TY - JOUR A1 - Uhlmann, Manuela A1 - Korup, Oliver A1 - Huggel, Christian A1 - Fischer, Luzia A1 - Kargel, Jeffrey S. T1 - Supra-glacial deposition and flux of catastrophic rock-slope failure debris, south-central Alaska JF - Earth surface processes and landforms : the journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group N2 - The ongoing debate over the effects of global environmental change on Earth's cryosphere calls for detailed knowledge about process rates and their variability in cold environments. In this context, appraisals of the coupling between glacier dynamics and para-glacial erosion rates in tectonically active mountains remain rare. We contribute to filling this knowledge gap and present an unprecedented regional-scale inventory of supra-glacial sediment flux and hillslope erosion rates inferred from an analysis of 123 large (> 0 center dot 1km2) catastrophic bedrock landslides that fell onto glaciers in the Chugach Mountains, Alaska, as documented by satellite images obtained between 1972 to 2008. Assuming these supra-glacial landslide deposits to be passive strain markers we infer minimum decadal-scale sediment yields of 190 to 7400tkm-2yr-1 for a given glacier-surface cross-section impacted by episodic rock-slope failure. These rates compare to reported fluvial sediment yields in many mountain rivers, but are an order of magnitude below the extreme sediment yields measured at the snouts of Alaskan glaciers, indicating that the bulk of debris discharged derives from en-glacial, sub-glacial or ice-proximal sources. We estimate an average minimum para-glacial erosion rate by large, episodic rock-slope failures at 0 center dot 5-0 center dot 7mmyr-1 in the Chugach Mountains over a 50-yr period, with earthquakes likely being responsible for up to 73% of this rate. Though ranking amongst the highest decadal landslide erosion rates for this size of study area worldwide, our inferred rates of hillslope erosion in the Chugach Mountains remain an order of magnitude below the pace of extremely rapid glacial sediment export and glacio-isostatic surface uplift previously reported from the region. KW - glacier KW - landslide KW - erosion rate KW - sediment yield KW - Alaska Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3311 SN - 0197-9337 VL - 38 IS - 7 SP - 675 EP - 682 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Uhlenwinkel, Anke A1 - Wienecke, Maik T1 - Rollenspiele und Denkhüte JF - Potsdamer Geographische Praxis N2 - 1 Rollenspiele 2 Denkhüte 3 Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten 4 Fazit KW - Geographie-Studium KW - Geographie-Unterricht KW - Metzler Handbuch 2.0 KW - Unterrichtsmethoden KW - Geographie-Didaktik KW - Diskussion-Unterricht KW - Geography Education KW - Strategies KW - Education KW - Discussion Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66211 SN - 2194-1599 SN - 2194-1602 IS - 6 SP - 41 EP - 47 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Uhlenwinkel, Anke T1 - On the importance of using appropriate concepts and theories JF - Potsdamer geographische Praxis KW - Europäische Werteerziehung KW - Familie KW - Lehrevaluation KW - Studierendenaustausch KW - Unterrichtseinheiten KW - Curriculum Framework KW - European values education KW - Family KW - lesson evaluation KW - student exchange KW - teaching units KW - curriculum framework Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65905 SN - 2194-1599 SN - 2194-1602 IS - 3 SP - 17 EP - 21 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Uhlenwinkel, Anke T1 - Spiele im Geographieunterricht JF - Potsdamer geographische Praxis N2 - 1 Begriff 2 Das Verhältnis von Spiel und Arbeit 3 Merkmale von Spielen im nicht-pädagogischen Bereich 4 Begründungen für das Spiel im Unterricht 5 Spiele und Spielen im Geographieunterricht 6 Fazit KW - Geographie-Studium KW - Geographie-Unterricht KW - Metzler Handbuch 2.0 KW - Unterrichtsmethoden KW - Geographie-Didaktik KW - Diskussion-Unterricht KW - Geography Education KW - Strategies KW - Education KW - Discussion Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66245 SN - 2194-1599 SN - 2194-1602 IS - 6 SP - 63 EP - 69 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Uhlendotff, Harald A1 - Prengel, Annedore T1 - Forschungsperspektiven quantitativer Methoden im Verhältnis zu qualitativen Methoden JF - Handbuch qualitative Forschungsmethoden in der Erziehungswissenschaft Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-7799-0799-2 SP - 137 EP - 149 PB - Beltz Juventa CY - Weinheim ET - 4., durchges. Aufl. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Uhlemann, S. A1 - Bertelmann, Roland A1 - Merz, Bruno T1 - Data expansion the potential of grey literature for understanding floods JF - Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS N2 - Sophisticated methods have been developed and become standard in analysing floods as well as for assessing flood risk. However, increasingly critique of the current standards and scientific practice can be found both in the flood hydrology community as well as in the risk community who argue that the considerable amount of information already available on natural disasters has not been adequately deployed and brought to effective use. We describe this phenomenon as a failure to synthesize knowledge that results from barriers and ignorance in awareness, use and management of the entire spectrum of relevant content, that is, data, information and knowledge. In this paper we argue that the scientific community in flood risk research ignores event-specific analysis and documentations as another source of data. We present results from a systematic search that includes an intensive study on sources and ways of information dissemination of flood-relevant publications. We obtain 186 documents that contain information on the sources, pathways, receptors and/or consequences for any of the 40 strongest trans-basin floods in Germany in the period 1952-2002. This study therefore provides the most comprehensive metadata collection of flood documentations for the considered geographical space and period. A total of 87.5% of all events have been documented, and especially the most severe floods have received extensive coverage. Only 30% of the material has been produced in the scientific/academic environment, and the majority of all documents (about 80%) can be considered grey literature (i.e. literature not controlled by commercial publishers). Therefore, ignoring grey sources in flood research also means ignoring the largest part of knowledge available on single flood events (in Germany). Further, the results of this study underpin the rapid changes in information dissemination of flood event literature over the last decade. We discuss the options and obstacles of incorporating this data into the knowledge-building process in light of the current technological developments and international, interdisciplinary debates for data curation. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-895-2013 SN - 1027-5606 VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 895 EP - 911 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Uffelmann, Dirk T1 - Sorokins Schmalz oder Die Küche des Konzeptualismus JF - Russische Küche und kulturelle Identität Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68000 SP - 229 EP - 252 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Töpfer, Nadine A1 - Caldana, Camila A1 - Grimbs, Sergio A1 - Willmitzer, Lothar A1 - Fernie, Alisdair R. A1 - Nikoloski, Zoran T1 - Integration of genome-scale modeling and transcript profiling reveals metabolic pathways underlying light and temperature acclimation in arabidopsis JF - The plant cell N2 - Understanding metabolic acclimation of plants to challenging environmental conditions is essential for dissecting the role of metabolic pathways in growth and survival. As stresses involve simultaneous physiological alterations across all levels of cellular organization, a comprehensive characterization of the role of metabolic pathways in acclimation necessitates integration of genome-scale models with high-throughput data. Here, we present an integrative optimization-based approach, which, by coupling a plant metabolic network model and transcriptomics data, can predict the metabolic pathways affected in a single, carefully controlled experiment. Moreover, we propose three optimization-based indices that characterize different aspects of metabolic pathway behavior in the context of the entire metabolic network. We demonstrate that the proposed approach and indices facilitate quantitative comparisons and characterization of the plant metabolic response under eight different light and/or temperature conditions. The predictions of the metabolic functions involved in metabolic acclimation of Arabidopsis thaliana to the changing conditions are in line with experimental evidence and result in a hypothesis about the role of homocysteine-to-Cys interconversion and Asn biosynthesis. The approach can also be used to reveal the role of particular metabolic pathways in other scenarios, while taking into consideration the entirety of characterized plant metabolism. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.112.108852 SN - 1040-4651 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 1197 EP - 1211 PB - American Society of Plant Physiologists CY - Rockville ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tönnies, Sibylle T1 - Wider den westlichen Sonderweg : Globaler Melting Pot statt Clash of Civilizations Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-941880-71-9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tu, Rui A1 - Zhang, Hongping A1 - Ge, Maorong A1 - Huang, Guanwen T1 - A real-time ionospheric model based on GNSS Precise Point Positioning JF - Advances in space research N2 - This paper proposes a method of real-time monitoring and modeling the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) by Precise Point Positioning (PPP). Firstly, the ionospheric TEC and receiver's Differential Code Biases (DCB) are estimated with the undifferenced raw observation in real-time, then the ionospheric TEC model is established based on the Single Layer Model (SLM) assumption and the recovered ionospheric TEC. In this study, phase observations with high precision are directly used instead of phase smoothed code observations. In addition, the DCB estimation is separated from the establishment of the ionospheric model which will limit the impacts of the SLM assumption impacts. The ionospheric model is established at every epoch for real time application. The method is validated with three different GNSS networks on a local, regional, and global basis. The results show that the method is feasible and effective, the real-time ionosphere and DCB results are very consistent with the IGS final products, with a bias of 1-2 TECU and 0.4 ns respectively. KW - Ionospheric monitoring and modeling KW - Precise Point Positioning (PPP) KW - Real time KW - Total Electron Content (TEC) KW - Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) KW - Differential Code Biases (DCB) Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2013.06.015 SN - 0273-1177 SN - 1879-1948 VL - 52 IS - 6 SP - 1125 EP - 1134 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tu, Rui A1 - Ge, Maorong A1 - Zhang, Hongping A1 - Huang, Guanwen T1 - The realization and convergence analysis of combined PPP based on raw observation JF - Advances in space research N2 - In order to speed up Precise Point Positioning (PPP)'s convergence, a combined PPP method with GPS and GLONASS which is based on using raw observations is proposed, and the positioning results and convergence time have been compared with that of single system. The ionospheric delays and receiver's Differential Code Bias (DCB) corrections are estimated as unknown parameters in this method. The numerical results show that the combined PPP has not caused significant impacts on the final solutions, but it greatly improved Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) and convergence speed and enhanced the reliability of the solution. Meanwhile, the convergence speed is greatly influenced by the receiver's DCB, positioning results in horizontal which are better than 10 cm can be realized within 10 min. In addition, the ionosphere and DCB products can be provided with high precision. KW - GPS and GLONASS KW - Precise Point Positioning KW - Raw observation KW - DCB KW - Combine Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2013.03.005 SN - 0273-1177 VL - 52 IS - 1 SP - 211 EP - 221 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tsukaya, Hirokazu A1 - Byrne, Mary E. A1 - Horiguchi, Gorou A1 - Sugiyama, Munetaka A1 - Van Lijsebettens, Mieke A1 - Lenhard, Michael T1 - How do 'housekeeping' genes control organogenesis?-unexpected new findings on the role of housekeeping genes in cell and organ differentiation JF - Journal of plant research N2 - In recent years, an increasing number of mutations in what would appear to be 'housekeeping genes' have been identified as having unexpectedly specific defects in multicellular organogenesis. This is also the case for organogenesis in seed plants. Although it is not surprising that loss-of-function mutations in 'housekeeping' genes result in lethality or growth retardation, it is surprising when (1) the mutant phenotype results from the loss of function of a 'housekeeping' gene and (2) the mutant phenotype is specific. In this review, by defining housekeeping genes as those encoding proteins that work in basic metabolic and cellular functions, we discuss unexpected links between housekeeping genes and specific developmental processes. In a surprising number of cases housekeeping genes coding for enzymes or proteins with functions in basic cellular processes such as transcription, post-transcriptional modification, and translation affect plant development. KW - Development KW - Housekeeping genes KW - Post-transcriptional modification KW - RNAPII KW - Pre-mRNA splicing KW - Ribosome KW - 3 '-end processing KW - Transcription KW - Translation Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-012-0518-2 SN - 0918-9440 VL - 126 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 15 PB - Springer CY - Tokyo ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Trinh, Christopher Q. A1 - Ellis, Simon C. A1 - Bland-Hawthorn, Joss A1 - Lawrence, Jon S. A1 - Horton, Anthony J. A1 - Leon-Saval, Sergio G. A1 - Shortridge, Keith A1 - Bryant, Julia A1 - Case, Scott A1 - Colless, Matthew A1 - Couch, Warrick A1 - Freeman, Kenneth A1 - Löhmannsröben, Hans-Gerd A1 - Gers, Luke A1 - Glazebrook, Karl A1 - Haynes, Roger A1 - Lee, Steve A1 - O'Byrne, John A1 - Miziarski, Stan A1 - Roth, Martin M. A1 - Schmidt, Brian A1 - Tinney, Christopher G. A1 - Zheng, Jessica T1 - Gnosis - the first instrument to use fiber bragg gratings for OH suppression JF - The astronomical journal N2 - The near-infrared is an important part of the spectrum in astronomy, especially in cosmology because the light from objects in the early universe is redshifted to these wavelengths. However, deep near-infrared observations are extremely difficult to make from ground-based