Shir ale na, Toldot ha-Semer ha-ivri / [rezensiert von] Anat Feinberg JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Shahar, Natan: Shir Shir ale na : Toldot ha-Semer ha-ivri / Natan Shahar. - Moshav Ben Shemen : Modan Publishing House, 2006. - 300 S. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22547 SN - 1862-7684 SN - 1614-6492 IS - 13 SP - 183 EP - 185 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Endriss, Cornelia A1 - Hinterwimmer, Stefan A1 - Skopeteas, Stavros T1 - Semantics JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS N2 - The guidelines for semantics comprise a number of layers related to quantificational structures as well as some crucial semantic properties of NPs with respect to information structure: definiteness, countability, and animacy. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22265 SN - 1614-4708 SN - 1866-4725 IS - 7 SP - 135 EP - 145 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Levinger, Israel Meir T1 - Schechita und Kaschrut BT - Jüdischer Standpunkt zum Schlachten von Tieren JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Inhalt: 1. Die Gesetze der Torah bezüglich verbotener Speisen 2. Die zum Genuss erlaubten Tiere 2.1. Säugetiere 2.2. Vögel 2.3. Fische 2.4. Insekten 3. Das Schächten 4. Gründe für das Schächten in der jüdischen Literatur 5. Trefot – religiöse Fleischbeschau 6. Das Porschen 7. Das Salzen Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16021 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 VL - 13 SP - 62 EP - 86 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Riemer, Nathanael T1 - Salomon Ibn Verga, Schevet Jehuda, ein Buch über das Leiden des jüdischen Volkes im Exil / [rezensiert von] Nathanael Riemer JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Ibn Verga, Salomo: Schevet Jehuda : ein Buch über das Leiden des jüdischen Volkes im Exil / Salomo Ibn Verga. In der Übers. von Me'ir Wiener. Hrsg., eingeleitet und mit einem Nachw. zur Geschichtsdeutung Salomo Ibn Vergas vers. von Sina Rauschenbach. - 1. Aufl. - Berlin : Parerga, 2006. - 266 S. - (Jüdische Geistesgeschichte ; 6) ISBN 3-937262-34-2 Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22399 SN - 1862-7684 SN - 1614-6492 IS - 13 SP - 151 EP - 152 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rößler, Dirk A1 - Krüger, Frank A1 - Ohrnberger, Matthias T1 - Rupture propagation of the TsE (Mw7.7) on 17 July 2006 off-coast Java N2 - The Mw=7.7 tsunamogenic earthquake (TsE) on 17 July 2006, 08:19:28 shock the Indian Ocean at about 15 km depth off-coast Java, Indonesia. It caused a local tsunami with wave heights exceeding 2 m. The death toll reached several hundred. Thousands of people were displaced. By means of standard array methods, we have investigated the propagation and the extent of the rupture front of the causative earthquake. Waveform similarity is expressed by means of the semblance. We back-propagate the semblance for first-arrival phases recorded at broad-band stations within teleseismic distances (30°-95°). Image enhancement is realised by stacking the semblance of 8 arrays within different epicentral and azimuthal directions. From teleseismic observations we find rupturing of a 200 x 100 km wide area in at least 2 phases with propagation from NW to SE and source duration >125 s. The event has some characteristics of a circular rupture followed by unilateral faulting with change in slip rate. Unusually slow rupturing (≈1.5 km/s) is indicated. Fault area and aftershock distribution coincide. Spatial and temporal resolution are frequency dependent. Studies of a Mw6.0 earthquake on 2006/09/21 and one synthetic source show a ≈1° limit in resolution. Retrieved source area, source duration as well as peak values for semblance and beam power increase with the size of the earthquake making possible an automatic detection and classification of large and small earthquakes. KW - Seismologie KW - Erdbeben KW - Tsunami KW - Indischer Ozean Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-12964 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rößler, Dirk A1 - Krüger, Frank A1 - Ohrnberger, Matthias T1 - Rupture propagation of recent large