TY - JOUR A1 - Rebiger, Bill T1 - Piergabriele Mancuso: Shabbatai Donnolo’s Sefer Hakhmoni. Introduction, Critical Text, and Annotated English Translation / [rezensiert von] Bill Rebiger JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Mancuso, Piergabriele : Shabbatai Donnolo’s Sefer Hakhmoni. Introduction, Critical Text, and Annotated English Translation. - Leiden – Boston: Brill 2010. XII, 413 S.-(= Studies in Jewish History and Culture, Bd. 27). Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67182 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 19 SP - 231 EP - 234 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hiscott, William T1 - Hannah Lotte Lund: Der Berliner „jüdische“ Salon um 1800: Emanzipation in der Debatte / [rezensiert von] William Hiscott JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Lund, Hannah Lotte: Der Berliner „jüdische“ Salon um 1800: Emanzipation in der Debatte. - Berlin – Boston: de Gruyter 2012. XVI, 593 S., 26 s/w Abb., (= Europäisch-jüdische Studien – Beiträge, Bd. 1). Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67196 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 19 SP - 242 EP - 245 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ristau, Daniel T1 - Kerstin von der Krone: Wissenschaft in Öffentlichkeit. Die Wissenschaft des Judentums und ihre Zeitschriften / [rezensiert von] Daniel Ristau; Mirjam Thulin: Kaufmanns Nachrichtendienst. Ein jüdisches Gelehrtennetzwerk im 19. Jahrhundert / [rezensiert von] Daniel Ristau JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: von der Krone, Kerstin: Wissenschaft in Öffentlichkeit. Die Wissenschaft des Judentums und ihre Zeitschriften. - Berlin: de Gruyter 2012. X, 539 S. - (=Studia Judaica, Bd. 65) Thulin, Mirjam: Kaufmanns Nachrichtendienst. Ein jüdisches Gelehrtennetzwerk im 19. Jahrhundert. - Göttingen: vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 2012. 424 S., 14 Abb., 6 Karten, 6 Tabellen. - (=Schriften des Simon-Dubnow-Instituts, Bd.16) Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67201 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 19 SP - 245 EP - 250 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arnold, Rafael D. T1 - Annette Benaim: Sixteenth-Century Judeo-Spanish Testimonies. An Edition of Eighty-four Testimonies from the Sephardic Responsa in the Ottoman Empire / [rezensiert von] Rafael Arnold JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Benaim: Annette: Sixteenth-Century Judeo-Spanish Testimonies. An Edition of Eighty-four Testimonies from the Sephardic Responsa in the Ottoman Empire. - Leiden: Brill 2012. XXVI. 576 S. - (= Études sur le Judaïsme Médiéval, Bd. 52) Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67221 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 19 SP - 234 EP - 238 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Salzer, Dorothea M. T1 - Christine Reents und Christoph Melchior: Die Geschichte der Kinder- und Schulbibel. Evangelisch – katholisch – jüdisch / [rezensiert von] Dorothea M. Salzer JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Reents, Christine und Melchior, Christoph: Die Geschichte der Kinder- und Schulbibel. Evangelisch – katholisch – jüdisch. - Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Rumprecht, 2011. 676 S., 408 Abb., 1CD. - (= Arbeiten zur Religionspädagogik, Bd. 48) Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67233 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 19 SP - 238 EP - 241 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Matut, Diana T1 - Erika Timm, Eleazar Birnbaum und David Birnbaum (Hg.): Ein Leben für die Wissenschaft/A Lifetime of Achievement. Wissenschaftliche Aufsätze aus sechs Jahrzehnten von Salomo A. Birnbaum/Six Decades of Scholarly Articles by Solomon A. Birnbaum / [rezensiert von] Diana Matut JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Timm, Erika; Birnbaum, Eleazar und Birnbaum, David(Hg.): Ein Leben für die Wissenschaft/A Lifetime of Achievement. Wissenschaftliche Aufsätze aus sechs Jahrzehnten von Salomo A. Birnbaum/Six Decades of Scholarly Articles by Solomon A. Birnbaum. 2 Bde. - Berlin – Boston: De Gruyter 2011. Band 1, 540 S., Band 2. XXVII, 458 S. Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67245 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 19 SP - 253 EP - 256 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kühne, Jan T1 - Sebastian Schirrmeister: Das Gastspiel – Friedrich Lobe und das hebräische Theater 1933–1950 / [rezensiert von] Jan Kühne JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Schirrmeister, Sebastian: Das Gastspiel – Friedrich Lobe und das hebräische Theater 1933–1950. - Berlin: Neofelis 2012. 172 S. Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67256 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 19 SP - 256 EP - 259 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haußig, Hans-Michael T1 - Yoav Gelber: Nation and History. Israeli Historiography Between Zionism and Post-Zionism / [rezensiert von] Hans-Michael Haußig JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Gelber, Yoav: Nation and History. Israeli Historiography Between Zionism and Post-Zionism. - London – Portland, Oregon: Vallentine Mitchell 2011. XIV, 335 S. Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67268 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 19 SP - 259 EP - 261 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Linde, Benjamin van der T1 - Rezension: W[iebe] Bergsma (Hrsg.), Enege gedenckwerdege geschiedenissen. Kroniek van de Friese militair Poppo van Burmania uit de Tachtigjarige Oorlog, Hilversum: Verloren 2012, 230 S., 25 € [ISBN: 978-90-8704-304-9]. Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65536 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Linde, Benjamin van der T1 - Rezension: H[ans] L[aurentz] Zwitzer, J[an] Hoffenaar en C[hristiaan] W. van der Spek (redactie), Het Staatse Leger. Deel IX. De achtiende eeuw 1713-1795, Amsterdam 2012, 946 S., 55 € [ISBN 978 90 6707 659 4]. Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65545 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leins, Steffen T1 - Rezension: Jan Willem Huntebrinker, „Fromme Knechte“ und „Garteteufel“. Söldner als soziale Gruppe im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert (= Konflikte und Kultur, Bd. 22), Konstanz 2010, 451 S. mit 54 Abb., Softcover, € 54,00 [ISBN 978-3-86764-274-3]. Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65565 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wischer, Ilse T1 - Peter Fenn: A student's advanced grammar of english / rezensiert von Ilse Wischer JF - Anglistik : international journal of english studies N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Peter Fenn: A student's advanced grammar of english / Tübingen: Franke, 2010. - XVIII, 581 S. Y1 - 2013 SN - 0947-0034 VL - 23 IS - 2 SP - 215 EP - 217 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rischke, Janine T1 - Jürgen Kloosterhuis, Lothar Lambacher (Bearb.), Kriegsgericht in Köpenick! Anno 1730: Kronprinz - Katte - Königswort (Katalog zur Ausstellung „Kriegsgericht in Köpenick!“ des Geheimen Staatsarchivs PK und des Kunstgewerbemuseums der Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin im Schloss Köpenick vom 29.10.2011 bis zum 05.02.2012), Berlin 2011, 295 S., zahlreiche Abbildungen in schwarz-weiß und Farbe, 26,00 € [ISBN 978-3-923579-17-4] Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-73302 VL - 2013 IS - 17/2 SP - 113 EP - 120 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rischke, Janine T1 - Marian Füssel, Sven Petersen (Hrsg.), Johann Heinrich Ludewig Grotehenn: Briefe aus dem Siebenjährigen Krieg, Lebensbeschreibung und Tagebuch. In Zusammenarbeit mit dem Militärgeschichtlichen Forschungsamt, Potsdam, unter Mitarbeit von Gerald Scholz. (= Potsdamer Schriften zur Militärgeschichte 18) Potsdam 2012, 241 S., 5 farbige Abb., 2 schwarz-weiße Abb., 19,80 € [ISBN 978-3-941571-20-4] Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-73317 VL - 2013 IS - 17/2 SP - 121 EP - 126 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haußig, Hans-Michael T1 - Nachman Ben-Yehuda: Theocratic Democracy. The Social Construction of Religious and Secular Extremism / [rezensiert von] Hans-Michael Haußig JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Ben-Yehuda, Nachman: Theocratic Democracy. The Social Construction of Religious and Secular Extremism. - Oxford – New York: Oxford University Press 2010. XVI, 296 S. Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67272 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 19 SP - 261 EP - 265 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wolf, Anne-Katrin T1 - Lisa Moos, Individualrechtsschutz gegen menschenrechtswidrige hoheitliche Maßnahmenvon Übergangsverwaltungen der Vereinten Nationen am Beispiel der United NationsInterim Administration Mission in Kosovo / [rezensiert von] Anne-Katrin Wolf JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Rezensiertes Werk Lisa Moos, Individualrechtsschutz gegen menschenrechtswidrige hoheitliche Maßnahmen von Übergangsverwaltungen der Vereinten Nationen am Beispiel der United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo, Duncker & Humblot, 2012, 450 Seiten, ISBN 978-3-428-14029-9 Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70256 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 118 EP - 122 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sibly, Richard M. A1 - Grimm, Volker A1 - Martin, Benjamin T. A1 - Johnston, Alice S. A. A1 - Kulakowska, Katarzyna A1 - Topping, Christopher J. A1 - Calow, Peter A1 - Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob A1 - Thorbek, Pernille A1 - DeAngelis, Donald L. T1 - Representing the acquisition and use of energy by individuals in agent-based models of animal populations JF - Methods in ecology and evolution : an official journal of the British Ecological Society N2 - Agent-based models (ABMs) are widely used to predict how populations respond to changing environments. As the availability of food varies in space and time, individuals should have their own energy budgets, but there is no consensus as to how these should be modelled. Here, we use knowledge of physiological ecology to identify major issues confronting the modeller and to make recommendations about how energy budgets for use in ABMs should be constructed. Our proposal is that modelled animals forage as necessary to supply their energy needs for maintenance, growth and reproduction. If there is sufficient energy intake, an animal allocates the energy obtained in the order: maintenance, growth, reproduction, energy storage, until its energy stores reach an optimal level. If there is a shortfall, the priorities for maintenance and growth/reproduction remain the same until reserves fall to a critical threshold below which all are allocated to maintenance. Rates of ingestion and allocation depend on body mass and temperature. We make suggestions for how each of these processes should be modelled mathematically. Mortality rates vary with body mass and temperature according to known relationships, and these can be used to obtain estimates of background mortality rate. If parameter values cannot be obtained directly, then values may provisionally be obtained by parameter borrowing, pattern-oriented modelling, artificial evolution or from allometric equations. The development of ABMs incorporating individual energy budgets is essential for realistic modelling of populations affected by food availability. Such ABMs are already being used to guide conservation planning of nature reserves and shell fisheries, to assess environmental impacts of building proposals including wind farms and highways and to assess the effects on nontarget organisms of chemicals for the control of agricultural pests. KW - bioenergetics KW - energy budget KW - individual-based models KW - population dynamics Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.12002 SN - 2041-210X VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 151 EP - 161 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sorge, Arndt T1 - Disintegrating Democracy at Work: Labor Unions and the Future of Good Jobs in the Service Economy JF - British journal of industrial relations : an international journal of employment relations Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0094306113514539i SN - 0007-1080 VL - 51 IS - 1 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sodoudi, Forough A1 - Yuan, Xiaohui A1 - Kind, Rainer A1 - Lebedev, Sergei A1 - Adam, Joanne M-C. A1 - Kästle, Emanuel A1 - Tilmann, Frederik T1 - Seismic evidence for stratification in composition and anisotropic fabric within the thick lithosphere of Kalahari Craton JF - Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems N2 - Based on joint consideration of S receiver functions and surface-wave anisotropy we present evidence for the existence of a thick and layered lithosphere beneath the Kalahari Craton. Our results show that frozen-in anisotropy and compositional changes can generate sharp Mid-Lithospheric Discontinuities (MLD) at depths of 85 and 150-200 km, respectively. We found that a 50 km thick anisotropic layer, containing 3% S wave anisotropy and with a fast-velocity axis different from that in the layer beneath, can account for the first MLD at about 85 km depth. Significant correlation between the depths of an apparent boundary separating the depleted and metasomatised lithosphere, as inferred from chemical tomography, and those of our second MLD led us to characterize it as a compositional boundary, most likely due to the modification of the cratonic mantle lithosphere by magma infiltration. The deepening of this boundary from 150 to 200 km is spatially correlated with the surficial expression of the Thabazimbi-Murchison Lineament (TML), implying that the TML isolates the lithosphere of the Limpopo terrane from that of the ancient Kaapvaal terrane. The largest velocity contrast (3.6-4.7%) is observed at a boundary located at depths of 260-280 km beneath the Archean domains and the older Proterozoic belt. This boundary most likely represents the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary, which shallows to about 200 km beneath the younger Proterozoic belt. Thus, the Kalahari lithosphere may have survived multiple episodes of intense magmatism and collisional rifting during the billions of years of its history, which left their imprint in its internal layering. KW - lithospheric layering KW - S receiver functions Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GC004955 SN - 1525-2027 VL - 14 IS - 12 SP - 5393 EP - 5412 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Messling, Markus T1 - Introduction to Philology, Junius JF - Zeitschrift für Germanistik Y1 - 2013 SN - 0323-7982 VL - 23 IS - 3 SP - 705 EP - 707 PB - Lang CY - Bern ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheiner, Ricarda A1 - Abramson, Charles I. A1 - Brodschneider, Robert A1 - Crailsheim, Karl A1 - Farina, Walter M. A1 - Fuchs, Stefan A1 - Grünewald, Bernd A1 - Hahshold, Sybille A1 - Karrer, Marlene A1 - Koeniger, Gudrun A1 - Königer, Niko A1 - Menzel, Randolf A1 - Mujagic, Samir A1 - Radspieler, Gerald A1 - Schmickl, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Christof A1 - Siegel, Adam J. A1 - Szopek, Martina A1 - Thenius, Ronald T1 - Standard methods for behavioural studies of Apis mellifera JF - Journal of apicultural research N2 - In this BEEBOOK paper we present a set of established methods for quantifying honey bee behaviour. We start with general methods for preparing bees for behavioural assays. Then we introduce assays for quantifying sensory responsiveness to gustatory, visual and olfactory stimuli. Presentation of more complex behaviours like appetitive and aversive learning under controlled laboratory conditions and learning paradigms under free-flying conditions will allow the reader to investigate a large range of cognitive skills in honey bees. Honey bees are very sensitive to changing temperatures. We therefore present experiments which aim at analysing honey bee locomotion in temperature gradients. The complex flight behaviour of honey bees can be investigated under controlled conditions in the laboratory or with sophisticated technologies like harmonic radar or RFID in the field. These methods will be explained in detail in different sections. Honey bees are model organisms in behavioural biology for their complex yet plastic division of labour. To observe the daily behaviour of individual bees in a colony, classical observation hives are very useful. The setting up and use of typical observation hives will be the focus of another section. The honey bee dance language has important characteristics of a real language and has been the focus of numerous studies. We here discuss the background of the honey bee dance language and describe how it can be studied. Finally, the mating of a honey bee queen with drones is essential to survival of the entire colony. We here give detailed and structured information how the mating behaviour of drones and queens can be observed and experimentally manipulated. The ultimate goal of this chapter is to provide the reader with a comprehensive set of experimental protocols for detailed studies on all aspects of honey bee behaviour including investigation of pesticide and insecticide effects. KW - COLOSS KW - BEEBOOK KW - honey bee KW - behaviour KW - gustatory responsiveness KW - olfactory responsiveness KW - phototaxis KW - non-associative learning KW - associative learning KW - appetitive learning KW - aversive learning KW - locomotion KW - temperature sensing KW - honey bee flight KW - observation hive KW - honey bee dance KW - honey bee navigation KW - harmonic radar KW - BeeScan KW - RFID KW - honey bee mating KW - free-flying honey bees Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3896/IBRA.1.52.4.04 SN - 0021-8839 SN - 2078-6913 VL - 52 IS - 4 PB - International Bee Research Association CY - Cardiff ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stecker, Christian T1 - Parliaments and coalitions: - the role of legislative institutions in multiparty governance JF - Politische Vierteljahresschrift : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Vereinigung für Politische Wissenschaft Y1 - 2013 SN - 0032-3470 VL - 54 IS - 2 SP - 383 EP - 385 PB - Nomos CY - Hannover ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Degen, Andreas T1 - Literarische Faszination in England um 1900 JF - Arcadia : international journal of literary culture Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/arcadia-2013-0012 SN - 0003-7982 VL - 48 IS - 1 SP - 217 EP - 222 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brosig, Maria T1 - Charming country GDR interpretations and self-interpretations of literary West-East-Migration JF - Weimarer Beiträge : Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft, Ästhetik und Kulturwissenschaften Y1 - 2013 SN - 0043-2199 VL - 59 IS - 4 SP - 605 EP - 608 PB - Passagen-Verl. CY - Wien ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haßler, Gerda T1 - The life of language language dynamics in France from 1864 to 1916 JF - Neuphilologische Mitteilungen : bulletin de la Société Néophilologique de Helsinki Y1 - 2013 SN - 0028-3754 VL - 114 IS - 3 SP - 363 EP - 370 PB - Neuphilologischer Verein CY - Helsinki ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hiscott, William T1 - Lund, H.L., Der Berliner jüdische Salon um 1800, Emanzipation in der Debatte; De Gryter, Berlin, 2012 BT - Der Berliner jüdische Salon um 1800, Emanzipation in der Debatte Y1 - 2013 SN - 1614-6492 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sharma, Tripti A1 - Dreyer, Ingo A1 - Riedelsberger, Janin T1 - The role of K+ channels in uptake and redistribution of potassium in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana JF - Frontiers in plant science N2 - Potassium (K+) is inevitable for plant growth and development. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of enzyme activities, in adjusting the electrical membrane potential and the cellular turgor, in regulating cellular homeostasis and in the stabilization of protein synthesis. Uptake of K+ from the soil and its transport to growing organs is essential for a healthy plant development. Uptake and allocation of K+ are performed by K+ channels and transporters belonging to different protein families. In this review we summarize the knowledge on the versatile physiological roles of plant K+ channels and their behavior under stress conditions in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. KW - plant potassium channel KW - Shaker KW - TPK KW - K-ir-like KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - voltage-dependent KW - voltage-independent Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00224 SN - 1664-462X VL - 4 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jolivet, Laurent A1 - Faccenna, Claudio A1 - Huet, Benjamin A1 - Labrousse, Loic A1 - Le Pourhiet, Laetitia A1 - Lacombe, Olivier A1 - Lecomte, Emmanuel A1 - Burov, Evguenii A1 - Denele, Yoann A1 - Brun, Jean-Pierre A1 - Philippon, Melody A1 - Paul, Anne A1 - Salaue, Gwenaelle A1 - Karabulut, Hayrullah A1 - Piromallo, Claudia A1 - Monie, Patrick A1 - Gueydan, Frederic A1 - Okay, Aral I. A1 - Oberhänsli, Roland A1 - Pourteau, Amaury A1 - Augier, Romain A1 - Gadenne, Leslie A1 - Driussi, Olivier T1 - Aegean tectonics strain localisation, slab tearing and trench retreat JF - Tectonophysics : international journal of geotectonics and the geology and physics of the interior of the earth N2 - We review the geodynamic evolution of the Aegean-Anatolia region and discuss strain localisation there over geological times. From Late Eocene to Present, crustal deformation in the Aegean backarc has localised progressively during slab retreat. Extension started with the formation of the Rhodope Metamorphic Core Complex (Eocene) and migrated to the Cyclades and the northern Menderes Massif (Oligocene and Miocene), accommodated by crustal-scale detachments and a first series of core complexes (MCCs). Extension then localised in Western Turkey, the Corinth Rift and the external Hellenic arc after Messinian times, while the North Anatolian Fault penetrated the Aegean Sea. Through time the direction and style of extension have not changed significantly except in terms of localisation. The contributions of progressive slab retreat and tearing, basal drag, extrusion tectonics and tectonic inheritance are discussed and we favour a model (I) where slab retreat is the main driving engine, (2) successive slab tearing episodes are the main causes of this stepwise strain localisation and (3) the inherited heterogeneity of the crust is a major factor for localising detachments. The continental crust has an inherited strong heterogeneity and crustal-scale contacts such as major thrust planes act as weak zones or as zones of contrast of resistance and viscosity that can localise later deformation. The dynamics of slabs at depth and the asthenospheric flow due to slab retreat also have influence strain localisation in the upper plate. Successive slab ruptures from the Middle Miocene to the late Miocene have isolated a narrow strip of lithosphere, still attached to the African lithosphere below Crete. The formation of the North Anatolian Fault is partly a consequence of this evolution. The extrusion of Anatolia and the Aegean extension are partly driven from below (asthenospheric flow) and from above (extrusion of a lid of rigid crust). KW - Backarc extension KW - Slab retreat KW - Asthenospheric flow KW - Strain localisation KW - Aegean Sea KW - Metamorphic core complex Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2012.06.011 SN - 0040-1951 VL - 597 SP - 1 EP - 33 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Entrich, Steve R. T1 - Education and equal opportunity in Japan. Asia Pacific Studies, v. 4. JF - Pacific affairs Y1 - 2013 SN - 0030-851X VL - 86 IS - 2 SP - 411 EP - 413 PB - University of British Columbia CY - Vancouver ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Salzer, Dorothea M. T1 - Reents, C., Melchior, C., Die Geschichte der Kinder- und Schulbibel, evangelisch, katholisch, jüdisch; v & R Unipress, Göttingen, 2011 BT - Die Geschichte der Kinder- und Schulbibel, evangelisch, katholisch, jüdisch Y1 - 2013 SN - 1614-6492 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haußig, Hans-Michael T1 - Ben-Yehuda, N., Theocratic democracy, the social construction of religious and secular extremism; Univ. Press, Oxford, 2010 BT - Theocratic democracy, the social construction of religious and secular extremism Y1 - 2013 SN - 1614-6492 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haußig, Hans-Michael T1 - Gelber, Y., Nation und history, Israeli histography between zionism and post-zionism; Mitchell, London, 2011 Y1 - 2013 SN - 1614-6492 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Omrani, H. A1 - Moazzen, Mohssen A1 - Oberhänsli, Roland A1 - Tsujimori, T. A1 - Bousquet, Romain A1 - Moayyed, M. T1 - Metamorphic history of glaucophane-paragonite-zoisite eclogites from the Shanderman area, northern Iran JF - Journal of metamorphic geology N2 - The Shanderman eclogites and related metamorphosed oceanic rocks mark the site of closure of the Palaeotethys ocean in northern Iran. The protolith of the eclogites was an oceanic tholeiitic basalt with MORB composition. Eclogite occurs within a serpentinite matrix, accompanied by mafic rocks resembling a dismembered ophiolite. The eclogitic mafic rocks record different stages of metamorphism during subduction and exhumation. Minerals formed during the prograde stages are preserved as inclusions in peak metamorphic garnet and omphacite. The rocks experienced blueschist facies metamorphism on their prograde path and were metamorphosed in eclogite facies at the peak of metamorphism. The peak metamorphic mineral paragenesis of the rocks is omphacite, garnet (pyrope-rich), glaucophane, paragonite, zoisite and rutile. Based on textural relations, post-peak stages can be divided into amphibolite and greenschist facies. Pressure and temperature estimates for eclogite facies minerals (peak of metamorphism) indicate 15-20kbar at similar to 600 degrees C. The pre-peak blueschist facies assemblage yields <11kbar and 400-460 degrees C. The average pressure and temperature of the post-peak amphibolite stage was 5-6kbar, similar to 470 degrees C. The Shanderman eclogites were formed by subduction of Palaeotethys oceanic crust to a depth of no more than 75km. Subduction was followed by collision between the Central Iran and Turan blocks, and then exhumation of the high pressure rocks in northern Iran. KW - eclogite KW - late Palaeozoic KW - North Iran KW - Palaeotethys KW - P-T path KW - Shanderman Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jmg.12045 SN - 0263-4929 VL - 31 IS - 8 SP - 791 EP - 812 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vicente, Luis T1 - Sluicing - Cross-linguistic perspectives JF - Language : journal of the Linguistic Society of America Y1 - 2013 SN - 0097-8507 SN - 1535-0665 VL - 89 IS - 3 SP - 653 EP - 655 PB - Linguistic Society of America CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grell, Petra T1 - Learning and teaching in adult education - contemporary theories JF - Adult education quarterly : a journal of research and theory Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0741713612474785 SN - 0741-7136 SN - 1552-3047 VL - 63 IS - 4 SP - 390 EP - 392 PB - Sage Publ. CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Doelling, Irene T1 - Gender Interferences. Forms of Knowledge - Ways of Subjectification - Materializations JF - FEMINISTISCHE STUDIEN Y1 - 2013 SN - 0723-5186 VL - 31 IS - 2 SP - 352 EP - 354 PB - LUCIUS LUCIUS VERLAG MBH CY - STUTTGART ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Aguzzi, Jacopo A1 - Costa, C. A1 - Ketmaier, V. A1 - Angelini, C. A1 - Antonucci, F. A1 - Menesatti, P. A1 - Company, J. B. T1 - Light-dependent genetic and phenotypic differences in the squat lobster Munida tenuimana (Crustacea: Decapoda) along deep continental margins JF - Progress in oceanography N2 - The levels of environmental light experienced by organisms during the behavioral activity phase deeply influence the performance of important ecological tasks. As a result, their shape and coloring may experience a light-driven selection process via the day-night rhythmic behavior. In this study, we tested the phenotypic and genetic variability of the western Mediterranean squat lobster (Munida tenuimana). We sampled at depths with different photic conditions and potentially, different burrow emergence rhythms. We performed day-night hauling at different depths, above and below the twilight zone end (i.e., 700 m, 1200 m, 1350 m, and 1500 m), to portray the occurrence of any burrow emergence rhythmicity. Collected animals were screened for shape and size (by geometric morphometry), spectrum and color variation (by photometric analysis), as well as for sequence variation at the mitochondria] DNA gene encoding for the NADH dehydrogenase subunit I. We found that a weak genetic structuring and shape homogeneity occurred together with significant variations in size, with the smaller individuals living at the twilight zone inferior limit and the larger individuals above and below. The infra-red wavelengths of spectral reflectance varied significantly with depth while the blue-green ones were size-dependent and expressed in smaller animals, which has a very small spectral reflectance. The effects of solar and bioluminescence lighting are discussed as depth-dependent evolutionary forces likely influencing the behavioral rhythms and coloring of M. tenuimana. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2013.07.011 SN - 0079-6611 VL - 118 IS - 4 SP - 199 EP - 209 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fischer, Stefanie T1 - Doron Rabinovici, Eichmann's Jews - the jewish administration of holocaust Vienna 1938-1945 JF - East European Jewish affairs Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13501674.2013.872438 SN - 1350-1674 SN - 1743-971X VL - 43 IS - 3 SP - 354 EP - 357 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Iobbi-Nivol, Chantal A1 - Leimkühler, Silke T1 - Molybdenum enzymes, their maturation and molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis in Escherichia coli JF - Biochimica et biophysica acta : Bioenergetics N2 - Molybdenum cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis is an ancient, ubiquitous, and highly conserved pathway leading to the biochemical activation of molybdenum. Moco is the essential component of a group of redox enzymes, which are diverse in terms of their phylogenetic distribution and their architectures, both at the overall level and in their catalytic geometry. A wide variety of transformations are catalyzed by these enzymes at carbon, sulfur and nitrogen atoms, which include the transfer of an oxo group or two electrons to or from the substrate. More than 50 molybdoenzymes were identified in bacteria to date. In molybdoenzymes Mo is coordinated to a dithiolene group on the 6-alkyl side chain of a pterin called molybdopterin (MPT). The biosynthesis of Moco can be divided into four general steps in bacteria: I) formation of the cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate, 2) formation of MPT, 3) insertion of molybdenum into molybdopterin to form Moco, and 4) additional modification of Moco with the attachment of GMP or CMP to the phosphate group of MPT, forming the dinucleotide variant of Moco. This review will focus on molybdoenzymes, the biosynthesis of Moco, and its incorporation into specific target proteins focusing on Escherichia coli. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Metals in Bioenergetics and Biomimetics Systems. KW - Molybdenum cofactor KW - Molybdenum KW - Dithiolene KW - Molybdopterin KW - Bis-MGD KW - Moco Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.11.007 SN - 0005-2728 VL - 1827 IS - 8-9 SP - 1086 EP - 1101 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krahe, Charlotte A1 - Springer, Anne A1 - Weinman, John A. A1 - Fotopoulou, Aikaterini T1 - The social modulation of pain - others as predictive signals of salience ; a systematic review JF - Frontiers in human neuroscienc N2 - Several studies in cognitive neuroscience have investigated the cognitive and affective modulation of pain. By contrast, fewer studies have focused on the social modulation of pain, despite a plethora of relevant clinical findings. Here we present the first review of experimental studies addressing how interpersonal factors, such as the presence, behavior, and spatial proximity of an observer, modulate pain. Based on a systematic literature search, we identified 26 studies on experimentally induced pain that manipulated different interpersonal variables and measured behavioral, physiological, and neural pain-related responses. We observed that the modulation of pain by interpersonal factors depended on (1) the degree to which the social partners were active or were perceived by the participants to possess possibility for action; (2) the degree to which participants could perceive the specific intentions of the social partners; (3) the type of pre-existing relationship between the social partner and the person in pain, and lastly, (4) individual differences in relating to others and coping styles. Based on these findings, we propose that the modulation of pain by social factors can be fruitfully understood in relation to a recent predictive coding model, the free energy framework, particularly as applied to interoception and social cognition. Specifically, we argue that interpersonal interactions during pain may function as social, predictive signals of contextual threat or safety and as such influence the salience of noxious stimuli. The perception of such interpersonal interactions may in turn depend on (a) prior beliefs about interpersonal relating and (b) the certainty or precision by which an interpersonal interaction may predict environmental threat or safety. KW - pain KW - social modulation KW - social support KW - empathy KW - predictive coding KW - attachment KW - review Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00386 SN - 1662-5161 VL - 7 IS - 29 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kumarasingham, Harshan T1 - Semi-presidentialism and democracy JF - Political studies review Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1478-9302.12016_10 SN - 1478-9299 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 263 EP - 264 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neilan, Brett A. A1 - Pearson, Leanne A. A1 - Münchhoff, Julia A1 - Moffitt, Michelle C. A1 - Dittmann-Thünemann, Elke T1 - Environmental conditions that influence toxin biosynthesis in cyanobacteria JF - Environmental microbiology N2 - Over the past 15 years, the genetic basis for production of many cyanobacterial bioactive compounds has been described. This knowledge has enabled investigations into the environmental factors that regulate the production of these toxins at the molecular level. Such molecular or systems level studies are also likely to reveal the physiological role of the toxin and contribute to effective water resource management. This review focuses on the environmental regulation of some of the most relevant cyanotoxins, namely the microcystins, nodularin, cylindrospermopsin, saxitoxins, anatoxins and jamaicamides. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02729.x SN - 1462-2912 VL - 15 IS - 5 SP - 1239 EP - 1253 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geiss, Robin T1 - Targeted killings law and morality in an asymmetrical world JF - European journal of international law Y1 - 2013 SN - 0938-5428 SN - 1464-3596 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 722 EP - 729 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geiss, Robin T1 - Targeted Killings and International Law JF - European journal of international law Y1 - 2013 SN - 0938-5428 SN - 1464-3596 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 722 EP - 729 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geiss, Robin T1 - The law of targeting JF - European journal of international law Y1 - 2013 SN - 0938-5428 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 722 EP - 729 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dittmann-Thünemann, Elke A1 - Fewer, David P. A1 - Neilan, Brett A. T1 - Cyanobacterial toxins biosynthetic routes and evolutionary roots JF - FEMS microbiology reviews N2 - Cyanobacteria produce an unparalleled variety of toxins that can cause severe health problems or even death in humans, and wild or domestic animals. In the last decade, biosynthetic pathways have been assigned to the majority of the known toxin families. This review summarizes current knowledge about the enzymatic basis for the production of the hepatotoxins microcystin and nodularin, the cytotoxin cylindrospermopsin, the neurotoxins anatoxin and saxitoxin, and the dermatotoxin lyngbyatoxin. Elucidation of the biosynthetic pathways of the toxins has paved the way for the development of molecular techniques for the detection and quantification of the producing cyanobacteria in different environments. Phylogenetic analyses of related clusters from a large number of strains has also allowed for the reconstruction of the evolutionary scenarios that have led to the emergence, diversification, and loss of such gene clusters in different strains and genera of cyanobacteria. Advances in the understanding of toxin biosynthesis and evolution have provided new methods for drinking-water quality control and may inspire the development of techniques for the management of bloom formation in the future. KW - microcystin KW - cylindrospermopsin KW - anatoxin KW - saxitoxin KW - cyanobacteria Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2012.12000.x SN - 0168-6445 SN - 1574-6976 VL - 37 IS - 1 SP - 23 EP - 43 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arnison, Paul G. A1 - Bibb, Mervyn J. A1 - Bierbaum, Gabriele A1 - Bowers, Albert A. A1 - Bugni, Tim S. A1 - Bulaj, Grzegorz A1 - Camarero, Julio A. A1 - Campopiano, Dominic J. A1 - Challis, Gregory L. A1 - Clardy, Jon A1 - Cotter, Paul D. A1 - Craik, David J. A1 - Dawson, Michael A1 - Dittmann-Thünemann, Elke A1 - Donadio, Stefano A1 - Dorrestein, Pieter C. A1 - Entian, Karl-Dieter A1 - Fischbach, Michael A. A1 - Garavelli, John S. A1 - Goeransson, Ulf A1 - Gruber, Christian W. A1 - Haft, Daniel H. A1 - Hemscheidt, Thomas K. A1 - Hertweck, Christian A1 - Hill, Colin A1 - Horswill, Alexander R. A1 - Jaspars, Marcel A1 - Kelly, Wendy L. A1 - Klinman, Judith P. A1 - Kuipers, Oscar P. A1 - Link, A. James A1 - Liu, Wen A1 - Marahiel, Mohamed A. A1 - Mitchell, Douglas A. A1 - Moll, Gert N. A1 - Moore, Bradley S. A1 - Mueller, Rolf A1 - Nair, Satish K. A1 - Nes, Ingolf F. A1 - Norris, Gillian E. A1 - Olivera, Baldomero M. A1 - Onaka, Hiroyasu A1 - Patchett, Mark L. A1 - Piel, Jörn A1 - Reaney, Martin J. T. A1 - Rebuffat, Sylvie A1 - Ross, R. Paul A1 - Sahl, Hans-Georg A1 - Schmidt, Eric W. A1 - Selsted, Michael E. A1 - Severinov, Konstantin A1 - Shen, Ben A1 - Sivonen, Kaarina A1 - Smith, Leif A1 - Stein, Torsten A1 - Suessmuth, Roderich D. A1 - Tagg, John R. A1 - Tang, Gong-Li A1 - Truman, Andrew W. A1 - Vederas, John C. A1 - Walsh, Christopher T. A1 - Walton, Jonathan D. A1 - Wenzel, Silke C. A1 - Willey, Joanne M. A1 - van der Donk, Wilfred A. T1 - Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide natural products overview and recommendations for a universal nomenclature JF - Natural product reports : a journal of current developments in bio-organic chemistry N2 - This review presents recommended nomenclature for the biosynthesis of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs), a rapidly growing class of natural products. The current knowledge regarding the biosynthesis of the >20 distinct compound classes is also reviewed, and commonalities are discussed. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c2np20085f SN - 0265-0568 VL - 30 IS - 1 SP - 108 EP - 160 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Daviter, Falk T1 - Framing Europe the policy shaping strategies of the European commission JF - Public administration Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2012.02110.x SN - 0033-3298 VL - 91 IS - 1 SP - 245 EP - 247 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffmann, Michael T1 - Földes, Csaba (Hrsg.): Phraseologie disziplinär und interdisziplinär / rezensiert von Michael Hoffmann JF - Zeitschrift für angewandte Linguistik : ZfAL N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Földes, Csaba (Hrsg.): Phraseologie disziplinär und interdisziplinär / Tübingen: Gunter Narr, 2009. - XVI, 766 S. - ISBN 978-3-8233-6534-1 Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zfal-2013-0009 SN - 1433-9889 SN - 2190-0191 VL - 58 IS - 1 SP - 243 EP - 251 PB - de Gruyter Mouton CY - Berlin, New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hartmann, Eddie T1 - Social order and violence. - commenting on recent literature on research of violence JF - Berliner Journal für Soziologie = Journal de sociologie de Berlin Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11609-013-0211-x SN - 0863-1808 SN - 1862-2593 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 115 EP - 131 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wagner, Nicole D. A1 - Hillebrand, Helmut A1 - Wacker, Alexander A1 - Frost, Paul C. T1 - Nutritional indicators and their uses in ecology JF - Ecology letters N2 - The nutrition of animal consumers is an important regulator of ecological processes due to its effects on their physiology, life-history and behaviour. Understanding the ecological effects of poor nutrition depends on correctly diagnosing the nature and strength of nutritional limitation. Despite the need to assess nutritional limitation, current approaches to delineating nutritional constraints can be non-specific and imprecise. Here, we consider the need and potential to develop new complementary approaches to the study of nutritional constraints on animal consumers by studying and using a suite of established and emerging biochemical and molecular responses. These nutritional indicators include gene expression, transcript regulators, protein profiling and activity, and gross biochemical and elemental composition. The potential applications of nutritional indicators to ecological studies are highlighted to demonstrate the value that this approach would have to future studies in community and ecosystem ecology. KW - Ecological stoichiometry KW - lipid profiling KW - metabolism KW - nutrient-stress KW - nutrition KW - proteomics KW - transcriptomics Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12067 SN - 1461-023X VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 535 EP - 544 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mechie, James A1 - Ben-Avraham, Zvi A1 - Weber, Michael H. A1 - Götze, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Koulakov, Ivan A1 - Mohsen, A. A1 - Stiller, M. T1 - The distribution of Moho depths beneath the Arabian plate and margins JF - TECTONOPHYSICS N2 - In this study three new maps of Moho depths beneath the Arabian plate and margins are presented. The first map is based on the combined gravity model, EIGEN 06C, which includes data from satellite missions and ground-based studies, and thus covers the whole region between 31 degrees E and 60 inverted perpendicular E and between 12 degrees N and 36 degrees N. The second map is based on seismological and ground-based gravity data while the third map is based only on seismological data. Both these maps show gaps due to lack of data coverage especially in the interior of the Arabian plate. Beneath the interior of the Arabian plate the Moho lies between 32 and 45 km depth below sea level. There is a tendency for higher Pn and Sn velocities beneath the northeastern parts of the plate interior with respect to the southwestern parts of the plate interior. Across the northern, destructive margin with the Eurasian plate, the Moho depths increase to over 50 km beneath the Zagros mountains. Across the conservative western margin, the Dead Sea Transform (DST). Moho depths decrease from almost 40 km beneath the highlands east of the DST to about 21-23 km under the southeastern Mediterranean Sea. This decrease seems to be modulated by a slight depression in the Moho beneath the southern DST. The constructive southwestern and southeastern margins of the Arabian plate also show the Moho shallowing from the plate interior towards the plate boundaries. A comparison of the abruptness of the Moho shallowing between the margins of the Arabian plate, the conjugate African margin at 26 degrees N and several Atlantic margins shows a complex picture and suggests that the abruptness of the Moho shallowing may reflect fundamental differences in the original structure of the margins. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Moho depths KW - Arabian plate KW - Red Sea KW - Velocity models KW - Receiver functions KW - Satellite gravity data Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2012.11.015 SN - 0040-1951 SN - 1879-3266 VL - 609 SP - 234 EP - 249 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV CY - AMSTERDAM ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ast, Sandra A1 - Fischer, Tobias A1 - Müller, Holger A1 - Mickler, Wulfhard A1 - Schwichtenberg, Mathias A1 - Rurack, Knut A1 - Holdt, Hans-Jürgen T1 - Integration of the 1,2,3-Triazole "Click" Motif as a potent signalling element in metal ion responsive fluorescent probes JF - Chemistry - a European journal N2 - In a systematic approach we synthesized a new series of fluorescent probes incorporating donoracceptor (D-A) substituted 1,2,3-triazoles as conjugative -linkers between the alkali metal ion receptor N-phenylaza-[18]crown-6 and different fluorophoric groups with different electron-acceptor properties (4-naphthalimide, meso-phenyl-BODIPY and 9-anthracene) and investigated their performance in organic and aqueous environments (physiological conditions). In the charge-transfer (CT) type probes 1, 2 and 7, the fluorescence is almost completely quenched by intramolecular CT (ICT) processes involving charge-separated states. In the presence of Na+ and K+ ICT is interrupted, which resulted in a lighting-up of the fluorescence in acetonitrile. Among the investigated fluoroionophores, compound 7, which contains a 9-anthracenyl moiety as the electron-accepting fluorophore, is the only probe which retains light-up features in water and works as a highly K+/Na+-selective probe under simulated physiological conditions. Virtually decoupled BODIPY-based 6 and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) type probes 35, where the 10-substituted anthracen-9-yl fluorophores are connected to the 1,2,3-triazole through a methylene spacer, show strong ion-induced fluorescence enhancement in acetonitrile, but not under physiological conditions. Electrochemical studies and theoretical calculations were used to assess and support the underlying mechanisms for the new ICT and PET 1,2,3-triazole fluoroionophores. KW - charge transfer KW - click chemistry KW - electron transfer KW - fluorescent probes KW - metal ions Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201201575 SN - 0947-6539 VL - 19 IS - 9 SP - 2990 EP - 3005 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weiß, Norman T1 - Stefanie Schmahl, Kinderrechtskonvention mit Zusatzprotokollen – Handkommentar [rezensiert von] Norman Weiß JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Rezensiertes Werk Stefanie Schmahl, Kinderrechtskonvention mit Zusatzprotokollen – Handkommentar, Nomos, 2013, 386 Seiten, ISBN 978-3-8329-7650-7 Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70291 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 124 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schniederjahn, Nina T1 - Vermeulen, M. L., Enforced Disappearance : Determining State Responsibility under the ICRPD / [rezensiert von] Nina Schniederjahn JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Vermeulen, M. L.: Enforced Disappearance : Determining State Responsibility under the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance. - Intersentia, 2012. - 543 S. - ISBN 978-1-78068-065-1 Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66368 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 69 EP - 71 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weiß, Norman T1 - Arnd Pollmann/Georg Lohmann (Hrsg.), Menschenrechte. Ein interdisziplinäres Handbuch / [rezensiert von] Norman Weiß JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Rezensiertes Werk Arnd Pollmann/Georg Lohmann (Hrsg.), Menschenrechte. Ein interdisziplinäres Handbuch, Verlag J. B. Metzler, 2012, 466 Seiten, ISBN 978-3-476-02271-4 Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70266 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 122 EP - 123 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beuer, Martin T1 - Mellech, K., Die Rezeption der EMRK sowie der Urteile des EGMR in der französischen und deutschen Rechtsprechung / [rezensiert von] Martin Beuer JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Mellech, K.: Die Rezeption der EMRK sowie der Urteile des EGMR in der französischen und deutschen Rechtsprechung. - Mohr Siebeck, 2012. - 270 S. - ISBN 978-3-16-151999-4 Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66345 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 65 EP - 69 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Massoud, Sofia T1 - Koenen,T., Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte : Staatliche Schutzpflichten auf der Basis regionaler und internationaler Menschenrechtsverträge / [rezensiert von] Sofia Massoud JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66333 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 60 EP - 64 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hüfner, Klaus T1 - Wesel, R., Internationale Regime und Organisationen / [rezensiert von] Klaus Hüfner JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Wesel, R.: Internationale Regime und Organisationen. - UVK Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 2011. - 296 S. - ISBN 987-3-8252-8513-5 Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66372 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 71 EP - 72 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Petersen, Niels T1 - Ehm, F., Das völkerrechtliche Demokratiegebot / [rezensiert von] Niels Petersen JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Ehm, F.: Das völkerrechtliche Demokratiegebot. - Mohr Siebeck, 2013. - 359 S. - ISBN 978-3-16-152039-6 Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66321 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 59 EP - 60 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Becher, Matthias A. A1 - Osborne, Juliet L. A1 - Thorbek, Pernille A1 - Kennedy, Peter J. A1 - Grimm, Volker T1 - Towards a systems approach for understanding honeybee decline - a stocktaking and synthesis of existing models JF - Journal of applied ecology : an official journal of the British Ecological Society N2 - 1. The health of managed and wild honeybee colonies appears to have declined substantially in Europe and the United States over the last decade. Sustainability of honeybee colonies is important not only for honey production, but also for pollination of crops and wild plants alongside other insect pollinators. A combination of causal factors, including parasites, pathogens, land use changes and pesticide usage, are cited as responsible for the increased colony mortality. 2. However, despite detailed knowledge of the behaviour of honeybees and their colonies, there are no suitable tools to explore the resilience mechanisms of this complex system under stress. Empirically testing all combinations of stressors in a systematic fashion is not feasible. We therefore suggest a cross-level systems approach, based on mechanistic modelling, to investigate the impacts of (and interactions between) colony and land management. 3. We review existing honeybee models that are relevant to examining the effects of different stressors on colony growth and survival. Most of these models describe honeybee colony dynamics, foraging behaviour or honeybee - varroa mite - virus interactions. 4. We found that many, but not all, processes within honeybee colonies, epidemiology and foraging are well understood and described in the models, but there is no model that couples in-hive dynamics and pathology with foraging dynamics in realistic landscapes. 5. Synthesis and applications. We describe how a new integrated model could be built to simulate multifactorial impacts on the honeybee colony system, using building blocks from the reviewed models. The development of such a tool would not only highlight empirical research priorities but also provide an important forecasting tool for policy makers and beekeepers, and we list examples of relevant applications to bee disease and landscape management decisions. KW - Apis mellifera KW - colony decline KW - feedbacks KW - integrated model KW - multiple stressors KW - predictive systems ecology KW - review Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12112 SN - 0021-8901 VL - 50 IS - 4 SP - 868 EP - 880 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Denz, Rebekka T1 - Schweigmann-Greve, K., Chaim Zhitlowsky, Philosoph, Sozialrevolutionär und Theoretier einer säkularen nationaljüdischen Identität; Werhahn, Hannover, 2012 BT - Cham Zhitlowsky, Philosoph, Sozialrevolutionär und Theoretier einer säkularen nationaljüdischen Identität Y1 - 2013 SN - 1614-6492 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Denz, Rebekka T1 - Kay Schweigmann-Greve: Chaim Zhitlowsky. Philosoph, Sozialrevolutionär und Theoretiker einer säkularen nationaljüdischen Identität / [rezensiert von] Rebekka Denz JF - PaRDeS : Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für Jüdische Studien e.V. N2 - Rezensiertes Werk: Schweigmann, Greve: Chaim Zhitlowsky. Philosoph, Sozialrevolutionär und Theoretiker einer säkulären nationaljüdischen Identität. - Hannover: Wehrhahn Verlag 2012. 472 S., 27 Abb. Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-67216 SN - 1614-6492 SN - 1862-7684 IS - 19 SP - 250 EP - 253 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bleek, Katrin A1 - Taubert, Andreas T1 - New developments in polymer-controlled, bioinspired calcium phosphate mineralization from aqueous solution JF - Acta biomaterialia N2 - The polymer-controlled and bioinspired precipitation of inorganic minerals from aqueous solution at near-ambient or physiological conditions avoiding high temperatures or organic solvents is a key research area in materials science. Polymer-controlled mineralization has been studied as a model for biomineralization and for the synthesis of (bioinspired and biocompatible) hybrid materials for a virtually unlimited number of applications. Calcium phosphate mineralization is of particular interest for bone and dental repair. Numerous studies have therefore addressed the mineralization of calcium phosphate using a wide variety of low- and high-molecular-weight additives. In spite of the growing interest and increasing number of experimental and theoretical data, the mechanisms of polymer-controlled calcium phosphate mineralization are not entirely clear to date, although the field has made significant progress in the last years. A set of elegant experiments and calculations has shed light on some details of mineral formation, but it is currently not possible to preprogram a mineralization reaction to yield a desired product for a specific application. The current article therefore summarizes and discusses the influence of (macro)molecular entities such as polymers, peptides, proteins and gels on biomimetic calcium phosphate mineralization from aqueous solution. It focuses on strategies to tune the kinetics, morphologies, final dimensions and crystal phases of calcium phosphate, as well as on mechanistic considerations. KW - Calcium phosphate KW - Biomimetics KW - Mineralization KW - Polymers KW - Bioinspired Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2012.12.027 SN - 1742-7061 SN - 1878-7568 VL - 9 IS - 5 SP - 6283 EP - 6321 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Granacher, Urs A1 - Gollhofer, Albert A1 - Hortobagyi, Tibor A1 - Kressig, Reto W. A1 - Mühlbauer, Thomas T1 - The importance of trunk muscle strength for balance, functional performance, and fall prevention in seniors a systematic review JF - Sports medicine N2 - Background The aging process results in a number of functional (e.g., deficits in balance and strength/power performance), neural (e.g., loss of sensory/motor neurons), muscular (e.g., atrophy of type-II muscle fibers in particular), and bone-related (e.g., osteoporosis) deteriorations. Traditionally, balance and/or lower extremity resistance training were used to mitigate these age-related deficits. However, the effects of resistance training are limited and poorly translate into improvements in balance, functional tasks, activities of daily living, and fall rates. Thus, it is necessary to develop and design new intervention programs that are specifically tailored to counteract age-related weaknesses. Recent studies indicate that measures of trunk muscle strength (TMS) are associated with variables of static/dynamic balance, functional performance, and falls (i.e., occurrence, fear, rate, and/or risk of falls). Further, there is preliminary evidence in the literature that core strength training (CST) and Pilates exercise training (PET) have a positive influence on measures of strength, balance, functional performance, and falls in older adults. Objective The objectives of this systematic literature review are: (a) to report potential associations between TMS/trunk muscle composition and balance, functional performance, and falls in old adults, and (b) to describe and discuss the effects of CST/PET on measures of TMS, balance, functional performance, and falls in seniors. Data Sources A systematic approach was employed to capture all articles related to TMS/trunk muscle composition, balance, functional performance, and falls in seniors that were identified using the electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science (1972 to February 2013). Study Selection A systematic approach was used to evaluate the 582 articles identified for initial review. Cross-sectional (i.e., relationship) or longitudinal (i.e., intervention) studies were included if they investigated TMS and an outcome-related measure of balance, functional performance, and/or falls. In total, 20 studies met the inclusionary criteria for review. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods Longitudinal studies were evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Effect sizes (ES) were calculated whenever possible. For ease of discussion, the 20 articles were separated into three groups [i.e., cross-sectional (n = 6), CST (n = 9), PET (n = 5)]. Results The cross-sectional studies reported small-to-medium correlations between TMS/trunk muscle composition and balance, functional performance, and falls in older adults. Further, CST and/or PET proved to be feasible exercise programs for seniors with high-adherence rates. Age-related deficits in measures of TMS, balance, functional performance, and falls can be mitigated by CST (mean strength gain = 30 %, mean effect size = 0.99; mean balance/functional performance gain = 23 %, mean ES = 0.88) and by PET (mean strength gain = 12 %, mean ES = 0.52; mean balance/functional performance gain = 18 %, mean ES = 0.71). Limitations Given that the mean PEDro quality score did not reach the predetermined cut-off of >= 6 for the intervention studies, there is a need for more high-quality studies to explicitly identify the relevance of CST and PET to the elderly population. Conclusions Core strength training and/or PET can be used as an adjunct or even alternative to traditional balance and/or resistance training programs for old adults. Further, CST and PET are easy to administer in a group setting or in individual fall preventive or rehabilitative intervention programs because little equipment and space is needed to perform such exercises. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0041-1 SN - 0112-1642 VL - 43 IS - 7 SP - 627 EP - 641 PB - Springer CY - Auckland ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beijersbergen, Chantal M. I. A1 - Granacher, Urs A1 - Vandervoort, A. A. A1 - DeVita, P. A1 - Hortobagyi, Tibor T1 - The biomechanical mechanism of how strength and power training improves walking speed in old adults remains unknown JF - Ageing research reviews : ARR N2 - Maintaining and increasing walking speed in old age is clinically important because this activity of daily living predicts functional and clinical state. We reviewed evidence for the biomechanical mechanisms of how strength and power training increase gait speed in old adults. A systematic search yielded only four studies that reported changes in selected gait biomechanical variables after an intervention. A secondary analysis of 20 studies revealed an association of r(2) = 0.21 between the 22% and 12% increase, respectively, in quadriceps strength and gait velocity in 815 individuals age 72. In 6 studies, there was a correlation of r(2) = 0.16 between the 19% and 9% gains in plantarflexion strength and gait speed in 240 old volunteers age 75. In 8 studies, there was zero association between the 35% and 13% gains in leg mechanical power and gait speed in 150 old adults age 73. To increase the efficacy of intervention studies designed to improve gait speed and other critical mobility functions in old adults, there is a need for a paradigm shift from conventional (clinical) outcome assessments to more sophisticated biomechanical analyses that examine joint kinematics, kinetics, energetics, muscle-tendon function, and musculoskeletal modeling before and after interventions. KW - Aging KW - Strength training KW - Power training KW - Gait biomechanics Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2013.03.001 SN - 1568-1637 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 618 EP - 627 PB - Elsevier CY - Clare ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Ziyin A1 - Baldermann, Susanne A1 - Watanabe, Naoharu T1 - Recent studies of the volatile compounds in tea JF - FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL N2 - Tea aroma is one of the most important factors affecting the character and quality of tea. Recent advances in methods and instruments for separating and identifying volatile compounds have led to intensive investigations of volatile compounds in tea. These studies have resulted in a number of insightful and useful discoveries. Here we summarize the recent investigations into tea volatile compounds: the volatile compounds in tea products; the metabolic pathways of volatile formation in tea plants and the glycosidically-bound volatile compounds in tea; and the techniques used for studying such compounds. Finally, we discuss practical applications for the improvement of aroma and flavor quality in teas. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Biosynthesis KW - Precursor KW - Stress KW - Tea KW - Volatile Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2013.02.011 SN - 0963-9969 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 585 EP - 599 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV CY - AMSTERDAM ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pourteau, Amaury A1 - Sudo, Masafumi A1 - Candan, Osman A1 - Lanari, P. A1 - Vidal, O. A1 - Oberhänsli, Roland T1 - Neotethys closure history of Anatolia - insights from Ar-40-Ar-39 geochronology and P-T estimation in high-pressure metasedimentary rocks JF - Journal of metamorphic geology N2 - The multiple high-pressure (HP), low-temperature (LT) metamorphic units of Western and Central Anatolia offer a great opportunity to investigate the subduction-and continental accretion-related evolution of the eastern limb of the long-lived Aegean subduction system. Recent reports of the HP-LT index mineral Fe-Mg-carpholite in three metasedimentary units of the Gondwana-derived Anatolide-Tauride continental block (namely the Afyon Zone, the Oren Unit and the southern Menderes Massif) suggest a more complicated scenario than the single-continental accretion model generally put forward in previous studies. This study presents the first isotopic dates (white mica Ar-40-Ar-39 geochronology), and where possible are combined with P-T estimates (chlorite thermometry, phengite barometry, multi-equilibrium thermobarometry), on carpholite-bearing rocks from these three HP-LT metasedimentary units. It is shown that, in the Afyon Zone, carpholite-bearing assemblages were retrogressed through greenschist-facies conditions at c. 67-62 Ma. Early retrograde stages in the Oren Unit are dated to 63-59 Ma. In the Kurudere-Nebiler Unit (HP Mesozoic cover of the southern Menderes Massif), HP retrograde stages are dated to c. 45 Ma, and post-collisional cooling to c. 26 Ma. These new results support that the Oren Unit represents the westernmost continuation of the Afyon Zone, whereas the Kurudere-Nebiler Unit correlates with the Cycladic Blueschist Unit of the Aegean Domain. In Western Anatolia, three successive HP-LT metamorphic belts thus formed: the northernmost Tavsanli Zone (c. 88-82 Ma), the Oren-Afyon Zone (between 70 and 65 Ma), and the Kurudere-Nebiler Unit (c. 52-45 Ma). The southward younging trend of the HP-LT metamorphism from the upper and internal to the deeper and more external structural units, as in the Aegean Domain, points to the persistence of subduction in Western Anatolia between 93-90 and c. 35 Ma. After the accretion of the Menderes-Tauride terrane, in Eocene times, subduction stopped, leading to continental collision and associated Barrovian-type metamorphism. Because, by contrast, the Aegean subduction did remain active due to slab roll-back and trench migration, the eastern limb (below Southwestern Anatolia) of the Hellenic slab was dramatically curved and consequently teared. It therefore is suggested that the possibility for subduction to continue after the accretion of buoyant (e.g. continental) terranes probably depends much on palaeogeography. KW - Ar-40-Ar-39 geochronology KW - Anatolia KW - chlorite-phengite thermobarometry KW - high-pressure metasedimentary rocks Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jmg.12034 SN - 0263-4929 SN - 1525-1314 VL - 31 IS - 6 SP - 585 EP - 606 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vasishth, Shravan A1 - von der Malsburg, Titus Raban A1 - Engelmann, Felix T1 - What eye movements can tell us about sentence comprehension JF - Wiley interdisciplinary reviews : Cognitive Science N2 - Eye movement data have proven to be very useful for investigating human sentence processing. Eyetracking research has addressed a wide range of questions, such as recovery mechanisms following garden-pathing, the timing of processes driving comprehension, the role of anticipation and expectation in parsing, the role of semantic, pragmatic, and prosodic information, and so on. However, there are some limitations regarding the inferences that can be made on the basis of eye movements. One relates to the nontrivial interaction between parsing and the eye movement control system which complicates the interpretation of eye movement data. Detailed computational models that integrate parsing with eye movement control theories have the potential to unpack the complexity of eye movement data and can therefore aid in the interpretation of eye movements. Another limitation is the difficulty of capturing spatiotemporal patterns in eye movements using the traditional word-based eyetracking measures. Recent research has demonstrated the relevance of these patterns and has shown how they can be analyzed. In this review, we focus on reading, and present examples demonstrating how eye movement data reveal what events unfold when the parser runs into difficulty, and how the parsing system interacts with eye movement control. WIREs Cogn Sci 2013, 4:125134. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1209 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1209 SN - 1939-5078 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 125 EP - 134 PB - Wiley CY - San Fransisco ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bertilsson, Stefan A1 - Burgin, Amy A1 - Carey, Cayelan C. A1 - Fey, Samuel B. A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter A1 - Grubisic, Lorena M. A1 - Jones, Ian D. A1 - Kirillin, Georgiy A1 - Lennon, Jay T. A1 - Shade, Ashley A1 - Smyth, Robyn L. T1 - The under-ice microbiome of seasonally frozen lakes JF - Limnology and oceanography N2 - Compared to the well-studied open water of the "growing" season, under-ice conditions in lakes are characterized by low and rather constant temperature, slow water movements, limited light availability, and reduced exchange with the surrounding landscape. These conditions interact with ice-cover duration to shape microbial processes in temperate lakes and ultimately influence the phenology of community and ecosystem processes. We review the current knowledge on microorganisms in seasonally frozen lakes. Specifically, we highlight how under-ice conditions alter lake physics and the ways that this can affect the distribution and metabolism of auto-and heterotrophic microorganisms. We identify functional traits that we hypothesize are important for understanding under-ice dynamics and discuss how these traits influence species interactions. As ice coverage duration has already been seen to reduce as air temperatures have warmed, the dynamics of the under-ice microbiome are important for understanding and predicting the dynamics and functioning of seasonally frozen lakes in the near future. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2013.58.6.1998 SN - 0024-3590 SN - 1939-5590 VL - 58 IS - 6 SP - 1998 EP - 2012 PB - Wiley CY - Waco ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sengupta, Saswati A1 - Chattopadhyay, Madhab K. A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter T1 - The multifaceted roles of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in nature JF - Frontiers in microbiology N2 - Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic agents, which have been a very powerful tool in the clinical management of bacterial diseases since the 1940s. However, benefits offered by these magic bullets have been substantially lost in subsequent days following the widespread emergence and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant strains. While it is obvious that excessive and imprudent use of antibiotics significantly contributes to the emergence of resistant strains, antibiotic resistance is also observed in natural bacteria of remote places unlikely to be impacted by human intervention. Both antibiotic biosynthetic genes and resistance-conferring genes have been known to evolve billions of years ago, long before clinical use of antibiotics. Hence it appears that antibiotics and antibiotics resistance determinants have some other roles in nature, which often elude our attention because of overemphasis on the therapeutic importance of antibiotics and the crisis imposed by the antibiotic resistance in pathogens. In the natural milieu, antibiotics are often found to be present in sub-inhibitory concentrations acting as signaling molecules supporting the process of quorum sensing and biofilm formation. They also play an important role in the production of virulence factors and influence host-parasite interactions (e.g., phagocytosis, adherence to the target cell, and so on). The evolutionary and ecological aspects of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in the naturally occurring microbial community are little understood. Therefore, the actual role of antibiotics in nature warrants in-depth investigations. Studies on such an intriguing behavior of the microorganisms promise insight into the intricacies of the microbial physiology and are likely to provide some lead in controlling the emergence and subsequent dissemination of antibiotic resistance. This article highlights some of the recent findings on the role of antibiotics and the genes that confer resistance to antibiotics in nature. KW - antibiotics KW - sub-inhibitory concentration KW - quorum sensing KW - virulence KW - stress response KW - antibiotic resistance KW - antibiotic paradox Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00047 SN - 1664-302X VL - 4 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER -