TY - JOUR
A1 - Abdalla, H.
A1 - Adam, R.
A1 - Aharonian, Felix A.
A1 - Benkhali, F. Ait
A1 - Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan
A1 - Arcaro, C.
A1 - Armand, C.
A1 - Armstrong, T.
A1 - Ashkar, H.
A1 - Backes, M.
A1 - Baghmanyan, V.
A1 - Martins, V. Barbosa
A1 - Barnacka, A.
A1 - Barnard, M.
A1 - Becherini, Y.
A1 - Berge, D.
A1 - Bernlohr, K.
A1 - Bi, B.
A1 - Bottcher, M.
A1 - Boisson, C.
A1 - Bolmont, J.
A1 - de Lavergne, M. de Bony
A1 - Bordas, Pol
A1 - Breuhaus, M.
A1 - Brun, F.
A1 - Brun, P.
A1 - Bryan, M.
A1 - Buchele, M.
A1 - Bulik, T.
A1 - Bylund, T.
A1 - Caroff, S.
A1 - Carosi, A.
A1 - Casanova, Sabrina
A1 - Chand, T.
A1 - Chandra, S.
A1 - Chen, A.
A1 - Cotter, G.
A1 - Curylo, M.
A1 - Mbarubucyeye, J. Damascene
A1 - Davids, I. D.
A1 - Davies, J.
A1 - Deil, C.
A1 - Devin, J.
A1 - deWilt, P.
A1 - Dirson, L.
A1 - Djannati-Atai, A.
A1 - Dmytriiev, A.
A1 - Donath, A.
A1 - Doroshenko, V.
A1 - Duffy, C.
A1 - Dyks, J.
A1 - Egberts, Kathrin
A1 - Eichhorn, F.
A1 - Einecke, S.
A1 - Emery, G.
A1 - Ernenwein, J. -P.
A1 - Feijen, K.
A1 - Fegan, S.
A1 - Fiasson, A.
A1 - de Clairfontaine, G. Fichet
A1 - Fontaine, G.
A1 - Funk, S.
A1 - Fussling, Matthias
A1 - Gabici, S.
A1 - Gallant, Y. A.
A1 - Giavitto, G.
A1 - Giunti, L.
A1 - Glawion, D.
A1 - Glicenstein, J. F.
A1 - Gottschall, D.
A1 - Grondin, M. -H.
A1 - Hahn, J.
A1 - Haupt, M.
A1 - Hermann, G.
A1 - Hinton, J. A.
A1 - Hofmann, W.
A1 - Hoischen, Clemens
A1 - Holch, T. L.
A1 - Holler, M.
A1 - Horbe, M.
A1 - Horns, D.
A1 - Huber, D.
A1 - Jamrozy, M.
A1 - Jankowsky, D.
A1 - Jankowsky, F.
A1 - Jardin-Blicq, A.
A1 - Joshi, V.
A1 - Jung-Richardt, I.
A1 - Kasai, E.
A1 - Kastendieck, M. A.
A1 - Katarzynski, K.
A1 - Katz, U.
A1 - Khangulyan, D.
A1 - Khelifi, B.
A1 - Klepser, S.
A1 - Kluzniak, W.
A1 - Komin, Nu.
A1 - Konno, R.
A1 - Kosack, K.
A1 - Kostunin, D.
A1 - Kreter, M.
A1 - Lamanna, G.
A1 - Lemiere, A.
A1 - Lemoine-Goumard, M.
A1 - Lenain, J. -P.
A1 - Levy, C.
A1 - Lohse, T.
A1 - Lypova, I.
A1 - Mackey, J.
A1 - Majumdar, J.
A1 - Malyshev, D.
A1 - Malyshev, D.
A1 - Marandon, V.
A1 - Marchegiani, P.
A1 - Marcowith, Alexandre
A1 - Mares, A.
A1 - Marti-Devesa, G.
A1 - Marx, R.
A1 - Maurin, G.
A1 - Meintjes, P. J.
A1 - Meyer, M.
A1 - Mitchell, A.
A1 - Moderski, R.
A1 - Mohamed, M.
A1 - Mohrmann, L.
A1 - Montanari, A.
A1 - Moore, C.
A1 - Morris, P.
A1 - Moulin, Emmanuel
A1 - Muller, J.
A1 - Murach, T.
A1 - Nakashima, K.
A1 - Nayerhoda, A.
A1 - de Naurois, M.
A1 - Ndiyavala, H.
A1 - Niederwanger, F.
A1 - Niemiec, J.
A1 - Oakes, L.
A1 - O'Brien, Patrick
A1 - Odaka, H.
A1 - Ohm, S.
A1 - Olivera-Nieto, L.
A1 - Wilhelmi, E. de Ona
A1 - Ostrowski, M.
A1 - Oya, I.
A1 - Panter, M.
A1 - Panny, S.
A1 - Parsons, R. D.
A1 - Peron, G.
A1 - Peyaud, B.
A1 - Piel, Q.
A1 - Pita, S.
A1 - Poireau, V.
A1 - Noel, A. Priyana
A1 - Prokhorov, D. A.
A1 - Prokoph, H.
A1 - Puhlhofer, G.
A1 - Punch, M.
A1 - Quirrenbach, A.
A1 - Raab, S.
A1 - Rauth, R.
A1 - Reichherzer, P.
A1 - Reimer, A.
A1 - Reimer, O.
A1 - Remy, Q.
A1 - Renaud, M.
A1 - Rieger, F.
A1 - Rinchiuso, L.
A1 - Romoli, C.
A1 - Rowell, G.
A1 - Rudak, B.
A1 - Ruiz-Velasco, E.
A1 - Sahakian, V.
A1 - Sailer, S.
A1 - Sanchez, D. A.
A1 - Santangelo, A.
A1 - Sasaki, M.
A1 - Scalici, M.
A1 - Schussler, F.
A1 - Schutte, H. M.
A1 - Schwanke, U.
A1 - Schwemmer, S.
A1 - Seglar-Arroyo, M.
A1 - Senniappan, M.
A1 - Seyffert, A. S.
A1 - Shafi, N.
A1 - Shiningayamwe, K.
A1 - Simoni, R.
A1 - Sinha, A.
A1 - Sol, H.
A1 - Specovius, A.
A1 - Spencer, S.
A1 - Spir-Jacob, M.
A1 - Stawarz, L.
A1 - Sun, L.
A1 - Steenkamp, R.
A1 - Stegmann, C.
A1 - Steinmassl, S.
A1 - Steppa, C.
A1 - Takahashi, T.
A1 - Tavernier, T.
A1 - Taylor, A. M.
A1 - Terrier, R.
A1 - Tiziani, D.
A1 - Tluczykont, M.
A1 - Tomankova, L.
A1 - Trichard, C.
A1 - Tsirou, M.
A1 - Tuffs, R.
A1 - Uchiyama, Y.
A1 - van der Walt, D. J.
A1 - van Eldik, C.
A1 - van Rensburg, C.
A1 - van Soelen, B.
A1 - Vasileiadis, G.
A1 - Veh, J.
A1 - Venter, C.
A1 - Vincent, P.
A1 - Vink, J.
A1 - Volk, H. J.
A1 - Vuillaume, T.
A1 - Wadiasingh, Z.
A1 - Wagner, S. J.
A1 - Watson, J.
A1 - Werner, F.
A1 - White, R.
A1 - Wierzcholska, A.
A1 - Wong, Yu Wun
A1 - Yusafzai, A.
A1 - Zacharias, M.
A1 - Zanin, R.
A1 - Zargaryan, D.
A1 - Zdziarski, A. A.
A1 - Zech, Alraune
A1 - Zhu, S. J.
A1 - Ziegler, A.
A1 - Zorn, J.
A1 - Zouari, S.
A1 - Zywucka, N.
T1 - An extreme particle accelerator in the Galactic plane
BT - HESS J1826-130
JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2 - The unidentified very-high-energy (VHE; E > 0.1 TeV) gamma -ray source, HESS J1826-130, was discovered with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) in the Galactic plane. The analysis of 215 h of HESS data has revealed a steady gamma -ray flux from HESS J1826-130, which appears extended with a half-width of 0.21 degrees +/- 0.02
(stat)degrees
stat degrees +/- 0.05
(sys)degrees sys degrees . The source spectrum is best fit with either a power-law function with a spectral index Gamma = 1.78 +/- 0.10(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and an exponential cut-off at 15.2
(+5.5)(-3.2) -3.2+5.5 TeV, or a broken power-law with Gamma (1) = 1.96 +/- 0.06(stat) +/- 0.20(sys), Gamma (2) = 3.59 +/- 0.69(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) for energies below and above E-br = 11.2 +/- 2.7 TeV, respectively. The VHE flux from HESS J1826-130 is contaminated by the extended emission of the bright, nearby pulsar wind nebula, HESS J1825-137, particularly at the low end of the energy spectrum. Leptonic scenarios for the origin of HESS J1826-130 VHE emission related to PSR J1826-1256 are confronted by our spectral and morphological analysis. In a hadronic framework, taking into account the properties of dense gas regions surrounding HESS J1826-130, the source spectrum would imply an astrophysical object capable of accelerating the parent particle population up to greater than or similar to 200 TeV. Our results are also discussed in a multiwavelength context, accounting for both the presence of nearby supernova remnants, molecular clouds, and counterparts detected in radio, X-rays, and TeV energies.
KW - ISM: supernova remnants
KW - ISM: clouds
KW - gamma rays: general
KW - gamma rays:
KW - ISM
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038851
SN - 0004-6361
SN - 1432-0746
VL - 644
PB - EDP Sciences
CY - Les Ulis
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Abdalla, Hassan E.
A1 - Adam, Remi
A1 - Aharonian, Felix A.
A1 - Benkhali, Faical Ait
A1 - Angüner, Ekrem Oǧuzhan
A1 - Arakawa, Masanori
A1 - Arcaro, C
A1 - Armand, Catherine
A1 - Armstrong, T.
A1 - Egberts, Kathrin
T1 - Very high energy γ-ray emission from two blazars of unknown redshift and upper limits on their distance
JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
N2 - We report on the detection of very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission from the BL Lac objects KUV 00311-1938 and PKS 1440-389 with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). H.E.S.S. observations were accompanied or preceded by multiwavelength observations with Fermi/LAT, XRT and UVOT onboard the Swift satellite, and ATOM. Based on an extrapolation of the Fermi/LAT spectrum towards the VHE gamma-ray regime, we deduce a 95 per cent confidence level upper limit on the unknown redshift of KUV 00311-1938 of z < 0.98 and of PKS 1440-389 of z < 0.53. When combined with previous spectroscopy results, the redshift of KUV 00311-1938 is constrained to 0.51 <= z < 0.98 and of PKS 1440-389 to 0.14 (sic) z < 0.53.
KW - BL Lacertae objects: individual
KW - galaxies: high-redshift
KW - gamma-rays: general
KW - Resolved and unresolved sources as a function of wavelength
Y1 - 2020
VL - 494
IS - 4
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Abdirashid, Hashim
A1 - Lenhard, Michael
T1 - Say it with double flowers
JF - Journal of experimental botany
N2 - Every year, lovers world-wide rely on mutants to show their feelings on Valentine's Day. This is because many of the most popular ornamental flowering plants have been selected to form extra petals at the expense of reproductive organs to enhance their attractiveness and aesthetic value to humans. This so-called 'double flower' (DF) phenotype, first described more than 2000 years ago (Meyerowitz et al., 1989) is present, for example, in many modern roses, carnations, peonies, and camellias. Gattolin et al. (2020) now identify a unifying explanation for the molecular basis of many of these DF cultivars.
KW - ABCE model
KW - APETALA2
KW - double flowers
KW - flower development
KW - homoeotic
KW - mutants
KW - microRNA172
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa109
SN - 0022-0957
SN - 1460-2431
VL - 71
IS - 9
SP - 2469
EP - 2471
PB - Oxford Univ. Press
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Abramova, Olga
T1 - Does a smile open all doors?
BT - understanding the impact of appearance disclosure on accommodation sharing platforms
T2 - Proceedings of the 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
N2 - Online photographs govern an individual’s choices across a variety of contexts. In sharing arrangements, facial appearance has been shown to affect the desire to collaborate, interest to explore a listing, and even willingness to pay for a stay. Because of the ubiquity of online images and their influence on social attitudes, it seems crucial to be able to control these aspects. The present study examines the effect of different photographic self-disclosures on the provider’s perceptions and willingness to accept a potential co-sharer. The findings from our experiment in the accommodation-sharing context suggest social attraction mediates the effect of photographic self-disclosures on willingness to host. Implications of the results for IS research and practitioners are discussed.
KW - The Sharing Economy
KW - airbnb
KW - online photographs
KW - self-disclosure
KW - sharing economy
KW - social attraction
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-0-9981331-3-3
SP - 831
EP - 840
PB - HICSS Conference Office University of Hawaii at Manoa
CY - Honolulu
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Abromeit, Wolfgang
ED - Greve, Ruth
ED - Gwiasda, Benjamin
ED - Kemper, Thomas
ED - Moir, Joshua
ED - Müller, Sabrina
ED - Schönberger, Arno
ED - Stöcker, Sebastian
ED - Wagner, Julia
ED - Wolff, Lydia
T1 - Digitalisierte Verwaltungsrechtsverhältnisse
T2 - Der digitalisierte Staat - Chancen und Herausforderungen für den modernen Staat : 60. Assistententagung Öffentliches Recht : Tagung der Wissenschaftlichen Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter, Wissenschaftlichen Assisteninnen und Assistenten
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-8487-6614-7
SN - 978-3-7190-4412-1
SN - 978-3-7489-0749-7
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/9783748907497-333
SP - 333
EP - 352
PB - Nomos
CY - Baden-Baden
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Adam, Maurits
A1 - Elsner, Birgit
T1 - The impact of salient action effects on 6-, 7-, and 11-month-olds’ goal-predictive gaze shifts for a human grasping action
JF - PLOS ONE
N2 - When infants observe a human grasping action, experience-based accounts predict that all infants familiar with grasping actions should be able to predict the goal regardless of additional agency cues such as an action effect. Cue-based accounts, however, suggest that infants use agency cues to identify and predict action goals when the action or the agent is not familiar. From these accounts, we hypothesized that younger infants would need additional agency cues such as a salient action effect to predict the goal of a human grasping action, whereas older infants should be able to predict the goal regardless of agency cues. In three experiments, we presented 6-, 7-, and 11-month-olds with videos of a manual grasping action presented either with or without an additional salient action effect (Exp. 1 and 2), or we presented 7-month-olds with videos of a mechanical claw performing a grasping action presented with a salient action effect (Exp. 3). The 6-month-olds showed tracking gaze behavior, and the 11-month-olds showed predictive gaze behavior, regardless of the action effect. However, the 7-month-olds showed predictive gaze behavior in the action-effect condition, but tracking gaze behavior in the no-action-effect condition and in the action-effect condition with a mechanical claw. The results therefore support the idea that salient action effects are especially important for infants' goal predictions from 7 months on, and that this facilitating influence of action effects is selective for the observation of human hands.
KW - attention
KW - eye movements
KW - infants perception
KW - mechanisms
KW - origins
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240165
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 15
IS - 10
PB - Public Library of Science
CY - San Fransisco
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Adamik, Verena
T1 - In Search of the Utopian States of America
BT - Intentional Communities in Novels of the Long Nineteenth Century
T2 - Palgrave Studies in Utopianism
N2 - This book endeavours to understand the seemingly direct link between utopianism and the USA, discussing novels that have never been brought together in this combination before, even though they all revolve around intentional communities: Imlay’s The Emigrants (1793), Hawthorne’s The Blithedale Romance (1852), Howland’s Papas Own Girl (1874), Griggs’s Imperium in Imperio (1899), and Du Bois’s The Quest of the Silver Fleece (1911). They relate nation and utopia not by describing perfect societies, but by writing about attempts to immediately live radically different lives. Signposting the respective communal history, the readings provide a literary perspective to communal studies, and add to a deeply necessary historicization for strictly literary approaches to US utopianism, and for studies that focus on Pilgrims/Puritans/Founding Fathers as utopian practitioners. This book therefore highlights how the authors evaluated the USA’s utopian potential and traces the nineteenth-century development of the utopian imagination from various perspectives.
KW - Gilbert Imlay
KW - Nathaniel Hawthorne
KW - Marie Howland
KW - Sutton E. Griggs
KW - W.E.B. Du Bois
KW - Utopian communities
KW - Intentional communities
KW - Utopia
KW - Nineteenth century
KW - National narrative
KW - Utopie
KW - Kommunen
KW - USA
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-030-60278-9
SN - 978-3-030-60279-6
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60279-6
PB - Palgrave Macmillan
CY - Cham
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Adnan, Hassan Sami
A1 - Matthews, Sam
A1 - Hackl, M.
A1 - Das, P. P.
A1 - Manaswini, Manisha
A1 - Gadamsetti, S.
A1 - Filali, Maroua
A1 - Owoyele, Babajide
A1 - Santuber, Joaquín
A1 - Edelman, Jonathan
T1 - Human centered AI design for clinical monitoring and data management
JF - European journal of public health : official journal of the European Health Association
N2 - In clinical settings, significant resources are spent on data collection and monitoring patients' health parameters to improve decision-making and provide better care. With increased digitization, the healthcare sector is shifting towards implementing digital technologies for data management and in administration. New technologies offer better treatment opportunities and streamline clinical workflow, but the complexity can cause ineffectiveness, frustration, and errors. To address this, we believe digital solutions alone are not sufficient. Therefore, we take a human-centred design approach for AI development, and apply systems engineering methods to identify system leverage points. We demonstrate how automation enables monitoring clinical parameters, using existing non-intrusive sensor technology, resulting in more resources toward patient care. Furthermore, we provide a framework on digitization of clinical data for integration with data management.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.225
SN - 1101-1262
SN - 1464-360X
VL - 30
IS - 5
SP - V86
EP - V86
PB - Oxford Univ. Press
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Adnan, Hassan Sami
A1 - Srsic, Amanda
A1 - Venticich, Pete Milos
A1 - Townend, David M.R.
T1 - Using AI for mental health analysis and prediction in school surveys
JF - European journal of public health
N2 - Background:
Childhood and adolescence are critical stages of life for mental health and well-being. Schools are a key setting for mental health promotion and illness prevention. One in five children and adolescents have a mental disorder, about half of mental disorders beginning before the age of 14. Beneficial and explainable artificial intelligence can replace current paper- based and online approaches to school mental health surveys. This can enhance data acquisition, interoperability, data driven analysis, trust and compliance. This paper presents a model for using chatbots for non-obtrusive data collection and supervised machine learning models for data analysis; and discusses ethical considerations pertaining to the use of these models.
Methods:
For data acquisition, the proposed model uses chatbots which interact with students. The conversation log acts as the source of raw data for the machine learning. Pre-processing of the data is automated by filtering for keywords and phrases.
Existing survey results, obtained through current paper-based data collection methods, are evaluated by domain experts (health professionals). These can be used to create a test dataset to validate the machine learning models. Supervised learning
can then be deployed to classify specific behaviour and mental health patterns.
Results:
We present a model that can be used to improve upon current paper-based data collection and manual data analysis methods. An open-source GitHub repository contains necessary tools and components of this model. Privacy is respected through
rigorous observance of confidentiality and data protection requirements. Critical reflection on these ethics and law aspects is included in the project.
Conclusions:
This model strengthens mental health surveillance in schools. The same tools and components could be applied to other public health data. Future extensions of this model could also incorporate unsupervised learning to find clusters and patterns
of unknown effects.
KW - ethics
KW - artificial intelligence
KW - adolescent
KW - child
KW - confidentiality
KW - health personnel
KW - mental disorders
KW - mental health
KW - personal satisfaction
KW - privacy
KW - school (environment)
KW - statutes and laws
KW - public health medicine
KW - surveillance
KW - medical
KW - prevention
KW - datasets
KW - machine learning
KW - supervised machine learning
KW - data analysis
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.336
SN - 1101-1262
SN - 1464-360X
VL - 30
SP - V125
EP - V125
PB - Oxford Univ. Press
CY - Oxford [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Aga-Barfknecht, Heja
A1 - Hallahan, Nicole
A1 - Gottmann, Pascal
A1 - Jähnert, Markus
A1 - Osburg, Sophie
A1 - Schulze, Gunnar
A1 - Kamitz, Anne
A1 - Arends, Danny
A1 - Brockmann, Gudrun
A1 - Schallschmidt, Tanja
A1 - Lebek, Sandra
A1 - Chadt, Alexandra
A1 - Al-Hasani, Hadi
A1 - Joost, Hans-Georg
A1 - Schürmann, Annette
A1 - Vogel, Heike
T1 - Identification of novel potential type 2 diabetes genes mediating beta-cell loss and hyperglycemia using positional cloning
JF - Frontiers in genetics
N2 - Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease regulated by an interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. To understand the genetic contribution in the development of diabetes, mice varying in their disease susceptibility were crossed with the obese and diabetes-prone New Zealand obese (NZO) mouse. Subsequent whole-genome sequence scans revealed one major quantitative trait loci (QTL),Nidd/DBAon chromosome 4, linked to elevated blood glucose and reduced plasma insulin and low levels of pancreatic insulin. Phenotypical characterization of congenic mice carrying 13.6 Mbp of the critical fragment of DBA mice displayed severe hyperglycemia and impaired glucose clearance at week 10, decreased glucose response in week 13, and loss of beta-cells and pancreatic insulin in week 16. To identify the responsible gene variant(s), further congenic mice were generated and phenotyped, which resulted in a fragment of 3.3 Mbp that was sufficient to induce hyperglycemia. By combining transcriptome analysis and haplotype mapping, the number of putative responsible variant(s) was narrowed from initial 284 to 18 genes, including gene models and non-coding RNAs. Consideration of haplotype blocks reduced the number of candidate genes to four (Kti12,Osbpl9,Ttc39a, andCalr4) as potential T2D candidates as they display a differential expression in pancreatic islets and/or sequence variation. In conclusion, the integration of comparative analysis of multiple inbred populations such as haplotype mapping, transcriptomics, and sequence data substantially improved the mapping resolution of the diabetes QTLNidd/DBA. Future studies are necessary to understand the exact role of the different candidates in beta-cell function and their contribution in maintaining glycemic control.
KW - type 2 diabetes
KW - beta-cell loss
KW - insulin
KW - positional cloning
KW - transcriptomics
KW - haplotype
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.567191
SN - 1664-8021
VL - 11
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Agarwal, Ankit
A1 - Marwan, Norbert
A1 - Maheswaran, Rathinasamy
A1 - Öztürk, Ugur
A1 - Kurths, Jürgen
A1 - Merz, Bruno
T1 - Optimal design of hydrometric station networks based on complex network analysis
JF - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
N2 - Hydrometric networks play a vital role in providing information for decision-making in water resource management. They should be set up optimally to provide as much information as possible that is as accurate as possible and, at the same time, be cost-effective. Although the design of hydrometric networks is a well-identified problem in hydrometeorology and has received considerable attention, there is still scope for further advancement. In this study, we use complex network analysis, defined as a collection of nodes interconnected by links, to propose a new measure that identifies critical nodes of station networks. The approach can support the design and redesign of hydrometric station networks. The science of complex networks is a relatively young field and has gained significant momentum over the last few years in different areas such as brain networks, social networks, technological networks, or climate networks. The identification of influential nodes in complex networks is an important field of research. We propose a new node-ranking measure – the weighted degree–betweenness (WDB) measure – to evaluate the importance of nodes in a network. It is compared to previously proposed measures used on synthetic sample networks and then applied to a real-world rain gauge network comprising 1229 stations across Germany to demonstrate its applicability. The proposed measure is evaluated using the decline rate of the network efficiency and the kriging error. The results suggest that WDB effectively quantifies the importance of rain gauges, although the benefits of the method need to be investigated in more detail.
KW - identifying influential nodes
KW - climate networks
KW - rainfall
KW - streamflow
KW - synchronization
KW - precipitation
KW - classification
KW - events
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2235-2020
SN - 1027-5606
SN - 1607-7938
VL - 24
IS - 5
SP - 2235
EP - 2251
PB - Copernicus Publ.
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Agrofylax, Sotirios
T1 - Rezension zu: Alexander Schunka: Ein neuer Blick nach Westen. Deutsche Protestanten und Großbritannien (1688‑1740). - Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz, 2019. - ISBN 978-3-447-11260-4
JF - Das achtzehnte Jahrhundert
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-8353-3620-9
SN - 0722-740X
VL - 44
IS - 1
SP - 145
EP - 146
PB - Wallstein
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Al-Naji, Majd
A1 - Schlaad, Helmut
A1 - Antonietti, Markus
T1 - New (and old) monomers from biorefineries to make polymer chemistry more sustainable
JF - Macromolecular rapid communications
N2 - This opinion article describes recent approaches to use the "biorefinery" concept to lower the carbon footprint of typical mass polymers, by replacing parts of the fossil monomers with similar or even the same monomer made from regrowing dendritic biomass. Herein, the new and green catalytic synthetic routes are for lactic acid (LA), isosorbide (IS), 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), and p-xylene (pXL). Furthermore, the synthesis of two unconventional lignocellulosic biomass derivable monomers, i.e., alpha-methylene-gamma-valerolactone (MeGVL) and levoglucosenol (LG), are presented. All those have the potential to enter in a cost-effective way, also the mass market and thereby recover lost areas for polymer materials. The differences of catalytic unit operations of the biorefinery are also discussed and the challenges that must be addressed along the synthesis path of each monomers.
KW - biodegradable polymers
KW - biorefineries
KW - carbohydrate‐ based
KW - monomers
KW - green polymers
KW - lignocellulosic biomass
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.202000485
SN - 1022-1336
SN - 1521-3927
VL - 42
IS - 3
PB - Wiley-VCH
CY - Weinheim
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Al-Saedy, Ammar Jaffar Muhesin
A1 - Tarchanov, Nikolaj Nikolaevič
T1 - A degree theory for Lagrangian boundary value problems
JF - Žurnal Sibirskogo Federalʹnogo Universiteta = Journal of Siberian Federal University; mathematics & physics
N2 - We study those nonlinear partial differential equations which appear as Euler-Lagrange equations of variational problems. On defining weak boundary values of solutions to such equations we initiate the theory of Lagrangian boundary value problems in spaces of appropriate smoothness. We also analyse if the concept of mapping degree of current importance applies to Lagrangian problems.
N2 - Мы изучаем те нелинейные уравнения с частными производными, которые возникают как уравнения Эйлера-Лагранжа вариационных задач. Определяя слабые граничные значения решений таких уравнений, мы инициируем теорию лагранжевых краевых задач в функциональных пространствах подходящей гладкости. Мы также анализируем, применяется ли современная концепция степени отображения к лагранжевым проблемам.
KW - nonlinear equations
KW - Lagrangian system
KW - weak boundary values
KW - quasilinear Fredholm operators
KW - mapping degree
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.17516/1997-1397-2020-13-1-5-25
SN - 1997-1397
SN - 2313-6022
VL - 13
IS - 1
SP - 5
EP - 25
PB - Sibirskij Federalʹnyj Universitet
CY - Krasnojarsk
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Albert, Justin Amadeus
A1 - Owolabi, Victor
A1 - Gebel, Arnd
A1 - Brahms, Clemens Markus
A1 - Granacher, Urs
A1 - Arnrich, Bert
T1 - Evaluation of the Pose Tracking Performance of the Azure Kinect and Kinect v2 for Gait Analysis in Comparison with a Gold Standard
BT - A Pilot Study
JF - Sensors
N2 - Gait analysis is an important tool for the early detection of neurological diseases and for the assessment of risk of falling in elderly people. The availability of low-cost camera hardware on the market today and recent advances in Machine Learning enable a wide range of clinical and health-related applications, such as patient monitoring or exercise recognition at home. In this study, we evaluated the motion tracking performance of the latest generation of the Microsoft Kinect camera, Azure Kinect, compared to its predecessor Kinect v2 in terms of treadmill walking using a gold standard Vicon multi-camera motion capturing system and the 39 marker Plug-in Gait model. Five young and healthy subjects walked on a treadmill at three different velocities while data were recorded simultaneously with all three camera systems. An easy-to-administer camera calibration method developed here was used to spatially align the 3D skeleton data from both Kinect cameras and the Vicon system. With this calibration, the spatial agreement of joint positions between the two Kinect cameras and the reference system was evaluated. In addition, we compared the accuracy of certain spatio-temporal gait parameters, i.e., step length, step time, step width, and stride time calculated from the Kinect data, with the gold standard system. Our results showed that the improved hardware and the motion tracking algorithm of the Azure Kinect camera led to a significantly higher accuracy of the spatial gait parameters than the predecessor Kinect v2, while no significant differences were found between the temporal parameters. Furthermore, we explain in detail how this experimental setup could be used to continuously monitor the progress during gait rehabilitation in older people.
KW - motion capture
KW - evaluation
KW - human motion
KW - RGB-D cameras
KW - digital health
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185104
SN - 1424-8220
VL - 20
IS - 18
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Albrecht, Anna Helena
T1 - Wechselwirkungen zwischen Art. 6 EMRK und nationalem Strafverfahrensrecht
T3 - Rechtsvergleichung und Rechtsvereinheitlichung
N2 - Das Recht auf ein faires Verfahren gemäß Art. 6 der Europäischen Menschenrechtskonvention (EMRK) gewährleistet nach der ständigen Rechtsprechung des Europäischen Gerichtshofs für Menschenrechte die Fairness des Verfahrens insgesamt (»overall fairness«). Verkürzungen einzelner Verteidigungsrechte des Angeklagten können danach unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen innerhalb des Verfahrens ausgeglichen werden. Anna H. Albrecht leitet aus diesem Maßstab der Gesamtfairness ab, dass sich das nationale Strafverfahrensrecht und die Anforderungen des Art. 6 Abs. 1 und 3 EMRK an ebendieses wechselseitig beeinflussen. Sie analysiert, inwieweit der Gerichtshof solche Wechselwirkungen anzuerkennen bereit ist, und arbeitet sie am Beispiel des Rechts des Angeklagten auf Anwesenheit in der erstinstanzlichen Hauptverhandlung heraus, indem sie das einschlägige englische und deutsche Recht vergleicht und in Beziehung zu der entsprechenden Gewährleistung in Art. 6 Abs. 1, 3 EMRK setzt.
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-16-159774-9
SN - 978-3-16-159781-7
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1628/978-3-16-159781-7
SN - 1861-5449
SN - 2569-426X
VL - 73
PB - Mohr Siebeck
CY - Tübingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Albrecht, Anna Helena
T1 - Untreue als politisches Delikt
JF - Goltdammer’s Archiv für Strafrecht
Y1 - 2020
SN - 0017-1956
VL - 167
IS - 12
SP - 703
EP - 723
PB - C.F. Müller
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Albrecht, Sophia
A1 - Class, Fabian
A1 - Feuerstein, Collin
A1 - Kohler, Ulrich
A1 - Krawietz, Marian
T1 - The Potsdam grievance statistics file (PGSF)
BT - Codebuch und Methodenbericht
N2 - Der Potsdam Grievance Statistics File (PGSF) ist eine historische Datensammlung von Beschwerden, sog. Eingaben, die in der DDR von deren Bürgern eingereicht wurden. Die Eingaben wurden schriftlich oder mündlich gestellt und waren an staatliche Institutionen gerichtet. Der Staat zählte diese Eingaben und kategorisierte sie in Eingabenstatistiken.
Der PGSF enthält Eingabenstatistiken des Zeitraums 1970–1989 einer Wahrscheinlichkeitsstichprobe von im Jahr 1990 existierenden Kreisen. Zusätzlich finden sich Eingabenstatistiken eines Convenience-Samples von Kreisen aus dem Zeitraum 1970–1989.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.4232/1.13615
ER -
TY - GEN
A1 - Albrecht, Sophia
A1 - Class, Fabian
A1 - Goebel, Jan
A1 - Kohler, Ulrich
A1 - Krawietz, Marian
T1 - Leben in der ehemaligen DDR
BT - Dokumentation der Daten des Zusatzfragebogens im Rahmen der Befragung “Leben in Deutschland 2018” / Living in the GDR
T2 - SOEP Survey Papers
Y1 - 2019
PB - German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin)
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Albrecht, Torsten
A1 - Winkelmann, Ricarda
A1 - Levermann, Anders
T1 - Glacial-cycle simulations of the Antarctic Ice Sheet with the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM)
BT - part 2: parameter ensemble analysis
JF - The Cryosphere : TC ; an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union
N2 - The Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM) is applied to the Antarctic Ice Sheet over the last two glacial cycles (approximate to 210 000 years) with a resolution of 16 km. An ensemble of 256 model runs is analyzed in which four relevant model parameters have been systematically varied using full-factorial parameter sampling. Parameters and plausible parameter ranges have been identified in a companion paper (Albrecht et al., 2020) and are associated with ice dynamics, climatic forcing, basal sliding and bed deformation and represent distinct classes of model uncertainties. The model is scored against both modern and geologic data, including reconstructed grounding-line locations, elevation-age data, ice thickness, surface velocities and uplift rates. An aggregated score is computed for each ensemble member that measures the overall model-data misfit, including measurement uncertainty in terms of a Gaussian error model (Briggs and Tarasov, 2013). The statistical method used to analyze the ensemble simulation results follows closely the simple averaging method described in Pollard et al. (2016).
This analysis reveals clusters of best-fit parameter combinations, and hence a likely range of relevant model and boundary parameters, rather than individual best-fit parameters. The ensemble of reconstructed histories of Antarctic Ice Sheet volumes provides a score-weighted likely range of sea-level contributions since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) of 9.4 +/- 4.1m (or 6.5 +/- 2.0 x 10(6) km(3)), which is at the upper range of most previous studies. The last deglaciation occurs in all ensemble simulations after around 12 000 years before present and hence after the meltwater pulse 1A (MWP1a). Our ensemble analysis also provides an estimate of parametric uncertainty bounds for the present-day state that can be used for PISM projections of future sea-level contributions from the Antarctic Ice Sheet.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-633-2020
SN - 1994-0416
SN - 1994-0424
VL - 14
IS - 2
SP - 633
EP - 656
PB - Copernicus Publ.
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Albrecht, Torsten
A1 - Winkelmann, Ricarda
A1 - Levermann, Anders
T1 - Glacial-cycle simulations of the Antarctic Ice Sheet with the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM)
BT - Part 1: boundary conditions and climatic forcing
JF - The Cryosphere : TC ; an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union
N2 - Simulations of the glacial-interglacial history of the Antarctic Ice Sheet provide insights into dynamic threshold behavior and estimates of the ice sheet's contributions to global sea-level changes for the past, present and future. However, boundary conditions are weakly constrained, in particular at the interface of the ice sheet and the bedrock. Also climatic forcing covering the last glacial cycles is uncertain, as it is based on sparse proxy data.
We use the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM) to investigate the dynamic effects of different choices of input data, e.g., for modern basal heat flux or reconstructions of past changes of sea level and surface temperature. As computational resources are limited, glacial-cycle simulations are performed using a comparably coarse model grid of 16 km and various parameterizations, e.g., for basal sliding, iceberg calving, or for past variations in precipitation and ocean temperatures. In this study we evaluate the model's transient sensitivity to corresponding parameter choices and to different boundary conditions over the last two glacial cycles and provide estimates of involved uncertainties. We also discuss isolated and combined effects of climate and sea-level forcing. Hence, this study serves as a "cookbook" for the growing community of PISM users and paleo-ice sheet modelers in general.
For each of the different model uncertainties with regard to climatic forcing, ice and Earth dynamics, and basal processes, we select one representative model parameter that captures relevant uncertainties and motivates corresponding parameter ranges that bound the observed ice volume at present. The four selected parameters are systematically varied in a parameter ensemble analysis, which is described in a companion paper.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-599-2020
SN - 1994-0416
SN - 1994-0424
VL - 14
IS - 2
SP - 599
EP - 632
PB - Copernicus
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Aldiyarov, Abdurakhman
A1 - Sokolov, Dmitriy
A1 - Akylbayeva, Aigerim
A1 - Nurmukan, Assel
A1 - Tokmoldin, Nurlan
T1 - On thermal stability of cryovacuum deposited CH4+H2O films
JF - Low temperature physics
N2 - Whereas stable homogenous states of aqueous hydrocarbon solutions are typically observed at high temperatures and pressures far beyond the critical values corresponding to individual components, the stability of such system may be preserved upon transition into the region of metastable states at low temperatures and low pressures. This work is dedicated to the study of the thermal stability of a water-methane mixture formed by cryogenic vapor phase deposition. The obtained thin films were studied using vibrational spectroscopy in the temperature range of 16-180 K. During thermal annealing of the samples, characteristic vibrational C-H modes of methane were monitored alongside the chamber pressure to register both structural changes and desorption of the film material. The obtained results reveal that upon the co-deposition of methane and water, methane molecules appear both in non-bound and trapped states. The observed broadening of the characteristic C-H stretching mode at 3010 cm(-1) upon an increase in temperature of the sample from 16 to 90 K, followed by narrowing of the peak as the temperature is reduced back to 16 K, indicates localization of methane molecules within the water matrix at lower temperatures.
KW - molecular crystals
KW - water-methane films
KW - vibrational spectroscopy
KW - low
KW - temperature
KW - methane localization
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/10.0002156
SN - 1063-777X
SN - 1090-6517
VL - 46
IS - 11
SP - 1121
EP - 1124
PB - American Institute of Physics
CY - Melville
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Aleksandrova, Krasimira
T1 - Understanding the link between obesity and colorectal cancer
BT - the role of biomarkers of iflammation, immunity and metabolic dysfunction
Y1 - 2020
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Alexoudi, Xanthippi
A1 - Mallonn, Matthias
A1 - Keles, Engin
A1 - Poppenhäger, Katja
A1 - von Essen, Carolina
A1 - Strassmeier, Klaus
T1 - Role of the impact parameter in exoplanet transmission spectroscopy
JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2 - Context
Transmission spectroscopy is a promising tool for the atmospheric characterization of transiting exoplanets. Because the planetary signal is faint, discrepancies have been reported regarding individual targets.
Aims
We investigate the dependence of the estimated transmission spectrum on deviations of the orbital parameters of the star-planet system that are due to the limb-darkening effects of the host star. We describe how the uncertainty on the orbital parameters translates into an uncertainty on the planetary spectral slope.
Methods
We created synthetic transit light curves in seven different wavelength bands, from the near-ultraviolet to the near-infrared, and fit them with transit models parameterized by fixed deviating values of the impact parameter b. First, we performed a qualitative study to illustrate the effect by presenting the changes in the transmission spectrum slope with different deviations of b. Then, we quantified these variations by creating an error envelope (for centrally transiting, off-center, and grazing systems) based on a derived typical uncertainty on b from the literature. Finally, we compared the variations in the transmission spectra for different spectral types of host stars.
Results
Our simulations show a wavelength-dependent offset that is more pronounced at the blue wavelengths where the limb-darkening effect is stronger. This offset introduces a slope in the planetary transmission spectrum that becomes steeper with increasing b values. Variations of b by positive or negative values within its uncertainty interval introduce positive or negative slopes, thus the formation of an error envelope. The amplitude from blue optical to near-infrared wavelength for a typical uncertainty on b corresponds to one atmospheric pressure scale height and more. This impact parameter degeneracy is confirmed for different host types; K stars present prominently steeper slopes, while M stars indicate features at the blue wavelengths.
Conclusions
We demonstrate that transmission spectra can be hard to interpret, basically because of the limitations in defining a precise impact parameter value for a transiting exoplanet. This consequently limits a characterization of its atmosphere.
KW - planets and satellites: atmospheres
KW - planets and satellites: gaseous
KW - planets
Y1 - 2020
U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-605378
SN - 0004-6361
SN - 1432-0746
VL - 640
PB - EDP Sciences
CY - Les Ulis
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Alirezaeizanjani, Zahra
A1 - Großmann, Robert
A1 - Pfeifer, Veronika
A1 - Hintsche, Marius
A1 - Beta, Carsten
T1 - Chemotaxis strategies of bacteria with multiple run modes
JF - Science advances
N2 - Bacterial chemotaxis-a fundamental example of directional navigation in the living world-is key to many biological processes, including the spreading of bacterial infections. Many bacterial species were recently reported to exhibit several distinct swimming modes-the flagella may, for example, push the cell body or wrap around it. How do the different run modes shape the chemotaxis strategy of a multimode swimmer? Here, we investigate chemotactic motion of the soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida as a model organism. By simultaneously tracking the position of the cell body and the configuration of its flagella, we demonstrate that individual run modes show different chemotactic responses in nutrition gradients and, thus, constitute distinct behavioral states. On the basis of an active particle model, we demonstrate that switching between multiple run states that differ in their speed and responsiveness provides the basis for robust and efficient chemotaxis in complex natural habitats.
KW - exploit
KW - flagellum
KW - instability
KW - time
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz6153
SN - 2375-2548
VL - 6
IS - 22
PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Alisch, Julia
A1 - Kirchner, Vera
T1 - Escape Rooms - eine Methode mit Potenzial für die ökonomische und politische Bildung?
JF - Unterricht Wirtschaft + Politik
Y1 - 2020
SN - 2191-6624
SN - 2751-1243
IS - 03
SP - 53
EP - 55
PB - Friedrich Verlag GmbH
CY - Hannover
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Alisch, Julia
A1 - Kirchner, Vera
T1 - Escape Rooms
BT - Eine Methode mit Potenzial für die ökonomische und politische Bildung?
JF - Unterricht Wirtschaft + Politik
Y1 - 2020
SN - 2191-6624
VL - 2020
IS - 3
SP - 53
EP - 55
PB - Friedrich Verlag
CY - Hannover
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Allroggen, Niklas
A1 - Beiter, Daniel
A1 - Tronicke, Jens
T1 - Ground-penetrating radar monitoring of fast subsurface processes
JF - Geophysics
N2 - Earth and environmental sciences rely on detailed information about subsurface processes. Whereas geophysical techniques typically provide highly resolved spatial images, monitoring subsurface processes is often associated with enormous effort and, therefore, is usually limited to point information in time or space. Thus, the development of spatial and temporal continuous field monitoring methods is a major challenge for the understanding of subsurface processes. We have developed a novel method for ground-penetrating-radar (GPR) reflection monitoring of subsurface flow processes under unsaturated conditions and applied it to a hydrological infiltration experiment performed across a periglacial slope deposit in northwest Luxembourg. Our approach relies on a spatial and temporal quasicontinuous data recording and processing, followed by an attribute analysis based on analyzing differences between individual time steps. The results demonstrate the ability of time-lapse GPR monitoring to visualize the spatial and temporal dynamics of preferential flow processes with a spatial resolution in the order of a few decimeters and temporal resolution in the order of a few minutes. We observe excellent agreement with water table information originating from different boreholes. This demonstrates the potential of surface-based GPR reflection monitoring to observe the spatiotemporal dynamics of water movements in the subsurface. It provides valuable, and so far not accessible, information for example in the field of hydrology and pedology that allows studying the actual subsurface processes rather than deducing them from point information.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1190/GEO2019-0737.1
SN - 0016-8033
SN - 1942-2156
VL - 85
IS - 3
SP - A19
EP - A23
PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists
CY - Tulsa
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Amaechi, Mary Chimaobi
A1 - Georgi, Doreen
T1 - On optional wh-/focus fronting in Igbo
BT - a SYN-SEM-PHON interaction
JF - Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft
N2 - This paper discusses surface optionality in focus fronting in the Benue-Congo language Igbo. A focused XP can occur in-situ or ex-situ. We argue that the optionality does not have its origins in the syntax: in fact, exactly one focused XP has to move to the designated focus position in the left periphery in the syntax. The alternation between in-situ and ex-situ rather arises at PF: either the lowest or the topmost copy of the focus chain is pronounced. The choice is determined by semantic-pragmatic factors, i. e., we see an interaction between PF and LF. This constitutes a challenge for a strict version of the Y-model of grammar.
KW - (A)over-bar-movement
KW - focus realization
KW - PF-optionality
KW - Y-model
KW - copy
KW - pronounciation
KW - Benue-Congo languages
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zfs-2020-2017
SN - 0721-9067
SN - 1613-3706
VL - 39
IS - 3
SP - 299
EP - 327
PB - De Gruyter
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Amatuzzi, Antonella
A1 - Ayres-Bennett, Wendy
A1 - Gerstenberg, Annette
A1 - Schosler, Lene
A1 - Skupien-Dekens, Carine
T1 - Changement linguistique et périodisation du français (pré)classique
BT - deux études de cas à partir des corpus du RCFC
JF - Journal of French language studies
N2 - RESUME Cette etude propose d'explorer et d'identifier des moments particuliers oU le changement linguistique se produit, afin de confirmer ou de rejeter l'idee d'une periode specifique designee par le terme << francais preclassique >>, avec une rupture - ou frontiere chronolectale - detectable autour de 1630 (cf. Ayres-Bennett et Caron, 2016). Afin de verifier dans quelle mesure cette chronologie peut etre confirmee, il est necessaire de multiplier des analyses fines et pointues sur des traits linguistiques qui ont subi des changements a l'epoque en question et d'interroger une gamme de textes qui refletent la variation discursive et pragmatique, au lieu de consulter le canon des traditions textuelles actuellement disponibles sur des bases numerisees, qui sont essentiellement litteraires. C'est pourquoi nous avons consulte des sources de nature differente, qui pourraient attester des usages emergents, a savoir les corpus du Reseau Corpus Francais Preclassique et Classique (RCFC). Seront presentes les resultats de deux etudes de cas (la recategorisation des formes dedans/dessous/dessus/dehors et la montee des clitiques), abondamment discutes par les remarqueurs.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0959269520000058
SN - 0959-2695
SN - 1474-0079
VL - 30
IS - 3
SP - 301
EP - 326
PB - Cambridge Univ. Press
CY - Cambridge
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ambühl, Annemarie
ED - Ambühl, Annemarie
T1 - Vorwort: tessellae
JF - thersites 11: tessellae – Birthday Issue for Christine Walde
N2 - Prolegomena to thersites 11, "tessellae – Birthday Issue for Christine Walde"
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.34679/thersites.vol11.185
SN - 2364-7612
VL - 2020
IS - 11
SP - i
EP - vi
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Amen, Rahma
A1 - Nagel, Rebecca
A1 - Hedt, Maximilian
A1 - Kirschbaum, Frank
A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph
T1 - Morphological differentiation in African weakly electric fish (genus Campylomormyrus) relates to substrate preferences
JF - Evolutionary Ecology
N2 - Under an ecological speciation scenario, the radiation of African weakly electric fish (genus Campylomormyrus) is caused by an adaptation to different food sources, associated with diversification of the electric organ discharge (EOD). This study experimentally investigates a phenotype-environment correlation to further support this scenario. Our behavioural experiments showed that three sympatric Campylomormyrus species with significantly divergent snout morphology differentially react to variation in substrate structure. While the short snout species (C. tamandua) exhibits preference to sandy substrate, the long snout species (C. rhynchophorus) significantly prefers a stone substrate for feeding. A third species with intermediate snout size (C. compressirostris) does not exhibit any substrate preference. This preference is matched with the observation that long-snouted specimens probe deeper into the stone substrate, presumably enabling them to reach prey more distant to the substrate surface. These findings suggest that the diverse feeding apparatus in the genus Campylomormyrus may have evolved in adaptation to specific microhabitats, i.e., substrate structures where these fish forage. Whether the parallel divergence in EOD is functionally related to this adaptation or solely serves as a prezygotic isolation mechanism remains to be elucidated.
KW - ecological speciation
KW - feeding behaviour
KW - electric fish
KW - trophic apparatus
KW - evolutionary ecology
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-020-10043-3
SN - 0269-7653
SN - 1573-8477
VL - 34
IS - 3
SP - 427
EP - 437
PB - Springer Science
CY - Dordrecht
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Andresen, Lea
T1 - Fortgeschrittenenklausur – Öffentliches Recht
BT - Kommunalrecht – Wolfsfreie Zone
JF - Juristische Schulung
Y1 - 2020
SN - 0022-6939
VL - 60
IS - 7
SP - 656
EP - 660
PB - C.H. Beck
CY - München
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Angelopoulos, Michael
T1 - Mechanisms of sub-aquatic permafrost evolution in Arctic coastal environments
BT - field observations and modelling of submerged ice-rich permafrost deposits and thermokarst lagoons in northeastern Siberia
N2 - Subsea permafrost is perennially cryotic earth material that lies offshore. Most submarine permafrost is relict terrestrial permafrost beneath the Arctic shelf seas, was inundated after the last glaciation, and has been warming and thawing ever since. It is a reservoir and confining layer for gas hydrates and has the potential to release greenhouse gases and affect global climate change. Furthermore, subsea permafrost thaw destabilizes coastal infrastructure. While numerous studies focus on its distribution and rate of thaw over glacial timescales, these studies have not been brought together and examined in their entirety to assess rates of thaw beneath the Arctic Ocean. In addition, there is still a large gap in our understanding of sub-aquatic permafrost processes on finer spatial and temporal scales. The degradation rate of subsea permafrost is influenced by the initial conditions upon submergence. Terrestrial permafrost that has already undergone warming, partial thawing or loss of ground ice may react differently to inundation by seawater compared to previously undisturbed ice-rich permafrost. Heat conduction models are sufficient to model the thaw of thick subsea permafrost from the bottom, but few studies have included salt diffusion for top-down chemical degradation in shallow waters characterized by mean annual cryotic conditions on the seabed. Simulating salt transport is critical for assessing degradation rates for recently inundated permafrost, which may accelerate in response to warming shelf waters, a lengthening open water season, and faster coastal erosion rates. In the nearshore zone, degradation rates are also controlled by seasonal processes like bedfast ice, brine injection, seasonal freezing under floating ice conditions and warm freshwater discharge from large rivers. The interplay of all these variables is complex and needs further research. To fill this knowledge gap, this thesis investigates sub-aquatic permafrost along the southern coast of the Bykovsky Peninsula in eastern Siberia. Sediment cores and ground temperature profiles were collected at a freshwater thermokarst lake and two thermokarst lagoons in 2017. At this site, the coastline is retreating, and seawater is inundating various types of permafrost: sections of ice-rich Pleistocene permafrost (Yedoma) cliffs at the coastline alternate with lagoons and lower elevation previously thawed and refrozen permafrost basins (Alases). Electrical resistivity surveys with floating electrodes were carried out to map ice-bearing permafrost and taliks (unfrozen zones in the permafrost, usually formed beneath lakes) along the diverse coastline and in the lagoons. Combined with the borehole data, the electrical resistivity results permit estimation of contemporary ice-bearing permafrost characteristics, distribution, and occasionally, thickness. To conceptualize possible geomorphological and marine evolutionary pathways to the formation of the observed layering, numerical models were applied. The developed model incorporates salt diffusion and seasonal dynamics at the seabed, including bedfast ice. Even along coastlines with mean annual non-cryotic boundary conditions like the Bykovsky Peninsula, the modelling results show that salt diffusion minimizes seasonal freezing of the seabed, leading to faster degradation rates compared to models without salt diffusion. Seasonal processes are also important for thermokarst lake to lagoon transitions because lagoons can generate cold hypersaline conditions underneath the ice cover. My research suggests that ice-bearing permafrost can form in a coastal lagoon environment, even under floating ice. Alas basins, however, may degrade more than twice as fast as Yedoma permafrost in the first several decades of inundation. In addition to a lower ice content compared to Yedoma permafrost, Alas basins may be pre-conditioned with salt from adjacent lagoons. Considering the widespread distribution of thermokarst in the Arctic, its integration into geophysical models and offshore surveys is important to quantify and understand subsea permafrost degradation and aggradation. Through numerical modelling, fieldwork, and a circum-Arctic review of subsea permafrost literature, this thesis provides new insights into sub-aquatic permafrost evolution in saline coastal environments.
KW - permafrost
KW - subsea
KW - submarine
KW - thermokarst
KW - lagoons
KW - salt diffusion
KW - electrical resistivity
Y1 - 2020
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Angelopoulos, Michael
A1 - Overduin, Pier Paul
A1 - Westermann, Sebastian
A1 - Tronicke, Jens
A1 - Strauss, Jens
A1 - Schirrmeister, Lutz
A1 - Biskaborn, Boris
A1 - Liebner, Susanne
A1 - Maksimov, Georgii
A1 - Grigoriev, Mikhail N.
A1 - Grosse, Guido
T1 - Thermokarst lake to lagoon transitions in Eastern Siberia
BT - do submerged taliks refreeze?
JF - Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface
N2 - As the Arctic coast erodes, it drains thermokarst lakes, transforming them into lagoons, and, eventually, integrates them into subsea permafrost. Lagoons represent the first stage of a thermokarst lake transition to a marine setting and possibly more saline and colder upper boundary conditions. In this research, borehole data, electrical resistivity surveying, and modeling of heat and salt diffusion were carried out at Polar Fox Lagoon on the Bykovsky Peninsula, Siberia. Polar Fox Lagoon is a seasonally isolated water body connected to Tiksi Bay through a channel, leading to hypersaline waters under the ice cover. The boreholes in the center of the lagoon revealed floating ice and a saline cryotic bed underlain by a saline cryotic talik, a thin ice-bearing permafrost layer, and unfrozen ground. The bathymetry showed that most of the lagoon had bedfast ice in spring. In bedfast ice areas, the electrical resistivity profiles suggested that an unfrozen saline layer was underlain by a thick layer of refrozen talik. The modeling showed that thermokarst lake taliks can refreeze when submerged in saltwater with mean annual bottom water temperatures below or slightly above 0 degrees C. This occurs, because the top-down chemical degradation of newly formed ice-bearing permafrost is slower than the refreezing of the talik. Hence, lagoons may precondition taliks with a layer of ice-bearing permafrost before encroachment by the sea, and this frozen layer may act as a cap on gas migration out of the underlying talik.
KW - thermokarst lake
KW - talik
KW - lagoon
KW - subsea permafrost
KW - salt diffusion
KW - Siberia
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JF005424
SN - 2169-9003
SN - 2169-9011
VL - 125
IS - 10
PB - American Geophysical Union
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Angerer, Marie-Luise
T1 - No Stopping Points Anymore
BT - am Beispiel des Films Annihilation und anderer Geschichten
JF - Feministisches Spekulieren : Genealogien, Narrationen, Zeitlichkeiten
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-86599-446-2
SP - 96
EP - 108
PB - Kulturverlag Kadmos
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Angerer, Marie-Luise
ED - Angerer, Marie-Luise
T1 - Affective milieus, intensive couplings
BT - Nonconsciousness
T3 - Affective Transformations
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-95796-165-5
SP - 87
EP - 100
PB - meson press
CY - Lüneburg
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Angerer, Marie-Luise
ED - Ladewig, Rebekka
ED - Seppi, Angelika
T1 - Zu den Bedingungen affektiver Milieus
T3 - Milieu Fragmente : Technologische und ästhetische Perspektiven
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-95905-272-6
PB - Spector Books
CY - Leipzig
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Annemarie, Ambühl
A1 - Weiss, Irene M.
A1 - Schierl, Petra
A1 - Schmitzer, Ulrich
A1 - Kirichenko, Alexander
A1 - Heinemann, Matthias
A1 - Weiß, Adrian
A1 - Esposito, Paolo
A1 - Grewing, Farouk F.