telescopes due to the bright background from the atmosphere. Nearly all of this background comes from the bright and narrow emission lines of atmospheric hydroxyl (OH) molecules. The atmospheric background cannot be easily removed from data because the brightness fluctuates unpredictably on short timescales. The sensitivity of ground-based optical astronomy far exceeds that of near-infrared astronomy because of this long-standing problem. GNOSIS is a prototype astrophotonic instrument that utilizes "OH suppression fibers" consisting of fiber Bragg gratings and photonic lanterns to suppress the 103 brightest atmospheric emission doublets between 1.47 and 1.7 mu m. GNOSIS was commissioned at the 3.9 m Anglo-Australian Telescope with the IRIS2 spectrograph to demonstrate the potential of OH suppression fibers, but may be potentially used with any telescope and spectrograph combination. Unlike previous atmospheric suppression techniques GNOSIS suppresses the lines before dispersion and in a manner that depends purely on wavelength. We present the instrument design and report the results of laboratory and on-sky tests from commissioning. While these tests demonstrated high throughput (approximate to 60%) and excellent suppression of the skylines by the OH suppression fibers, surprisingly GNOSIS produced no significant reduction in the interline background and the sensitivity of GNOSIS+IRIS2 is about the same as IRIS2. It is unclear whether the lack of reduction in the interline background is due to physical sources or systematic errors as the observations are detector noise dominated. OH suppression fibers could potentially impact ground-based astronomy at the level of adaptive optics or greater. However, until a clear reduction in the interline background and the corresponding increasing in sensitivity is demonstrated optimized OH suppression fibers paired with a fiber-fed spectrograph will at least provide a real benefit at low resolving powers. KW - atmospheric effects KW - infrared: diffuse background KW - instrumentation: miscellaneous Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/145/2/51 SN - 0004-6256 VL - 145 IS - 2 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Trauth, Martin H. T1 - TURBO2 - a MATLAB simulation to study the effects of bioturbation on paleoceanographic time series JF - Computers & geosciences : an international journal devoted to the publication of papers on all aspects of geocomputation and to the distribution of computer programs and test data sets ; an official journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geology N2 - Bioturbation (or benthic mixing) causes significant distortions in marine stable isotope signals and other palaeoceanographic records. Although the influence of bioturbation on these records is well known it has rarely been dealt systematically. The MATLAB program called TURBO2 can be used to simulate the effect of bioturbation on individual sediment particles. It can therefore be used to model the distortion of all physical, chemical, and biological signals in deep-sea sediments, such as Mg/Ca ratios and UK37-based sea-surface temperature (SST) variations. In particular, it can be used to study the distortions in paleoceanographic records that are based on individual sediment particles, such as SST records based on foraminifera assemblages. Furthermore. TURBO2 provides a tool to study the effect of benthic mixing of isotope signals such as C-14, delta O-18, and delta C-13, measured in a stratigraphic carrier such as foraminifera shells. KW - Bioturbation KW - Modeling KW - MATLAB KW - Deep-sea records KW - Foraminifera KW - Stable oxygen isotopes Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.05.003 SN - 0098-3004 SN - 1873-7803 VL - 61 IS - 12 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tosch, Frank T1 - Zur Entdeckung von Kindheit und Jugend an Rochows philanthropischer Musterschule in Reckahn JF - Kindheit in Brandenburg Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-7338-0390-2 SP - 30 EP - 39 PB - Koehler & Amelang CY - Leipzig ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tomczyk, Jaroslaw A1 - Sobolewska, Anna A1 - Nagy, Zsuzsanna T. A1 - Guillon, Daniel A1 - Donnio, Bertrand A1 - Stumpe, Joachim T1 - Photo- and thermal-processing of azobenzene-containing star-shaped liquid crystals JF - Journal of materials chemistry : C, Materials for optical and electronic devices N2 - A new class of star-shaped, liquid crystalline, low-molecular weight compounds functionalized with photochromic azobenzene and mesogenic groups was investigated in terms of light-induced anisotropy. The behaviour of the materials under the action of light with simultaneous or subsequent thermal treatment was examined with respect to the induction of anisotropy. The unconventional UV light treatment prior to the irradiation with linearly polarized light allowed induction of very high values of anisotropy (D = 0.77) at room temperature. Moreover, the simultaneous action of light and temperature led to the induction of higher values of dichroism in comparison with anisotropy generated by the standard procedure. Subsequent thermal treatment led to dewetting and the formation of 3D macroscopic stripe- and dome-like structures for one of the investigated compounds. Despite photoinduction of anisotropy by a single beam, the formation of polarization and surface relief gratings by two-beam interference pattern was also investigated. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c2tc00627h SN - 2050-7526 VL - 1 IS - 5 SP - 924 EP - 932 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tomas, Sara A1 - Homann, Martin A1 - Mutti, Maria A1 - Amour, Frederic A1 - Christ, Nicolas A1 - Immenhauser, Adrian A1 - Agar, Susan M. A1 - Kabiri, Lahcen T1 - Alternation of microbial mounds and ooid shoals (Middle Jurasssic, Morocco) - response to paleoenvironmental changes JF - Sedimentary geology : international journal of applied and regional sedimentology N2 - The occurrence of neritic microbial carbonates is often related to ecological refuges, where grazers and other competitors are reduced by environmental conditions, or to post-extinction events (e.g. in the Late Devonian, Early Triassic). Here, we present evidence for Middle Jurassic (Bajocian) microbial mounds formed in the normal marine, shallow neritic setting of an inner, ramp system from the High Atlas of Morocco. The microbial mounds are embedded in cross-bedded oolitic facies. Individual mounds show low relief domal geometries (up to 3 m high and 4.5 m across), but occasionally a second generation of mounds exhibits tabular geometries (<1 m high). The domes are circular in plan view and have intact tops, lacking evidence of current influence on mound preferred growth direction or distribution patterns, or truncation. The mound fades consists almost entirely of non-laminated, micritic thrombolites with branching morphologies and fine-grained, clotted and peloidal fabrics. Normal marine biota are present but infrequent. Several lines of evidence document that microbial mound growth alternates with time intervals of active ooid shoal deposition. This notion is of general significance when compared with modern Bahamian microbialites that co-exist with active sub-aquatic dunes. Furthermore, the lack of detailed studies of Middle Jurassic, normal marine shallow neritic microbial mounds adds a strong motivation for the present study. Specifically, Bajocian mounds formed on a firmground substratum during transgressive phases under condensed sedimentation. Furthermore, a transient increase in nutrient supply in the prevailing mesotrophic setting, as suggested by the heterotrophic-dominated biota, may have controlled microbial mound stages. KW - Microbial mounds KW - Thrombolites KW - Ooid shoals KW - Paleoenvironment KW - Jurassic Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2013.05.008 SN - 0037-0738 VL - 294 SP - 68 EP - 82 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Toenjes, Ralf A1 - Sokolov, Igor M. A1 - Postnikov, E. B. T1 - Non-spectral relaxation in one dimensional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes JF - Physical review letters N2 - The relaxation of a dissipative system to its equilibrium state often shows a multiexponential pattern with relaxation rates, which are typically considered to be independent of the initial condition. The rates follow from the spectrum of a Hermitian operator obtained by a similarity transformation of the initial Fokker-Planck operator. However, some initial conditions are mapped by this similarity transformation to functions which growat infinity. These cannot be expanded in terms of the eigenfunctions of a Hermitian operator, and show different relaxation patterns. Considering the exactly solvable examples of Gaussian and generalized Levy Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes (OUPs) we show that the relaxation rates belong to the Hermitian spectrum only if the initial condition belongs to the domain of attraction of the stable distribution defining the noise. While for an ordinary OUP initial conditions leading to nonspectral relaxation can be considered exotic, for generalized OUPs driven by Levy noise, such initial conditions are the rule. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.150602 Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.150602 SN - 0031-9007 VL - 110 IS - 15 PB - American Physical Society CY - College Park ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Todt, Helge Tobias A1 - Kniazev, A. Y. A1 - Gvaramadze, V. V. A1 - Hamann, Wolf-Rainer A1 - Buckley, D. A1 - Crause, L. A1 - Crawford, S. M. A1 - Gulbis, A. A. S. A1 - Hettlage, C. A1 - Hooper, E. A1 - Husser, T. -O. A1 - Kotze, P. A1 - Loaring, N. A1 - Nordsieck, K. H. A1 - O'Donoghue, D. A1 - Pickering, T. A1 - Potter, S. A1 - Romero-Colmenero, E. A1 - Vaisanen, P. A1 - Williams, T. A1 - Wolf, M. T1 - Abell 48-a rare WN-type central star of a planetary nebula JF - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society N2 - A considerable fraction of the central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPNe) are hydrogen-deficient. Almost all of these H-deficient central stars (CSs) display spectra with strong carbon and helium lines. Most of them exhibit emission-line spectra resembling those of massive WC stars. Therefore these stars are classed as CSPNe of spectral type [WC]. Recently, quantitative spectral analysis of two emission-line CSs, PB 8 and IC 4663, revealed that these stars do not belong to the [WC] class. Instead PB 8 has been classified as [WN/WC] type and IC 4663 as [WN] type. In this work we report the spectroscopic identification of another rare [WN] star, the CS of Abell 48. We performed a spectral analysis of Abell 48 with the Potsdam Wolf-Rayet (PoWR) models for expanding atmospheres. We find that the expanding atmosphere of Abell 48 is mainly composed of helium (85 per cent by mass), hydrogen (10 per cent) and nitrogen (5 per cent). The residual hydrogen and the enhanced nitrogen abundance make this object different from the other [WN] star IC 4663. We discuss the possible origin of this atmospheric composition. KW - stars: abundances KW - stars: AGB and post-AGB KW - stars: mass-loss KW - stars: Wolf-Rayet KW - planetary nebulae: general KW - planetary nebulae: individual: PN G029.0+00.4 Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt056 SN - 0035-8711 SN - 1365-2966 VL - 430 IS - 3 SP - 2302 EP - 2312 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tischer, Ute T1 - Manifestus error? Falsches zitieren und literarische Kommunikation (zu Gel. 15.6) Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tischer, Ute T1 - Manifestus error? Wrong Citation and literary Communication (on Gel. 15.6) JF - Mnemosyne : a journal of classical studies Y1 - 2013 SN - 0026-7074 VL - 66 IS - 3 SP - 411 EP - 432 PB - Brill CY - Leiden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tiscareno, Matthew S. A1 - Mitchell, Colin J. A1 - Murray, Carl D. A1 - Di Nino, Daiana A1 - Hedman, Matthew M. A1 - Schmidt, Jürgen A1 - Burns, Joseph A. A1 - Cuzzi, Jeffrey N. A1 - Porco, Carolyn C. A1 - Beurle, Kevin A1 - Evans, Michael W. T1 - Observations of Ejecta clouds produced by impacts onto Saturn's rings JF - Science N2 - We report observations of dusty clouds in Saturn's rings, which we interpret as resulting from impacts onto the rings that occurred between 1 and 50 hours before the clouds were observed. The largest of these clouds was observed twice; its brightness and cant angle evolved in a manner consistent with this hypothesis. Several arguments suggest that these clouds cannot be due to the primary impact of one solid meteoroid onto the rings, but rather are due to the impact of a compact stream of Saturn-orbiting material derived from previous breakup of a meteoroid. The responsible interplanetary meteoroids were initially between 1 centimeter and several meters in size, and their influx rate is consistent with the sparse prior knowledge of smaller meteoroids in the outer solar system. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1233524 SN - 0036-8075 VL - 340 IS - 6131 SP - 460 EP - 464 PB - American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tikhonenko, Irina A1 - Magidson, Valentin A1 - Gräf, Ralph A1 - Khodjakov, Alexey A1 - Koonce, Michael P. T1 - A kinesin-mediated mechanism that couples centrosomes to nuclei JF - Cellular and molecular life sciences N2 - The M-type kinesin isoform, Kif9, has recently been implicated in maintaining a physical connection between the centrosome and nucleus in Dictyostelium discoideum. However, the mechanism by which Kif9 functions to link these two organelles remains obscure. Here we demonstrate that the Kif9 protein is localized to the nuclear envelope and is concentrated in the region underlying the centrosome point of attachment. Nuclear anchorage appears mediated through a specialized transmembrane domain located in the carboxyl terminus. Kif9 interacts with microtubules in in vitro binding assays and effects an endwise depolymerization of the polymer. These results suggest a model whereby Kif9 is anchored to the nucleus and generates a pulling force that reels the centrosome up against the nucleus. This is a novel activity for a kinesin motor, one important for progression of cells into mitosis and to ensure centrosome-nuclear parity in a multinuclear environment. KW - Centrosome KW - Kinesin KW - Microtubule KW - Dictyostelium Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-012-1205-0 SN - 1420-682X VL - 70 IS - 7 SP - 1285 EP - 1296 PB - Springer CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tian, Fang A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike A1 - Dallmeyer, Anne A1 - Xu, Qinghai A1 - Mischke, Steffen A1 - Biskaborn, Boris T1 - Environmental variability in the monsoon-westerlies transition zone during the last 1200 years - lake sediment analyses from central Mongolia and supra-regional synthesis JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal N2 - A high resolution multi proxy (pollen, grain size, total organic carbon) record from a small mountain lake (Lake Khuisiin; 46.6 degrees N, 101.8 degrees E; 2270 m a.s.l.) in the south eastern Khangai Mountains of central Mongolia has been used to explore changes in vegetation and climate over the last 1200 years. The pollen data indicates that the vegetation changed from dry steppe dominated by Poaceae and Artemisia (ca AD 760-950), to Larix forest steppe (ca AD 950-1170), Larix Betula forest steppe (ca AD 1170-1380), meadow dominated by Cyperaceae and Poaceae (ca AD 1380-1830), and Larix Betula forest steppe (after similar to AD 1830). The cold-wet period between AD 1380 and 1830 may relate to the Little Ice Age. Environmental changes were generally subtle and climate change seems to have been the major driver of variations in vegetation until at least the early part of the 20th century, suggesting that either the level of human activity was generally low, or the relationship between human activity and vegetation did not alter substantially between AD 760 and 1830. A review of centennial scale moisture records from China and Mongolia revealed that most areas experienced major changes at ca AD 1500 and AD 1900. However, the moisture availability since AD 1500 varied between sites, with no clear regional pattern or relationship to present day conditions. Both the reconstructions and the moisture levels simulation on a millennium scale performed in the MPI Earth System Model indicate that the monsoon-westerlies transition area shows a greater climate variability than those areas influenced by the westerlies, or by the summer monsoon only. KW - Pollen KW - Grain size KW - TOC KW - Asian monsoon KW - Westerlies KW - Late Holocene KW - Vegetation change KW - Mongolia Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.05.005 SN - 0277-3791 VL - 73 IS - 2 SP - 31 EP - 47 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thomas, Philipp A1 - Matuschek, Hannes A1 - Grima, Ramon T1 - How reliable is the linear noise approximation of gene regulatory networks? JF - BMC genomics N2 - Background: The linear noise approximation (LNA) is commonly used to predict how noise is regulated and exploited at the cellular level. These predictions are exact for reaction networks composed exclusively of first order reactions or for networks involving bimolecular reactions and large numbers of molecules. It is however well known that gene regulation involves bimolecular interactions with molecule numbers as small as a single copy of a particular gene. It is therefore questionable how reliable are the LNA predictions for these systems. Results: We implement in the software package intrinsic Noise Analyzer (iNA), a system size expansion based method which calculates the mean concentrations and the variances of the fluctuations to an order of accuracy higher than the LNA. We then use iNA to explore the parametric dependence of the Fano factors and of the coefficients of variation of the mRNA and protein fluctuations in models of genetic networks involving nonlinear protein degradation, post-transcriptional, post-translational and negative feedback regulation. We find that the LNA can significantly underestimate the amplitude and period of noise-induced oscillations in genetic oscillators. We also identify cases where the LNA predicts that noise levels can be optimized by tuning a bimolecular rate constant whereas our method shows that no such regulation is possible. All our results are confirmed by stochastic simulations. Conclusion: The software iNA allows the investigation of parameter regimes where the LNA fares well and where it does not. We have shown that the parametric dependence of the coefficients of variation and Fano factors for common gene regulatory networks is better described by including terms of higher order than LNA in the system size expansion. This analysis is considerably faster than stochastic simulations due to the extensive ensemble averaging needed to obtain statistically meaningful results. Hence iNA is well suited for performing computationally efficient and quantitative studies of intrinsic noise in gene regulatory networks. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-S4-S5 SN - 1471-2164 VL - 14 IS - 4 PB - BioMed Central CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thines, Marco A1 - Kummer, Volker T1 - Diversity and species boundaries in floricolous downy mildews JF - Mycological progress : international journal of the German Mycological Society N2 - Floricolous downy mildews are a monophyletic group of members of the genus Peronospora (Oomycota, Peronosporales). These downy mildews can be found on a variety of families of the Asteridae, including Asteraceae, Campanulaceae, Dipsacaceae, Lamiaceae, and Orobanchaceae. With the exception of Peronospora radii, which can also cause economically relevant losses, sporulation usually takes place only on floral parts of their hosts. However, only very few specimens of these mostly inconspicuous downy mildews have so far been included in molecular phylogenies. Focusing on Lamiaceae, we have investigated multiple specimens of floricolous downy mildews for elucidating species boundaries and host specificity in this group. Based on both mitochondrial and nuclear loci, it became apparent that phylogenetic lineages in the Lamiaceae seem to be host genus specific and significant sequence diversity could be found between lineages. Based on distinctiveness in both phylogenetic reconstructions and morphology, the downy mildew on flowers of Stachys palustris is introduced as a new species, Peronospora jagei sp. nov., which can be morphologically distinguished from Peronospora stigmaticola by broader and shorter conidiospores. The diversity of the floricolous down mildews might be higher than previously assumed, although specimens from a much broader set of samples will be needed to confirm this view. KW - cox2 KW - Internal transcribed spacer KW - Peronosporaceae KW - Phylogeny Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-012-0837-7 SN - 1617-416X VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 321 EP - 329 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thiemer-Sachse, Ursula T1 - „Wir verbrachten mehr als 24 Stunden, ohne etwas anderes als Schokolade und Limonade zu uns zu nehmen“ BT - Hinweise in Alexander von Humboldts Tagebuchaufzeichnungen zu Fragen der Verpflegung auf der Forschungsreise durch Spanisch-Amerika JF - HIN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; international review for Humboldtian studies N2 - In Alexander von Humboldts Tagebüchern seiner berühmten Forschungsreise durch Spanisch-Amerika finden sich Bemerkungen und Hinweise für künftige Leser seiner Reisedarstellungen zu Problemen der Verpflegung. Zumeist werden Engpässe und Missstände erwähnt sowie Fragen soziopolitischer Situation verdeutlicht. Sie beziehen sich auf Extrembedingungen in stadtfernen Gebieten und im Kontakt mit den indigenen Trägern und Helfern während der einzelnen Exkursionen. Die Darstellungen der alltäglichen Gegebenheiten sind zugleich eine interessante Quelle für Verhaltensmuster der verschiedenen Schichten der spanischkolonialen Gesellschaft wie der Forschungsreisenden, die mit den Schwierigkeiten umzugehen hatten, sich anzupassen verstanden oder ihre eigenen Verhaltensmuster entwickelt haben. Damit ermöglichen Humboldts Aufzeichnungen zugleich auch auf diesem Gebiet manchen Blick auf den seither erfolgten Kulturwandel. N2 - In the diaries of Alexander von Humboldt’s famous expedition throughout Spanish America you will find observations and notes about problems of food supply, which seem to be directed at future readers of his later to be published travelogue. In most instances, he mentions precarious situations and illustrates questions of sociopolitical nature. Frequently, his notes refer to extreme conditions in remote regions and in contact with the indigenous porters (cargadores) and assistants in the course of the different excursions. At the same time, the descriptions of everyday life are an interesting source for the study of different social strata in colonial Spanish society. This also accounts for the researchers themselves, who had to face the challenges of their journey, either accommodating themselves or developing strategies of adaption. Humboldt’s notes also enable the present-day reader to shed a light on transformations in everyday culture and social behaviour. N2 - En los diarios del famoso viaje de estudios de Alejandro de Humboldt por la América española se encuentran observaciones y notas sobre problemas de aprovisionamiento, en favor de lectores futuros de sus relaciones de viaje. En la mayoría de los casos Humboldt menciona situaciones precarias o ilustra cuestiones de carácter sociopolítico. Frecuentemente, sus apuntes se refieren a condiciones extremas en regiones remotas y en contacto con los cargadores y ayudantes indígenas durante las diferentes excursiones. Las descripciones de los acontecimientos cotidianos al mismo tiempo son una fuente interesante sobre los modos de proceder de las diferentes capas de la sociedad colonial española así como de los viajeros científicos que tuvieron que enfrentar dificultades a las cuales había que adaptarse o desarrollar modelos propios de comportamiento. Por esto al mismo tiempo las noticias de Humboldt también en este asunto posibilitan más de una vez la atención al cambio cultural que se ha realizado hasta hoy en día. KW - Amerika-Reise KW - Forschungsreise KW - Reisetagebuch KW - Verpflegung Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70106 SN - 1617-5239 SN - 2568-3543 VL - XIV IS - 27 SP - 77 EP - 83 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thiemer-Sachse, Ursula T1 - Steinpatrizen aus dem alten Kolumbien zur Vorbereitung des Gusses von Goldobjekten in verlorener Form BT - Alexander von Humboldts „Kalendersteine“ der Muisca JF - HiN : Alexander von Humboldt im Netz ; International review for Humboldtian studies N2 - Im vorspanischen Zentralkolumbien, vor allem in der Muisca-Kultur, wurden Hochreliefs auf Steinpatrizen zur Abformung von Wachsmatrizen für den Guss in verlorener Form benutzt, die Alexander von Humboldt irrtümlich für „Kalendersteine“ der Muisca hielt. Der wissenschaftsgeschichtliche Überblick beschäftigt sich mit den Ursachen dieses Irrtums und dessen Überwindung. N2 - In pre-Hispanic central Colombia, especially in the region of the Muiscan culture, there were high reliefs on stone patrixes used for molding stencils (matrixes) to found metals with the lost wax casting method. Alexander von Humboldt understood them as “calendar stones” of the Muisca. A survey of the history of science considers the reasons for and the surmounting of this erroneous idea. N2 - En la región central de la Colombia prehispánica, especialmente en la cultura muisca, se utilizaron altos relieves en pátrices de piedra para moldear mátrices de cera para la fundición en cera perdida, erroneamente comprendidos por Alejandro de Humboldt como piedras de un “calendario” muisca. El conjunto de la historia de la ciencia trata de las causas y de la abnegación de esa idea. KW - Kolumbien KW - Musica KW - Wissenschaftsgeschichte Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66733 SN - 1617-5239 SN - 2568-3543 VL - XIV IS - 26 SP - 20 EP - 26 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thiel, Kerstin A1 - Zehbe, Rolf A1 - Röser, Jerome A1 - Strauch, Peter A1 - Enthaler, Stephan A1 - Thomas, Arne T1 - A polymer analogous reaction for the formation of imidazolium and NHC based porous polymer networks JF - Polymer Chemistry N2 - A polymer analogous reaction was carried out to generate a porous polymeric network with N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) in the polymer backbone. Using a stepwise approach, first a polyimine network is formed by polymerization of the tetrafunctional amine tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)methane. This polyimine network is converted in the second step into polyimidazolium chloride and finally to a polyNHC network. Furthermore a porous Cu(II)-coordinated polyNHC network can be generated. Supercritical drying generates polymer networks with high permanent surface areas and porosities which can be applied for different catalytic reactions. The catalytic properties were demonstrated for example in the activation of CO2 or in the deoxygenation of sulfoxides to the corresponding sulfides. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c2py20947k SN - 1759-9954 VL - 4 IS - 6 SP - 1848 EP - 1856 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thiel, Kerstin A1 - Zehbe, Rolf A1 - Roesner, Jerômé A1 - Strauch, Peter A1 - Enthaler, Stephan A1 - Thomas, Arne T1 - A polymer analogous reaction for the formation of imidazolium and NHC based porous polymer networks N2 - A polymer analogous reaction was carried out to generate a porous polymeric network with N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) in the polymer backbone. Using a stepwise approach, first a polyimine network is formed by polymerization of the tetrafunctional amine tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)methane. This polyimine network is converted in the second step into polyimidazolium chloride and finally to a polyNHC network. Furthermore a porous Cu(II)-coordinated polyNHC network can be generated. Supercritical drying generates polymer networks with high permanent surface areas and porosities which can be applied for different catalytic reactions. The catalytic properties were demonstrated for example in the activation of CO2 or in the deoxygenation of sulfoxides to the corresponding sulfides. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2013/py/c2py20947k U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C2PY20947K ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thiede, Rasmus Christoph A1 - Sobel, Edward A1 - Chen, Jie A1 - Schoenbohm, Lindsay M. A1 - Stockli, Daniel F. A1 - Sudo, Masafumi A1 - Strecker, Manfred T1 - Late Cenozoic extension and crustal doming in the India-Eurasia collision zone new thermochronologic constraints from the NE Chinese Pamir JF - Tectonics N2 - The northward motion of the Pamir indenter with respect to Eurasia has resulted in coeval thrusting, strike-slip faulting, and normal faulting. The eastern Pamir is currently deformed by east-west oriented extension, accompanied by uplift and exhumation of the Kongur Shan (7719m) and Muztagh Ata (7546m) gneiss domes. Both domes are an integral part of the footwall of the Kongur Shan extensional fault system (KES), a 250 km long, north-south oriented graben. Why active normal faulting within the Pamir is primarily localized along the KES and not distributed more widely throughout the orogen has remained unclear. In addition, relatively little is known about how deformation has evolved throughout the Cenozoic, despite refined estimates on present-day crustal deformation rates and microseismicity, which indicate where crustal deformation is presently being accommodated. To better constrain the spatiotemporal evolution of faulting along the KES, we present 39 new apatite fission track, zircon U-Th-Sm/He, and Ar-40/Ar-39 cooling ages from a series of footwall transects along the KES graben shoulder. Combining these data with present-day topographic relief, 1-D thermokinematic and exhumational modeling documents successive stages, rather than synchronous deformation and gneiss dome exhumation. While the exhumation of the Kongur Shan commenced during the late Miocene, extensional processes in the Muztagh Ata massif began earlier and have slowed down since the late Miocene. We present a new model of synorogenic extension suggesting that thermal and density effects associated with a lithospheric tear fault along the eastern margin of the subducting Alai slab localize extensional upper plate deformation along the KES and decouple crustal motion between the central/western Pamir and eastern Pamir/Tarim basin. KW - Pamir KW - gneiss domes KW - collision KW - extension KW - thermochronology KW - exhumation Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/tect.20050 SN - 0278-7407 VL - 32 IS - 3 SP - 763 EP - 779 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thiede, Rasmus Christoph A1 - Ehlers, Todd T1 - Large spatial and temporal variations in Himalayan denudation JF - Earth & planetary science letters N2 - In the last decade growing interest has emerged in quantifying the spatial and temporal variations in mountain building. Until recently, insufficient data have been available to attempt such a task at the scale of large orogens such as the Himalaya. The Himalaya accommodates ongoing convergence between India and Eurasia and is a focal point for studying orogen evolution and hypothesized interactions between tectonics and climate. Here we integrate 1126 published bedrock mineral cooling ages with a transient 1D Monte-Carlo thermal-kinematic erosion model to quantify the denudation histories along similar to 2700 km of the Himalaya. The model free parameter is a temporally variable denudation rate from 50 Ma to present. Thermophysical material properties and boundary conditions were tuned to individual study areas. Monte-Carlo simulations were conducted to identify the range of denudation histories that can reproduce the observed cooling ages. Results indicate large temporal and spatial variations in denudation and these are resolvable across different tectonic units of the Himalaya. More specifically, across > 1000 km of the southern Greater Himalaya denudation rates were highest (similar to 1.5-3 mm/yr) between similar to 10 and 2 Ma and lower (0.5-2.6 mm/yr) over the last 2 My. These differences are best determined in the NW-Himalaya. In contrast to this, across the similar to 2500 km length of the northern Greater Himalaya denudation rates vary over length scales of similar to 300-1700 km. Slower denudation (<1 mm/yr) occurred between 10 and 4 Ma followed by a large increase (1.2-2.6 mm/yr) in the last similar to 4 Ma. We find that only the southern Greater Himalayan Sequence clearly supports a continuous co-evolution of tectonics, climate and denudation. Results from the higher elevation northern Greater Himalaya suggest either tectonic driven variations in denudation due to a ramp-flat geometry in the main decollement and/or recent glacially enhanced denudation. KW - Himalaya KW - exhumation KW - low temperature chronology KW - thermal modeling KW - erosion Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.03.004 SN - 0012-821X VL - 371 IS - 2 SP - 278 EP - 293 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Theves, Matthias A1 - Taktikos, Johannes A1 - Zaburdaev, Vasily A1 - Stark, Holger A1 - Beta, Carsten T1 - A bacterial swimmer with two alternating speeds of propagation JF - Biophysical journal N2 - We recorded large data sets of swimming trajectories of the soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida. Like other prokaryotic swimmers, P. putida exhibits a motion pattern dominated by persistent runs that are interrupted by turning events. An in-depth analysis of their swimming trajectories revealed that the majority of the turning events is characterized by an angle of phi(1) = 180 degrees (reversals). To a lesser extent, turning angles of phi(2 Sigma Sigma Sigma Sigma) = 00 are also found. Remarkably, we observed that, upon a reversal, the swimming speed changes by a factor of two on average a prominent feature of the motion pattern that, to our knowledge, has not been reported before. A theoretical model, based on the experimental values for the average run time and the rotational diffusion, recovers the mean-square displacement of P. putida if the two distinct swimming speeds are taken into account. Compared to a swimmer that moves with a constant intermediate speed, the mean-square displacement is strongly enhanced. We furthermore observed a negative dip in the directional autocorrelation at intermediate times, a feature that is only recovered in an extended model, where the nonexponential shape of the run-time distribution is taken into account. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2013.08.047 SN - 0006-3495 SN - 1542-0086 VL - 105 IS - 8 SP - 1915 EP - 1924 PB - Cell Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thete, Aniket A1 - Rojas, Oscar A1 - Neumeyer, David A1 - Koetz, Joachim A1 - Dujardin, Erik T1 - Ionic liquid-assisted morphosynthesis of gold nanorods using polyethyleneimine-capped seeds JF - RSC Advances N2 - Seed-mediated gold nanorods with tunable lengths are prepared using new polyethyleneimine-capped gold nanoparticles synthesized in ionic liquid. The effect of polyethyleneimine and ionic liquid during nanorod growth is investigated and shows a marked effect on their final aspect ratio. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra22112a SN - 2046-2069 VL - 3 IS - 34 SP - 14294 EP - 14298 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thete, Aniket A1 - Rojas, Oscar A1 - Neumeyer, David A1 - Koetz, Joachim A1 - Dujardin, Erik T1 - Ionic liquid-assisted morphosynthesis of gold nanorods using polyethyleneimine-capped seeds N2 - Seed-mediated gold nanorods with tunable lengths are prepared using new polyethyleneimine-capped gold nanoparticles synthesized in ionic liquid. The effect of polyethyleneimine and ionic liquid during nanorod growth is investigated and shows a marked effect on their final aspect ratio. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2013/ra/c3ra22112a U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C3RA22112A ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thamm, Markus A1 - Rolke, Daniel A1 - Jordan, Nadine A1 - Balfanz, Sabine A1 - Schiffer, Christian A1 - Baumann, Arnd A1 - Blenau, Wolfgang T1 - Function and distribution of 5-HT2 receptors in the honeybee (apis mellifera) JF - PLoS one N2 - Background: Serotonin plays a pivotal role in regulating and modulating physiological and behavioral processes in both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the honeybee (Apis mellifera), serotonin has been implicated in division of labor, visual processing, and learning processes. Here, we present the cloning, heterologous expression, and detailed functional and pharmacological characterization of two honeybee 5-HT2 receptors. Methods: Honeybee 5-HT2 receptor cDNAs were amplified from brain cDNA. Recombinant cell lines were established constitutively expressing receptor variants. Pharmacological properties of the receptors were investigated by Ca2+ imaging experiments. Quantitative PCR was applied to explore the expression patterns of receptor mRNAs. Results: The honeybee 5-HT2 receptor class consists of two subtypes, Am5-HT2 alpha and Am5-HT2 beta. Each receptor gene also gives rise to alternatively spliced mRNAs that possibly code for truncated receptors. Only activation of the full-length receptors with serotonin caused an increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. The effect was mimicked by the agonists 5-methoxytryptamine and 8-OH-DPAT at low micromolar concentrations. Receptor activities were blocked by established 5-HT receptor antagonists such as clozapine, methiothepin, or mianserin. High transcript numbers were detected in exocrine glands suggesting that 5-HT2 receptors participate in secretory processes in the honeybee. Conclusions: This study marks the first molecular and pharmacological characterization of two 5-HT2 receptor subtypes in the same insect species. The results presented should facilitate further attempts to unravel central and peripheral effects of serotonin mediated by these receptors. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0082407 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 8 IS - 12 PB - PLoS CY - San Fransisco ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thaidigsmann, Karoline T1 - Augenprosa BT - Arkadij Babčenkos Erzählungen aus dem Tschetschenienkrieg JF - Verbrechen - Fiktion - Vermarktung : Gewalt in den zeitgenössischen slavischen Literaturen Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-69447 SP - 315 EP - 330 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tepper-Garcia, Thor A1 - Richter, Philipp A1 - Schaye, Joop T1 - Absorption signatures of warm-hot gas at low redshift - ne viii JF - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society N2 - At z < 1 a large fraction of the baryons is thought to reside in diffuse gas that has been shock-heated to high temperatures (10 (5)-10 (6) K). Absorption by the 770.41, 780.32 A doublet of Ne viii in quasar spectra represents a unique tool to study this elusive warm-hot phase. We have developed an analytic model for the properties of Ne viii absorbers that allows for an inhomogeneous metal distribution. Our model agrees with the predictions of a simulation from the OverWhelmingly Large Simulations project indicating that the average line-of-sight metal-filling fraction within the absorbing gas is low (c(L) similar to 0.1). Most of the Ne viii in our model is produced in low-density, collisionally ionized gas (n(H) = 10(-6)-10(-4) cm(-3), T = 10 (5)-10 (6) K). Strong Ne viii absorbers (log(10)(N-NeVIII/cm(-2))14), like those recently detected by Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph, are found to arise in higher density gas (n(H) greater than or similar to 10(-4) cm(-3), T approximate to 5 x 10 (5) K). Ne viii cloudlets harbour only 1 per cent of the cosmic baryon budget. The baryon content of the surrounding gas (which has similar densities and temperatures as the Ne viii cloudlets) is a factor c(-1)L higher. We conclude that Ne viii absorbers are robust probes of shock-heated diffuse gas, but that spectra with signal-to-noise ratios S/N > 100 would be required to detect the bulk of the baryons in warm-hot gas. KW - methods: analytical KW - methods: numerical KW - galaxies: formation KW - intergalactic medium KW - quasars: absorption lines KW - cosmology: theory Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt1712 SN - 0035-8711 SN - 1365-2966 VL - 436 IS - 3 SP - 2063 EP - 2081 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tepel, Martin A1 - Armbruster, Franz Paul A1 - Groen, Hans Juergen A1 - Scholze, Alexandra A1 - Reichetzeder, Christoph A1 - Roth, Heinz Jürgen A1 - Hocher, Berthold T1 - Nonoxidized, biologically active parathyroid hormone determines mortality in hemodialysis patients JF - The journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism N2 - Background: It was shown that nonoxidized PTH (n-oxPTH) is bioactive, whereas the oxidation of PTH results in a loss of biological activity. Methods: In this study we analyzed the association of n-oxPTH on mortality in hemodialysis patients using a recently developed assay system. Results: Hemodialysis patients (224 men, 116 women) had a median age of 66 years. One hundred seventy patients (50%) died during the follow-up period of 5 years. Median n-oxPTH levels were higher in survivors (7.2 ng/L) compared with deceased patients (5.0 ng/L; P = .002). Survival analysis showed an increased survival in the highest n-oxPTH tertile compared with the lowest n-oxPTH tertile (chi(2), 14.3; P = 0008). Median survival was 1702 days in the highest n-oxPTH tertile, whereas it was only 453 days in the lowest n-oxPTH tertile. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression showed that higher age increased odds for death, whereas higher n-oxPTH reduced the odds for death. Another model analyzing a subgroup of patients with intact PTH (iPTH) concentrations at baseline above the upper normal range of the iPTH assay (70 ng/L) revealed that mortality in this subgroup was associated with oxidized PTH but not with n-oxPTH levels. Conclusions: The predictive power of n-oxPTH and iPTH on the mortality of hemodialysis patients differs substantially. Measurements of n-oxPTH may reflect the hormone status more precisely. The iPTH-associated mortality is most likely describing oxidative stress-related mortality. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-2139 SN - 0021-972X SN - 1945-7197 VL - 98 IS - 12 SP - 4744 EP - 4751 PB - Endocrine Society CY - Chevy Chase ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tentschert, J. A1 - Draude, F. A1 - Jungnickel, H. A1 - Haase, A. A1 - Mantion, Alexandre A1 - Galla, S. A1 - Thuenemann, Andreas F. A1 - Taubert, Andreas A1 - Luch, A. A1 - Arlinghaus, H. F. T1 - TOF-SIMS analysis of cell membrane changes in functional impaired human macrophages upon nanosilver treatment JF - Surface and interface analysis : an international journal devoted to the development and application of techniques for the analysis surfaces, interfaces and thin films N2 - Silver nanoparticles (SNP) are among the most commercialized nanoparticles. Here, we show that peptide-coated SNP cause functional impairment of human macrophages. A dose-dependent inhibition of phagocytosis is observed after nanoparticle treatment, and pretreatment of cells with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) can counteract the phagocytosis disturbances caused by SNP. Using the surface-sensitive mode of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, in combination with multivariate statistical methods, we studied the composition of cell membranes in human macrophages upon exposure to SNP with and without NAC preconditioning. This method revealed characteristic changes in the lipid pattern of the cellular membrane outer leaflet in those cells challenged by SNP. Statistical analyses resulted in 19 characteristic ions, which can be used to distinguish between NAC pretreated and untreated macrophages. The present study discusses the assignments of surface cell membrane phospholipids for the identified ions and the resulting changes in the phospholipid pattern of treated cells. We conclude that the adverse effects in human macrophages caused by SNP can be partially reversed through NAC administration. Some alterations, however, remained. KW - silver nanoparticles KW - lipidomics KW - N-acetyl cysteine KW - phagocytosis KW - oxidative stress Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.5155 SN - 0142-2421 VL - 45 IS - 1 SP - 483 EP - 485 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Temirbayev, Amirkhan A. A1 - Nalibayev, Yerkebulan D. A1 - Zhanabaev, Zeinulla Zh. A1 - Ponomarenko, Vladimir I. A1 - Rosenblum, Michael T1 - Autonomous and forced dynamics of oscillator ensembles with global nonlinear coupling an experimental study JF - Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics N2 - We perform experiments with 72 electronic limit-cycle oscillators, globally coupled via a linear or nonlinear feedback loop. While in the linear case we observe a standard Kuramoto-like synchronization transition, in the nonlinear case, with increase of the coupling strength, we first observe a transition to full synchrony and then a desynchronization transition to a quasiperiodic state. However, in this state the ensemble remains coherent so that the amplitude of the mean field is nonzero, but the frequency of the mean field is larger than frequencies of all oscillators. Next, we analyze effects of common periodic forcing of the linearly or nonlinearly coupled ensemble and demonstrate regimes when the mean field is entrained by the force whereas the oscillators are not. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.87.062917 SN - 1539-3755 SN - 1550-2376 VL - 87 IS - 6 PB - American Physical Society CY - College Park ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tekken, Vera A1 - Costa, Luís Fílípe Carvalho da A1 - Kropp, Jürgen T1 - Increasing pressure, declining water and climate change in north-eastern Morocco JF - Journal of coastal conservation : planning and management N2 - The coastal stretch of north-eastern Mediterranean Morocco holds vitally important ecological, social, and economic functions. The implementation of large-scale luxury tourism resorts shall push socio-economic development and facilitate the shift from a mainly agrarian to a service economy. Sufficient water availability and intact beaches are among the key requirements for the successful realization of regional development plans. The water situation is already critical, additional water-intense sectors could overstrain the capacity of water resources. Further, coastal erosion caused by sea-level rise is projected. Regional climate change is observable, and must be included in regional water management. Long-term climate trends are assessed for the larger region (Moulouya basin) and for the near-coastal zone at Saidia. The amount of additional water demand is assessed for the large-dimensioned Saidia resort; including the monthly, seasonal and annual tourist per capita water need under inclusion of irrigated golf courses and garden areas. A shift of climate patterns is observed, a lengthening of the dry summer season, and as well a significant decline of annual precipitation. Thus, current water scarcity is mainly human-induced; however, climate change will aggravate the situation. As a consequence, severe environmental damage due to water scarcity is likely and could impinge on the quality of local tourism. The re-adjustment of current management routines is therefore essential. Possible adjustments are discussed and the analysis concludes with management recommendations for innovative regional water management of tourism facilities. KW - North-eastern Morocco KW - Climate change KW - Coastal zone KW - Luxury tourism KW - Water demand KW - Adaptation Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-013-0234-7 SN - 1400-0350 VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 379 EP - 388 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Techen, Anne A1 - Czapla, Sylvia A1 - Möllnitz, Kristian A1 - Budach, Dennis B. A1 - Wessig, Pablo A1 - Kumke, Michael Uwe T1 - Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of fluorophore-labeled oligospiroketal rods JF - Helvetica chimica acta N2 - Fluorescence probes consisting of well-established fluorophores in combination with rigid molecular rods based on spirane-type structures were investigated with respect to their fluorescence properties under different solvent conditions. The attachment of the dyes was accomplished by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between alkynes and azides (click' reaction) and is a prime example for a novel class of sensor constructs. Especially, the attachment of two (different) fluorophores on opposite sides of the molecular rods paves the way to new sensor systems with less bulky (compared to the conventional DNA- or protein-based concepts), nevertheless rigid spacer constructs, e.g., for FRET-based sensing applications. A detailed photophysical characterization was performed in MeOH (and in basic H2O/MeOH mixtures) for i) rod constructs containing carboxyfluorescein, ii) rod constructs containing carboxyrhodamine, iii) rod constructs containing both carboxyfluorescein and carboxyrhodamine, and iv) rod constructs containing both pyrene and perylene parts. For each dye (pair), two rod lengths with different numbers of spirane units were synthesized and investigated. The rod constructs were characterized in ensemble as well as single-molecule fluorescence experiments with respect to i) specific roddye and ii) dyedye interactions. In addition to MeOH and MeOH/NaOH, the rod constructs were also investigated in micellar systems, which were chosen as a simplified model for membranes. KW - Molecular rods KW - Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) KW - Carboxyfluorescein KW - Carboxyrhodamine KW - Pyrene KW - Perylene KW - Fluorescence Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/hlca.201200616 SN - 0018-019X SN - 1522-2675 VL - 96 IS - 11 SP - 2046 EP - 2067 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Taylan, Mehmet Sait A1 - Di Russo, Claudio A1 - Rampini, Mauro A1 - Ketmaier, Valerio T1 - Molecular systematics of the genus Troglophilus (Rhaphidophoridae, Orthoptera) in Turkey mitochondrial 16S rDNA evidences JF - ZooKeys N2 - This study focuses on the evolutionary relationships among Turkish species of the cave cricket genus Troglophilus. Fifteen populations were studied for sequence variation in a fragment (543 base pairs) of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 16S rDNA gene (16S) to reconstruct their phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history. Genetic data retrieved three main clades and at least three divergent lineages that could not be attributed to any of the taxa known for the area. Molecular time estimates suggest that the diversification of the group took place between the Messinian and the Plio-Pleistocene. KW - Troglophilus KW - Rhaphidophoridae KW - Orthoptera KW - 16S rDNA KW - mitochondrial DNA KW - molecular systematics KW - cave crickets Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.257.4133 SN - 1313-2989 IS - 257 SP - 33 EP - 46 PB - Pensoft Publ. CY - Sofia ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tanentzap, Andrew J. A1 - Lee, William G. A1 - Schulz, Katharina A. C. T1 - Niches drive peaked and positive relationships between diversity and disturbance in natural ecosystems JF - Ecosphere : the magazine of the International Ecology University N2 - A unified understanding of the relationship between disturbance and biodiversity is needed to predict biotic responses to global change. Recent advances have identified the need to deconstruct traditional models of disturbance into intensity and frequency to reconcile empirical studies that appear to generate contradictory associations between species diversity and disturbance. We integrate results from theoretical simulation modelling, field-based surveys of 5176 vegetation plots from 48 transects across 6 sites, and experimental pot-based manipulations of flooding to identify how disturbance drives species diversity within ephemeral wetlands in South Island, New Zealand. We find empirical, hump-shaped and positive relationships between species diversity and both disturbance intensity and frequency, mirroring patterns from a simulation model in which species differed in their demographic responses to disturbance. More generally, our simulations show that the relationships between diversity and disturbance shift from positive to hump-shaped to negative as species that are favored at low disturbance because of their resistance strategies, defined by low mortality and recruitment, decline within communities relative to resilient species. Resilient species with higher mortality and recruitment rates are instead favored as disturbance intensity and frequency intensify. Our theoretical findings suggest that sites must also have a third group of unique species with intermediate resilience and resistance. Analyses of community composition along our disturbance gradients support this prediction, emphasizing that shifts in community-level resistance and resilience drive empirical associations between diversity and disturbance. Overall, terrestrial plants may be unable to resist intense and frequent flooding, even with specialized traits. Only fast-growing species with high regeneration from seed may respond once flooding subsides and dominate community composition in these situations, especially on nutrient-rich soils. However, different strategies can co-occur at intermediate disturbance, ultimately increasing species richness. As disturbances become more pervasive globally, our results suggest that differences in the niches of species, rather than demographic stochasticity, drive biodiversity patterns. These niche-based processes may especially prevail, without accompanying losses in species richness, where sites are initially dominated by resistant taxa or life history strategies that balance resistance and resilience. KW - beta-diversity KW - coexistence KW - community structure KW - functional traits KW - intermediate disturbance hypothesis KW - neutral theory KW - trade-offs Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1890/ES13-00102.1 SN - 2150-8925 VL - 4 IS - 11 PB - Wiley CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Talukder, Srijeeta A1 - Sen, Shrabani A1 - Metzler, Ralf A1 - Banik, Suman K. A1 - Chaudhury, Pinaki T1 - Stochastic optimization-based study of dimerization kinetics JF - JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES N2 - We investigate the potential of numerical algorithms to decipher the kinetic parameters involved in multi-step chemical reactions. To this end, we study dimerization kinetics of protein as a model system. We follow the dimerization kinetics using a stochastic simulation algorithm and combine it with three different optimization techniques (genetic algorithm, simulated annealing and parallel tempering) to obtain the rate constants involved in each reaction step. We find good convergence of the numerical scheme to the rate constants of the process. We also perform a sensitivity test on the reaction kinetic parameters to see the relative effects of the parameters for the associated profile of the monomer/dimer distribution. KW - Stochastic optimization KW - dimerization kinetics KW - sensitivity analysis KW - stochastic simulation algorithm KW - probability distribution function Y1 - 2013 SN - 0974-3626 SN - 0973-7103 VL - 125 IS - 6 SP - 1619 EP - 1627 PB - INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES CY - BANGALORE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - tAliu, E. A1 - Archambault, S. A1 - Arlen, T. A1 - Aune, T. A1 - Beilicke, M. A1 - Benbow, W. A1 - Bird, R. A1 - Bouvier, A. A1 - Bradbury, S. M. A1 - Buckley, J. H. A1 - Bugaev, V. A1 - Byrum, K. A1 - Cannon, A. A1 - Cesarini, A. A1 - Ciupik, L. A1 - Collins-Hughes, E. A1 - Connolly, M. P. A1 - Cui, W. A1 - Dickherber, R. A1 - Duke, C. A1 - Dumm, J. A1 - Dwarkadas, Vikram V. A1 - Errando, M. A1 - Falcone, A. A1 - Federici, Simone A1 - Feng, Q. A1 - Finley, J. P. A1 - Finnegan, G. A1 - Fortson, L. A1 - Furniss, A. A1 - Galante, N. A1 - Gall, D. A1 - Gillanders, G. H. A1 - Godambe, S. A1 - Gotthelf, E. V. A1 - Griffin, S. A1 - Grube, J. A1 - Gyuk, G. A1 - Hanna, D. A1 - Holder, J. A1 - Huan, H. A1 - Hughes, G. A1 - Humensky, T. B. A1 - Kaaret, P. A1 - Karlsson, N. A1 - Kertzman, M. A1 - Khassen, Y. A1 - Kieda, D. A1 - Krawczynski, H. A1 - Krennrich, F. A1 - Lang, M. J. A1 - Lee, K. A1 - Madhavan, A. S. A1 - Maier, G. A1 - Majumdar, P. A1 - McArthur, S. A1 - McCann, A. A1 - Millis, J. A1 - Moriarty, P. A1 - Mukherjee, R. A1 - Nelson, T. A1 - de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain A1 - Ong, R. A. A1 - Orr, M. A1 - Otte, A. N. A1 - Pandel, D. A1 - Park, N. A1 - Perkins, J. S. A1 - Pohl, Martin A1 - Popkow, A. A1 - Prokoph, H. A1 - Quinn, J. A1 - Ragan, K. A1 - Reyes, L. C. A1 - Reynolds, P. T. A1 - Roache, E. A1 - Rose, H. J. A1 - Ruppel, Jens A1 - Saxon, D. B. A1 - Schroedter, M. A1 - Sembroski, G. H. A1 - Sentuerk, G. D. A1 - Skole, C. A1 - Telezhinsky, Igor O. A1 - Tesic, G. A1 - Theiling, M. A1 - Thibadeau, S. A1 - Tsurusaki, K. A1 - Tyler, J. A1 - Varlotta, A. A1 - Vassiliev, V. V. A1 - Vincent, S. A1 - Wakely, S. P. A1 - Ward, J. E. A1 - Weekes, T. C. A1 - Weinstein, A. A1 - Weisgarber, T. A1 - Welsing, R. A1 - Williams, D. A. A1 - Zitzer, B. T1 - Discovery of TeV Gamma-Ray emission toward supernova remnant SNR G78.2+2.1 JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics N2 - We report the discovery of an unidentified, extended source of very-high-energy gamma-ray emission, VER J2019+407, within the radio shell of the supernova remnant SNR G78.2+2.1, using 21.4 hr of data taken by the VERITAS gamma-ray observatory in 2009. These data confirm the preliminary indications of gamma-ray emission previously seen in a two-year (2007-2009) blind survey of the Cygnus region by VERITAS. VER J2019+407, which is detected at a post-trials significance of 7.5 standard deviations in the 2009 data, is localized to the northwestern rim of the remnant in a region of enhanced radio and X-ray emission. It has an intrinsic extent of 0 degrees.23 +/- 0 degrees.03(stat-0 degrees.02sys)(+0 degrees.04) and its spectrum is well-characterized by a differential power law (dN/dE = N-0 x (E/TeV)-Gamma) with a photon index of Gamma = 2.37 +/- 0.14(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and a flux normalization of N-0 = 1.5 +/- 0.2(stat) +/- 0.4(sys) x 10(-12) photon TeV-1 cm(-2) s(-1). This yields an integral flux of 5.2 +/- 0.8(stat) +/- 1.4(sys) x 10(-12) photon cm(-2) s(-1) above 320 GeV, corresponding to 3.7% of the Crab Nebula flux. We consider the relationship of the TeV gamma-ray emission with the GeV gamma-ray emission seen from SNR G78.2+2.1 as well as that seen from a nearby cocoon of freshly accelerated cosmic rays. Multiple scenarios are considered as possible origins for the TeV gamma-ray emission, including hadronic particle acceleration at the SNR shock. KW - acceleration of particles KW - cosmic rays KW - gamma rays: general KW - ISM: supernova remnants Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/770/2/93 SN - 0004-637X VL - 770 IS - 2 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Taft, Linda A1 - Wiechert, Uwe A1 - Zhang, Hucai A1 - Lei, Guoliang A1 - Mischke, Steffen A1 - Plessen, Birgit A1 - Weynell, Marc A1 - Winkler, Andreas A1 - Riedel, Frank T1 - Oxygen and carbon isotope patterns archived in shells of the aquatic gastropod Radix - hydrologic and climatic signals across the Tibetan Plateau in sub-monthly resolution JF - Quaternary international : the journal of the International Union for Quaternary Research N2 - The Tibetan Plateau (TP), including its surrounding mountain ranges, represents the largest