TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Weiß, Norman T1 - International Law in Times of Anti-Globalism and Populism - Challenges Ahead BT - Comment on Jan Wouters Y1 - 2019 SP - 265 EP - 273 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Thienel, Tobias T1 - Yugoslavia, cases and proceedings before the ICJ Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-0-19-929168-7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Sener, Meltem T1 - Chemical weapons and the international criminal court JF - American journal of international law Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.108.3.0436 SN - 0002-9300 SN - 2161-7953 VL - 108 IS - 3 SP - 436 EP - 448 PB - American Society of International Law CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Sener, Meltem T1 - Chemical Weapons and the International Criminal Court JF - American Journal of International Law KW - Aggression KW - Statute Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.108.3.0436 SN - 0002-9300 SN - 2161-7953 VL - 108 IS - 3 SP - 436 EP - 448 PB - ASIL CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Schabedoth, John Alexander T1 - Domestic and international criminal justice BT - challenges ahead JF - KFG working paper series N2 - This paper consists of two parts: In the first part, some of the challenges with which the Internationaal Criminal Court is currently confronted are being presented. First of all, the article will describe the current state of the International Criminal Court and the Rome Statue. Afterwards, the article analyses the Court’s efforts to deal with cases against third-country nationals and the challenges it is facing in that regard. In addition, the Court’s case law will be analyzed in order to determine an increasing ‘emancipation’ of the case law of the International Criminal Court from international humanitarian law. The second part of the paper will briefly discuss the role of domestic international criminal law and domestic courts in the further development and enforcement of international criminal law. As an example of the role that domestic courts may have in clarifying classic issues in international law, the judgment of the German Supreme Court of January 28, 2021 (3 StR 564/19), which deals with the status of costumary international law on functional immunity of State officials before domestic courts, shall be assessed. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4087189 SN - 2509-3762 SN - 2509-3770 IS - 57 PB - Berlin Potsdam Research Group International Law - Rise or Decline? CY - Berlin ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Oellers-Frahm, Karin A1 - Tomuschat, Christian A1 - Tams, Christian J. T1 - The statute of the international court of justice : a commentary Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-0-19-969299-6 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ET - 2. ed. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Ney, Martin T1 - Cyber-Security beyond the military perspective: International Law 'cyber space' and the concept of due diligence. JF - German Yearbook of International Law Y1 - 2015 VL - 58 SP - 51 EP - 66 PB - Duncker & Humblot CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Jauer, Nora T1 - Legal shades of grey? BT - indirect legal effects of 'Memoranda of Understanding' JF - Archiv des Völkerrechts N2 - As part of the current process of de-formalization in international law, States increasingly chose informal, non-legally binding agreements or 'Memoranda of Understanding' ('MOUs') to organize their international affairs. The increasing conclusion of such legally non-binding instruments in addition to their flexibility, however, also leads to uncertainties in international relations. Against this background, this article deals with possible indirect legal consequences produced by MOUs. It discusses the different legal mechanisms and avenues that may give rise to such secondary legal effects of MOUs through a process of interaction with, and interpretation in line with, other (formal) sources of international law. The article further considers various strategies how to avoid such eventual possible unintended or unexpected indirect legal effects of MOUs when drafting such instruments and when dealing with them subsequent to their respective 'adoption'. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1628/avr-2021-0016 SN - 0003-892X SN - 1868-7121 VL - 59 IS - 3 SP - 278 EP - 299 PB - Mohr Siebeck CY - Tübingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Jauer, Nora T1 - Possible indirect legal effects under international law of non-legally binding instruments JF - KFG working paper series N2 - As part of the current overall process of de-formalization in international law States increasingly chose informal, non-legally binding agreements or ‘Memoranda of Understanding’ (‘MOUs') to organize their international affairs. The increasing conclusion of such legally non-binding instruments in addition to their flexibility, however, also leads to uncertainties in international relations. Against this background, this article deals with possible indirect legal consequences produced by MOUs. It discusses the different legal mechanisms and avenues that may give rise to secondary legal effects of MOUs through a process of interaction with and interpretation in line with other (formal) sources of international law. The article further considers various strategies how to avoid such eventual possible unintended or unexpected indirect legal effects of MOUs when drafting such instruments and when dealing with them subsequent to their respective ‘adoption’. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3840767 SN - 2509-3770 SN - 2509-3762 VL - 48 PB - Berlin Potsdam Research Group International Law - Rise or Decline? CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Geiß, Robin T1 - The International Committee of the Red Cross: A Unique Actor in the Field of International Humanitarian Law Creation and Progressive Development BT - the Red Cross and the development of international humanitarian law T2 - Humanizing the Laws of War Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-1-107-17135-0 SN - 978-1-3167-5996-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316759967.009 SP - 215 EP - 255 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Geiß, Robin T1 - Article 8, VI, Article 8 para. 2 (f): scope of application of article 8 para. 2 (e) T2 - The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-406-64854-0 PB - Beck CY - München ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Geiß, Robin ED - Ambos, Kai T1 - Article 8 Paras. 2(c)–(f) and 3: War crimes committed in an armed conflict not of an international character T2 - Rome statute of the International Criminal Court Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-406-74384-9 SN - 978-3-406-77926-8 SN - 978-1-5099-4405-7 SN - 978-3-8487-7648-1 SP - 837 EP - 1048 PB - C.H. Beck CY - München ET - 4 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Geiß, Robin ED - Ambos, Kai T1 - Article 8 Para. 2(b)(xvi): Pillage T2 - Rome statute of the International Criminal Court Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-406-74384-9 SN - 978-3-406-77926-8 SN - 978-1-5099-4405-7 SN - 978-3-8487-7648-1 SP - 539 EP - 554 PB - C.H. Beck CY - München ET - Fourth edition ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Geiß, Robin ED - Ambos, Kai T1 - Article 8 Para. 2(b)(x): Prohibition of physical mutilation T2 - Rome statute of the International Criminal Court Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-406-74384-9 SN - 978-3-406-77926-8 SN - 978-1-5099-4405-7 SN - 978-3-8487-7648-1 SP - 419 EP - 436 PB - Beck CY - München ET - 4 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Geiß, Robin ED - Ambos, Kai T1 - Article 8 Para. 2(b)(xiii): Prohibited destruction T2 - Rome statute of the International Criminal Court Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-406-74384-9 SN - 978-3-406-77926-8 SN - 978-1-5099-4405-7 SN - 978-3-8487-7648-1 SP - 474 EP - 503 PB - Beck CY - München ET - 4 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Freiburg-Braun, Elisa T1 - Aggression under the Rome Statute BT - an introduction N2 - Das Werk analysiert umfassend das Verbrechen der Aggression im Sinne des Römischen Statuts. Ausgehend von der Rechtsgeschichte, werde die einschlägigen Artikel 8bis, 15bis und 15ter des Römischen Statuts, also die Definition des Verbrechens der Aggression, analysiert. Ebenso behandelt das Buch weiterführende Entwicklungen des Verbrechens der Aggression über das Jahr 2017 hinaus – das Jahr, in dem es, wahrscheinlich, zu einer Entscheidung über die Aktivierung der Gerichtsbarkeit kommt Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-8487-4678-1 PB - Nomos CY - Baden-Baden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Freiburg-Braun, Elisa ED - Ambos, Kai T1 - Article 15ter Exercise of jurisdiction over the crime of aggression (Security Council referral) T2 - Rome statute of the International Criminal Court Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-406-77926-8 SN - 978-3-406-74384-9 SN - 978-1-5099-4405-7 SN - 978-3-8487-7648-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17104/9783406779268-927 SP - 927 EP - 932 PB - Beck CY - München ET - Fourth ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Freiburg-Braun, Elisa ED - Ambos, Kai T1 - Article 8bis Crime of aggression T2 - Rome statute of the International Criminal Court Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-406-77926-8 SN - 978-3-406-74384-9 SN - 978-1-5099-4405-7 SN - 978-3-8487-7648-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17104/9783406779268-686 SP - 686 EP - 726 PB - Beck CY - München ET - Fourth ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Freiburg, Elisa ED - Triffterer, Otto ED - Ambos, Kai T1 - Article 15bis: Exercise of jurisdiction over the crime of aggression (State referal, proprio motu) T2 - The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court ; a commentary Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-406-64854-0 SP - 741 EP - 764 PB - Beck CY - München ET - 3. Aufl ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Freiburg, Elisa ED - Triffterer, Otto ED - Ambos, Kai T1 - Article 8bis: Crime of aggression T2 - The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court ; a commentary Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-406-64854-0 SP - 580 EP - 618 PB - Beck CY - München ET - 3. Aufl. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Dorschner, Jonas T1 - Article 22 Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-0-19-954251-2 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Devaney, James G. T1 - Succession to treaties and the inherent limits of international law T2 - Research handbook on the law of treaties Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-78536-951-3 SP - 505 EP - 540 PB - Elgar CY - Cheltenham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Bäumler, Jelena T1 - Navigating through narrow jurisdictional straits : the Philippines - PRC South China Sea Dispute and UNCLOS Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Boos, Felix T1 - Bringing States to Justice for Crimes against Humanity BT - The Compromissory Clause in the International Law Commission Draft Convention on Crimes against Humanity JF - Journal of international criminal justice N2 - Draft Article 15 of the International Law Commission’s project on crimes against humanity — dealing with the settlement of disputes arising from a proposed convention — attempts to strike a balance between state autonomy and robust judicial supervision. It largely follows Article 22 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, which renders the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) conditional upon prior negotiations. Hence, the substance of the clause can be interpreted in light of the recent case law of the ICJ, especially in the case Georgia v. Russia. In addition, this contribution discusses several issues regarding the scope ratione temporis of the compromissory clause. It advances several proposals to improve the current draft, addressing its relationship with state responsibility — an explicit reference to which is currently missing — as well as the relationship between the ICJ and a possible treaty body. It also proposes to recalibrate the interplay of the requirement of prior negotiations with, respectively, the possibility of seizing a future treaty body and the indication of provisional measures by the ICJ. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqy053 SN - 1478-1387 SN - 1478-1395 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 835 EP - 855 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Boos, Felix T1 - Bringing States to Justice for Crimes against Humanity BT - The Compromissory Clause in the ILC Draft Convention on Crimes against Humanity T2 - KFG Working Paper Series N2 - Draft Art. 15 CCAH attempts to strike a balance between State autonomy and robust judicial supervision. It largely follows Article 22 CERD conditioning the jurisdiction of the ICJ on prior negotiations. Hence, the substance of the clause is interpreted in light of the Court’s recent case law, especially Georgia v. Russia. Besides, several issues regarding the scope ratione temporis of the compromissory clause are discussed. The article advances several proposals to further improve the current draft, addressing the missing explicit reference to State responsibility, as well as the relationship between the Court and a possible treaty body, It also proposes to recalibrate the interplay of a requirement of prior negotiations respectively the seizing of a future treaty body on the one hand and provisional measures to be indicated by the Court on the other. T3 - KFG Working Paper Series - 12 Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-422035 SN - 2509-3770 SN - 2509-3762 IS - 12 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Humanitarian Assistance and the Security Council JF - Israel Law Review N2 - Over the years, the Security Council has on several occasions dealt with humanitarian assistance issues. However, it is Security Council Resolution 2165(2014), related to the situation in Syria, that has brought the role of the Security Council to the forefront of the debate. It is against this background that the article discusses the legal issues arising from Security Council action facilitating humanitarian assistance to be delivered in situations of non-international armed conflict. Following a brief survey of relevant practice of the Security Council related to humanitarian assistance, the article considers the relevance, if any, of Article 2(7) of the Charter of the United Nations (UN) to humanitarian assistance to be delivered in such situations. It then moves on to analyse whether a rejection by the territorial state of humanitarian aid to be delivered by third parties may amount to a situation under Article 39 of the UN Charter. It then considers in detail whether (at least implicitly) Resolution 2165 has been adopted under Chapter VII and, if this is not the case, whether it can be still considered to be legally binding. The article finally considers what impact the adoption of Security Council Resolution 2165 might have on the interpretation of otherwise applicable rules of international humanitarian law and, in particular, the right of third parties to provide humanitarian assistance in a situation of a non-international armed conflict in spite of the absence of consent by the territorial state, and the obligations that members of the Security Council, permanent and non-permanent, have under Common Article 1 of the Geneva Conventions when faced with a draft resolution providing for the delivery of humanitarian assistance, notwithstanding the absence of consent by the territorial state. Y1 - 2017 SN - 0021-2237 U6 - https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1017/S0021223716000315 VL - 50 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 23 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Finally...Or would rather less have been more? JF - Journal of International Criminal Justice N2 - In November 2015, the 14th Session of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) adopted, by consensus, an amendment providing for the deletion of Article 124 of the ICC Statute, which so far enables contracting parties, when joining the Statute, to opt out from the ICC’s treaty-based war crimes-related jurisdiction. After considering the genesis of the provision and the practice arising under Article 124 of the ICC Statute so far, this article considers the arguments for and against the deletion of Article 124 in light of the increasingly small number of accessions to the ICC Statute that have been forthcoming in the last few years. It also analyses the quite strict requirements for the entry into force of the amendment, as well as the effect of the entry into force of the amendment on possible declarations having been made pending such entry into force. It ends by considering the positive effect a continued applicability of Article 124 may have on states so far being reluctant to accede to the ICC Statute. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqw012 VL - 14 IS - 3 SP - 505 EP - 517 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Article 8, D. Article 8 para 2 (c)-(f) and para 3: War crimes committed in an armed conflict not of an international character T2 - The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court : a Commentary Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-8487-2263-1 SN - 978-3-8452-6357-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/9783845263571-296 SP - 296 EP - 580 PB - Beck CY - München ET - 3 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Article 8bis: Crime of Aggression T2 - The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Y1 - 2015 SP - 580 EP - 618 PB - Beck CY - München ET - 3. Aufl. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict: Developing International Law Without Solving the Conflict JF - Archiv des Völkerrechts N2 - The article analyses whether the Palestinian-Israeli conflict has served as a catalyst for the development of international law, as well as whether international law has been instrumental in attempting to find solutions for the said conflict. In several ways, this conflict has made a significant contribution to understanding and interpreting the UN Charter. It also brought along important developments about the role of third parties, both under the Geneva Conventions and under the law of state responsibility, which provides for an obligation of not recognizing as legal, or not rendering aid or assistance to situations caused by serious violations of jus cogens. International judicial institutions (and also domestic ones) play a rather limited role in this respect, due both to a lack of courage to address fundamental questions, and/or a disregard of the outcome of the proceedings by at least one of the parties to the conflict. Other reasons are Israel's reluctance of accepting the jurisdiction of either the ICJ or the ICC, and its view on the non-applicability of human rights treaties outside of its territory, as well as Palestine's uncertain status in the international community limiting its access to international courts. However, the ICJ's 2004 (formally non-binding) advisory opinion on the Israeli Wall provided answers to some of the most fundamental questions related to the conflict, unfortunately without having any immediate impact on the situation on the ground. Given Palestine's accession to the Rome Statute in early 2015, time has yet to show which role in the process will be played by the ICC. Other issues arising from the conflict, and examined by this article, are that of (Palestinian) statehood, going beyond the traditional concept of statehood and including the consequences of the jus cogens-character of the right of self-determination, as well as questions of treaty succession and succession in matters of State responsibility with regard to acts committed by the PLO. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1628/000389215X14412717564749 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 149 EP - 166 PB - Mohr Siebeck CY - Tübingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Amending the amendment provisions of the rome statute the kampala compromise on the crime of aggression and the law of treaties JF - Journal of international criminal justice N2 - The adoption, in Kampala in June 2010, of amendments to the Rome Statute on the crime of aggression was hailed as a historic milestone in the development of the international Criminal Court (ICC). However, the manner in which these amendments are supposed to enter into force runs the risk of undermining the rules of the international law of treaties, as well as the legality and acceptability of the Kampala compromise itself The author examines the relevant amendment procedures provided for in the ICC Statute and the compatibility with them of the amendment procedure chosen in Kampala and ultimately warns of the legal consequences which may follow from the Review Conference's somewhat-Alexandrian solution. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqs002 SN - 1478-1387 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 209 EP - 227 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Article 5: Crimes within the Jurisdiction of the Court T2 - The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court ; a commentary Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-406-64854-0 SP - 111 EP - 126 PB - Beck CY - München ET - 3. Aufl. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Finally ... Or Would Rather Less Have Been More? The Recent Amendment on the Deletion of Article 124 of the Rome Statute and the Continued Quest for the Universality of the International Criminal Court JF - Journal of international criminal justice N2 - In November 2015, the 14th Session of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) adopted, by consensus, an amendment providing for the deletion of Article 124 of the ICC Statute, which so far enables contracting parties, when joining the Statute, to opt out from the ICC’s treaty-based war crimes-related jurisdiction. After considering the genesis of the provision and the practice arising under Article 124 of the ICC Statute so far, this article considers the arguments for and against the deletion of Article 124 in light of the increasingly small number of accessions to the ICC Statute that have been forthcoming in the last few years. It also analyses the quite strict requirements for the entry into force of the amendment, as well as the effect of the entry into force of the amendment on possible declarations having been made pending such entry into force. It ends by considering the positive effect a continued applicability of Article 124 may have on states so far being reluctant to accede to the ICC Statute. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqw012 SN - 1478-1387 SN - 1478-1395 VL - 14 SP - 505 EP - 517 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - A victory for international rule of law? BT - Or: All's Well that ends Well? The 2017 ASP decision to amend the kampala amendment on the crime of aggression JF - Journal of international criminal justice N2 - On 14 December 2017, the Assembly of States Parties of the Rome Statute decided to activate the International Criminal Court’s jurisdiction over the crime of aggression. In doing so, it however seems to have rescinded the Kampala amendment adopted in 2010, and in particular, the need for State Parties to eventually opt out from the Court’s aggression-related jurisdiction. This reversal, while being more in line with the Rome Statute than the Kampala amendment itself, raises new (and old) and challenging legal questions which are highlighted in this article. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqy008 SN - 1478-1387 SN - 1478-1395 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 19 EP - 29 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas ED - Volpe, Valentina ED - Peters, Anne ED - Battini, Stefano T1 - Would the world be a better place if one were to adopt a European approach to state immunity? BT - Or, "Soll am Europäischen Wesen die Staatenimmunität genesen"? T2 - Remedies against immunity? N2 - This chapter argues not only that there is no European Sonderweg (or ‘special way’) when it comes to the law of state immunity but that there ought not to be one. Debates within The Hague Conference on Private International Law in the late 1990s and those leading to the adoption of the 2002 UN Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States, as well as the development of the EU Brussels Regulation on Jurisdiction and Enforcement, as amended in 2015, all demonstrate that state immunity was not meant to be limited by such treaties but ‘safeguarded’. Likewise, there is no proof that regional European customary law limits state immunity when it comes to ius cogens violations, as Italy and (partly) Greece are the only European states denying state immunity in such cases while the European Court of Human Rights has, time and again, upheld a broad concept of state immunity. It therefore seems unlikely that in the foreseeable future a specific European customary law norm on state immunity will develop, especially given the lack of participation in such practice by those states most concerned by the matter, including Germany. This chapter considers the possible legal implications of the jurisprudence of the Italian Constitutional Court for European military operations (if such operations went beyond peacekeeping). These implications would mainly depend on the question of attribution: if one where to assume that acts undertaken within the framework of military operations led by the EU were to be, at least also, attributable to the troop-contributing member states, the respective troop-contributing state would be entitled to enjoy state immunity exactly to the same degree as in any kind of unilateral military operations. Additionally, some possible perspectives beyond Sentenza 238/2014 are examined, in particular concerning the redress awarded by domestic courts ‘as long as’ neither the German nor the international system grant equivalent protection to the victims of serious violations of international humanitarian law committed during World War II. In the author’s opinion, strengthening the jurisdiction of international courts and tribunals, bringing interstate cases for damages before the International Court of Justice, as well as providing for claims commissions where individual compensation might be sought for violations of international humanitarian law would be more useful and appropriate mechanisms than denying state immunity. Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-662-62303-9 SN - 978-3-662-62304-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62304-6_12 VL - 297 SP - 219 EP - 233 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas ED - Jeßberger, Florian ED - Burghardt, Boris ED - Vormbaum, Moritz T1 - The International Criminal Court’s decision on jurisdiction concerning Palestine and the future of the ICC T2 - Strafrecht und Systemunrecht : Festschrift für Gerhard Werle zum 70. Geburtstag Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-16-161046-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1628/978-3-16-161046-2 SP - 451 EP - 460 PB - Mohr Siebeck CY - Tübingen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas ED - Ambos, Kai T1 - Article 15bis. Exercise of jurisdiction over the crime of aggression (State referral, proprio motu) T2 - Rome statute of the International Criminal Court Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-406-77926-8 SN - 978-3-406-74384-9 SN - 978-1-5099-4405-7 SN - 978-3-8487-7648-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17104/9783406779268-899 SP - 899 EP - 926 PB - Beck CY - München ET - Fourth ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas ED - Ambos, Kai T1 - Article 5 Crimes within the jurisdiction of the Court T2 - Rome statute of the International Criminal Court Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-406-74384-9 SN - 978-3-406-77926-8 SN - 978-1-5099-4405-7 SP - 107 EP - 116 PB - Beck CY - München ET - Fourth ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas ED - Ambos, Kai T1 - Article 124 Transitional provision T2 - Rome statute of the International Criminal Court Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-406-77926-8 SN - 978-3-406-74384-9 SN - 978-1-5099-4405-7 SN - 978-3-8487-7648-1 SP - 2905 EP - 2914 PB - Beck CY - München ET - Fourth ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - International law scholarship in times of dictatorship and democracy : exemplified by life and work of Wilhelm Wengler Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-0-521-19252-1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Article 33, para. 2 Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-0-19-954251-2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Article 1 F Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-0-19-954251-2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - The obligation to prevent genocide: towards a general responsibility to protect? Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-0-19-958881-7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Abiding by and enforcing international humanitarian law in asymmetric warfare : the case of "operation cast lead" Y1 - 2012 SN - 0554-498x ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Amending the amendment provisions of the rome statute : the kampala compromise on the crime of aggression and the law of treaties Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - State sucession in other matters than treaties Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-0-19-929168-7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - State sucession in treaties Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-0-19-929168-7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Continuity of states Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-0-19-929168-7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Bringing Kosovo within the reach of the european convention on human rights : disentangling the convention and the status-issue Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-16-152628-2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - The international court of justice and state succession to treaties: avoiding principled answers to questions of principle Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-0-19-965321-8 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - International courts and tribunals, intervention in proceedings Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-0-19-929168-7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Human rights treaty bodies and the jurisdiction of the international court of justice Y1 - 2013 SN - 1569-1853 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - The security council and the obligation to prevent genocide and war crimes Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Palestine and the international criminal court quo vadis? Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Palestine and the international criminal court quo vadis? - reach and limits of declarations under article 12(3) JF - Journal of international criminal justice N2 - In 2009, 'Palestine' lodged a declaration recognizing the jurisdiction of the ICC under Article 12(3). However, in April 2012, the OTP determined that this declaration had not brought about the result, of providing for the ICC's jurisdiction, pending clarification from the political organs of the UN concerning the legal status of Palestine within the organization. On 29 November 2012, the General Assembly granted Palestine the status of a non-member observer state within the UN framework, thereby fulfilling the condition mentioned by the OTP in April 2012. It is against this background that the article considers the current legal effects of the 2009 Palestinian declaration. In particular, it addresses the issue of whether the declaration, when read in conjunction with the 29 November 2012 decision, possesses retroactive effect, i.e. whether it provides, as claimed, for the Court's temporal jurisdiction from 1 July 2002 onwards or rather starting only from 29 November 2012. ... the current status granted to Palestine by the United Nations General Assembly is that of 'observer', not as a 'Non-member State'. ... [T]his... informs the current legal status of Palestine for the interpretation and application of article 12 [Rome Statute]. ... The Office could in the future consider allegations of crimes committed in Palestine, should competent organs of the United Nations... resolve the legal issue relevant to an assessment of article 12. ... International Criminal Court, Office of the Prosecutor, 'Situation in Palestine', 3 April 2012 Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqt014 SN - 1478-1387 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 303 EP - 329 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weiß, Norman A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Remarks on the relationship between international human rights law and international humanitarian law Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-83910-826-6 SN - 978-1-83910-827-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839108273 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Edward Elgar Publishing CY - Cheltenham ; Northampton, MA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weiß, Norman A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas ED - Zimmermann, Andreas ED - Weiß, Norman T1 - Remarks on the relationship between international human rights law and international humanitarian law T2 - Human rights and international humanitarian law : challenges ahead N2 - Back in 1949, and thus only one year after the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the four Geneva Conventions were adopted, providing a strong signal for a new world order created after 1945 with the United Nations at their centre and combining as their goals both the maintenance of peace and security and the protection of human rights, but also recognising, realistically, that succeeding generations had so far not yet been saved from the scourge of war. Hence, the continued need for rules governing, and limiting, the means and methods of warfare once an armed conflict has erupted. At the same time, the international community has unfortunately not been able so far to fully safeguard individual human rights, its efforts to that effect and the continuous development of international human rights law over the years notwithstanding. Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-83910-826-6 SN - 978-1-83910-827-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839108273.00006 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Edward Elgar Publishing CY - Cheltenham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ulfstein, Geir A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Certiorari through the Back Door? BT - the Judgment by the European Court of Human Rights in Burmych and Others v. Ukraine in Perspective JF - The Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals N2 - In its Burmych and Others v. Ukraine judgment of October 2017 the European Court of Human Rights dismissed more than 12,000 applications due to the fact that they were not only repetitive in nature, but also mutatis mutandis identical to applications covered by a previous pilot judgment rendered against Ukraine. This raises fundamental issues as to the role of the Court within the human rights protection system established by the European Convention on Human Rights, as well as those concerning the interrelationship between the Court and the Committee of Ministers. KW - European Court of Human Rights KW - Council of Europe KW - Committee of Ministers Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/15718034-12341381 SN - 1569-1853 SN - 1571-8034 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 289 EP - 308 PB - Brill CY - Leiden ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Ulfstein, Geir A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Certiorari Through the Backdoor? BT - The Judgment by the European Court of Human Rights in Burmych and Others v. Ukraine in Perspective T2 - KFG Working Paper Series N2 - In its Burmych and Others v. Ukraine judgment of October 2017 the European Court of Human Rights has dismissed more than 12.000 applications due to the fact that given that they were not only repetitive in nature, but also mutatis mutandis identical to applications covered by a previous pilot judgment rendered against Ukraine. This raises fundamental issues as to the role of the Court within the human rights protection system established by the ECHR, as well as those concerning the interrelationship between the Court and the Committee of Ministers. T3 - KFG Working Paper Series - 13 Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-422054 SN - 2509-3770 SN - 2509-3762 IS - 13 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mohr, Christian Heinrich A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas A1 - Korup, Oliver A1 - Iroume, A. A1 - Francke, Till A1 - Bronstert, Axel T1 - Seasonal logging, process response, and geomorphic work JF - Earth surface dynamics N2 - Deforestation is a prominent anthropogenic cause of erosive overland flow and slope instability, boosting rates of soil erosion and concomitant sediment flux. Conventional methods of gauging or estimating post-logging sediment flux often focus on annual timescales but overlook potentially important process response on shorter intervals immediately following timber harvest. We resolve such dynamics with non-parametric quantile regression forests (QRF) based on high-frequency (3 min) discharge measurements and sediment concentration data sampled every 30-60 min in similar-sized (similar to 0.1 km(2)) forested Chilean catchments that were logged during either the rainy or the dry season. The method of QRF builds on the random forest algorithm, and combines quantile regression with repeated random sub-sampling of both cases and predictors. The algorithm belongs to the family of decision-tree classifiers, which allow quantifying relevant predictors in high-dimensional parameter space. We find that, where no logging occurred, similar to 80% of the total sediment load was transported during extremely variable runoff events during only 5% of the monitoring period. In particular, dry-season logging dampened the relative role of these rare, extreme sediment-transport events by increasing load efficiency during more efficient moderate events. We show that QRFs outperform traditional sediment rating curves (SRCs) in terms of accurately simulating short-term dynamics of sediment flux, and conclude that QRF may reliably support forest management recommendations by providing robust simulations of post-logging response of water and sediment fluxes at high temporal resolution. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-2-117-2014 SN - 2196-6311 SN - 2196-632X VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 117 EP - 125 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Krieger, Heike A1 - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - Sentenza 238/2014 of the Italian Constitutional Court and the International Rule of Law T2 - KFG Working Paper Series N2 - The German-Italian dispute over the scope of sovereign immunities and claims of reparations for war crimes committed by German armed forces during World War II in Italy is in many ways specific and historically contingent. At the same time, it touches upon a number of fundamental challenges which the international community has to address in the interest of furthering the international rule of law. In this working paper both authors address the question whether the current law of sovereign immunities should be changed or interpreted in a manner as to allow for exceptions from State immunities in cases of grave violations of human rights. While the first part of the paper focusses on the perspective of general international law the second part addresses the question through the lense of European law. Both authors agree that unilateral efforts to push for what many consider a progressive development of international law actually may entail adverse effects for the international rule of law and thus may even contribute to a broader crisis of the international legal order. T3 - KFG Working Paper Series - 15 Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-422140 SN - 2509-3770 SN - 2509-3762 IS - 15 ER -