TsE off-coast Sumatra and Java N2 - The spatio-temporal evolution of the three recent tsunamogenic earthquakes (TsE) off-coast N-Sumatra (Mw9.3), 28/03/2005 (Mw8.5) off-coast Nias, on 17/07/2006 (Mw7.7) off-coast Java. Start time, duration, and propagation of the rupture are retrieved. All parameters can be obtained rapidly after recording of the first-arrival phases in near-real time processing. We exploit semblance analysis, backpropagation and broad-band seismograms within 30°-95° distance. Image enhancement is reached by stacking the semblance of arrays within different directions. For the three events, the rupture extends over about 1150, 150, and 200km, respectively. The events in 2004, 2005, and 2006 had source durations of at least 480s, 120s, and 180s, respectively. We observe unilateral rupture propagation for all events except for the rupture onset and the Nias event, where there is evidence for a bilateral start of the rupture. Whereas average rupture speed of the events in 2004 and 2005 is in the order of the S-wave speed (≈2.5-3km/s), unusually slow rupturing (≈1.5 km/s) is indicated for the July 2006 event. For the July 2006 event we find rupturing of a 200 x 100 km wide area in at least 2 phases with propagation from NW to SE. The event has some characteristics of a circular rupture followed by unilateral faulting with change in slip rate. Fault area and aftershock distribution coincide. Spatial and temporal resolution are frequency dependent. Studies of a Mw6.0 earthquake on 2006/09/21 and one synthetic source show a ≈1° limit in resolution. Retrieved source area, source duration as well as peak values for semblance and beam power generally increase with the size of the earthquake making possible an automatic detection and classification of large and small earthquakes. KW - Tsunami KW - Erdbeben KW - Indischer Ozean KW - Bruchausbreitung KW - Seismologie KW - Tsunami KW - Earthquake KW - Indonesia KW - Indian Ocean KW - Rupture Propagation KW - Seismology Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-13039 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fullerton, A. W. A1 - Massa, D. L. A1 - Prinja, R. K. T1 - Revised mass-loss rates for O stars from the Pv resonance line N2 - The P v λλ1118, 1128 resonance doublet is an extraordinarily useful diagnostic of O-star winds, because it bypasses the traditional problems associated with determining mass-loss rates from UV resonance lines. We discuss critically the assumptions and uncertainties involved with using P v to diagnose mass-loss rates, and conclude that the large discrepancies between massloss rates determined from P v and the rates determined from “density squared” emission processes pose a significant challenge to the “standard model” of hot-star winds. The disparate measurements can be reconciled if the winds of O-type stars are strongly clumped on small spatial scales, which in turn implies that mass-loss rates based on Hα or radio emission are too large by up to an order of magnitude. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17647 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Leutenegger, M. A. A1 - Cohen, David H. A1 - Kahn, S. M. A1 - Owocki, S. P. A1 - Paerels, F. B. S. T1 - Resonance scattering in the X-ray emission lines profiles of ζ Puppis N2 - We present XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometer observations of pairs of X-ray emission line profiles from the O star ζ Pup that originate from the same He-like ion. The two profiles in each pair have different shapes and cannot both be consistently fit by models assuming the same wind parameters. We show that the differences in profile shape can be accounted for in a model including the effects of resonance scattering, which affects the resonance line in the pair but not the intercombination line. This implies that resonance scattering is also important in single resonance lines, where its effect is difficult to distinguish from a low effective continuum optical depth in the wind. Thus, resonance scattering may help reconcile X-ray line profile shapes with literature mass-loss rates. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18085 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Glienicke, Frank T1 - Regionaler Menschenrechtsschutz in Asien BT - ein Kurzbeitrag JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - I. Einleitung II. Überblick über regionalen Menschenrechtsschutz außerhalb Asiens III. Asien Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-36693 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 323 EP - 331 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peterhoff, Wolf T1 - Rechtsschutz für Volksgruppen JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - I. Einführung II. Volksgruppen als „werdende“ Völkerrechtssubjekte III. Geltendmachung von Ansprüchen vor nationalen Gerichten IV. Rechtsschutzmöglichkeiten vor internationalen Institutionen V. Diplomatischer Schutz Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-36900 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 213 EP - 222 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thym, Daniel T1 - Ratifikation des Verfassungsvertrags BT - neue Ära im europäischen Verfassungsrecht oder rechtliche Unsicherheit? JF - WeltTrends-Papiere N2 - Inhalt: - Der Verfassungsvertrag: Eine neue Ära im Europäischen Verfassungsrecht? - Rechtliche Parameter für den Fortgang des Ratifikationsprozesses - Weiche Konstitutionalisierung - Fazit Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-31929 SN - 1864-0656 IS - 2 SP - 17 EP - 34 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Chené, A.-N. A1 - Moffat, Anthony F. J. A1 - Crowther, P. A. T1 - Rapidly accelerating clumps in the winds of the very hot WNE Stars N2 - We study the time variability of emission lines in three WNE stars : WR 2 (WN2), WR 3 (WN3ha) and WR152 (WN3). While WR 2 shows no variability above the noise level, the other stars do show variation, which are like other WR stars in WR 152 but very fast in WR 3. From these motions, we deduce a value of β ∼1 for WR 3 that is like that seen in O stars and β ∼2–3 for WR 152, that is intermediate between other WR stars and WR 3. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18163 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jütte, Robert T1 - Raphael Arnold, Spracharkaden, die Sprache der sephardischen Juden in Italien im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert / [rezensiert von] Robert Jütte JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Arnold, Rafael: Spracharkaden : die Sprache der sephardischen Juden in Italien im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert / Rafael Arnold. - Heidelberg : Winter, 2006. - 388 S. : Ill. - (Schriften der Hochschule für Jüdische Studien Heidelberg ; Bd. 7) Zugl.: Heidelberg, Univ., Diss., 2002 ISBN 3-8253-5004-5 Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22373 SN - 1862-7684 SN - 1614-6492 IS - 13 SP - 146 EP - 148 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kusterer, D.-J. A1 - Nagel, T. A1 - Werner, K. A1 - Feldmeier, Achim T1 - Radiative transfer in CV disk winds N2 - Mass accretion onto compact objects through accretion disks is a common phenomenon in the universe. It is seen in all energy domains from active galactic nuclei through cataclysmic variables (CVs) to young stellar objects. Because CVs are fairly easy to observe, they provide an ideal opportunity to study accretion disks in great detail and thus help us to understand accretion also in other energy ranges. Mass accretion in these objects is often accompanied by mass outflow from the disks. This accretion disk wind, at least in CVs, is thought to be radiatively driven, similar to O star winds. WOMPAT, a 3-D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code for accretion disk winds of CVs is presented. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17847 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Cohen, David H. A1 - Leutenegger, M. A. A1 - Townsend, R. H. D. T1 - Quantitative analysis of resolved X-ray emission line profiles of O stars N2 - By quantitatively fitting simple emission line profile models that include both atomic opacity and porosity to the Chandra X-ray spectrum of ζ Pup, we are able to explore the trade-offs between reduced mass-loss rates and wind porosity. We find that reducing the mass-loss rate of ζ Pup by roughly a factor of four, to 1.5 × 10−6 M⊙ yr−1, enables simple non-porous wind models to provide good fits to the data. If, on the other hand, we take the literature mass-loss rate of 6×10−6 M⊙ yr−1, then to produce X-ray line profiles that fit the data, extreme porosity lengths – of h∞ ≈ 3 R∗ – are required. Moreover, these porous models do not provide better fits to the data than the non-porous, low optical depth models. Additionally, such huge porosity lengths do not seem realistic in light of 2-D numerical simulations of the wind instability. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18115 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Jannedy, Stefanie T1 - Prosodic focus in Vietnamese N2 - This paper reports on pilot work on the expression of Information Structure in Vietnamese and argues that Focus in Vietnamese is exclusively expressed prosodically: there are no specific focus markers, and the language uses phonology to express intonational emphasis in similar ways to languages like English or German. The exploratory data indicates that (i) focus is prosodically expressed while word order remains constant, (ii) listeners show good recoverability of the intended focus structure, and (iii) that there is a trading relationship between several phonetic parameters (duration, f0, amplitude) involved to signal prosodic (acoustic) emphasis. KW - Information Structure KW - Vietnamese KW - Focus KW - Perception KW - (Statement-Question Matching) Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19478 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Ishihara, Shinichiro ED - Petrova, Svetlana ED - Schwarz, Anne T1 - Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Prosody, Syntax, and Information Structure (WPSI 2) N2 - This volume contains the proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Prosody, Syntax, and Information Structure (WPSI2), held at University of Potsdam on March 18, 2005. WPSI 2 was aimed to discuss issues on the interaction of prosody, syntax, and information structure, from interdisciplinary points of view. The contributors (Haruo Kubozono, Shinichiro Ishihara, Yoshihisa Kitagawa, and Satoshi Tomioka) have been recently working on relevant issues, especially looking at the phenomena related to the intonation of focus and (wh-)questions in Japanese. T3 - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632 - 9 KW - syntax KW - prosody KW - information structure KW - interface KW - Japanese Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22234 SN - 1866-4725 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dubiel, Ewa T1 - Probleme polnischer Familien im Prozess der Erwerbsmigration JF - Soziale Probleme von Jugendlichen in Deutschland, Polen und Russland : Alltagserleben und Lebensperspektiven KW - Jugendforschung KW - Schulforschung KW - Kulturvergleich Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21590 SN - 978-3-939469-79-7 SP - 94 EP - 104 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Walter, R. A1 - Zurita-Heras, J. A1 - Leyder, J.-C. T1 - Probing clumpy stellar winds with a neutron star N2 - INTEGRAL tripled the number of super-giant high-mass X-ray binaries (sgHMXB) known in the Galaxy by revealing absorbed and fast transient (SFXT) systems. Quantitative constraints on the wind clumping of massive stars can be obtained from the study of the hard X-ray variability of SFXT. A large fraction of the hard X-ray emission is emitted in the form of flares with a typical duration of 3 ksec, frequency of 7 days and luminosity of $10^{36}$ erg/s. Such flares are most probably emitted by the interaction of a compact object orbiting at $\sim10~R_*$ with wind clumps ($10^{22 ... 23}$ g) representing a large fraction of the stellar mass-loss rate. The density ratio between the clumps and the inter-clump medium is $10^{2 ... 4}$. The parameters of the clumps and of the inter-clump medium, derived from the SFXT flaring behavior, are in good agreement with macro-clumping scenario and line-driven instability simulations. SFXT are likely to have larger orbital radius than classical sgHMXB. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-18024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold A1 - Risse, Sarah A1 - Laubrock, Jochen T1 - Preview Benefit and Parafoveal-on-Foveal Effects from Word N+2 N2 - Using the gaze-contingent boundary paradigm with the boundary placed after word n, we manipulated preview of word n+2 for fixations on word n. There was no preview benefit for first-pass reading on word n+2, replicating the results of Rayner, Juhasz, and Brown (2007), but there was a preview benefit on the three-letter word n+1, that is, after the boundary, but before word n+2. Additionally, both word n+1 and word n+2 exhibited parafoveal-on-foveal effects on word n. Thus, during a fixation on word n and given a short word n+1, some information is extracted from word n+2, supporting the hypothesis of distributed processing in the perceptual span. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 257 KW - eye movements KW - reading KW - preview benefit KW - parafoveal-on-foveal effects Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57186 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stalmaszczyk, Piotr T1 - Prepositional possessive constructions in Celtic Languages and Celtic Englishes N2 - Extract: [...] One of the often noted characteristic features of the Celtic languages is the absence of a singular verbal form with the meaning ‘to have’.1 The principal way of expressing possession is through periphrastic constructions with prepositions (such as Irish ag, Scottish Gaelic aig ‘at’; Welsh gan, Breton gant ‘at, with’) and appropriate forms of the substantive verb. Pronominal prepositions, another distinctive feature of the Celtic languages, consist of a preposition and a suffixed pronoun, or rather a pronominal personal ending. This construction may be analyzed as an instance of category fusion. Thus, the Irish and Welsh equivalents of English ‘I have money’ are Tá airgead agam or Mae arian gen i, respectively, both literally meaning ‘is money at-me/with-me’. This note discusses pronominal possessive constructions in Celtic languages (and some comparable examples from Celtic Englishes) and provides some background information on pronominal prepositions and comments on historical developments of these forms. It also discusses some terminological issues involved in labelling the construction in question. [...] Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19253 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sandorski, Jan T1 - Polnisch-deutsche Vermögensfragen BT - eine polnische Sicht JF - WeltTrends-Papiere N2 - Inhalt: - (Nicht-)Belastung deutsch-polnischer Beziehungen - Die Schröder-Erklärung - ...und ihre unterschiedlichen Interpretationen - Eine Frage der Konventionen? - Eine Frage der Gerechtigkeit! - Keine endgültige Antwort - Der polnische Reparationsverzicht von 1953 - Eine rechtsungültige Willenserklärung - ... und ihr protokollarischer Beweis - Ein Posener Vorschlag Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-31847 SN - 1864-0656 IS - 3 SP - 33 EP - 54 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Knufinke, Ulrich T1 - Polish Wooden Synagogues : State of Research. - (Vortrag von Dr. Eleonora Bergman, Jewish Historical Insitute, Warschau. Landesmuseum Braunschweig, 19.12.2006) JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22567 SN - 1862-7684 SN - 1614-6492 IS - 13 SP - 125 EP - 126 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Féry, Caroline A1 - Hellmuth, Sam A1 - Kügler, Frank A1 - Mayer, Jörg T1 - Phonology and intonation JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS N2 - The encoding standards for phonology and intonation are designed to facilitate consistent annotation of the phonological and intonational aspects of information structure, in languages across a range of prosodic types. The guidelines are designed with the aim that a nonspecialist in phonology can both implement and interpret the resulting annotation. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22217 SN - 1614-4708 SN - 1866-4725 IS - 7 SP - 29 EP - 53 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rogger, Philippe T1 - Pensionenunruhen 1513-1516 BT - klientelistische Verflechtung – herrschaftliche Verdichtung – bäuerlicher Widerstand? (Dissertationsprojekt Universität Bern) JF - Militär und Gesellschaft in der frühen Neuzeit Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-21213 SN - 1861-910X SN - 1617-9722 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 151 EP - 157 ER - TY - GEN A1 - von Braunmühl, Claudia T1 - Partizipation in der Wasserversorgung N2 - Einerseits führt in Entwicklungsländern die Privatisierung von Wasserbetrieben zu Kostensenkungen. Andererseits verändert sie bisherige Möglichkeiten der Teilnahme. Diese wiederspruchsvollen Entwicklungen diskutiert die Autorin an Beispielen aus Südamerika und Südafrika. Künftige Privatisierungen im Bereich Wasser sollten dauerhafte Formen der Mitwirkung ermöglichen. KW - Entwicklung KW - Wasserversorgung KW - Privatisierung KW - Partizipation Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-23247 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Albertini, Francesca Y. A1 - Berger, Joel A1 - Denz, Rebekka A1 - Dubrau, Alexander A1 - Feinberg, Anat A1 - Grözinger, Elvira A1 - Jütte, Daniel A1 - Jütte, Robert A1 - Kennecke, Andreas A1 - Knufinke, Ulrich A1 - Kosman, Admiʾel A1 - Lang, Stefan A1 - Levinger, Israel M. A1 - Or, Tamara A1 - Riemer, Nathanael A1 - Schell-Apacik, Chayim A1 - Voigts, Manfred A1 - Wieshaider, Wolfgang ED - Riemer, Nathanael ED - Dubrau, Alexander T1 - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. = Halacha und Gesellschaft : Aspekte religiösen Lebens N2 - Artikel: Manfred Voigts: Zur Emeritierung von Prof. Dr. Karl E. Grözinger Admiel Kosman / Anat Sharbat: “Two Women Who Were Sporting with Each Other”: A Re-examination of the Halakhic Approaches to Lesbianism as a Touchstone for Homosexuality in General Francesca Y. Albertini: Sterbehilfe aus jüdischer Sicht: Eine Einführung Rabbiner Dr. med. Verl. Israel M. Levinger: Schechita und Kaschrut – Jüdischer Standpunkt zum Schlachten von Tieren Wolfgang Wieshaider: Jüdischer Friedhof und staatliches Recht Chayim Schell-Apacik: Genetische Untersuchungen und Schwangerschaftsabbruch im Kontext jüdischer Ethik am Beispiel der Tay-Sachs-Erkrankung Manfred Voigts / Andreas Kennecke: Euchel, Mendelssohn, Herder und Andere Tagungsberichte: “I Will Sing and Make Music”. Jewish Music and Musicians Throughout the Ages. The Nineteenth Annual Klutznick-Harris Symposium. Creighton University, Omaha. Nebraska. 29.10. -30.10.2006. (Robert Jütte) Dr. Eleonora Bergman: Polish Wooden Synagogues: State of Research (Ulrich Knufinke) Rezensionen: Encyclopaedia Judaica. Second Edition. Hrsg. von Fred Skolnik (Alexander Dubrau/Nathanael Riemer) Menahem I. Kahana: Sifre Zuta Deuteronomy. Citations from a New Tannaitic Midrash (Alexander Dubrau) Carol Bakhos (Hg.): Current Trends in the Study of Midrash (Alexander Dubrau) Shmuel Safrai ז"ל /Zeev Safrai/Joshua Schwartz/Peter J. Tomson (Hg.): The Literature of the Sages. Second Part: Midrash and Targum, Liturgy, Poetry, Mysticism, Contracts, Inscriptions, Ancient Science and the Languages of Rabbinic Literature (Alexander Dubrau) Ronen Reichman (Hg.): Der Odem des Menschen ist eine Leuchte des Herrn (Tamara Or) Raphael Arnold: Spracharkaden. Die Sprache der sephardischen Juden in Italien im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert (Robert Jütte) Johann Lorenz Schmidlin: Pictura Docens. Hrsg. und übersetzt von Fritz Felgentreu und Widu-Wolfgang Ehlers (Daniel Jütte) Salomon Ibn Verga: Schevet Jehuda. Ein Buch über das Leiden des jüdischen Volkes im Exil. Hrsg., eingel. und mit einem Nachwort zur Geschichtsdeutung Salomo Ibn Vergas versehen von Sina Rauschenbach (Nathanael Riemer) Jutta Schumacher (Hg.): Sefer Mišlė Šu´olim (Buch der Fuchsfabeln) von Jakob Koppelmann. In Originalschrift und Transkription hrsg. und kommentiert von Jutta Schumacher (Nathanael Riemer) Glikl. Memoires 1691-1719. Edited and Translated [ins Hebräische] from the Yiddish by Chava Turniansky (Elvira Grözinger) Manfred Voigts: Die deutsch-jüdische Symbiose. Zwischen deutschem Sonderweg und Idee Europa (Elvira Grözinger) Gerhard Taddey (Hg.): Geschützt, geduldet, gleichberechtigt. Die Juden im baden-württembergischen Franken vom 