TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sellem, Laury
A1  - Antoni, Rona
A1  - Koutsos, Athanasios
A1  - Ozen, Ezgi
A1  - Wong, Gloria
A1  - Ayyad, Hasnaa
A1  - Weech, Michelle
A1  - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1  - Wernitz, Andreas
A1  - Fielding, Barbara A.
A1  - Robertson, M. Denise
A1  - Jackson, Kim G.
A1  - Griffin, Bruce A.
A1  - Lovegrove, Julie A.
T1  - Impact of a food-based dietary fat exchange model for replacing dietary saturated with unsaturated fatty acids in healthy men on plasma phospholipids fatty acid profiles and dietary patterns
JF  - European journal of nutrition
N2  - Purpose UK guidelines recommend dietary saturated fatty acids (SFAs) should not exceed 10% total energy (%TE) for cardiovascular disease prevention, with benefits observed when SFAs are replaced with unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a dietary exchange model using commercially available foods to replace SFAs with UFAs. Methods Healthy men (n = 109, age 48, SD 11 year) recruited to the Reading, Imperial, Surrey, Saturated fat Cholesterol Intervention-1 (RISSCI-1) study (ClinicalTrials.Gov n degrees NCT03270527) followed two sequential 4-week isoenergetic moderate-fat (34%TE) diets: high-SFA (18%TE SFAs, 16%TE UFAs) and low-SFA (10%TE SFAs, 24%TE UFAs). Dietary intakes were assessed using 4-day weighed diet diaries. Nutrient intakes were analysed using paired t-tests, fasting plasma phospholipid fatty acid (PL-FA) profiles and dietary patterns were analysed using orthogonal partial least square discriminant analyses. Results Participants exchanged 10.2%TE (SD 4.1) SFAs for 9.7%TE (SD 3.9) UFAs between the high and low-SFA diets, reaching target intakes with minimal effect on other nutrients or energy intakes. Analyses of dietary patterns confirmed successful incorporation of recommended foods from commercially available sources (e.g. dairy products, snacks, oils, and fats), without affecting participants' overall dietary intakes. Analyses of plasma PL-FAs indicated good compliance to the dietary intervention and foods of varying SFA content. Conclusions RISSCI-1 dietary exchange model successfully replaced dietary SFAs with UFAs in free-living healthy men using commercially available foods, and without altering their dietary patterns. Further intervention studies are required to confirm utility and feasibility of such food-based dietary fat replacement models at a population level.
KW  - Dietary fat composition
KW  - Food-exchange model
KW  - Dietary compliance
KW  - Dairy biomarkers
KW  - Dietary fat replacement
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-02910-2
SN  - 1436-6207
SN  - 1436-6215
VL  - 61
IS  - 7
SP  - 3669
EP  - 3684
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  -