TY - GEN A1 - Bonache, Helena A1 - Gonzalez-Mendez, Rosaura A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - Adult attachment styles, destructive conflict resolution, and the experience of intimate partner violence T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Although there is ample evidence linking insecure attachment styles and intimate partner violence (IPV), little is known about the psychological processes underlying this association, especially from the victim’s perspective. The present study examined how attachment styles relate to the experience of sexual and psychological abuse, directly or indirectly through destructive conflict resolution strategies, both self-reported and attributed to their opposite-sex romantic partner. In an online survey, 216 Spanish undergraduates completed measures of adult attachment style, engagement and withdrawal conflict resolution styles shown by self and partner, and victimization by an intimate partner in the form of sexual coercion and psychological abuse. As predicted, anxious and avoidant attachment styles were directly related to both forms of victimization. Also, an indirect path from anxious attachment to IPV victimization was detected via destructive conflict resolution strategies. Specifically, anxiously attached participants reported a higher use of conflict engagement by themselves and by their partners. In addition, engagement reported by the self and perceived in the partner was linked to an increased probability of experiencing sexual coercion and psychological abuse. Avoidant attachment was linked to higher withdrawal in conflict situations, but the paths from withdrawal to perceived partner engagement, sexual coercion, and psychological abuse were non-significant. No gender differences in the associations were found. The discussion highlights the role of anxious attachment in understanding escalating patterns of destructive conflict resolution strategies, which may increase the vulnerability to IPV victimization. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 405 KW - attachment styles KW - conflict resolution KW - intimate partner violence KW - psychological abuse KW - sexual coercion Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-405132 IS - 405 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rohlf, Helena L. A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - Assessing anger regulation in middle childhood BT - development and validation of a behavioral observation measure T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - An observational measure of anger regulation in middle childhood was developed that facilitated the in situ assessment of five maladaptive regulation strategies in response to an anger-eliciting task. 599 children aged 6-10 years (M = 8.12, SD = 0.92) participated in the study. Construct validity of the measure was examined through correlations with parent- and self-reports of anger regulation and anger reactivity. Criterion validity was established through links with teacher-rated aggression and social rejection measured by parent-, teacher-, and self-reports. The observational measure correlated significantly with parent- and self-reports of anger reactivity, whereas it was unrelated to parent- and self-reports of anger regulation. It also made a unique contribution to predicting aggression and social rejection. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 407 KW - anger regulation KW - middle childhood KW - behavioral observation KW - aggression KW - social rejection Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-406241 IS - 407 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Janis Moritz A1 - Krahé, Barbara A1 - Busching, Robert T1 - Differential risk profiles for reactive and proactive aggression BT - a longitudinal latent profile analysis T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - This two-wave longitudinal study identified configurations of social rejection, affiliation with aggressive peers, and academic failure and examined their predictivity for reactive and proactive aggression in a sample of 1,479 children and adolescents aged between 9 and 19 years. Latent profile analysis yielded three configurations of risk factors, made up of a non-risk group, a risk group scoring high on measures of social rejection (SR), and a risk group scoring high on measures of affiliation with aggressive peers and academic failure (APAF). Latent path analysis revealed that, as predicted, only membership in the SR group at T1 predicted reactive aggression at T2 17 months later. By contrast, only membership in the APAF group at T1 predicted proactive aggression at T2. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 588 KW - reactive/proactive aggression KW - social rejection KW - aggressive peers KW - academic failure KW - childhood KW - adolescence KW - Germany Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433229 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 588 SP - 71 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prot, Sara A1 - Gentile, Douglas A. A1 - Anderson, Craig A. A1 - Suzuki, Kanae A1 - Swing, Edward A1 - Lim, Kam Ming A1 - Horiuchi, Yukiko A1 - Jelic, Margareta A1 - Krahé, Barbara A1 - Liuqing, Wei A1 - Liau, Albert K. A1 - Khoo, Angeline A1 - Petrescu, Poesis Diana A1 - Sakamoto, Akira A1 - Tajima, Sachi A1 - Toma, Roxana Andreea A1 - Warburton, Wayne A1 - Zhang, Xuemin A1 - Lam, Ben Chun Pan T1 - Long-term relations among prosocial-media use, empathy, and prosocial behavior T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Despite recent growth of research on the effects of prosocial media, processes underlying these effects are not well understood. Two studies explored theoretically relevant mediators and moderators of the effects of prosocial media on helping. Study 1 examined associations among prosocial- and violent-media use, empathy, and helping in samples from seven countries. Prosocial-media use was positively associated with helping. This effect was mediated by empathy and was similar across cultures. Study 2 explored longitudinal relations among prosocial-video-game use, violent-video-game use, empathy, and helping in a large sample of Singaporean children and adolescents measured three times across 2 years. Path analyses showed significant longitudinal effects of prosocial- and violent-video-game use on prosocial behavior through empathy. Latent-growth-curve modeling for the 2-year period revealed that change in video-game use significantly affected change in helping, and that this relationship was mediated by change in empathy. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 389 KW - mass media KW - cross-cultural differences KW - social behavior KW - prosocial media KW - violent media KW - prosocial behavior KW - empathy KW - helping KW - general learning model KW - prediction Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404136 IS - 389 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tomaszewska, Paulina A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - Sexual aggression victimization and perpetration among female and male university students in Poland T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - This study examined the prevalence of victimization and perpetration of sexual aggression since age 15 in a convenience sample of 565 Polish university students (356 females). The prevalence of sexual aggression was investigated for both males and females from the perspectives of both victims and perpetrators in relation to three coercive strategies, three different victim–perpetrator relationships, and four types of sexual acts. We also examined the extent to which alcohol was consumed in the context of sexually aggressive incidents. The overall self-reported victimization rate was 34.3% for females and 28.4% for males. The overall perpetration rate was 11.7% for males and 6.5% for females. The gender difference was significant only for perpetration. Prevalence rates of both victimization and perpetration were higher for people known to each other than for strangers. In the majority of victimization and perpetration incidents, alcohol was consumed by one or both parties involved. The findings are discussed in relation to the international evidence and the need for tailored risk prevention and reduction programs. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 399 KW - sexual aggression KW - victimization KW - perpetration KW - alcohol KW - Poland Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404807 IS - 399 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Busching, Robert A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - The girls set the tone BT - gendered classroom norms and the development of aggression in adolescence T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - In a four-wave longitudinal study with N = 1,321 adolescents in Germany, we examined the impact of class-level normative beliefs about aggression on aggressive norms and behavior at the individual level over the course of 3 years. At each data wave, participants indicated their normative acceptance of aggressive behavior and provided self-reports of physical and relational aggression. Multilevel analyses revealed significant cross-level interactions between class-level and individual-level normative beliefs at T1 on individual differences in physical aggression at T2, and the indirect interactive effects were significant up to T4. Normative approval of aggression at the class level, especially girls’ normative beliefs, defined the boundary conditions for the expression of individual differences in aggressive norms and their impact on physically and relationally aggressive behavior for both girls and boys. The findings demonstrate the moderating effect of social norms on the pathways from individual normative beliefs to aggressive behavior in adolescence. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 401 KW - aggression KW - normative beliefs KW - adolescence KW - class-level effects KW - multilevel modelling Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404831 IS - 401 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kirsch, Fabian A1 - Busching, Robert A1 - Rohlf, Helena L. A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - Using behavioral observation for the longitudinal study of anger regulation in middle childhood T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Assessing anger regulation via self-reports is fraught with problems, especially among children. Behavioral observation provides an ecologically valid alternative for measuring anger regulation. The present study uses data from two waves of a longitudinal study to present a behavioral observation approach for measuring anger regulation in middle childhood. At T1, 599 children from Germany (6–10 years old) were observed during an anger eliciting task, and the use of anger regulation strategies was coded. At T2, 3 years later, the observation was repeated with an age-appropriate version of the same task. Partial metric measurement invariance over time demonstrated the structural equivalence of the two versions. Maladaptive anger regulation between the two time points showed moderate stability. Validity was established by showing correlations with aggressive behavior, peer problems, and conduct problems (concurrent and predictive criterion validity). The study presents an ecologically valid and economic approach to assessing anger regulation strategies in situations. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 461 Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412557 IS - 461 ER -