17. Jahrhundert bis zum Ende des Kaiserreichs (Stefan Lang) Marion Linhardt: Residenzstadt und Metropole. Zu einer kulturellen Topographie des Wiener Unterhaltungstheaters (Daniel Jütte) Margarete Grandner/Edith Saurer (Hg.): Geschlecht, Religion und Engagement. Die jüdischen Frauenbewegungen im deutschsprachigen Raum (Rebekka Denz) Mariana Hausleitner: Deutsche und Juden in Bessarabien 1814-1941. Zur Minderheitenpolitik Russlands und Großrumäniens (Elvira Grözinger) Marline Otte: Jewish Identities in German Popular Entertainment 1890-1933 (Anat Feinberg) Doris A. Karner: Lachen unter Tränen. Jüdisches Theater in Ostgalizien und der Bukowina (Elvira Grözinger) Tazuko Takebayashi: Zwischen den Kulturen. Deutsches,Tschechisches und Jüdisches in der deutschsprachigen Literatur aus Prag (Manfred Voigts) Anna Shternshis: Soviet and Kosher. Jewish Popular Culture in the Soviet Union 1923-1939 (Elvira Grözinger) Brigitte Mihok (Hg.): Ungarn und der Holocaust. Kollaboration, Rettung und Trauma (Joel Berger) Willy Cohn: Kein Recht, nirgends. Tagebuch vom Untergang des Breslauer Judentums 1933-1941 (Anat Feinberg) Natan Shahar: Shir Shir ale na. Toldot ha-Semer ha-ivri (Anat Feinberg) T3 - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. - 13 Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-15447 SN - 978-3-939469-80-3 SN - 1862-7684 SN - 1614-6492 IS - 13 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - THES A1 - Frankovitch, Christine Marie T1 - Optical methods for monitoring biological parameters of phototropic microorganisms during cultivation T1 - Optische Verfahren zur Beobachtung biologischer Parameter während der Kultivierung phototropischer Mikroorganismen N2 - Phototropic microalgae have a large potential for producing valuable substances for the feed, food, cosmetics, pigment, bioremediation, and pharmacy industries as well as for biotechnological processes. Today it is estimated that the microalgal aquaculture worldwide production is 5000 tons of dry matter per year (not taking into account processed products) making it an approximately $1.25 billion U.S. per year industry. In this work, several spectroscopic techniques were utilized for the investigation of microalgae cells. Specifically, photondensity wave spectroscopy was applied as a technique for the on-line observation of the culture. For effective evaluation of the photosynthetic growth processes, fast and non-invasive sensor systems that analyze the relevant biological and technical process parameters are preferred. Traditionally, the biomass in a photobioreactor is quantified with the help of turbidimetry measurements, which require extensive calibration. Another problem frequently encountered when using spectral analysis for investigating solutions is that samples of interest are often undiluted and highly scattering and do not adhere to Beer-Lambert's law. Due to the fluorescence properties of chlorophyll, fluorescence spectroscopy techniques including fluorescence lifetime imaging and single photon counting could be applied to provide images of the cells as well as determine the effects of excitation intensity on the fluorescence lifetime, which is an indicator of the condition of the cell. A photon density wave is a sinusoidally intensity-modulated optical wave stemming from a point-source of light, which propagates through diffuse medium and exhibits amplitude and phase variations. Light propagation though strongly scattering media can be described by the P1 approximation to the Boltzmann transport equation. Photon density wave spectroscopy enables the ability to differentiate between scattered and absorbed light, which is desired so that an independent determination of the reduced scattering and absorption coefficients can be made. The absorption coefficient is related to the pigment content in the cells, and the reduced scattering coefficient can be used to characterize physical and morphological properties of the medium and was here applied for the determination of the average cell size. N2 - Phototropische Mikroalgen besitzen ein großes Potential für die Herstellung von wertvollen Substanzen sowohl für die Futtermittel-, Lebensmittel-, kosmetische