A1 - Merli, Elena
A1 - Feichtinger, Barbara
A1 - Seng, Helmut
A1 - Wieber, Anja
A1 - Schollmeyer, Patrick
A1 - Kranzdorf, Anna
A1 - Werner, Eva
A1 - Wöhrle, Georg
A1 - Brinker, Wolfram
A1 - Di Rocco, Emilia
A1 - Wesselmann, Katharina
A1 - Löbcke, Konrad
A1 - Benedetti, Ginevra
ED - Ambühl, Annemarie
T1 - tessellae – Birthday Issue for Christine Walde
T2 - thersites
N2 - This special birthday issue for Christine Walde, co-founder and co-editor of thersites, features contributions from colleagues and friends. The articles, essays, and book reviews, centering around the honoranda’s research interests as well as focusing on core topics of thersites, form a thematically varied mosaic (tessellae): innovative constructions of literary genres and poetics (especially bucolic, elegy, epic, and epigram), images of the city of Rome and its counterparts, sleep and dreams, history of classical scholarship, gender studies, and classical reception studies.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.34679/thersites.vol11
SN - 2364-7612
VL - 2020
IS - 11
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ansmann, Moritz
A1 - Seyfried, Markus
T1 - Zwischen Anspruch und Realität
BT - evidenzbasierte Qualitätsentwicklung durch Integration von Qualitätsmanagement und Hochschuldidaktik
JF - HDS.Journal
N2 - Eine evidenzbasierte Gestaltung von Studium und Lehre, wie sie heute normativ eingefordert wird, bedarf des integrierten Zusammenwirkens von Qualitätsmanagement und Hochschuldidaktik – aber gibt es dieses in der Praxis? Mit Blick auf die allgemeine Befundlage, aber auch anhand einer eigenen empirischen Untersuchung zeigt der Beitrag diesbezüglich auf, dass Qualitätsmanagement und Hochschuldidaktik als weitgehend desintegrierte Funktionsbereiche wahrgenommen werden und Evidenzbasierung in der Praxis folglich keinen sehr hohen Stellenwert genießt. Ausgehend von einer Ursachenanalyse wird auf die dysfunktionalen, aber auch auf die funktionalen Auswirkungen dieser Separierung aufmerksam gemacht.
KW - Qualitätsmanagement
KW - Qualitätssicherung
KW - Evidenzbasierung
KW - Organisationsforschung
KW - Zusammenarbeit
KW - quality management
KW - quality assurance
KW - evidence-based research
KW - organizational research
KW - collaboration
Y1 - 2020
UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa2-725827
SN - 2195-0334
VL - 2020
IS - 1
SP - 6
EP - 11
PB - Hochschuldidaktisches Zentrum Sachsen (HDS)
CY - Leipzig
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Apanasewicz, Anna
A1 - Groth, Detlef
A1 - Scheffler, Christiane
A1 - Hermanussen, Michael
A1 - Piosek, Magdalena
A1 - Wychowaniec, Patrycja
A1 - Babiszewska, Magdalena
A1 - Barbarska, Olga
A1 - Ziomkiewicz, Anna
T1 - Traumatized women’s infants are bigger than children of mothers without traumas
JF - Journal of biological and clinical anthropology : Anthropologischer Anzeiger
N2 - Life history theory predicts that experiencing stress during the early period of life will result in accelerated growth and earlier maturation. Indeed, animal and some human studies documented a faster pace of growth in the offspring of stressed mothers. Recent advances in epigenetics suggest that the effects of early developmental stress might be passed across the generations. However, evidence for such intergenerational transmission is scarce, at least in humans. Here we report the results of the study investigating the association between childhood trauma in mothers and physical growth in their children during the first months of life. Anthropometric and psychological data were collected from 99 mothers and their exclusively breastfed children at the age of 5 months. The mothers completed the Early Life Stress Questionnaire to assess childhood trauma. The questionnaire includes questions about the most traumatic events that they had experienced before the age of 12 years. Infant growth was evaluated based on the anthropometric measurements of weight, length, and head circumference. Also, to control for the size of maternal investment, the composition of breast milk samples taken at the time of infant anthropometric measurements was investigated. The children of mothers with higher early life stress tended to have higher weight and bigger head circumference. The association between infant anthropometrics and early maternal stress was not affected by breast milk composition, suggesting that the effect of maternal stress on infant growth was independent of the size of maternal investment. Our results demonstrate that early maternal trauma may affect the pace of growth in the offspring and, in consequence, lead to a faster life history strategy. This effect might be explained via changes in offspring epigenetics.
KW - maternal trauma
KW - early life trauma
KW - breastfed infant development
KW - POLS
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2020/1285
SN - 0003-5548
SN - 2363-7099
VL - 77
IS - 5
SP - 359
EP - 374
PB - Schweizerbart science publishers
CY - Stuttgart
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Apelojg, Benjamin
T1 - DieFelix-App
BT - neue Wege zur bedürfnis- und emotionsorientierten Gestaltung von Schule und Unterricht
JF - Bildung, Schule und Digitalisierung
N2 - Emotionen besitzen eine große Bedeutung bei Lernprozessen. Nach der „Control-Value“-Theorie wird davon ausgegangen, dass positive Emotionen sich positiv, nega tive Emotionen sich hingegen negativ auf den Lernprozess auswirken können. Die Felix-App greift solche Effekte auf, um das Befinden und die Bedürfnisse von Lehrenden und Lernenden in Echtzeit zu erfassen und direkt in Form anschaulicher Grafiken zurück-zumelden. Der theoretische Hintergrund und Best-Practice-Beispiele werden erläutert.
KW - Bedürfnisgerechtes Lernen
KW - Emotionen und Lernen
KW - Motivation
KW - digitales Lernen
Y1 - 2020
UR - https://www.waxmann.com/index.php?eID=download&buchnr=4246
SN - 978-3-8309-4246-7
SN - 978-3-8309-9246-2
U6 - https://doi.org/10.31244/9783830992462
SP - 133
EP - 138
PB - Waxmann
CY - Münster
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Apelojg, Benjamin
T1 - Emotionen
BT - Stolpersteine, Krücken oder Antriebsmotor in der Hochschullehre
JF - Digitalisierung in der Hochschullehre : Aspekte und Perspektiven der Transformation
N2 - Im Jahr 2020 ein E-Book zur Digitalisierung der Hochschullehre herauszubringen, scheint auf den ersten Blick ein sehr zeitgemäßes Projekt zu sein. Wie kaum ein anderes Thema bestimmt die Digitalisierung das Sprechen von und über Bildung, Didaktik und Pädagogik an der Hochschule. Durch die COVID-19-Pandemie, die in Deutschland zu einer bisher nie dagewesenen Umstellung der Präsenzlehre auf digitale Formate führte, ist etwa der Bedarf an Einführungen und Praxistipps für Online-Lehre stark gestiegen.
Was mit der Corona-Krise deutlich wird, ist, dass Digitalisierung oft als gegeben vorausgesetzt wurde, über die alle Bescheid wissen müssen und unter der alle schon irgendwie das Gleiche verstehen. Es ist ein Thema, zu dem sich die Hochschulen und die Hochschuldidaktik verhalten müssen.
Dabei wird aber auch deutlich, dass die Voraussetzungen für eine sozial gerechte und didaktisch fundierte Online-Lehre noch nicht ausreichend geschaffen sind. Durch die rasche Digitalisierung von Präsenzformaten ergeben sich etwa neue Anforderungen für eine inklusive Lehre, die entsprechend Zeit für die Umsetzung benötigen.
Mit unserer Auswahl an verschiedenen, sich überschneidenden und ergänzenden Perspektiven hoffen wir, das große Sprechen über die Digitalisierung transparenter gemacht zu haben. Es ist auch unsere Hoffnung, damit Ansatzpunkte für weitere Diskussionen identifiziert zu haben, die bisher unberücksichtigt blieben.
KW - Emotionen
KW - Hochschullehre
KW - Digitalisierung
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-96037-341-4
SN - 978-3-96037-340-7
U6 - https://doi.org/10.36197/DUZOPEN.014
SP - 57
EP - 71
PB - DUZ Medienhaus
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Apelojg, Benjamin
A1 - Hochmuth, Jörg
A1 - Röhring, Anne
T1 - NiB-Scout
BT - Lernarrangements im Bäckerhandwerk zur Förderung nachhaltigkeitsorientierter beruflicher Handlungskompetenzen
BT - learning arrangements in the bakery trade for the promotion of sustainability-oriented vocational competencies
JF - HiBiFo – Haushalt in Bildung & Forschung
N2 - Mit dem Projekt NiB-Scout soll die ausbildungsorientierte Verankerung von Nachhaltigkeitsaspekten im Bäckerhandwerk geleistet werden. In dem Beitrag werden das domänenspezifische Nachhaltigkeitsverständnis, der damit verbundene Kompetenzansatz sowie der methodisch-didaktische Ansatz anhand eines Best Practice Beispiels vorgestellt. (DIPF/Orig.)
N2 - The NiB-Scout project aims to anchor sustainability aspects in the bakery trade in a training-orientated manner. In this paper, the domain-specific understanding of sustainability, the associated competence approach, and the methodological-didactical approach are presented using a best practice example. (DIPF/Orig.)
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.25656/01:25521
SN - 2193-8806
SN - 2196-1662
VL - 9
IS - 3
SP - 99
EP - 115
PB - Budrich
CY - Stuttgart
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Apelt, Maja
A1 - Dosdall, Henrik
A1 - Trautwein, Ray
T1 - Wie das Recht in die Organisation kommt – Die Akteur*innen des Antidiskriminierungsrechts in männlich geprägten Organisationen
JF - Kritische Justiz
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/0023-4834-2020-4-445
SN - 0023-4834
SN - 2942-3295
VL - 53
IS - 4
SP - 445
EP - 456
PB - Nomos
CY - Baden-Baden
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Apriyanto, Ardha
A1 - Tambunan, Van Basten
T1 - The complete mitochondrial genome of oil palm pollinating weevil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust
BT - (Coleoptera : Curculionidae)
JF - Mitochondrial DNA: Part B
N2 - Elaeidobius kamerunicusis the most important insect pollinator in oil palm plantations. In this study, the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) ofE. kamerunicus(17.729 bp), a member of the Curculionidae family, will be reported. The mitogenome consisted of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and a putative control region (CR). Phylogenetic analysis based on 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) using maximum Likelihood (ML) methods indicated thatE. kamerunicusbelongs to the Curculionidae family. This mitochondrial genome provides essential information for understanding genetic populations, phylogenetics, molecular evolution, and other biological applications in this species.
KW - Mitogenome
KW - oil palm
KW - pollinator
KW - phylogeny
KW - weevil
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2020.1823899
SN - 2380-2359
VL - 5
IS - 3
SP - 3450
EP - 3452
PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY - Abingdon
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Arazi, Hamid
A1 - Asadi, Abbas
A1 - Khalkhali, Farhood
A1 - Boullosa, Daniel
A1 - Hackney, Anthony C.
A1 - Granacher, Urs
A1 - Zouhal, Hassane
T1 - Association Between the Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio and Injury Occurrence in Young Male Team Soccer Players
BT - A Preliminary Study
N2 - This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR), based upon participant session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), using two models [(1) rolling averages (ACWRRA); and (2) exponentially weighted moving averages (ACWREWMA)] and the injury rate in young male team soccer players aged 17.1 ± 0.7 years during a competitive mesocycle. Twenty-two players were enrolled in this study and performed four training sessions per week with 2 days of recovery and 1 match day per week. During each training session and each weekly match, training time and sRPE were recorded. In addition, training impulse (TRIMP), monotony, and strain were subsequently calculated. The rate of injury was recorded for each soccer player over a period of 4 weeks (i.e., 28 days) using a daily questionnaire. The results showed that over the course of the study, the number of non-contact injuries was significantly higher than that for contact injuries (2.5 vs. 0.5, p = 0.01). There were also significant positive correlations between sRPE and training time (r = 0.411, p = 0.039), ACWRRA (r = 0.47, p = 0.049), and ACWREWMA (r = 0.51, p = 0.038). In addition, small-to-medium correlations were detected between ACWR and non-contact injury occurrence (ACWRRA, r = 0.31, p = 0.05; ACWREWMA, r = 0.53, p = 0.03). Explained variance (r²) for non-contact injury was significantly greater using the ACWREWMA model (ranging between 21 and 52%) compared with ACWRRA (ranging between 17 and 39%). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the ACWREWMA model is more sensitive than ACWRRA to identify non-contact injury occurrence in male team soccer players during a short period in the competitive season.
KW - training load
KW - rate of perceived exertion
KW - rolling averages
KW - weighted moving averages
KW - football
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00608
SN - 1664-042X
VL - 11
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Arazi, Hamid
A1 - Asadi, Abbas
A1 - Khalkhali, Farhood
A1 - Boullosa, Daniel
A1 - Hackney, Anthony C.
A1 - Granacher, Urs
A1 - Zouhal, Hassane
T1 - Association Between the Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio and Injury Occurrence in Young Male Team Soccer Players
BT - A Preliminary Study
JF - Frontiers in Physiology
N2 - This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the acute to chronic workload ratio (ACWR), based upon participant session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), using two models [(1) rolling averages (ACWRRA); and (2) exponentially weighted moving averages (ACWREWMA)] and the injury rate in young male team soccer players aged 17.1 ± 0.7 years during a competitive mesocycle. Twenty-two players were enrolled in this study and performed four training sessions per week with 2 days of recovery and 1 match day per week. During each training session and each weekly match, training time and sRPE were recorded. In addition, training impulse (TRIMP), monotony, and strain were subsequently calculated. The rate of injury was recorded for each soccer player over a period of 4 weeks (i.e., 28 days) using a daily questionnaire. The results showed that over the course of the study, the number of non-contact injuries was significantly higher than that for contact injuries (2.5 vs. 0.5, p = 0.01). There were also significant positive correlations between sRPE and training time (r = 0.411, p = 0.039), ACWRRA (r = 0.47, p = 0.049), and ACWREWMA (r = 0.51, p = 0.038). In addition, small-to-medium correlations were detected between ACWR and non-contact injury occurrence (ACWRRA, r = 0.31, p = 0.05; ACWREWMA, r = 0.53, p = 0.03). Explained variance (r 2) for non-contact injury was significantly greater using the ACWREWMA model (ranging between 21 and 52%) compared with ACWRRA (ranging between 17 and 39%). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the ACWREWMA model is more sensitive than ACWRRA to identify non-contact injury occurrence in male team soccer players during a short period in the competitive season.
KW - training load
KW - rate of perceived exertion
KW - rolling averages
KW - weighted moving averages
KW - football
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00995
SN - 1664-042X
VL - 11
PB - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Arndt, Mario
T1 - Die portugiesisch-basierten Kreolsprachen Südostasiens im Sprachkontakt
BT - Von Malakka nach Macau
T2 - Sprachkontakte. Variation, Migration und Sprachdynamik / Language contacts. Variation, migration and dynamics of languages / Contacts linguistiques. Variation, migration et dynamique linguistique ; 5
N2 - Ein Ergebnis der interkulturellen Beziehungen in Südostasien sind die immer noch existierenden portugiesisch-basierten Kreolsprachen Papia Kristang und Macaísta, die zu Muttersprachen von Generationen von Menschen in Malakka und Macau geworden sind. Welche Faktoren bewirken den Sprachwandel dieser Idiome, und wie ist dieser erkennbar? Dieser Band beschäftigt sich nicht nur mit der Sprachdynamik der portugiesisch-basierten Kreolsprachen Südostasiens, sondern auch mit anderen wesentlichen Fragestellungen der Variationslinguistik. Als Basis dienen die Ergebnisse einer empirischen Datenerhebung, die insbesondere die Veränderungen im Sprachgebrauch dokumentieren. Darüber hinaus stellt der Autor neue Resultate hinsichtlich der Sprachidentifikationen vor, die nicht nur für die Kreolistik von Bedeutung sind, sondern auch fachübergreifend für das Interesse der allgemeinen Sprachwissenschaft.
KW - Kreolische Sprachen
KW - Macau
KW - Melaka
KW - Sprachkontakt
KW - Kristang
KW - Portugiesisch
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-631-82570-9
SN - 978-3-631-82571-6
SN - 978-3-631-82572-3
SN - 978-3-631-82465-8
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3726/b17106
SN - 1868-176X
PB - Peter Lang GmbH
CY - Frankfurt am Main
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Arnold, Patrick
T1 - Evolution of the mammalian neck from developmental, morpho-functional, and paleontological perspectives
JF - Journal of Mammalian Evolution
N2 - The mammalian neck adopts a variety of postures during daily life and generates numerous head trajectories. Despite its functional diversity, the neck is constrained to seven cervical vertebrae in (almost) all mammals. Given this low number, an unexpectedly high degree of modularity of the mammalian neck has more recently been uncovered. This work aims to review neck modularity in mammals from a developmental, morpho-functional, and paleontological perspective and how high functional diversity evolved in the mammalian neck after the occurrence of meristic limitations. The fixed number of cervical vertebrae and the developmental modularity of the mammalian neck are closely linked to anterior Hox genes expression and strong developmental integration between the neck and other body regions. In addition, basic neck biomechanics promote morpho-functional modularity due to preferred motion axes in the cranio-cervical and cervico-thoracic junction. These developmental and biomechanical determinants result in the characteristic and highly conserved shape variation among the vertebrae that delimits morphological modules. The step-wise acquisition of these unique cervical traits can be traced in the fossil record. The increasing functional specialization of neck modules, however, did not evolve all at once but started much earlier in the upper than in the lower neck. Overall, the strongly conserved modularity in the mammalian neck represents an evolutionary trade-off between the meristic constraints and functional diversity. Although a morpho-functional partition of the neck is common among amniotes, the degree of modularity and the way neck disparity is realized is unique in mammals.
KW - cervical spine
KW - modularity
KW - developmental constraints
KW - mammalian body
KW - plan
KW - neck evolution
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-020-09506-9
SN - 1064-7554
SN - 1573-7055
VL - 28
IS - 2
SP - 173
EP - 183
PB - Springer
CY - New York
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Arnous, Ahmad
A1 - Zeckra, Martin
A1 - Venerdini, Agostina
A1 - Alvarado, Patricia
A1 - Arrowsmith, Ramón
A1 - Guillemoteau, Julien
A1 - Landgraf, Angela
A1 - Gutiérrez, Adolfo Antonio
A1 - Strecker, Manfred
T1 - Neotectonic Activity in the Low-Strain Broken Foreland (Santa Bárbara System) of the North-Western Argentinean Andes (26°S)
JF - Lithosphere
N2 - Uplift in the broken Andean foreland of the Argentine Santa Bárbara System (SBS) is associated with the contractional reactivation of basement anisotropies, similar to those reported from the thick-skinned Cretaceous-Eocene Laramide province of North America. Fault scarps, deformed Quaternary deposits and landforms, disrupted drainage patterns, and medium-sized earthquakes within the SBS suggest that movement along these structures may be a recurring phenomenon, with yet to be defined repeat intervals and rupture lengths. In contrast to the Subandes thrust belt farther north, where eastward-migrating deformation has generated a well-defined thrust front, the SBS records spatiotemporally disparate deformation along structures that are only known to the first order. We present herein the results of geomorphic desktop analyses, structural field observations, and 2D electrical resistivity tomography and seismic-refraction tomography surveys and an interpretation of seismic reflection profiles across suspected fault scarps in the sedimentary basins adjacent to the Candelaria Range (CR) basement uplift, in the south-central part of the SBS. Our analysis in the CR piedmont areas reveals consistency between the results of near-surface electrical resistivity and seismic-refraction tomography surveys, the locations of prominent fault scarps, and structural geometries at greater depth imaged by seismic reflection data. We suggest that this deformation is driven by deep-seated blind thrusting beneath the CR and associated regional warping, while shortening involving Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary strata in the adjacent basins was accommodated by layer-parallel folding and flexural-slip faults that cut through Quaternary landforms and deposits at the surface.
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.2113/2020/8888588
SN - 1947-4253
SN - 1941-8264
VL - 2020
IS - 1
SP - 1
EP - 25
PB - GSA
CY - Boulder, Colo.
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Arya, Pooja
A1 - Feldmann, David
A1 - Kopyshev, Alexey
A1 - Lomadze, Nino
A1 - Santer, Svetlana
T1 - Light driven guided and self-organized motion of mesoporous colloidal particles
JF - Soft matter
N2 - We report on guided and self-organized motion of ensembles of mesoporous colloidal particles that can undergo dynamic aggregation or separation upon exposure to light. The forces on particles involve the phenomenon of light-driven diffusioosmosis (LDDO) and are hydrodynamic in nature. They can be made to act passively on the ensemble as a whole but also used to establish a mutual interaction between particles. The latter scenario requires a porous colloid morphology such that the particle can act as a source or sink of a photosensitive surfactant, which drives the LDDO process. The interplay between the two modes of operation leads to fascinating possibilities of dynamical organization and manipulation of colloidal ensembles adsorbed at solid-liquid interfaces. While the passive mode can be thought of to allow for a coarse structuring of a cloud of colloids, the inter-particle mode may be used to impose a fine structure on a 2D particle grid. Local flow is used to impose and tailor interparticle interactions allowing for much larger interaction distances that can be achieved with, e.g., DLVO type of forces, and is much more versatile.
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sm02068c
SN - 1744-683X
SN - 1744-6848
VL - 16
IS - 5
SP - 1148
EP - 1155
PB - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY - Cambridge
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Arya, Pooja
A1 - Jelken, Joachim
A1 - Feldmann, David
A1 - Lomadze, Nino
A1 - Santer, Svetlana
T1 - Light driven diffusioosmotic repulsion and attraction of colloidal particles
JF - The journal of chemical physics : bridges a gap between journals of physics and journals of chemistr
N2 - In this paper, we introduce the phenomenon of light driven diffusioosmotic long-range attraction and repulsion of porous particles under irradiation with UV light. The change in the inter-particle interaction potential is governed by flow patterns generated around single colloids and results in reversible aggregation or separation of the mesoporous silica particles that are trapped at a solid surface. The range of the interaction potential extends to several times the diameter of the particle and can be adjusted by varying the light intensity. The "fuel" of the process is a photosensitive surfactant undergoing photo-isomerization from a more hydrophobic trans-state to a rather hydrophilic cis-state. The surfactant has different adsorption affinities to the particles depending on the isomerization state. The trans-isomer, for example, tends to accumulate in the negatively charged pores of the particles, while the cis-isomer prefers to remain in the solution. This implies that when under UV irradiation cis-isomers are being formed within the pores, they tend to diffuse out readily and generate an excess concentration near the colloid's outer surface, ultimately resulting in the initiation of diffusioosmotic flow. The direction of the flow depends strongly on the dynamic redistribution of the fraction of trans- and cis-isomers near the colloids due to different kinetics of photo-isomerization within the pores as compared to the bulk. The unique feature of the mechanism discussed in the paper is that the long-range mutual repulsion but also the attraction can be tuned by convenient external optical stimuli such as intensity so that a broad variety of experimental situations for manipulation of a particle ensemble can be realized.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0007556
SN - 0021-9606
SN - 1089-7690
VL - 152
IS - 19
PB - American Institute of Physics
CY - Melville, NY
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Arya, Pooja
A1 - Jelken, Joachim
A1 - Lomadze, Nino
A1 - Santer, Svetlana
A1 - Bekir, Marek
T1 - Kinetics of photo-isomerization of azobenzene containing surfactants
JF - The journal of chemical physics : bridges a gap between journals of physics and journals of chemistry
N2 - We report on photoisomerization kinetics of azobenzene containing surfactants in aqueous solution. The surfactant molecule consists of a positively charged trimethylammonium bromide head group, a hydrophobic spacer connecting via 6 to 10 CH2 groups to the azobenzene unit, and the hydrophobic tail of 1 and 3CH(2) groups. Under exposure to light, the azobenzene photoisomerizes from more stable trans- to metastable cis-state, which can be switched back either thermally in dark or by illumination with light of a longer wavelength. The surfactant isomerization is described by a kinetic model of a pseudo first order reaction approaching equilibrium, where the intensity controls the rate of isomerization until the equilibrated state. The rate constants of the trans-cis and cis-trans photoisomerization are calculated as a function of several parameters such as wavelength and intensity of light, the surfactant concentration, and the length of the hydrophobic tail. The thermal relaxation rate from cis- to trans-state is studied as well. The surfactant isomerization shows a different kinetic below and above the critical micellar concentration of the trans isomer due to steric hindrance within the densely packed micelle but does not depend on the spacer length.
KW - genomic DNA conformation
KW - water-interface
KW - light photocontrol
KW - driven
KW - manipulation
KW - photoisomerization
KW - molecules
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5135913
SN - 0021-9606
SN - 1089-7690
VL - 152
IS - 2
PB - American Institute of Physics
CY - Melville
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Asche, Matthias
T1 - Im Spannungsfeld von dynastischer Politik, drohender
Säkularisation und persönlichem Regiment
BT - evangelische Bischöfe der Germania Sacra im Konfessionellen Zeitalter
T2 - Ideal und Praxis : Bischöfe und Bischofsamt im Heiligen Römischen Reich 1570-1620
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-402-11609-8
SP - 303
EP - 326
PB - Aschendorff
CY - Münster
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Asche, Matthias
T1 - Hohenzollern und Oranier
BT - die Anfänge einer brandenburgisch-niederländischen Beziehungsgeschichte
JF - Berliner Geschichte : Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Kultur -
Die Oranier in Berlin
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-96201-047-8
SN - 2364-3080
IS - 22
SP - 6
EP - 13
PB - Elsengold-Verl.
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Asche, Matthias
T1 - Die Universität Marburg
BT - Institutionen und Strukturen einer typischen frühneuzeitlichen Landesuniversität
T2 - Reformation der Kirche – Reform der Bildung. Die Universität Marburg und der reformatorische Bildungsauftrag
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-8309-4126-2
SP - 153
EP - 162
PB - Waxmann
CY - Münster
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Asche, Matthias
T1 - Zwischen Beharrung und Transformation
BT - zur Krise der Universität Rostock in den ersten Reformationsjahrzehnten
T2 - Verknüpfungen des neuen Glaubens : die Rostocker Reformationsgeschichte in ihren translokalen Bezügen
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-525-57139-2
SN - 978-3-666-57139-8
SP - 223
EP - 249
PB - Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Asche, Matthias
T1 - Neues zum Dreißigjährigen Krieg
BT - Teil 1 (Gesamtdarstellungen): Teutscher Krieg und europäischer Frieden?
JF - Das Historisch-Politische Buch
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3790/hpb.67.4.445
SN - 0018-2605
VL - 67
IS - 4
SP - 445
EP - 451
PB - Duncker & Humblot
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Asche, Matthias
T1 - Kurfürst Georg Wilhelm von Brandenburg im Dreißigjährigen Krieg
BT - Versuch einer Neubewertung
JF - Halb Europa in Brandenburg : Der Dreißigjährige Krieg und seine Folgen
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-86732-323-9
SP - 32
EP - 44
PB - Lukas
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Asche, Matthias
A1 - Arnold, Matthieu
T1 - Anton Schindling (1947–2020)
JF - Francia : Forschungen zur westeuropäischen Geschichte
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-7995-8147-9
SN - 978-3-7995-8148-6
U6 - https://doi.org/10.11588/fr.2020.0.75750
IS - 47
SP - 501
EP - 503
PB - Thorbecke
CY - Ostfildern
ER -
TY - CHAP
A1 - Asche, Matthias
A1 - Fehrlen-Weiss, Nina
T1 - Zwischen Kitsch und Kommerz
BT - romantische Memoria in Rothenburg ob der Tauber vom 19. Jahrhundert bis heute
T2 - Romantische Urbanität. Transdisziplinäre Perspektiven vom 19. bis ins 21. Jahrhundert
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-412-51738-0
SP - 59
EP - 74
PB - Böhlau
CY - Wien
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Asche, Matthias
A1 - Kollenberg, Marco
A1 - Zeiger, Antje
T1 - Statt eines Vorwortes - eine Hinführung
BT - der dreißigjährige Krieg in der Mark Brandenburg
JF - Halb Europa in Brandenburg : der Dreißigjährige Krieg und seine Folgen
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-86732-323-9
SP - 13
EP - 17
PB - Lukas
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Ashouri, Mohammadreza
T1 - TrainTrap
BT - a hybrid technique for vulnerability analysis in JAVA
Y1 - 2020
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Assagra, Yuri A.O.
A1 - Altafim, Ruy Alberto Pisani
A1 - do Carmo, Joao P.
A1 - Altafim, Ruy A.C.
A1 - Rychkov, Dmitry
A1 - Wirges, Werner
A1 - Gerhard, Reimund
T1 - A new route to piezo-polymer transducers: 3D printing of polypropylene ferroelectrets
JF - IEEE transactions on dielectrics and electrical insulation
N2 - Here, a promising approach for producing piezo-polymer transducers in a one-step process is presented. Using 3D-printing technology and polypropylene (PP) filaments, we are able to print a two-layered film structure with regular cavities of precisely controlled size and shape. It is found that the 3D-printed samples exhibit piezoelectric coefficients up to 200 pC/N, similar to those of other PP ferroelectrets, and their temporal and thermal behavior is in good agreement with those known of PP ferroelectrets. The piezoelectric response strongly decreases for applied pressures above 20 kPa, as the pressure in the air-filled cavities strongly influences the overall elastic modulus of ferroelectrets.
KW - 3D printing
KW - polymer ferroelectrets
KW - sensors and actuators
KW - piezoelectrets
KW - electret polymers
KW - soft electro-active materials
KW - functional materials
KW - soft matter
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2020.008461
SN - 1070-9878
SN - 1558-4135
VL - 27
IS - 5
SP - 1668
EP - 1674
PB - Inst. of Electr. and Electronics Engineers
CY - Piscataway
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Athare, Tushar Ramchandra
A1 - Pradhan, Prajal
A1 - Kropp, Jürgen
T1 - Environmental implications and socioeconomic characterisation of Indian diets
JF - The science of the total environment
N2 - India is facing a double burden of malnourishment with co-existences of under- and over-nourishment. Various socioeconomic factors play an essential role in determining dietary choices. Agriculture is one of the major emitters of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in India, contributing 18% of total emissions. It also consumes freshwater and uses land significantly. We identify eleven Indian diets by applying k-means cluster analysis on latest data from the Indian household consumer expenditure survey. The diets vary in calorie intake [2289-3218 kcal/Consumer Unit (CU)/day] and dietary composition. Estimated embodied GHG emissions in the diets range from 1.36 to 3.62 kg CO2eq./CU/day, land footprint from 4 to 5.45 m(2)/CU/day, whereas water footprint varies from 2.13 to 2.97m(3)/CU/day. Indian diets deviate from a healthy reference diet either with too much or too little consumption of certain food groups. Overall, cereals, sugar, and dairy products intake are higher. In contrast, the consumption of fruits and vegetables, pulses, and nuts is lower than recommended. Our study contributes to deriving required polices for the sustainable transformation of food systems in India to eliminate malnourishment and to reduce the environmental implications of the food systems. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KW - Indian diets
KW - GHG emissions
KW - land and water footprint
KW - healthy diets
KW - socioeconomic factors
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139881
SN - 0048-9697
SN - 1879-1026
VL - 737
PB - Elsevier Science
CY - Amsterdam [u.a.]
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Audretsch, David B.
A1 - Kritikos, Alexander
A1 - Schiersch, Alexander
T1 - Microfirms and innovation in the service sector
JF - Small business economics
N2 - In the context of microfirms, this paper analyzes whether the link between the three aspects involving innovative activities—R&D, innovative output, and productivity—hold for knowledge-intensive services. With especially high start-up rates and the majority of employees in microfirms, knowledge-intensive services (KIS) have a starkly different profile from manufacturing. Results from our structural models indicate that KIS firms benefit from innovation activities through increased labor productivity with highly skilled employees being similarly important compared to R&D for creating innovation output in microfirms. Moreover, the firm size advantage of large firms found for manufacturing almost disappears in KIS, with start-ups and young firms having a higher probability of initiating innovation activities and of successfully turning knowledge into innovation output than mature firms.
KW - microfirms
KW - MSMEs
KW - R&D
KW - service sector
KW - innovation
KW - productivity
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-020-00366-4
SN - 0921-898X
SN - 1573-0913
VL - 55
IS - 4
SP - 997
EP - 1018
PB - Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
CY - Dordrecht
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Austin, Gina
A1 - Bondü, Rebecca
A1 - Elsner, Birgit
T1 - Executive function, theory of mind, and conduct-problem symptoms in middle childhood
JF - Frontiers in psychology
N2 - Studies show relations between executive function (EF), Theory of Mind (ToM), and conduct-problem (CP) symptoms. However, many studies have involved cross-sectional data, small clinical samples, pre-school children, and/or did not consider potential mediation effects. The present study examined the longitudinal relations between EF, ToM abilities, and CP symptoms in a population-based sample of 1,657 children between 6 and 11 years (T1: M = 8.3 years, T2: M = 9.1 years; 51.9% girls). We assessed EF skills and ToM abilities via computerized tasks at first measurement (T1), CP symptoms were rated via parent questionnaires at T1 and approximately 1 year later (T2). Structural-equation models showed a negative relation between T1 EF and T2 CP symptoms even when controlling for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and other variables. This relation was fully mediated by T1 ToM abilities. The study shows how children's abilities to control their thoughts and behaviors and to understand others' mental states interact in the development of CP symptoms.
KW - executive functions
KW - theory of mind
KW - conduct-problem symptoms
KW - middle
KW - childhood
KW - longitudinal
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00539
SN - 1664-1078
VL - 11
PB - Frontiers Media
CY - Lausanne
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Autenrieth, Marijke
T1 - Population genomics of two odontocetes in the North Atlantic and adjacent waters
BT - Evolutionary history and conservation implications
N2 - Due to continuously intensifying human usage of the marine environment worldwide ranging cetaceans face an increasing number of threats. Besides whaling, overfishing and by-catch, new technical developments increase the water and noise pollution, which can negatively affect marine species. Cetaceans are especially prone to these influences, being at the top of the food chain and therefore accumulating toxins and contaminants. Furthermore, they are extremely noise sensitive due to their highly developed hearing sense and echolocation ability. As a result, several cetacean species were brought to extinction during the last century or are now classified as critically endangered. This work focuses on two odontocetes. It applies and compares different molecular methods for inference of population status and adaptation, with implications for conservation. The worldwide distributed sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) shows a matrilineal population structure with predominant male dispersal. A recently stranded group of male sperm whales provided a unique opportunity to investigate male grouping for the first time. Based on the mitochondrial control region, I was able to infer that male bachelor groups comprise multiple matrilines, hence derive from different social groups, and that they represent the genetic variability of the entire North Atlantic. The harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) occurs only in the northern hemisphere. By being small and occurring mostly in coastal habitats it is especially prone to human disturbance. Since some subspecies and subpopulations are critically endangered, it is important to generate and provide genetic markers with high resolution to facilitate population assignment and subsequent protection measurements. Here, I provide the first harbour porpoise whole genome, in high quality and including a draft annotation. Using it for mapping ddRAD seq data, I identify genome wide SNPs and, together with a fragment of the mitochondrial control region, inferred the population structure of its North Atlantic distribution range. The Belt Sea harbors a distinct subpopulation oppose to the North Atlantic, with a transition zone in the Kattegat. Within the North Atlantic I could detect subtle genetic differentiation between western (Canada-Iceland) and eastern (North Sea) regions, with support for a German North Sea breading ground around the Isle of Sylt. Further, I was able to detect six outlier loci which show isolation by distance across the investigated sampling areas. In employing different markers, I could show that single maker systems as well as genome wide data can unravel new information about population affinities of odontocetes. Genome wide data can facilitate investigation of adaptations and evolutionary history of the species and its populations. Moreover, they facilitate population genetic investigations, providing a high resolution, and hence allowing for detection of subtle population structuring especially important for highly mobile cetaceans.
N2 - Mit der immer stärker zunehmenden Nutzung des marinen Lebensraumes durch den Menschen, häufen sich auch die Bedrohungen, wie beispielsweise Lebensraumzerstörungen, denen Cetacea ausgesetzt sind. Die Folgen aus Walfang, Überfischung und Beifang, wie auch die stärkere Verschmutzung der Meere sowie die Zunahme des generellen Lärmpegels, haben negative Effekte auf eine Vielzahl mariner Arten. Cetacea sind besonders anfällig für diese Störungen, da sie einerseits am Ende der Nahrungskette stehen und somit besonders Schadstoffe, wie bspw. PBEs, in ihren Körpern akkumulieren und andererseits durch ihr hoch angepasstes Gehör äußerst sensibel gegenüber Geräuschstörungen sind. Im Laufe des letzten Jahrhunderts wurden einige marine Säugetiere bereits ausgerottet oder fast bis an den Rand des Aussterbens gebracht. Diese Arbeit konzentriert sich auf zwei Zahnwalarten, die in ihrer Biologie und Populationsstruktur sehr verschieden sind. Sie bieten die Möglichkeit, verschiedene Methoden der Naturschutz- und Populationsgenetik anzuwenden und zu vergleichen. Der weltweit verbreitete Pottwal ist matrilineal organisiert mit Weibchen, die in sozialen Gruppen in der Nähe des Äquators leben, und Männchen, die in kleinen Gruppen zu den Polen migrieren. Zum Jahresbeginn 2016 strandete eine Gruppe junger männlicher Pottwale entlang der Nordsee. Dieses Ereignis bot die einzigartige Chance, erstmals die genetische Zusammensetzung einer männlichen Pottwalgruppe zu untersuchen. Basierend auf der mitochondrialen Kontrollregion, konnte ich zeigen, dass sie von mehreren Matrilinien abstammen und in ihrer Gesamtheit die genetische Vielfalt der nordatlantischen Gesamtpopulation repräsentieren. Der Schweinswal ist innerhalb der nördlichen Hemisphäre weit verbreitet. Durch seine kleine Körpergrösse und die Präferenz für küstennahe Habitate ist er besonders anfällig gegenüber negativen anthropogenen Einflüssen. Da sowohl eine seiner Unterarten als auch einige Subpopulationen durch die IUCN als stark bedroht klassifiziert sind, ist es besonders wichtig die genetische Struktur dieser Art und ihrer Populationen zu erfassen und hochauflösende Markersysteme zu generieren, um verlässliche Informationen zum Status lokaler Populationen für weiterführende Naturschutzmaßnahmen bereitzustellen. In dieser Arbeit konnte ich die erste komplette Genomsequenz des Schweinwal in hoher Qualität bereitstellen und sie für die Analyse von ddRAD-Daten als Referenz nutzen. Mittles genomweit verteilter SNPs, sowie einem Abschnitt der mitochondrialen Kontrollregion zeigte sich, dass die Schweinswale in der Beltsee eine eigenständige Population bilden, mit einer Transitionszone zum Nord-Atlantik im Kattegat. Innerhalb des Nord-Atlantiks zeigten sich Unterschiede zwischen West (Kanada-Island) und Ost (Nordsee), sowie eine Abgrenzung deutscher Schweinswale um die Insel Sylt. Außerdem konnte ich sechs SNPs identifizieren, welche die populationsgenetische Auflösung im Nordatlantik und geographischen Distanz wiederspiegeln. Durch den Vergleich verschiedener Markersysteme konnte ich zeigen, dass sowohl einzelne Marker als auch genomweite Marker neue Erkenntnisse zu Populationsstrukturen und Anpassungen von Zahnwalen liefern. Durch die hohe Mobilität und den schwer zugänglichen Lebensraum mariner Säugetiere sind hochauflösende genetische Markersysteme der Schlüssel für ein besseres Verständnis und den Schutz dieser Arten.