und pharmazeutische Industrie, als auch für die Farbstoffsynthese. Heutzutage werden schätzungsweise 5000 Tonnen Mikroalgen Trockensubstanz pro Jahr mit einem Jahresumsatz von 1,25 Mrd. US-Dollar produziert. In dieser Arbeit wurden diverse spektroskopische Untersuchungsmethoden für die Betrachtung der Zellen verwendet. Die Photonendichtewellenspektroskopie (PDW) fand dabei insbesondere bei der on-line Beobachtung der Zellen Anwendung. Voraussetzungen für die effektive Beobachtung von photosynthetischen Wachstumsprozessen sind schnell und nicht-invasiv arbeitende Sensoren. Normalerweise wird die dabei zu untersuchende Biomasse in einem Photobioreaktor mittels Trübungsmessungen quantifiziert. Dies setzt jedoch eine sehr aufwendige Kalibration voraus. Da diese Proben zusätzlich meist in unverdünnter Form vorliegen, streuen sie stark und folgen daher nicht dem Lambert-Beer'schen Gesetz. Aufgrund der Fluoreszenzeigenschaften des Chlorophylls können fluoreszenzspektroskopische Methoden wie fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) und time correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) angwendet werden. Diese Methoden werden dabei für die visuelle Darstellung der Zellen und für die Messung der Fluoreszenzlebenszeit genutzt. Eine Photondichtewelle ist eine sinusförmig intensitätsmodulierte optische Welle, die sich, ausgehend von einer punktförmigen Lichtquelle, durch das untersuchte Medium ausbreitet, wobei sich Phase und Amplitude der Welle verändern. Die Ausbreitung der Welle wird von der P1-Näherung der Boltzmann-Transport-Gleichung beschrieben. Mittels PDW kann zwischen streuenden und absorbierenden Eigenschaften von trüben Probe unterschieden werden. Dies erlaubt die Absolutbestimmung des Absorptions- und reduzierten Streukoeffizienten, die für die Qualifizierung der Probe, insbesondere der Teilchengrößenbestimmung, herangezogen werden. KW - Photonendichtewellen KW - Mikroalgen KW - Photon density waves KW - Microalgae KW - On.Line Monitoring Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-15403 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Tristram, Hildegard L.C. T1 - On the ‘Celticity’ of Irish Newspapers : a research report N2 - Extract: [...]Of all the print-media newspapers are the most commonly used. They are not literature in the sense of belles letters, but they should not be underestimated in their political, social and personal importance. No other printed product is as closely linked with everyday life as the newspapers. The day begins under their influence, and their contents mirror the events of the day with varying accuracy. Newspapers are strongly reader-oriented. They want to inform, but they also want to instil opinions. Specific choices of information shape the content level. Specific choices of language are resorted to in order to spread opinions and viewpoints. Language creates solidarity between the producers and the consumers of newspapers and thereby supports ideologies by specifically targeted linguistic means. Other strategies are employed for the same purpose, too. Visual aspects are of great importance, such as the typographical layout, the use of pictures, drawings, colours, fonts, etc.[...] Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-19351 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hillier, D. J. T1 - On the influence of clumping on O and Wolf-Rayet spectra N2 - Overwhelming observational and theoretical evidence suggests that the winds of massive stars are highly clumped. We briefly discuss the influence of clumping on model diagnostics and the difficulties of allowing for the influence of clumping on model spectra. Because of its simplicity, and because of computational ease, most spectroscopic analyses incorporate clumping using the volume filling factor. The biases introduced by this approach are uncertain. To investigate alternative clumping models, and to help determine the validity of parameters derived using the volume filling factor method, we discuss results derived using an alternative model in which we assume that the wind is composed of optically thick shells. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-17903 ER -