KW - genomics
KW - population genetics
KW - conservation
KW - evolution
KW - whole genome
KW - toothed whales
KW - Genomik
KW - Populationsgenetik
KW - Naturschutz
KW - Evolution
KW - Zahnwale
Y1 - 2020
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Avetisyan, Serine
A1 - Lago, Sol
A1 - Vasishth, Shravan
T1 - Does case marking affect agreement attraction in comprehension?
JF - Journal of memory and language
N2 - Previous studies have suggested that distinctive case marking on noun phrases reduces attraction effects in production, i.e., the tendency to produce a verb that agrees with a nonsubject noun. An important open question is whether attraction effects are modulated by case information in sentence comprehension. To address this question, we conducted three attraction experiments in Armenian, a language with a rich and productive case system. The experiments showed clear attraction effects, and they also revealed an overall role of case marking such that participants showed faster response and reading times when the nouns in the sentence had different case. However, we found little indication that distinctive case marking modulated attraction effects. We present a theoretical proposal of how case and number information may be used differentially during agreement licensing in comprehension. More generally, this work sheds light on the nature of the retrieval cues deployed when completing morphosyntactic dependencies.
KW - subject-verb agreement
KW - attraction
KW - Case
KW - Eastern Armenian
KW - cue-based
KW - retrieval
KW - comprehension
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2020.104087
SN - 0749-596X
SN - 1096-0821
VL - 112
PB - Elsevier
CY - San Diego
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Awad, Emad
A1 - Metzler, Ralf
T1 - Crossover dynamics from superdiffusion to subdiffusion
BT - models and solutions
JF - Fractional calculus and applied analysis : an international journal for theory and applications
N2 - The Cattaneo or telegrapher's equation describes the crossover from initial ballistic to normal diffusion. Here we study and survey time-fractional generalisations of this equation that are shown to produce the crossover of the mean squared displacement from superdiffusion to subdiffusion. Conditional solutions are derived in terms of Fox H-functions and the dth-order moments as well as the diffusive flux of the different models are derived. Moreover, the concept of the distribution-like is proposed as an alternative to the probability density function.
KW - Cattaneo equation
KW - telegrapher's equation
KW - crossover dynamics
KW - fractional dynamic equations
KW - anomalous diffusion
KW - superdiffusion and
KW - subdiffusion
KW - Fox H-functions
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/fca-2020-0003
SN - 1311-0454
SN - 1314-2224
VL - 23
IS - 1
SP - 55
EP - 102
PB - De Gruyter
CY - Berlin ; Boston
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ay-Bryson, Destina Sevde
A1 - Weck, Florian
A1 - Heinze, Peter Eric
A1 - Lang, Thomas
A1 - Kühne, Franziska
T1 - Can psychotherapy trainees distinguish standardized patients from real patients?
T1 - Können Psychotherapeut*innen in Ausbildung standardisierte Patient*innen von realen Patient*innen unterscheiden?
BT - a pilot study
BT - Ergebnisse einer Pilotstudie
JF - Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie
N2 - Background:
Under the new psychotherapy law in Germany, standardized patients (SPs) are to become a standard component inpsychotherapy training, even though little is known about their authenticity.Objective:The present pilot study explored whether, followingan exhaustive two-day SP training, psychotherapy trainees can distinguish SPs from real patients.
Methods:
Twenty-eight psychotherapytrainees (M= 28.54 years of age,SD= 3.19) participated as blind raters. They evaluated six video-recorded therapy segments of trained SPsand real patients using the Authenticity of Patient Demonstrations Scale.
Results:
The authenticity scores of real patients and SPs did notdiffer (p= .43). The descriptive results indicated that the highest score of authenticity was given to an SP. Further, the real patients did notdiffer significantly from the SPs concerning perceived impairment (p= .33) and the likelihood of being a real patient (p= .52).
Conclusions:
The current results suggest that psychotherapy trainees were unable to distinguish the SPs from real patients. We therefore stronglyrecommend incorporating training SPs before application. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.
N2 - Theoretischer Hintergrund:
Mit dem neu eingeführten Direktstudium für zukünftige Psychotherapeut_innen (PiA) wirdder Einsatz von standardisierten Patient_innen (SP) in der Lehre zunehmen, obwohl die Authentizität der Rollendarstellungen durch SPempirisch bislang kaum untersucht wurde. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es daher zu untersuchen, ob SP trainiert werden können, dassPsychotherapeut_innen in Ausbildung (PiA) SP von realen Patient_innen nicht unterscheiden können.
Methode:
Insgesamt nahmen 28 PiA(M= 28.54 Jahre,SD= 3.19) als verblindete Rater teil. Sie haben sechs Therapiesitzungen von trainierten SP und realen Patient_innen mitder Skala Authentizität von Patientendarstellungen bewertet.
Ergebnisse:
Die Authentizitätswerte von SP unterschieden sich nicht signifi-kant von realen Patient_innen (p= .43). Deskriptive Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass ein SP im Schnitt am authentischsten bewertet wurde.Darüber hinaus unterschieden sich SP und reale Patient_innen nicht hinsichtlich der wahrgenommenen Beeinträchtigung (p= .33) sowie derWahrscheinlichkeit, als reale/r Patient_in bewertet zu werden (p= .52).
Fazit:
Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass PiA SP vonrealen Patient_innen nicht unterscheiden konnten. Daher legen wir ein ausführliches Training der SP nahe, bevor sie für Studium und Lehreeingesetzt werden. Die Limitationen sowie zukünftige Forschungsideen werden diskutiert.
KW - evidence-based training
KW - learning
KW - simulated patients
KW - simulation-based
KW - education
KW - therapist competence
KW - evidenzbasiertes Training
KW - Lernen
KW - Simulationspatient_innen
KW - simulationsbasierte Lehre
KW - therapeutische
KW - Kompetenz
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443/a000594
SN - 1616-3443
SN - 2190-6297
VL - 49
IS - 3
SP - 182
EP - 190
PB - Hogrefe
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Ayzel, Georgy
A1 - Scheffer, Tobias
A1 - Heistermann, Maik
T1 - RainNet v1.0
BT - a convolutional neural network for radar-based precipitation nowcasting
JF - Geoscientific Model Development
N2 - In this study, we present RainNet, a deep convolutional neural network for radar-based precipitation nowcasting. Its design was inspired by the U-Net and SegNet families of deep learning models, which were originally designed for binary segmentation tasks. RainNet was trained to predict continuous precipitation intensities at a lead time of 5min, using several years of quality-controlled weather radar composites provided by the German Weather Service (DWD). That data set covers Germany with a spatial domain of 900km × 900km and has a resolution of 1km in space and 5min in time. Independent verification experiments were carried out on 11 summer precipitation events from 2016 to 2017. In order to achieve a lead time of 1h, a recursive approach was implemented by using RainNet predictions at 5min lead times as model inputs for longer lead times. In the verification experiments, trivial Eulerian persistence and a conventional model based on optical flow served as benchmarks. The latter is available in the rainymotion library and had previously been shown to outperform DWD's operational nowcasting model for the same set of verification events.
RainNet significantly outperforms the benchmark models at all lead times up to 60min for the routine verification metrics mean absolute error (MAE) and the critical success index (CSI) at intensity thresholds of 0.125, 1, and 5mm h⁻¹. However, rainymotion turned out to be superior in predicting the exceedance of higher intensity thresholds (here 10 and 15mm h⁻¹). The limited ability of RainNet to predict heavy rainfall intensities is an undesirable property which we attribute to a high level of spatial smoothing introduced by the model. At a lead time of 5min, an analysis of power spectral density confirmed a significant loss of spectral power at length scales of 16km and below. Obviously, RainNet had learned an optimal level of smoothing to produce a nowcast at 5min lead time. In that sense, the loss of spectral power at small scales is informative, too, as it reflects the limits of predictability as a function of spatial scale. Beyond the lead time of 5min, however, the increasing level of smoothing is a mere artifact – an analogue to numerical diffusion – that is not a property of RainNet itself but of its recursive application. In the context of early warning, the smoothing is particularly unfavorable since pronounced features of intense precipitation tend to get lost over longer lead times. Hence, we propose several options to address this issue in prospective research, including an adjustment of the loss function for model training, model training for longer lead times, and the prediction of threshold exceedance in terms of a binary segmentation task. Furthermore, we suggest additional input data that could help to better identify situations with imminent precipitation dynamics. The model code, pretrained weights, and training data are provided in open repositories as an input for such future studies.
KW - weather
KW - models
KW - skill
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2631-2020
SN - 1991-959X
SN - 1991-9603
VL - 13
IS - 6
SP - 2631
EP - 2644
PB - Copernicus Publ.
CY - Göttingen
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Azadian, Elaheh
A1 - Majlesi, Mahdi
A1 - Jafarnezhadgero, Amir Ali
A1 - Granacher, Urs
T1 - The impact of hearing loss on three-dimensional lower limb joint torques during walking in prepubertal boys
JF - Journal of bodywork and movement therapies
N2 - Introduction:
In children, the impact of hearing loss on biomechanical gait parameters is not well understood. Thus, the objectives of this study were to examine three-dimensional lower limb joint torques in deaf compared to age-matched healthy (hearing) children while walking at preferred gait speed.
Methods:
Thirty prepubertal boys aged 8-14 were enrolled in this study and divided into a group with hearing loss (deaf group) and an age-matched healthy control. Three-dimensional joint torques were analyzed during barefoot walking at preferred speed using Kistler force plates and a Vicon motion capture system.
Results:
Findings revealed that boys with hearing loss showed lower joint torques in ankle evertors, knee flexors, abductors and internal rotators as well as in hip internal rotators in both, the dominant and non-dominant lower limbs (all p < 0.05; d = 1.23-7.00; 14-79%). Further, in the dominant limb, larger peak ankle dorsiflexor (p < 0.001; d = 1.83; 129%), knee adductor (p < 0.001; d = 3.20; 800%), and hip adductor torques (p < 0.001; d = 2.62; 350%) were found in deaf participants compared with controls.
Conclusion:
The observed altered lower limb torques during walking are indicative of unstable gait in children with hearing loss. More research is needed to elucidate whether physical training (e.g., balance and/or gait training) has the potential to improve walking performance in this patient group. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW - torque
KW - hearing loss
KW - gait
KW - dominant limb
KW - non-dominant limb
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2019.10.013
SN - 1360-8592
SN - 1532-9283
VL - 24
IS - 2
SP - 123
EP - 129
PB - Elsevier
CY - Amsterdam
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Azzali, Sara
A1 - Paycha, Sylvie
T1 - Spectral zeta-invariants lifted to coverings
JF - Transactions of the American Mathematical Society
N2 - The canonical trace and the Wodzicki residue on classical pseudo-differential operators on a closed manifold are characterised by their locality and shown to be preserved under lifting to the universal covering as a result of their local feature. As a consequence, we lift a class of spectral zeta-invariants using lifted defect formulae which express discrepancies of zeta-regularised traces in terms of Wodzicki residues. We derive Atiyah's L-2-index theorem as an instance of the Z(2)-graded generalisation of the canonical lift of spectral zeta-invariants and we show that certain lifted spectral zeta-invariants for geometric operators are integrals of Pontryagin and Chern forms.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1090/tran/8067
SN - 0002-9947
SN - 1088-6850
VL - 373
IS - 9
SP - 6185
EP - 6226
PB - American Mathematical Society
CY - Providence, RI
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Backhaus, Daniel
A1 - Engbert, Ralf
A1 - Rothkegel, Lars Oliver Martin
A1 - Trukenbrod, Hans Arne
T1 - Task-dependence in scene perception: Head unrestrained viewing using mobile eye-tracking
JF - Journal of vision
N2 - Real-world scene perception is typically studied in the laboratory using static picture viewing with restrained head position. Consequently, the transfer of results obtained in this paradigm to real-word scenarios has been questioned. The advancement of mobile eye-trackers and the progress in image processing, however, permit a more natural experimental setup that, at the same time, maintains the high experimental control from the standard laboratory setting. We investigated eye movements while participants were standing in front of a projector screen and explored images under four specific task instructions. Eye movements were recorded with a mobile eye-tracking device and raw gaze data were transformed from head-centered into image-centered coordinates. We observed differences between tasks in temporal and spatial eye-movement parameters and found that the bias to fixate images near the center differed between tasks. Our results demonstrate that current mobile eye-tracking technology and a highly controlled design support the study of fine-scaled task dependencies in an experimental setting that permits more natural viewing behavior than the static picture viewing paradigm.
KW - scene viewing
KW - real-world scenarios
KW - mobile eye-tracking
KW - task
KW - influence
KW - central fixation bias
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1167/jov.20.5.3
SN - 1534-7362
VL - 20
IS - 5
SP - 1
EP - 21
PB - Association for Research in Vision and Opthalmology
CY - Rockville
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Baerenzung, Julien
A1 - Holschneider, Matthias
A1 - Wicht, Johannes
A1 - Lesur, Vincent
A1 - Sanchez, Sabrina
T1 - The Kalmag model as a candidate for IGRF-13
JF - Earth, planets and space
N2 - We present a new model of the geomagnetic field spanning the last 20 years and called Kalmag. Deriving from the assimilation of CHAMP and Swarm vector field measurements, it separates the different contributions to the observable field through parameterized prior covariance matrices. To make the inverse problem numerically feasible, it has been sequentialized in time through the combination of a Kalman filter and a smoothing algorithm. The model provides reliable estimates of past, present and future mean fields and associated uncertainties. The version presented here is an update of our IGRF candidates; the amount of assimilated data has been doubled and the considered time window has been extended from [2000.5, 2019.74] to [2000.5, 2020.33].
KW - Geomagnetic field
KW - Secular variation
KW - Assimilation
KW - Kalman filter
KW - Machine learning
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-020-01295-y
SN - 1880-5981
VL - 72
IS - 1
PB - Springer
CY - New York
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Baes, Marzieh
A1 - Sobolev, Stephan
A1 - Gerya, Taras V.
A1 - Brune, Sascha
T1 - Plume-induced subduction initiation
BT - single-slab or multi-slab subduction?
JF - Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems
N2 - Initiation of subduction following the impingement of a hot buoyant mantle plume is one of the few scenarios that allow breaking the lithosphere and recycling a stagnant lid without requiring any preexisting weak zones. Here, we investigate factors controlling the number and shape of retreating subducting slabs formed by plume-lithosphere interaction. Using 3-D thermomechanical models we show that the deformation regime, which defines formation of single-slab or multi-slab subduction, depends on several parameters such as age of oceanic lithosphere, thickness of the crust and large-scale lithospheric extension rate. Our model results indicate that on present-day Earth multi-slab plume-induced subduction is initiated only if the oceanic lithosphere is relatively young (<30-40 Myr, but >10 Myr), and the crust has a typical thickness of 8 km. In turn, development of single-slab subduction is facilitated by older lithosphere and pre-imposed extensional stresses. In early Earth, plume-lithosphere interaction could have led to formation of either episodic short-lived circular subduction when the oceanic lithosphere was young or to multi-slab subduction when the lithosphere was old.
KW - subduction zone
KW - plume
KW - numerical model
KW - singleslab
KW - multi-slab
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GC008663
SN - 1525-2027
VL - 21
IS - 2
PB - American Geophysical Union
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Baes, Marzieh
A1 - Sobolev, Stephan V.
A1 - Gerya, Taras V.
A1 - Brune, Sascha
T1 - Subduction initiation by Plume-Plateau interaction
BT - insights from numerical models
JF - Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems
N2 - It has recently been demonstrated that the interaction of a mantle plume with sufficiently old oceanic lithosphere can initiate subduction. However, the existence of large lithospheric heterogeneities, such as a buoyant plateau, in proximity to a rising plume head may potentially hinder the formation of a new subduction zone. Here, we investigate this scenario by means of 3-D numerical thermomechanical modeling. We explore how plume-lithosphere interaction is affected by lithospheric age, relative location of plume head and plateau border, and the strength of the oceanic crust. Our numerical experiments suggest four different geodynamic regimes: (a) oceanic trench formation, (b) circular oceanic-plateau trench formation, (c) plateau trench formation, and (d) no trench formation. We show that regardless of the age and crustal strength of the oceanic lithosphere, subduction can initiate when the plume head is either below the plateau border or at a distance less than the plume radius from the plateau edge. Crustal heterogeneity facilitates subduction initiation of old oceanic lithosphere. High crustal strength hampers the formation of a new subduction zone when the plume head is located below a young lithosphere containing a thick and strong plateau. We suggest that plume-plateau interaction in the western margin of the Caribbean could have resulted in subduction initiation when the plume head impinged onto the oceanic lithosphere close to the border between plateau and oceanic crust.
KW - subduction zone
KW - plume
KW - plateau
KW - numerical modeling
KW - plume-induced
KW - subduction initiation (PISI)
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GC009119
SN - 1525-2027
VL - 21
IS - 8
PB - American Geophysical Union
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bahr, André
A1 - Kolber, Gilles
A1 - Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie
A1 - Reinhardt, Lutz
A1 - Friedrich, Oliver
A1 - Pross, Jörg
T1 - Mega-monsoon variability during the late Triassic
BT - re-assessing the role of orbital forcing in the deposition of playa sediments in the Germanic Basin
JF - Sedimentology : the journal of the International Association of Sedimentologists
N2 - The formation of the supercontinent Pangaea during the Permo-Triassic gave rise to an extreme monsoonal climate (often termed 'mega-monsoon') that has been documented by numerous palaeo-records. However, considerable debate exists about the role of orbital forcing in causing humid intervals in an otherwise arid climate. To shed new light on the forcing of monsoonal variability in subtropical Pangaea, this study focuses on sediment facies and colour variability of playa and alluvial fan deposits in an outcrop from the late Carnian (ca 225 Ma) in the southern Germanic Basin, south-western Germany. The sediments were deposited against a background of increasingly arid conditions following the humid Carnian Pluvial Event (ca 234 to 232 Ma). The ca 2 center dot 4 Myr long sedimentary succession studied shows a tripartite long-term evolution, starting with a distal mud-flat facies deposited under arid conditions. This phase was followed by a highly variable playa-lake environment that documents more humid conditions and finally a regression of the playa-lake due to a return of arid conditions. The red-green (a*) and lightness (L*) records show that this long-term variability was overprinted by alternating wet/dry cycles driven by orbital precession and ca 405 kyr eccentricity, without significant influence of obliquity. The absence of obliquity in this record indicates that high-latitude forcing played only a minor role in the southern Germanic Basin during the late Carnian. This is different from the subsequent Norian when high-latitude signals became more pronounced, potentially related to the northward drift of the Germanic Basin. The recurring pattern of pluvial events during the late Triassic demonstrates that orbital forcing, in particular eccentricity, stimulated the occurrence and intensity of wet phases. It also highlights the possibility that the Carnian Pluvial Event, although most likely triggered by enhanced volcanic activity, may also have been modified by an orbital stimulus.
KW - Carnian Pluvial Event
KW - Germanic Basin
KW - Late Triassic
KW - mega-monsoon
KW - orbital forcing
KW - playa-lake
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12668
SN - 0037-0746
SN - 1365-3091
VL - 67
IS - 2
SP - 951
EP - 970
PB - Wiley-Blackwell
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bakadorova, Olga
A1 - Lazarides, Rebecca
A1 - Raufelder, Diana
T1 - Effects of social and individual school self-concepts on school engagement during adolescence
JF - European journal of psychology of education : a journal of education and development
N2 - While school self-concept is an important facilitator of a student's school engagement, previous studies rarely investigated whether it may also explain the change in students' school engagement during secondary school. Moreover, as social relations play an increasingly important role in adolescence, the current research distinguishes between the social and individual school self-concepts of a student. Whereas individual school self-concept uses the perception of a student's own ability in the past in order to estimate perceived current ability, social school self-concept refers to the comparison of a student's own perceived current ability with the current perceived abilities of others. We examined the role of students' individual and social school self-concepts in the development of behavioral and emotional school engagement during the period from grade 8 to grade 9. The sample consisted of 1088 German adolescents at the first measurement time (M-age = 13.70, SD = 0.53; 53.9% girls). The findings suggested a significant decline in both emotional and behavioral school engagement over the span of 1.5 years. In addition, social-but not individual-school self-concept was associated with the change in both dimensions of school engagement over time, such as it may intensify a student's decline in school engagement levels. This might be due to the fact that students with a high social school self-concept tend to increasingly emphasize competition and comparison and strive for high grades, which lowers students' school participation and identification in the long term.
KW - Individual school self-concept
KW - Social school self-concept
KW - School
KW - engagement
KW - Adolescence
KW - Latent change model
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10212-019-00423-x
SN - 0256-2928
SN - 1878-5174
VL - 35
IS - 1
SP - 73
EP - 91
PB - Springer Nature
CY - Lisboa
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bald, Ilko
A1 - Solov'yov, Ilia A.
A1 - Mason, Nigel J.
A1 - Solov'yov, Andrey V.
T1 - Special issue
BT - dynamics of systems on the nanoscale (2018). Editorial
JF - The European physical journal. D, Atomic, molecular, optical and plasma physics
N2 - The structure, formation and dynamics of both animate and inanimate matter on the nanoscale are a highly interdisciplinary field of rapidly emerging research engaging a broad community encompassing experimentalists, theorists, and technologists. It is relevant for a large variety of molecular and nanosystems of different origin and composition and concerns numerous phenomena originating from physics, chemistry, biology, or materials science. This Topical Issue presents a collection of original research papers devoted to different aspects of structure and dynamics on the nanoscale. Some of the contributions discuss specific applications of the research results in several modern technologies and in next generation medicine. Most of the works of this topical issue were reported at the Fifth International Conference on Dynamics of Systems on the Nanoscale (DySoN) - the premier forum for the presentation of cutting-edge research in this field that was held in Potsdam, Germany in October of 2018.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2020-10134-4
SN - 1434-6060
SN - 1434-6079
VL - 74
IS - 4
SP - 75
EP - 82
PB - Springer
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - BOOK
A1 - Balderjahn, Ingo
A1 - Specht, Günter
T1 - Einführung in die Betriebswirtschaftslehre
Y1 - 2020
SN - 978-3-7910-4523-8
SN - 978-3-7910-4524-5
VL - 2020
PB - Schäffer-Pöschel Verlag
CY - Stuttgart
ET - 8., überarbeitete Auflage
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Balischewski, Christian
A1 - Behrens, Karsten
A1 - Zehbe, Kerstin
A1 - Günter, Christina
A1 - Mies, Stefan
A1 - Sperlich, Eric
A1 - Kelling, Alexandra
A1 - Taubert, Andreas
T1 - Ionic liquids with more than one metal
BT - optical and rlectrochemical properties versus d-block metal vombinations
JF - Chemistry - a European journal
N2 - Thirteen N-butylpyridinium salts, including three monometallic [C4Py](2)[MCl4], nine bimetallic [C4Py](2)[(M1-xMxCl4)-M-a-Cl-b] and one trimetallic compound [C4Py](2)[(M1-y-zMyMz (c) Cl4)-M-a-M-b] (M=Co, Cu, Mn; x=0.25, 0.50 or 0.75 and y=z=0.33), were synthesized and their structure and thermal and electrochemical properties were studied. All compounds are ionic liquids (ILs) with melting points between 69 and 93 degrees C. X-ray diffraction proves that all ILs are isostructural. The conductivity at room temperature is between 10(-4) and 10(-8) S cm(-1). Some Cu-based ILs reach conductivities of 10(-2) S cm(-1), which is, however, probably due to IL dec. This correlates with the optical bandgap measurements indicating the formation of large bandgap semiconductors. At elevated temperatures approaching the melting points, the conductivities reach up to 1.47x10(-1) S cm(-1) at 70 degrees C. The electrochemical stability windows of the ILs are between 2.5 and 3.0 V.
KW - bandgap
KW - electrochemistry
KW - ionic liquids
KW - metal-containing ionic
KW - liquids
KW - tetrahalido metallates
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202003097
SN - 0947-6539
SN - 1521-3765
VL - 26
IS - 72
SP - 17504
EP - 17513
PB - Wiley-VCH
CY - Weinheim
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Balk, Maria
A1 - Behl, Marc
A1 - Lendlein, Andreas
T1 - Actuators based on oligo[(epsilon-caprolactone)-co-glycolide] with accelerated hydrolytic degradation
JF - MRS advances : a journal of the Materials Research Society (MRS)
N2 - Polyester-based shape-memory polymer actuators are multifunctional materials providing reversible macroscopic shape shifts as well as hydrolytic degradability. Here, the function-function interdependencies (between shape shifts and degradation behaviour) will determine actuation performance and its life time. In this work, glycolide units were incorporated in poly(epsilon-caprolactone) based actuator materials in order to achieve an accelerated hydrolytic degradation and to explore the function-function relationship. Three different oligo[(epsilon-caprolactone)-co-glycolide] copolymers (OCGs) with similar molecular weights (10.5 +/- 0.5 kg center dot mol(-1)) including a glycolide content of 8, 16, and 26 mol% (ratio 1:1:1 wt%) terminated with methacrylated moieties were crosslinked. The obtained actuators provided a broad melting transition in the range from 27 to 44 degrees C. The hydrolytic degradation of programmed OCG actuators (200% of elongation) resulted in a reduction of sample mass to 51 wt% within 21 days at pH = 7.4 and 40 degrees C. Degradation results in a decrease of T-m associated to the actuating units and increasing T-m associated to the skeleton forming units. The actuation capability decreased almost linear as function of time. After 11 days of hydrolytic degradation the shape-memory functionality was lost. Accordingly, a fast degradation behaviour as required, e.g., for actuator materials intended as implant material can be realized.
KW - actuation
KW - shape memory
KW - polymer
KW - crystalline
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1557/adv.2019.447
SN - 2059-8521
VL - 5
IS - 12-13
SP - 655
EP - 666
PB - Cambridge University Press
CY - New York, NY
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Balkenhol, Jasper
A1 - Tiberius, Victor
A1 - Cesinger, Beate
T1 - Partizipative Leitbilderstellung und Mitarbeitermotivation
BT - eine Action-Research-Studie in einem deutschen Startup
JF - Zeitschrift für KMU und Entrepreneurship
N2 - Unternehmensleitbilder sind zu einem beliebten strategischen Instrument geworden, dem eine motivationssteigernde Wirkung zugeschrieben wird. In KMU und Startups wird die Notwendigkeit von Leitbildern infrage gestellt, da entsprechende Inhalte in der persönlichen Führung vermittelt werden. Doch gerade die gemeinsame Erstellung eines Leitbilds kann dessen Akzeptanz sowie die Mitarbeitermotivation erhöhen. Entsprechend verfolgen wir einen explorativen Aktionsforschungsansatz und entwickelten in einem Workshop mit Mitarbeitern eines in Berlin ansässigen E-Commerce-Startups ein Leitbild. Eine Woche vor und nach dem Workshop wurde die Motivation der Mitarbeiter quantitativ mit Hinblick auf Engagement, Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit, Commitment und Kündigungsabsicht gemessen. Unsere Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass die gemeinsame Formulierung eines Leitbilds einen signifikanten positiven Effekt auf die Mitarbeitermotivation hat, insbesondere für Mitarbeiter mit einem niedrigen initialen Motivationsniveau.
N2 - Mission statements have become a popular strategic tool, which increases employee motivation. In SMEs and start-ups, the necessity of mission statements is being questioned as their content can also be communicated by personal leadership. However, especially the participatory development of a mission statement can increase its acceptance and work motivation. Therefore, we pursue an explorative action research approach and developed a mission statement in a workshop with employees of a Berlin-based e-commerce startup. One week before and after the workshop, the employees’ motivation was assessed concerning engagement, satisfaction, commitment and intention to quit. Our results suggest that the participatory development of a mission statement leads to a significant positive effect on work motivation, especially for employees with a low level of motivation.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3790/zfke.68.3-4.127
SN - 1860-4633
SN - 1865-5114
VL - 68
IS - 3-4
SP - 127
EP - 148
PB - Duncker & Humblot
CY - Berlin
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Balt, Miriam
T1 - Assessment of early numeracy development
BT - contributions to designing a progression-based instrument to monitor learning
N2 - Early numeracy is one of the strongest predictors for later success in school mathematics (e.g., Duncan et al., 2007). The main goal of first grade mathematics teachers should therefore be to provide learning opportunities that enable all students to develop sound early numeracy skills. Developmental models, or learning progressions, can describe how early numerical understanding typically develops. Assessments that are aligned to empirically validated learning progressions can support teachers to understand their students learning better and target instruction accordingly. To date, there have been no progression-based instruments made available for German teachers to monitor their students’ progress in the domain of early numeracy. This dissertation contributes to the design of such an instrument. The first study analysed the suitability of early numeracy assessments currently used in German primary schools at school entry to identify students’ individual starting points for subsequent progress monitoring. The second study described the development of progression-based items and investigated the items in regards to main test quality criteria, such as reliability, validity, and test fairness, to find a suitable item pool to build targeted tests. The third study described the construction of the progress monitoring measure, referred to as the learning progress assessment (LPA). The study investigated the extent to which the LPA was able to monitor students’ individual learning progress in early numeracy over time. The results of the first study indicated that current school entry assessments were not able to provide meaningful information about the students’ initial learning status. Thus, the MARKO-D test (Ricken, Fritz, & Balzer, 2013) was used to determine the students’ initial numerical understanding in the other two studies, because it has been shown to be an effective measure of conceptual numerical understanding (Fritz, Ehlert, & Leutner, 2018). Both studies provided promising evidence for the quality of the LPA and its ability to detect changes in numerical understanding over the course of first grade. The studies of this dissertation can be considered an important step in the process of designing an empirically validated instrument that supports teachers to monitor their students’ early numeracy development and to adjust their teaching accordingly to enhance school achievement.
N2 - Frühes mengen- und zahlenbezogenes Wissen (early numeracy) ist einer der stärksten Prädiktoren für spätere Lernerfolge in der Schulmathematik. Hauptziel der Mathematiklehrkräfte der ersten Klassen sollte es daher sein, Lernmöglichkeiten anzubieten, die es allen Schüler*innen erlauben, fundierte mengen- und zahlenbezogene Fähigkeiten zu erwerben. Entwicklungsmodelle (learning progressions) beschreiben, wie sich frühes mengen- und zahlenbezogenes Verständnis typischerweise entwickelt. Diagnostische Tests (assessments), die sich an empirisch validierten Entwicklungsmodellen orientieren, können Lehrkräfte dabei unterstützen, die Leistungen ihrer Schüler*innen besser einzuschätzen und den Unterricht entsprechend darauf anzupassen. Bislang gibt es keine entwicklungsbasierten Instrumente, mit denen deutsche Lehrkräfte die Lernfortschritte ihrer Schüler*innen im Bereich des frühen mengen- und zahlenbezogenen Wissens erfassen können. Diese Dissertation trägt zur Gestaltung eines solchen Instruments bei. Die erste Studie untersucht, inwiefern sich derzeit an deutschen Grundschulen eingesetzte Instrumente zur mathematischen Schuleingangs-diagnostik dafür eignen, das individuelle Ausgangsniveau der Schüler*innen für eine anschließende Lernverlaufsdiagnostik zu bestimmen. In der zweiten Studie wird die Konstruktion von entwicklungsorientierten Items beschrieben. Es wurde untersucht, inwiefern die Items die Testgütekriterien Reliabilität, Validität und Testfairness erfüllen, um einen Item-Pool aufzubauen, der für adaptives Testen eingesetzt werden kann. Die dritte Studie beschreibt die Konstruktion einer Lernverlaufsdiagnostik, learning progress assessment genannt (LPA) und untersucht, inwieweit das LPA die individuellen Lernfortschritte der Schüler*innen hinsichtlich früher arithmetischer Konzepte im Verlauf der ersten Klasse erfassen kann. Die Ergebnisse der ersten Studie zeigten, dass die derzeit an den Grundschulen eingesetzten Verfahren zur Schuleingangsdiagnostik keine aussagekräftigen Informationen über die Erfassung von Lernausgangslagen zulassen. Daher wurde in den beiden anderen Studien der MARKO-D verwendet, um das arithmetische Wissen der Schüler*innen zum Schulanfang zu erfassen. Beide Studien liefern belastbare Evidenz für die Qualität des LPA und dessen Fähigkeit, Veränderung hinsichtlich arithmetischen Wissens im Laufe der ersten Klasse zu messen. Die in dieser Dissertation vorgestellten Studien können als wichtiger Schritt zur Entwicklung eines empirisch validierten Instruments betrachtet werden, das Lehrkräfte dabei unterstützt, die Entwicklung frühen mengen- und zahlenbezogenen Wissens zu erfassen und ihren Unterricht entsprechend anzupassen und damit den Lernerfolg der Schüler*innen zu fördern.
KW - assessment
KW - learning progression
KW - early numeracy
KW - primary school
KW - mathematics
KW - Diagnostik
KW - Lernverlauf
KW - numerische Basisfähigkeiten
KW - Grundschule
KW - Mathematik
Y1 - 2020
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bandara, Lashi
A1 - Bryan, Paul
T1 - Heat kernels and regularity for rough metrics on smooth manifolds
JF - Mathematische Nachrichten
N2 - We consider rough metrics on smooth manifolds and corresponding Laplacians induced by such metrics. We demonstrate that globally continuous heat kernels exist and are Holder continuous locally in space and time. This is done via local parabolic Harnack estimates for weak solutions of operators in divergence form with bounded measurable coefficients in weighted Sobolev spaces.
KW - heat kernel
KW - parabolic Harnack estimate
KW - rough metrics
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mana.201800459
SN - 0025-584X
SN - 1522-2616
VL - 293
IS - 12
SP - 2255
EP - 2270
PB - Wiley-VCH
CY - Weinheim
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Banerjee, Pallavi
A1 - Lipowsky, Reinhard
A1 - Santer, Mark
T1 - Coarse-grained molecular model for the Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor with and without protein
JF - Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation
N2 - Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors are a unique class of complex glycolipids that anchor a great variety of proteins to the extracellular leaflet of plasma membranes of eukaryotic cells. These anchors can exist either with or without an attached protein called GPI-anchored protein (GPI-AP) both in vitro and in vivo. Although GPIs are known to participate in a broad range of cellular functions, it is to a large extent unknown how these are related to GPI structure and composition. Their conformational flexibility and microheterogeneity make it difficult to study them experimentally. Simplified atomistic models are amenable to all-atom computer simulations in small lipid bilayer patches but not suitable for studying their partitioning and trafficking in complex and heterogeneous membranes. Here, we present a coarse-grained model of the GPI anchor constructed with a modified version of the MARTINI force field that is suited for modeling carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids in an aqueous environment using MARTINI's polarizable water. The nonbonded interactions for sugars were reparametrized by calculating their partitioning free energies between polar and apolar phases. In addition, sugar-sugar interactions were optimized by adjusting the second virial coefficients of osmotic pressures for solutions of glucose, sucrose, and trehalose to match with experimental data. With respect to the conformational dynamics of GPI-anchored green fluorescent protein, the accessible time scales are now at least an order of magnitude larger than for the all-atom system. This is particularly important for fine-tuning the mutual interactions of lipids, carbohydrates, and amino acids when comparing to experimental results. We discuss the prospective use of the coarse-grained GPI model for studying protein-sorting and trafficking in membrane models.
KW - Martini force-field
KW - osmotic-pressure
KW - potential-functions
KW - aqueous-solution
KW - dynamics
KW - coefficient
KW - simulation
KW - trypanosoma
KW - transition
KW - parameters
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00056
SN - 1549-9626
SN - 1549-9618
VL - 16
IS - 6
PB - ACS Publications
CY - Washington DC
ER -
TY - THES
A1 - Bangeow, Petjo
T1 - Die Auswirkungen der reformierten Psychotherapierichtlinie auf die ambulante Patentenversorgung
Y1 - 2020
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bangeow, Petjo
A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin
T1 - Beurteilung und Nutzung der 2016 reformierten Psychotherapierichtlinie
T1 - Assessment and use of 2016 reformed psychotherapeutic guideline
BT - Teil II : Ost-West- und Stadt-Land-Vergleich
BT - part II : comparing Eastern and Western Germany as well as urban and rural areas
JF - Psychiatrische Praxis : Sozialpsychiatrie, klinische Psychiatrie, public mental health, Versorgungsforschung
N2 - Ziel der Studie Dieser Artikel untersucht, inwiefern sich die 2016 reformierte Richtlinie im Stadt-Land- sowie im Ost-West-Vergleich auf die ambulante psychotherapeutische Arbeit und Versorgung auswirkt.
Methodik Eine Onlineumfrage unter vertragsärztlich tätigen TherapeutInnen wurde durchgeführt. Die Fragen bezogen sich auf verschiedene Neuerungen in der Richtlinie.
Ergebnisse Unabhängig von der Region schätzten die Befragten ein, dass die Reform zu keiner verbesserten Versorgung führte.
Im Westen und in der Stadt tätige TherapeutInnen verwiesen PatientInnen nach der Sprechstunde öfter an andere Psychotherapiepraxen, im Osten und auf dem Land tätige hingegen öfter auf andere Hilfeangebote.
Schlussfolgerung Stärkere Anreize für die psychotherapeutische Tätigkeit auf dem Land sind zu schaffen. Abbaumaßnahmen der Ost-West-Ungleichheiten in der Versorgungsdichte scheinen nötig.
N2 - Objective This article investigated whether or not the reformed psychotherapeutic guideline had different effects on outpatient psychotherapeutic work and services comparing urban and rural areas as well as eastern and western Germany.
Methods An online survey of psychotherapists was conducted. The survey included questions on various innovations within the reformed guideline.
Results Regardless of region, therapists stated overall that the reform has not led to improved psychotherapeutic care.
Therapists in the West and in urban areas referred more patients to other psychotherapeutic practices after their consultation. Therapists in the East and in rural areas referred more patients to other institutions and services.
Conclusions Psychotherapeutic work in rural areas should be better incentivized. Interventions to reduce east-west inequalities in the density of service provision seem to be necessary.
KW - Psychotherapierichtlinie
KW - Ostdeutschland
KW - Westdeutschland
KW - Stadt-Land-Vergleich
KW - psychotherapy guidelines
KW - Eastern-Western Germany
KW - urban-rural
KW - comparison
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1045-9820
SN - 0303-4259
SN - 1439-0876
VL - 47
IS - 07
SP - 383
EP - 387
PB - Thieme
CY - Stuttgart
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Bangeow, Petjo
A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin
T1 - Beurteilung und Nutzung der 2016 reformierten Psychotherapierichtlinie
BT - Teil I: Vergleich unter den psychotherapeutischen Richtlinienverfahren
BT - Part I: A Comparison of the Psychotherapeutic Methods
JF - Psychiatrische Praxis
N2 - Objective This article investigates how aspects of 2016 reform of the German psychotherapeutic guideline were evaluated and used differently by therapists from three different psychotherapeutic treatment methods.
Methods An online survey was conducted with 987 statutory health insurance approved therapists. The questionnaire focused on various innovations in the guideline.
Results There were significant differences in the use of the broadened authority and of specific treatment services. There were also differences in the application for short-term and long-term psychotherapies as well as in the application to extend short to long-term psychotherapy.
Conclusions Elements of the guideline should be evaluated in relation to the preferred treatment method. Aspects related to the psychotherapeutic work with patients seem to be especially significant.
N2 - Ziel der Studie Dieser Artikel untersucht, inwiefern Aspekte der 2016 reformierten Psychotherapierichtlinie aus Sicht der drei Richtlinienverfahren für die praktische Arbeit unterschiedlich bewertet und genutzt werden.
Methodik Eine Onlineumfrage wurde unter vertragsärztlich tätigen PsychotherapeutInnen (n = 987) durchgeführt. Die Fragen bezogen sich auf die unterschiedlichen Neuerungen in der Psychotherapierichtlinie.
Ergebnisse Signifikante Unterschiede wurden u. a. in der Nutzung der erweiterten Befugnisse sowie in der Abrechnung bestimmter Leistungen deutlich. Die Gruppen unterschieden sich auch in der Beantragung von Behandlungskontingenten.
Schlussfolgerung Es scheint sinnvoll, Elemente der Richtlinienreform aus der Sicht des bevorzugten Behandlungsverfahrens zu evaluieren. Jene Aspekte scheinen bedeutsam, die sich auf die unmittelbare Arbeit mit den PatientInnen beziehen.
T2 - Assessment and Use of 2016 Reformed Psychotherapeutic Guideline
KW - Psychotherapierichtlinie
KW - Richtlinienverfahren
KW - Unterschiede
KW - psychotherapy guideline
KW - psychotherapy methods
KW - differences
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1045-9801
SN - 0303-4259
SN - 1439-0876
VL - 47
IS - 3
SP - 135
EP - 141
PB - Thieme
CY - Stuttgart
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Barbolini, Natasha
A1 - Woutersen, Amber
A1 - Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume
A1 - Silvestro, Daniele
A1 - Tardif-Becquet, Delphine
A1 - Coster, Pauline M. C.
A1 - Meijer, Niels
A1 - Chang, Cun
A1 - Zhang, Hou-Xi
A1 - Licht, Alexis
A1 - Rydin, Catarina
A1 - Koutsodendris, Andreas
A1 - Han, Fang
A1 - Rohrmann, Alexander
A1 - Liu, Xiang-Jun
A1 - Zhang, Y.
A1 - Donnadieu, Yannick
A1 - Fluteau, Frederic
A1 - Ladant, Jean-Baptiste
A1 - Le Hir, Guillaume
A1 - Hoorn, M. Carina
T1 - Cenozoic evolution of the steppe-desert biome in Central Asia
JF - Science Advances
N2 - The origins and development of the arid and highly seasonal steppe-desert biome in Central Asia, the largest of its kind in the world, remain largely unconstrained by existing records. It is unclear how Cenozoic climatic, geological, and biological forces, acting at diverse spatial and temporal scales, shaped Central Asian ecosystems through time. Our synthesis shows that the Central Asian steppe-desert has existed since at least Eocene times but experienced no less than two regime shifts, one at the Eocene-Oligocene Transition and one in the mid-Miocene. These shifts separated three successive "stable states," each characterized by unique floral and faunal structures. Past responses to disturbance in the Asian steppe-desert imply that modern ecosystems are unlikely to recover their present structures and diversity if forced into a new regime. This is of concern for Asian steppes today, which are being modified for human use and lost to desertification at unprecedented rates.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb8227
SN - 2375-2548
VL - 6
IS - 41
PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science
CY - Washington
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Baritello, Omar
A1 - Khajooei, Mina
A1 - Engel, Tilman
A1 - Kopinski, Stephan
A1 - Quarmby, Andrew James
A1 - Müller, Steffen
A1 - Mayer, Frank
T1 - Neuromuscular shoulder activity during exercises with different combinations of stable and unstable weight mass
JF - BMC sports science, medicine and rehabilitation
N2 - Background Recent shoulder injury prevention programs have utilized resistance exercises combined with different forms of instability, with the goal of eliciting functional adaptations and thereby reducing the risk of injury. However, it is still unknown how an unstable weight mass (UWM) affects the muscular activity of the shoulder stabilizers. Aim of the study was to assess neuromuscular activity of dynamic shoulder stabilizers under four conditions of stable and UWM during three shoulder exercises. It was hypothesized that a combined condition of weight with UWM would elicit greater activation due to the increased stabilization demand. Methods Sixteen participants (7 m/9 f) were included in this cross-sectional study and prepared with an EMG-setup for the: Mm. upper/lower trapezius (U.TA/L.TA), lateral deltoid (DE), latissimus dorsi (LD), serratus anterior (SA) and pectoralis major (PE). A maximal voluntary isometric contraction test (MVIC; 5 s.) was performed on an isokinetic dynamometer. Next, internal/external rotation (In/Ex), abduction/adduction (Ab/Ad) and diagonal flexion/extension (F/E) exercises (5 reps.) were performed with four custom-made-pipes representing different exercise conditions. First, the empty-pipe (P; 0.5 kg) and then, randomly ordered, water-filled-pipe (PW; 1 kg), weight-pipe (PG; 4.5 kg) and weight + water-filled-pipe (PWG; 4.5 kg), while EMG was recorded. Raw root-mean-square values (RMS) were normalized to MVIC (%MVIC). Differences between conditions for RMS%MVIC, scapular stabilizer (SR: U.TA/L.TA; U.TA/SA) and contraction (CR: concentric/eccentric) ratios were analyzed (paired t-test; p <= 0.05; Bonferroni adjusted alpha = 0.008). Results PWG showed significantly greater muscle activity for all exercises and all muscles except for PE compared to P and PW. Condition PG elicited muscular activity comparable to PWG (p > 0.008) with significantly lower activation of L.TA and SA in the In/Ex rotation. The SR ratio was significantly higher in PWG compared to P and PW. No significant differences were found for the CR ratio in all exercises and for all muscles. Conclusion Higher weight generated greater muscle activation whereas an UWM raised the neuromuscular activity, increasing the stabilization demands. Especially in the In/Ex rotation, an UWM increased the RMS%MVIC and SR ratio. This might improve training effects in shoulder prevention and rehabilitation programs.
KW - EMG
KW - instability
KW - overhead athlete
KW - unstable resistance training
KW - water
KW - pipe
KW - rotator cuff
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-020-00168-x
SN - 2052-1847
VL - 12
IS - 1
PB - BioMed Central
CY - London
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Barkow, Isolde S.
A1 - Oswald, Sascha
A1 - Lensing, Hermann Josef
A1 - Munz, Matthias
T1 - Seasonal dynamics modifies fate of oxygen, nitrate, and organic micropollutants during bank filtration
BT - temperature-dependent reactive transport modeling of field data
JF - Environmental science and pollution research : official organ of the EuCheMS Division for Chemistry and the Environment, EuCheMS DCE
N2 - Bank filtration is considered to improve water quality through microbially mediated degradation of pollutants and is suitable for waterworks to increase their production. In particular, aquifer temperatures and oxygen supply have a great impact on many microbial processes. To investigate the temporal and spatial behavior of selected organic micropollutants during bank filtration in dependence of relevant biogeochemical conditions, we have set up a 2D reactive transport model using MODFLOW and PHT3D under the user interface ORTI3D. The considered 160-m-long transect ranges from the surface water to a groundwater extraction well of the adjacent waterworks. For this purpose, water levels, temperatures, and chemical parameters were regularly measured in the surface water and groundwater observation wells over one and a half years. To simulate the effect of seasonal temperature variations on microbial mediated degradation, we applied an empirical temperature factor, which yields a strong reduction of the degradation rate at groundwater temperatures below 11 degrees C. Except for acesulfame, the considered organic micropollutants are substantially degraded along their subsurface flow paths with maximum degradation rates in the range of 10(-6) mol L-1 s(-1). Preferential biodegradation of phenazone, diclofenac, and valsartan was found under oxic conditions, whereas carbamazepine and sulfamethoxazole were degraded under anoxic conditions. This study highlights the influence of seasonal variations in oxygen supply and temperature on the fate of organic micropollutants in surface water infiltrating into an aquifer.
KW - bank filtration
KW - aerobic and anaerobic conditions
KW - pharmaceuticals and
KW - personal care products
KW - reactive transport modeling
KW - degradation
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11002-9
SN - 0944-1344
SN - 1614-7499
VL - 28
IS - 8
SP - 9682
EP - 9700
PB - Springer
CY - Heidelberg
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Barkowsky, Matthias
A1 - Giese, Holger
T1 - Hybrid search plan generation for generalized graph pattern matching
JF - Journal of logical and algebraic methods in programming
N2 - In recent years, the increased interest in application areas such as social networks has resulted in a rising popularity of graph-based approaches for storing and processing large amounts of interconnected data. To extract useful information from the growing network structures, efficient querying techniques are required.
In this paper, we propose an approach for graph pattern matching that allows a uniform handling of arbitrary constraints over the query vertices. Our technique builds on a previously introduced matching algorithm, which takes concrete host graph information into account to dynamically adapt the employed search plan during query execution. The dynamic algorithm is combined with an existing static approach for search plan generation, resulting in a hybrid technique which we further extend by a more sophisticated handling of filtering effects caused by constraint checks. We evaluate the presented concepts empirically based on an implementation for our graph pattern matching tool, the Story Diagram Interpreter, with queries and data provided by the LDBC Social Network Benchmark. Our results suggest that the hybrid technique may improve search efficiency in several cases, and rarely reduces efficiency.
KW - graph pattern matching
KW - search plan generation
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlamp.2020.100563
SN - 2352-2208
VL - 114
PB - Elsevier
CY - New York
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Barlow, Axel
A1 - Hartmann, Stefanie
A1 - Gonzalez, Javier
A1 - Hofreiter, Michael
A1 - Paijmans, Johanna L. A.
T1 - Consensify
BT - a method for generating pseudohaploid genome sequences from palaeogenomic datasets with reduced error rates
JF - Genes / Molecular Diversity Preservation International
N2 - A standard practise in palaeogenome analysis is the conversion of mapped short read data into pseudohaploid sequences, frequently by selecting a single high-quality nucleotide at random from the stack of mapped reads. This controls for biases due to differential sequencing coverage, but it does not control for differential rates and types of sequencing error, which are frequently large and variable in datasets obtained from ancient samples. These errors have the potential to distort phylogenetic and population clustering analyses, and to mislead tests of admixture using D statistics. We introduce Consensify, a method for generating pseudohaploid sequences, which controls for biases resulting from differential sequencing coverage while greatly reducing error rates. The error correction is derived directly from the data itself, without the requirement for additional genomic resources or simplifying assumptions such as contemporaneous sampling. For phylogenetic and population clustering analysis, we find that Consensify is less affected by artefacts than methods based on single read sampling. For D statistics, Consensify is more resistant to false positives and appears to be less affected by biases resulting from different laboratory protocols than other frequently used methods. Although Consensify is developed with palaeogenomic data in mind, it is applicable for any low to medium coverage short read datasets. We predict that Consensify will be a useful tool for future studies of palaeogenomes.
KW - palaeogenomics
KW - ancient DNA
KW - sequencing error
KW - error reduction
KW - D statistics
KW - bioinformatics
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11010050
SN - 2073-4425
VL - 11
IS - 1
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Barnett, Ross
A1 - Westbury, Michael V.
A1 - Sandoval-Velasco, Marcela
A1 - Vieira, Filipe Garrett
A1 - Jeon, Sungwon
A1 - Zazula, Grant
A1 - Martin, Michael D.
A1 - Ho, Simon Y. W.
A1 - Mather, Niklas
A1 - Gopalakrishnan, Shyam
A1 - Ramos-Madrigal, Jazmin
A1 - de Manuel, Marc
A1 - Zepeda-Mendoza, M. Lisandra
A1 - Antunes, Agostinho
A1 - Baez, Aldo Carmona
A1 - De Cahsan, Binia
A1 - Larson, Greger
A1 - O'Brien, Stephen J.
A1 - Eizirik, Eduardo
A1 - Johnson, Warren E.
A1 - Koepfli, Klaus-Peter
A1 - Wilting, Andreas
A1 - Fickel, Jörns
A1 - Dalen, Love
A1 - Lorenzen, Eline D.
A1 - Marques-Bonet, Tomas
A1 - Hansen, Anders J.
A1 - Zhang, Guojie
A1 - Bhak, Jong
A1 - Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki
A1 - Gilbert, M. Thomas P.
T1 - Genomic adaptations and evolutionary history of the extinct scimitar-toothed cat
BT - Homotherium latidens
JF - Current biology
N2 - Homotherium was a genus of large-bodied scimitar-toothed cats, morphologically distinct from any extant felid species, that went extinct at the end of the Pleistocene [1-4]. They possessed large, saber-form serrated canine teeth, powerful forelimbs, a sloping back, and an enlarged optic bulb, all of which were key characteristics for predation on Pleistocene megafauna [5]. Previous mitochondrial DNA phylogenies suggested that it was a highly divergent sister lineage to all extant cat species [6-8]. However, mitochondrial phylogenies can be misled by hybridization [9], incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), or sex-biased dispersal patterns [10], which might be especially relevant for Homotherium since widespread mito-nuclear discrepancies have been uncovered in modern cats [10]. To examine the evolutionary history of Homotherium, we generated a -7x nuclear genome and a similar to 38x exome from H. latidens using shotgun and target-capture sequencing approaches. Phylogenetic analyses reveal Homotherium as highly divergent (similar to 22.5 Ma) from living cat species, with no detectable signs of gene flow. Comparative genomic analyses found signatures of positive selection in several genes, including those involved in vision, cognitive function, and energy consumption, putatively consistent with diurnal activity, well-developed social behavior, and cursorial hunting [5]. Finally, we uncover relatively high levels of genetic diversity, suggesting that Homotherium may have been more abundant than the limited fossil record suggests [3, 4, 11-14]. Our findings complement and extend previous inferences from both the fossil record and initial molecular studies, enhancing our understanding of the evolution and ecology of this remarkable lineage.
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.051
SN - 0960-9822
SN - 1879-0445
VL - 30
IS - 24
PB - Cell Press
CY - Cambridge
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Baroni, Gabriele
A1 - Francke, Till
T1 - An effective strategy for combining variance- and distribution-based global sensitivity analysis
JF - Environmental modelling & software with environment data news
N2 - We present a new strategy for performing global sensitivity analysis capable to estimate main and interaction effects from a generic sampling design. The new strategy is based on a meaningful combination of varianceand distribution-based approaches. The strategy is tested on four analytic functions and on a hydrological model. Results show that the analysis is consistent with the state-of-the-art Saltelli/Jansen formula but to better quantify the interaction effect between the input factors when the output distribution is skewed. Moreover, the estimation of the sensitivity indices is much more robust requiring a smaller number of simulations runs. Specific settings and alternative methods that can be integrated in the new strategy are also discussed. Overall, the strategy is considered as a new simple and effective tool for performing global sensitivity analysis that can be easily integrated in any environmental modelling framework.
KW - global sensitivity analysis
KW - variance
KW - distribution
KW - generic sampling
KW - design
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104851
SN - 1364-8152
SN - 1873-6726
VL - 134
PB - Elsevier
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Barthel, Martin
A1 - Bürkner, Hans-Joachim
T1 - Ukraine and the big moral divide
BT - what biased media coverage means to East European borders
JF - Geopolitics
N2 - Geopolitical shifts and the changing significance of borders in the EU's neighbourhood are usually understood as a matter of international power politics. Factors that accompany geopolitical impact on borders, such as media coverage of geopolitical change, often appear as secondary or irrelevant. However the recent Ukraine conflict revealed the contrary as pro-EU attitudes were strongly supported by 'western' media. Therefore this paper seeks to clarify the role of news media in creating perspectives and attitudes on geopolitical shifts and the significance of European borders. Empirical evidence on the coverage of the evolving Ukraine crisis by German news sources portrays the media as promoters of biased framings and imaginaries which suggest that the EU be a potential conflict party in the newly evolving geostrategic confrontation in its eastern neighbourhood. The findings indicate that during critical periods of the Ukraine crisis media reports combined rising euphoria about Europe and 'the West', as defenders of the 'good cause', with excessive moral polarising and the discursive normalisation of a rhetoric of escalation. Imaginaries of a bipolar world (The West against Russia) and a new Cold War prepared the ground for a new understanding of European borders and neighbourhood relations as being manipulable at will.
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2018.1561437
SN - 1465-0045
SN - 1557-3028
VL - 25
IS - 3
SP - 633
EP - 657
PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY - Philadelphia, Pa. [u.a]
ER -