store of ice outside the polar regions. It hosts numerous lakes as well as the head waters of major Asian rivers, on which billions of people depend, and it is particularly sensitive to climate change. The moisture transport to the TP is controlled by the Indian and Pacific monsoon and the Westerlies. Understanding the evolution of the interaction of these circulation systems requires studies on climate archives in different spatial and temporal contexts. The objective of this study is to learn more about the interannual variability of precipitation patterns across the TP and how different hydrologic systems react to different climatic factors. Aragonite shells of the aquatic gastropod Radix, which is widely distributed in the region, may represent suitable archives for inferring hydrologic and climatic signals in particularly high resolution. Therefore, sclerochronological studies of delta O-18 and delta C-13 ratios in Radix shells from seven lakes were conducted, each representing a different hydrologic and climatic setting, on a transect from the Pamirs across the TP. The shell patterns exhibit an increasing influence of precipitation and a decreasing influence of evaporation on the isotope compositions from west to east. delta O-18 values of shells from lakes on the eastern and central TP (Donggi Cona, Yamdrok Yumco, Tarab Co) mirror monsoon signals, indicated by more negative values and higher variabilities compared to the more western lakes (Karakul, Bangong/Nyak, Manasarovar). In Yadang Co, located on the central southern TP, the monsoon rains did not reach the lake in the sampling year, although it is located in a region which is usually affected by monsoon circulation. The delta O-18 values are used to differentiate the annual hydrological cycle into ice cover period, melt water period, precipitation period and evaporation period. delta C-13 compositions in the shells particularly depend on specific habitats, which vary in biological productivity and in carbon sources. delta O-18 and delta C-13 patterns show a positive covariance in shells originating from large closed basins. The results show that Radix shells mirror general climatic differences between the seven lake regions. These differences reflect both regional and local climate signals in sub-seasonal resolution, without noticeable dependence on the particular lake system. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2012.10.031 SN - 1040-6182 VL - 290 IS - 1 SP - 282 EP - 298 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Szatmari, Istvan A1 - Heydenreich, Matthias A1 - Koch, Andreas A1 - Fulop, Ferenc A1 - Kleinpeter, Erich T1 - Unexpected isomerization of new naphth[1,3]oxazino[2,3-a] isoquinolines in solution, studied by dynamic NMR and supported by theoretical DFT computations JF - Tetrahedron N2 - Through the reactions of 1-aminomethyl-2-naphthol and substituted 1-aminobenzyl-2-naphthols with 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline or 6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline under microwave conditions, naphth[1,2-e][1,3]oxazino[2,3-a]-isoquinoline derivatives were prepared in good yields. The latter reaction was extended by using 2-aminoarylmethyl-1-naphthols, leading to isomeric naphth-[2,1-e][1,3]oxazino[2,3-a] isoquinolines. Beside the detailed NMR spectroscopic and theoretical study of both stereochemistry and dynamic behaviour of these new conformational flexible heterocyclic ring systems an unexpected dynamic process between two diastereomers was observed in solution, studied by variable temperature H-1 NMR spectroscopy and the mechanism proved by theoretical DFT computations. KW - 3,4-Dihydroisoquinoline KW - Aminonaphthol KW - Dynamic NMR spectroscopy KW - DFT calculations KW - Conformational analysis Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2013.06.094 SN - 0040-4020 VL - 69 IS - 35 SP - 7455 EP - 7465 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Swietza, Romy ED - Fritzsche, Tom ED - Meyer, Corinna B. ED - Adelt, Anne ED - Roß, Jennifer T1 - Fütterstörungen beim velokardiofazialen Syndrom JF - Spektrum Patholinguistik N2 - 1 Einleitung 2 Studie 3 Ausblick 4 Literatur Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68566 SN - 1866-9085 SN - 1866-9433 IS - 6 SP - 201 EP - 202 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Swierczynski, Tina A1 - Lauterbach, Stefan A1 - Dulski, Peter A1 - Delgado, Jose Miguel Martins A1 - Merz, Bruno A1 - Brauer, Achim T1 - Mid- to late holocene flood frequency changes in the northeastern Alps as recorded in varved sediments of Lake Mondsee (Upper Austria) JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal N2 - Annually laminated (varved) lake sediments with intercalated detrital layers resulting from sedimentary input by runoff events are ideal archives to establish precisely dated records of past extreme runoff events. In this study, the mid- to late Holocene varved sediments of Lake Mondsee (Upper Austria) were analysed by combining sedimentological, geophysical and geochemical methods. This approach allows to distinguish two types of detrital layers related to different types of extreme runoff events (floods and debris flows) and to detect changes in flood activity during the last 7100 years. In total, 271 flood and 47 debris flow layers, deposited during spring and summer, were identified, which cluster in 18 main flood episodes (FE 1-18) with durations of 30-50 years each. These main flood periods occurred during the Neolithic (7100-7050 vyr BP and 6470-4450 vyr BP), the late Bronze Age and the early Iron Age (3300-3250 and 2800-2750 vyr BP), the late Iron Age (2050-2000 vyr BP), throughout the Dark Ages Cold Period (1500-1200 vyr BP), and at the end of the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age (810-430 vyr BP). Summer flood episodes in Lake Mondsee are generally more abundant during the last 1500 years, often coinciding with major advances of Alpine glaciers. Prior to 1500 vyr BP, spring/summer floods and debris flows are generally less frequent, indicating a lower number of intense rainfall events that triggered erosion. In comparison with the increase of late Holocene flood activity in western and northwestern (NW) Europe, commencing already as early as 2800 yr BP, the hydro-meteorological shift in the Lake Mondsee region occurred much later. These time lags in the onset of increased hydrological activity might be either due to regional differences in atmospheric circulation pattern or to the sensitivity of the individual flood archives. The Lake Mondsee sediments represent the first precisely dated and several millennia long summer flood record for the northeastern (NE) Alps, a key region at the climatic boundary of Atlantic, Mediterranean and East European air masses, aiding a better understanding of regional and seasonal peculiarities of flood occurrence under changing climate conditions. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Varved lake sediments KW - Detrital layers KW - mu RF KW - Microfacies KW - Palaeofloods KW - Flood frequency Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.08.018 SN - 0277-3791 VL - 80 SP - 78 EP - 90 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Surlan, B. A1 - Hamann, Wolf-Rainer A1 - Aret, A. A1 - Kubat, Jiří A1 - Oskinova, Lida A1 - Torres, A. F. T1 - Macroclumping as solution of the discrepancy between Ha and P v mass loss diagnostics for O-type stars JF - ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS N2 - Context. Recent studies of O-type stars have demonstrated that discrepant mass-loss rates are obtained when different diagnostic methods are employed. Fitting the unsaturated UV resonance lines (e.g., P v) gives drastically lower values than obtained from the Ha emission. Wind inhomogeneity (so-called "clumping") may be the main cause of this discrepancy. Aims. In a previous paper, we presented 3D Monte-Carlo calculations for the formation of scattering lines in a clumped stellar wind. In the present paper we select five O-type supergiants (from 04 to 07) and test whether the reported discrepancies can be resolved this way. Methods. In the first step, the analyses started with simulating the observed spectra with Potsdam Wolf-Rayet (PoWR) non-LTE model atmospheres. The mass-loss rates are adjusted to fit to the observed Ha emission lines best. For the unsaturated UV resonance lines (i.e., P v) we then applied our 3D Monte-Carlo code, which can account for wind clumps of any optical depths ("macroclumping"), a non-void interclump medium, and a velocity dispersion inside the clumps. The ionization stratifications and underlying photospheric spectra were adopted from the PoWR models. The properties of the wind clumps were constrained by fitting the observed resonance line profiles. Results. Our results show that with the mass-loss rates that fit Ha (and other Balmer and He II lines), the UV resonance lines (especially the unsaturated doublet of P v) can also be reproduced with no problem when macroclumping is taken into account. There is no need to artificially reduce the mass-loss rates or to assume a subsolar phosphorus abundance or an extremely high clumping factor, unlike what was claimed by other authors. These consistent mass-loss rates are lower by a factor of 1.3 to 2.6, compared to the mass-loss rate recipe from Vink et al. Conclusions. Macroclumping resolves the previously reported discrepancy between Ha and P v mass-loss diagnostics. KW - stars: winds, outflows KW - stars: mass-loss KW - stars: early-type Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322390 SN - 0004-6361 SN - 1432-0746 VL - 559 PB - EDP SCIENCES S A CY - LES ULIS CEDEX A ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sun, Y. -P. A1 - Miao, Q. A1 - Pietzsch, Annette A1 - Hennies, F. A1 - Schmitt, T. A1 - Strocov, V. N. A1 - Andersson, Joakim A1 - Kennedy, B. A1 - Schlappa, J. A1 - Föhlisch, Alexander A1 - Gel&rsquo, A1 - mukhanov, F. A1 - Rubensson, J. -E. T1 - Interference between Resonant and Nonresonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering JF - PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS N2 - A detailed study of inelastic x-ray scattering from the ground state to the (3)Sigma(g)(3 sigma(-1)(g)3s(g)(1)) state of the O-2 molecule is presented. The observed angular anisotropy shows that the vibrational excitations within this final state are strongly dependent on the polarization of the incident radiation. The analysis demonstrates that this is a manifestation of interference between resonant and direct nonresonant inelastic x-ray scattering. This interference provides a new tool to monitor nuclear dynamics by relative rotation of the polarization vectors of the incident and scattered photons. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.223001 SN - 0031-9007 VL - 110 IS - 22 PB - AMER PHYSICAL SOC CY - COLLEGE PK ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sultanow, Eldar A1 - Weber, Edzard T1 - Pharmataxigraphie Model of a Hybrid System of RFID Technology and optical Methods JF - Die pharmazeutische Industrie Y1 - 2013 SN - 0031-711X VL - 75 IS - 7 SP - 1197 EP - + PB - Editio-Cantor-Verl. für Medizin und Naturwiss. CY - Aulendorf ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sulpice, Ronan A1 - Nikoloski, Zoran A1 - Tschoep, Hendrik A1 - Antonio, Carla A1 - Kleessen, Sabrina A1 - Larhlimi, Abdelhalim A1 - Selbig, Joachim A1 - Ishihara, Hirofumi A1 - Gibon, Yves A1 - Fernie, Alisdair R. A1 - Stitt, Mark T1 - Impact of the Carbon and Nitrogen Supply on Relationships and Connectivity between Metabolism and Biomass in a Broad Panel of Arabidopsis Accessions(1[W][OA]) JF - Plant physiology : an international journal devoted to physiology, biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, biophysics and environmental biology of plants N2 - Natural genetic diversity provides a powerful tool to study the complex interrelationship between metabolism and growth. Profiling of metabolic traits combined with network-based and statistical analyses allow the comparison of conditions and identification of sets of traits that predict biomass. However, it often remains unclear why a particular set of metabolites is linked with biomass and to what extent the predictive model is applicable beyond a particular growth condition. A panel of 97 genetically diverse Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions was grown in near-optimal carbon and nitrogen supply, restricted carbon supply, and restricted nitrogen supply and analyzed for biomass and 54 metabolic traits. Correlation-based metabolic networks were generated from the genotype-dependent variation in each condition to reveal sets of metabolites that show coordinated changes across accessions. The networks were largely specific for a single growth condition. Partial least squares regression from metabolic traits allowed prediction of biomass within and, slightly more weakly, across conditions (cross-validated Pearson correlations in the range of 0.27-0.58 and 0.21-0.51 and P values in the range of <0.001-<0.13 and <0.001-<0.023, respectively). Metabolic traits that correlate with growth or have a high weighting in the partial least squares regression were mainly condition specific and often related to the resource that restricts growth under that condition. Linear mixed-model analysis using the combined metabolic traits from all growth conditions as an input indicated that inclusion of random effects for the conditions improves predictions of biomass. Thus, robust prediction of biomass across a range of conditions requires condition-specific measurement of metabolic traits to take account of environment-dependent changes of the underlying networks. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.112.210104 SN - 0032-0889 SN - 1532-2548 VL - 162 IS - 1 SP - 347 EP - 363 PB - American Society of Plant Physiologists CY - Rockville ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sucharipa-Behrmann, Lilly T1 - „UN Women“ – die United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women BT - eine erste Bilanz JF - „UN Women“ – die United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women: eine erste Bilanz N2 - I. Entstehungsgeschichte II. Mandat III. Governance Structure IV. Arbeitsplan 2011 – 2013 V. Ergebnisse Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-101194 VL - 2013 IS - 10 SP - 47 EP - 57 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Su, Qin T1 - The Growth and Challenges of Small- and Medium-Sized Banks in China JF - Protokollband 2013 N2 - 1. Introduction 2. The growth of China’s SMBs and the changes of the banking market structure – a land of small- and medium-sized companies 2.1 The characteristics of China’s banking market structure 2.2 The growth of China’s SMBs 2.3 The changes of China’s banking market structure 3. The opportunities and challenges facing SMBs in China 3.1 Opportunities 3.2 Challenges 4. Conclusion Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68685 SP - 55 EP - 71 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sturm, R. A1 - Haberl, F. A1 - Oskinova, Lida A1 - Schurch, M. P. E. A1 - Henault-Brunet, V. A1 - Gallagher, J. S. A1 - Udalski, A. T1 - Long-term evolution of the neutron-star spin period of SXP1062 JF - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal N2 - Context. The Be/X-ray binary SXP 1062 is of especial interest owing to the large spin period of the neutron star, its large spin-down rate, and the association with a supernova remnant constraining its age. This makes the source an important probe for accretion physics. Aims. To investigate the long-term evolution of the spin period and associated spectral variations, we performed an XMM-Newton target-of-opportunity observation of SXP 1062 during X-ray outburst. Methods. Spectral and timing analysis of the XMM-Newton data was compared with previous studies, as well as complementary Swift/XRT monitoring and optical spectroscopy with the SALT telescope were obtained. Results. The spin period was measured to be P-s = (1071.01 +/- 0.16) s on 2012 Oct. 14. The X-ray spectrum is similar to that of previous observations. No convincing cyclotron absorption features, which could be indicative for a high magnetic field strength, are found. The high-resolution RGS spectra indicate the presence of emission lines, which may not completely be accounted for by the SNR emission. The comparison of multi-epoch optical spectra suggest an increasing size or density of the decretion disc around the Be star. Conclusions. SXP 1062 showed a net spin-down with an average of P-s = ( 2.27 +/- 0.44) s yr(-1) over a baseline of 915 days. KW - pulsars: individual: SXP1062 KW - galaxies: individual: Small Magellanic Cloud KW - stars: emission-line, Be KW - stars: neutron KW - X-rays: binaries Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201321755 SN - 0004-6361 VL - 556 IS - 4 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stright, Lisa A1 - Bernhardt, Anne A1 - Boucher, Alexandre T1 - DFTopoSim modeling topographically-controlled deposition of subseismic scale sandstone packages within a mass transport dominated deep-water channel belt JF - Mathematical geosciences : the official journal of the International Association for Mathematical Geosciences N2 - Facies bodies in geostatistical models of deep-water depositional environments generally represent channel-levee-overbank-lobe morphologies. Such models adequately capture one set of the erosional and depositional processes resulting from turbidity currents traveling downslope to the ocean basin floor. However, depositional morphologies diverge from the straight forward channel-levee-overbank-lobe paradigm when the topography of the slope or the shape of the basin impacts the timing and magnitude of turbidity current deposition. Subaqueous mass-transport-deposits (MTDs) present the need for an exception to the channel-levee-overbank-lobe archetype. Irregular surface topography of subaqueous MTDs can play a primary role in controlling sand deposition from turbidity currents. MTD topography creates mini-basins in which sand accumulates in irregularly-shaped deposits. These accumulations are difficult to laterally correlate using well-log data due to their variable and unpredictable shape and size. Prediction is further complicated because sandstone bodies typical of this setting are difficult to resolve in seismic-reflection data. An event-based model is presented, called DFTopoSim, which simulates debris flows and turbidity currents. The accommodation space on top of and between debris flow lobes is filled in by sand from turbidity currents. When applied to a subsurface case in the Molasse Basin of Upper Austria, DFTopoSim predicts sand packages consistent with observations from core, well, and seismic data and the interpretation of the sedimentologic processes. DFTopoSim expands the set of available geostatistical deep-water depositional models beyond the standard channel-levee-overbank-lobe model. KW - Geostatistics KW - Event-based modeling KW - Facies modeling KW - Deep-marine sedimentology KW - Submarine channel Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11004-013-9444-7 SN - 1874-8961 VL - 45 IS - 3 SP - 277 EP - 296 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Strauss, Angela T1 - Das preußische Militär auf Potsdamer und Berliner Stadtansichten : Bildquellen als Zugang zur Gesellschaft des späten 18. Jahrhunderts Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-506-77657-0 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Straschun, Boris A. T1 - Die verfassungsgerichtliche Kontrolle in Russland JF - Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in der Russischen Föderation und in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland : Rundtischgespräch an der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen Kutafin-Universität am 9. und 10. Oktober 2012 Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68374 SP - 145 EP - 152 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stoyanov, Hristiyan A1 - Kollosche, Matthias A1 - Risse, Sebastian A1 - Wache, Remi A1 - Kofod, Guggi T1 - Soft conductive elastomer materials for stretchable electronics and voltage controlled artificial muscles JF - Advanced materials N2 - Block copolymer elastomer conductors (BEC) are mixtures of block copolymers grafted with conducting polymers, which are found to support very large strains, while retaining a high level of conductivity. These novel materials may find use in stretchable electronics. The use of BEC is demonstrated in a capacitive strain sensor and in an artificial muscle of the dielectric elastomer actuator type, supporting more than 100% actuation strain and capacity strain sensitivity up to 300%. KW - soft electrical connections KW - stretchable electronics KW - elastic conductor KW - compliant electrodes Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201202728 SN - 0935-9648 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 578 EP - 583 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stockhorst, Stefanie T1 - Einleitung : Friedrich Nicolai und die "Freiheit [...] von seiner Vernunft in allen Stükken öffentlichen Gebrauch zu machen" Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-89971-909-3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stockhorst, Stefanie T1 - De mortuis et bonum et malum : Friedrich Nicolais Nekrologe auf seine Mit-Streiter Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-89971-909-3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stockhorst, Stefanie T1 - Ästhetik Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-8353-1255-5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stillmark, Hans-Christian T1 - Notbremsen, Skandale und Gespenster : Dramaturgien der Störung bei Brecht und Müller N2 - Der Beitrag wendet das kommunikative Prinzip Störung auf dramaturgische Verfahren an, die in der Literatur und am Theater in besonderer Weise zum Eingriff in die herrschenden Verhältnisse führen sollen. "ändere die Welt sie braucht es" - lautet das entsprechende Motto bei Brecht. Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-11-031298-0 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stillmark, Hans-Christian T1 - Zur Konstruktion von Identität in Wolfgang Hilbigs Roman "Ich" Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-2- 343-00344-3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stillmark, Hans-Christian T1 - Zu strukturalistischen und systemtheoretischen Perspektiven in der germanistischen Literaturwissenschaft der DDR Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-90-420-3653-6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stillmark, Hans-Christian T1 - Vorwort Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-8376-2530-1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stillmark, Hans-Christian T1 - Mors ex nihilo - ein Totentanz von Bert Papenfuss und Jörg Immendorff im Deutschland nach der Wende Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-8376-2530-1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stillmark, Hans-Christian T1 - Zur Konstruktion von Identität in Wolfgang Hilbigs Roman "Ich" N2 - Der Beitrag geht den Konstruktionen der Hauptfigur in Wolfgang Hilbigs Roman "Ich" nach und vergleicht Zuege des Romans mit einer frueheren Erzaehlung "Beschreibung II". Es wird zugleich auf uebergreifende Spannungen in Hilbigs Hauptperson verwiesen, die als alter ego seiner eigenen Situation erscheinen. Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-2- 343-00344-3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stillmark, Hans-Christian T1 - Wie es zu Kaschi aus der Asche kam : zu Wolfgang Hilbigs Herkunft aus dem Osten N2 - Der Beitrag geht den familialen Verflechtungen des Autors Wolfgang Hilbig nach, die sich in seinem Schreiben niedergeschlagen haben. Er stellt die östlichen Wurzeln und Bezüge heraus und zeigt dies als Spannungsfeld im Hilbigschen Werk. Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-86464-024-7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stillmark, Hans-Christian T1 - Zu strukturalistischen und systemtheoretischen Perspektiven in der germanistischen Literaturwissenschaft der DDR Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-90-420-3653-6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stich, Michael A1 - Casal, Alfonso A1 - Beta, Carsten T1 - Stabilization of standing waves through time-delay feedback JF - Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics N2 - Standing waves are studied as solutions of a complex Ginzburg-Landau equation subjected to local and global time-delay feedback terms. The onset is described as an instability of the uniform oscillations with respect to spatially periodic perturbations. The solution of the standing wave pattern is given analytically and studied through simulations. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.88.042910 SN - 1539-3755 SN - 1550-2376 VL - 88 IS - 4 PB - American Physical Society CY - College Park ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steinhorst, Lars T1 - Rechtsschutz bei überlangen Gerichtsverfahren vor dem Bundesverfassungsgericht JF - Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in der Russischen Föderation und in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland : Rundtischgespräch an der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen Kutafin-Universität am 9. und 10. Oktober 2012 N2 - Inhalt: I. Einleitung II. Einbeziehung des BVerfG und Sonderregelung für das verfassungsgerichtliche Verfahren III. Umfang und Voraussetzungen der Entschädigungsleistung IV. Verfahren Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68315 SP - 93 EP - 105 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steinert, Bastian A1 - Cassou, Damien A1 - Hirschfeld, Robert T1 - CoExist overcoming aversion to change preserving immediate access to source code and run-time information of previous development states JF - ACM SIGPLAN notices N2 - Programmers make many changes to the program to eventually find a good solution for a given task. In this course of change, every intermediate development state can of value, when, for example, a promising ideas suddenly turn out inappropriate or the interplay of objects turns out more complex than initially expected before making changes. Programmers would benefit from tool support that provides immediate access to source code and run-time of previous development states of interest. We present IDE extensions, implemented for Squeak/Smalltalk, to preserve, retrieve, and work with this information. With such tool support, programmers can work without worries because they can rely on tools that help them with whatever their explorations will reveal. They no longer have to follow certain best practices only to avoid undesired consequences of changing code. KW - Design KW - Experimentation KW - Human Factors KW - Continuous Testing KW - Continuous Versioning KW - Debugging KW - Evolution KW - Explore-first Programming KW - Fault Localization KW - Prototyping Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/2480360.2384591 SN - 0362-1340 VL - 48 IS - 2 SP - 107 EP - 117 PB - Association for Computing Machinery CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steindorff, Ludwig T1 - Strikt geregelt und bemessen BT - Die Tafel im Iosif-Kloster bei Volokolamsk um 1580 JF - Russische Küche und kulturelle Identität Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68030 SP - 277 EP - 302 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steiger, Dominik T1 - Deutschland im System kollektiver Sicherheit JF - Die UN-Politik deutschsprachiger Länder : 11. Potsdamer UNO-Konferenz am 30. Juni 2012 N2 - I. Einleitung II. Recht zum Einsatz – Das „ob“ der Beteiligung im System kollektiver Sicherheit III. Recht im Einsatz IV. Fazit und Schluss Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-101188 VL - 2013 IS - 10 SP - 31 EP - 45 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Steger, Jožica Čeh T1 - Gewaltphänomene in der slowenischen Literatur BT - die Kriegsgewalt und die Gewissensfragen JF - Verbrechen - Fiktion - Vermarktung : Gewalt in den zeitgenössischen slavischen Literaturen Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-69371 SP - 197 EP - 210 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stadler, Heike T1 - Bürgerbeteiligung durch ePetitionen BT - Ein Thema für das Bibliothekswesen? JF - LIBREAS: Library Ideas 22 (2013) Y1 - 2013 UR - https://edoc.hu-berlin.de/docviews/abstract.php?lang=ger&id=40038 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100208932 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18452/9031 VL - 22 SP - 58 EP - 60 PB - Institut für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Spätlich, Anja T1 - Bericht über die Tätigkeit des Menschenrechtsausschusses der Vereinten Nationen im Jahre 2012 BT - Teil I: Staatenberichte JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - I. Einführung II. Allgemeines aus dem Jahr 2012 III. Staatenberichtsverfahren 1. Einführung 2. Abschließende Bemerkungen zu den einzelnen Staatenberichten Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66316 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 42 EP - 58 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Spätlich, Anja T1 - Bericht über die Tätigkeit des Menschenrechtsausschusses der Vereinten Nationen im Jahre 2012 BT - Teil II: Individualbeschwerden JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Inhaltsübersicht I. Einführung II. Das Individualbeschwerdeverfahren III. Statistische Angaben IV. Zulässigkeitsfragen V. Vorläufiger Rechtsschutz VI. Materiellrechtliche Fragen Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70246 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 104 EP - 117 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sprinz, Detlef F. A1 - von Buenau, Steffen T1 - The Compensation Fund for Climate Impacts JF - WEATHER CLIMATE AND SOCIETY N2 - Climate change is very likely to lead to undesirable climate impacts. How to compensate for such negative impacts at the international level has, hitherto, received little attention. This article reviews the most frequently discussed grounds for legal obligations of states vis-a-vis climate impacts (damages) and concludes that no convincing mechanism has yet been found to compensate climate impacts. The authors outline an architecture for a voluntary, international compensation fund with specialized, independent climate courts. Subsequently, this article addresses three strategic considerations related to the fund, namely, the incentives for founding it, the merits of double proportionality with respect to contributions and payments, as well as the benefits of employing prediction markets to enhance trustworthiness. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-12-00010.1 SN - 1948-8327 SN - 1948-8335 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 210 EP - 220 PB - AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC CY - BOSTON ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Springer, Anne A1 - Parkinson, Jim A1 - Prinz, Wolfgang T1 - Action simulation: time course and representational mechanisms JF - FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY N2 - The notion of action simulation refers to the ability to re-enact foreign actions (i.e., actions observed in other individuals). Simulating others’ actions implies a mirroring of their activities, based on one’s own sensonmotor competencies. Here, we discuss theoretical and experimental approaches to action simulation and the study of its representational underpinnings. One focus of our discussion is on the timing of internal simulation and its relation to the timing of external action, and a paradigm that requires participants to predict the future course of actions that are temporarily occluded from view. We address transitions between perceptual mechanisms (referring to action representation before and after occlusion) and simulation mechanisms (referring to action representation during occlusion). Findings suggest that action simulation runs in real-time; acting on newly created action representations rather than relying on continuous visual extrapolations. A further focus of our discussion pertains to the functional characteristics of the mechanisms involved in predicting other people’s actions. We propose that two processes are engaged, dynamic updating and static matching, which may draw on both semantic and motor information. In a concluding section, we discuss these findings in the context of broader theoretical issues related to action and event representation, arguing that a detailed functional analysis of action simulation in cognitive, neural, and computational terms may help to further advance our understanding of action cognition and motor control. KW - action simulation KW - internal forward models KW - occlusion KW - point-light action KW - static matching KW - predictive coding Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00387 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 4 PB - FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION CY - LAUSANNE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Springer, Anne A1 - Brandstädter, Simone A1 - Prinz, Wolfgang T1 - Dynamic Simulation and Static Matching for Action Prediction : evidence from Body Part Priming JF - Cognitive science : a multidisciplinary journal of anthropology, artificial intelligence, education, linguistics, neuroscience, philosophy, psychology ; journal of the Cognitive Science Society N2 - Accurately predicting other people's actions may involve two processes: internal real-time simulation (dynamic updating) and matching recently perceived action images (static matching). Using a priming of body parts, this study aimed to differentiate the two processes. Specifically, participants played a motion-controlled video game with either their arms or legs. They then observed arm movements of a point-light actor, which were briefly occluded from view, followed by a static test pose. Participants judged whether this test pose depicted a coherent continuation of the previously seen action (i.e., action prediction task). Evidence of dynamic updating was obtained after compatible effector priming (i.e., arms), whereas incompatible effector priming (i.e., legs) indicated static matching. Together, the results support action prediction as engaging two distinct processes, dynamic simulation and static matching, and indicate that their relative contributions depend on contextual factors like compatibility of body parts involved in performed and observed action. KW - Action prediction KW - Internal simulation KW - Body part priming KW - Point-light action Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12044 SN - 0364-0213 VL - 37 IS - 5 SP - 936 EP - 952 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Speck, Janina A1 - Räuber, Christina A1 - Kükenshöner, Tim A1 - Niemöller, Christoph A1 - Mueller, Katelyn J. A1 - Schleberger, Paula A1 - Dondapati, Padmarupa A1 - Hecky, Jochen A1 - Arndt, Katja Maren A1 - Müller, Kristian M. T1 - TAT hitchhiker selection expanded to folding helpers, multimeric interactions and combinations with protein fragment complementation JF - Protein engineering design & selection N2 - The twin-arginine translocation (TAT) pathway of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane mediates translocation only of proteins that accomplished a native-like conformation. We deploy this feature in modular selection systems for directed evolution, in which folding helpers as well as dimeric or oligomeric proteinprotein interactions enable TAT-dependent translocation of the resistance marker TEM -lactamase (L). Specifically, we demonstrate and analyze selection of (i) enhancers for folding by direct TAT translocation selection of a target protein interposed between the TorA signal sequence and L, (ii) dimeric or oligomeric proteinprotein interactions by hitchhiker translocation (HiT) selection of proteins fused to the TorA signal sequence and to the L, respectively and (iii) heterotrimeric proteinprotein interactions by combining HiT with protein fragment complementation selection of proteins fused to two split L fragments and TorA, respectively. The lactamase fragments were additionally engineered for improved activity and stability. Applicability was benchmarked with interaction partners of known affinity and multimerization whereby cellular fitness correlated well with biophysical protein properties. Ultimately, the HiT selection was employed to identify peptides, which specifically bind to leukemia- and melanoma-relevant target proteins (MITF and ETO) by coiled-coil or tetra-helix-bundle formation with high affinity. The various versions of TAT selection led to inhibiting peptides (iPEPs) of disease-promoting interactions and enabled so far difficult to achieve selections. KW - HiT selection KW - NHR2 KW - TAT selection KW - three hybrid KW - two hybrid Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/protein/gzs098 SN - 1741-0126 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 225 EP - 242 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sommer, Michael A1 - Jochheim, H. A1 - Höhn, Axel A1 - Breuer, Jörn A1 - Zagorski, Z. A1 - Busse, J. A1 - Barkusky, Dietmar A1 - Meier, K. A1 - Puppe, D. A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Kaczorek, Danuta T1 - Si cycling in a forest biogeosystem - the importance of transient state biogenic Si pools JF - Biogeosciences N2 - The relevance of biological Si cycling for dissolved silica (DSi) export from terrestrial biogeosystems is still in debate. Even in systems showing a high content of weatherable minerals, like Cambisols on volcanic tuff, biogenic Si (BSi) might contribute > 50% to DSi (Gerard et al., 2008). However, the number of biogeosystem studies is rather limited for generalized conclusions. To cover one end of controlling factors on DSi, i.e., weatherable minerals content, we studied a forested site with absolute quartz dominance (> 95 %). Here we hypothesise minimal effects of chemical weathering of silicates on DSi. During a four year observation period (05/2007-04/2011), we quantified (i) internal and external Si fluxes of a temperate-humid biogeosystem (beech, 120 yr) by BIOME-BGC (version ZALF), (ii) related Si budgets, and (iii) Si pools in soil and beech, chemically as well as by SEM-EDX. For the first time two compartments of biogenic Si in soils were analysed, i.e., phytogenic and zoogenic Si pool (testate amoebae). We quantified an average Si plant uptake of 35 kg Si ha(-1) yr(-1) - most of which is recycled to the soil by litterfall - and calculated an annual biosilicification from idiosomic testate amoebae of 17 kg Si ha(-1). The comparatively high DSi concentrations (6 mg L-1) and DSi exports (12 kg Si ha(-1) yr(-1)) could not be explained by chemical weathering of feldspars or quartz dissolution. Instead, dissolution of a relictic, phytogenic Si pool seems to be the main process for the DSi observed. We identified canopy closure accompanied by a disappearance of grasses as well as the selective extraction of pine trees 30 yr ago as the most probable control for the phenomena observed. From our results we concluded the biogeosystem to be in a transient state in terms of Si cycling. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4991-2013 SN - 1726-4170 VL - 10 IS - 7 SP - 4991 EP - 5007 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sommer, Albrecht T1 - The European Financial Crisis, European Central Bank Policy, and the Deutsche Bundesbank JF - Protokollband 2013 Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68635 SP - 9 EP - 10 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Solly, Emily A1 - Schöning, Ingo A1 - Boch, Steffen A1 - Mueller, J. A1 - Socher, S. A. A1 - Trumbore, S. E. A1 - Schrumpf, M. T1 - Mean age of carbon in fine roots from temperate forests and grasslands with different management JF - Biogeosciences N2 - Fine roots are the most dynamic portion of a plant's root system and a major source of soil organic matter. By altering plant species diversity and composition, soil conditions and nutrient availability, and consequently belowground allocation and dynamics of root carbon (C) inputs, land-use and management changes may influence organic C storage in terrestrial ecosystems. In three German regions, we measured fine root radiocarbon (C-14) content to estimate the mean time since C in root tissues was fixed from the atmosphere in 54 grassland and forest plots with different management and soil conditions. Although root biomass was on average greater in grasslands 5.1 +/- 0.8 g (mean +/- SE, n = 27) than in forests 3.1 +/- 0.5 g (n = 27) (p < 0.05), the mean age of C in fine roots in forests averaged 11.3 +/- 1.8 yr and was older and more variable compared to grasslands 1.7 +/- 0.4 yr (p < 0.001). We further found that management affects the mean age of fine root C in temperate grasslands mediated by changes in plant species diversity and composition. Fine root mean C age is positively correlated with plant diversity (r = 0.65) and with the number of perennial species (r = 0.77). Fine root mean C age in grasslands was also affected by study region with averages of 0.7 +/- 0.1 yr (n= 9) on mostly organic soils in northern Germany and of 1.8 +/- 0.3 yr (n = 9) and 2.6 +/- 0.3 (n = 9) in central and southern Germany (p < 0.05). This was probably due to differences in soil nutrient contents and soil moisture conditions between study regions, which affected plant species diversity and the presence of perennial species. Our results indicate more long-lived roots or internal redistribution of C in perennial species and suggest linkages between fine root C age and management in grasslands. These findings improve our ability to predict and model belowground C fluxes across broader spatial scales. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4833-2013 SN - 1726-4170 VL - 10 IS - 7 SP - 4833 EP - 4843 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Socher, Stephanie A. A1 - Prati, Daniel A1 - Boch, Steffen A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Baumbach, Henryk A1 - Gockel, Sonja A1 - Hemp, Andreas A1 - Schöning, Ingo A1 - Wells, Konstans A1 - Buscot, Francois A1 - Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. A1 - Linsenmair, Karl Eduard A1 - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W. A1 - Fischer, Markus T1 - Interacting effects of fertilization, mowing and grazing on plant species diversity of 1500 grasslands in Germany differ between regions JF - Basic and applied ecology : Journal of the Gesellschaft für Ökologie N2 - The relationship of different types of grassland use with plant species richness and composition ( functional groups of herbs, legumes, and grasses) has so far been studied at small regional scales or comprising only few components of land use. We comprehensively studied the relationship between abandonment, fertilization, mowing intensity, and grazing by different livestock types on plant diversity and composition of 1514 grassland sites in three regions in North-East, Central and South-West Germany. We further considered environmental site conditions including soil type and topographical situation. Fertilized grasslands showed clearly reduced plant species diversity (-15% plant species richness, -0.1 Shannon diversity on fertilized grasslands plots of 16m(2)) and changed composition (-3% proportion of herb species), grazing had the second largest effects and mowing the smallest ones. Among the grazed sites, the ones grazed by sheep had higher than average species richness (+27%), and the cattle grazed ones lower (-42%). Further, these general results were strongly modulated by interactions between the different components of land use and by regional context: land-use effects differed largely in size and sometimes even in direction between regions. This highlights the importance of comparing different regions and to involve a large number of plots KW - Biodiversity exploratories KW - Functional groups KW - Land use type KW - Livestock type KW - Shannon diversity Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2012.12.003 SN - 1439-1791 VL - 14 IS - 2 SP - 126 EP - 136 PB - Elsevier CY - Jena ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sobel, Edward A1 - Chen, Jie A1 - Schoenbohm, Lindsay M. A1 - Thiede, Rasmus Christoph A1 - Stockli, Daniel F. A1 - Sudo, Masafumi A1 - Strecker, Manfred T1 - Oceanic-style subduction controls late Cenozoic deformation of the Northern Pamir orogen JF - Earth & planetary science letters N2 - The northern part of the Pamir orogen is the preeminent example of an active intracontinental subduction zone in the early stages of continent-continent collision. Such zones are the least understood type of plate boundaries because modern examples are few and of limited access, and ancient analogs have been extensively overprinted by subsequent tectonic and erosion processes. In the Pamir, it has been assumed that most of the plate convergence was accommodated by overthrusting along the plate-bounding Main Pamir Thrust (MPT), which forms the principal northern mountain and deformation front of the Pamir. However, the synopsis of our new and previously published thermochronologic data from this region shows that the hanging wall of the MPT experienced relatively minor amounts of late Cenozoic exhumation. The Pamir orogen as a whole is an integral part of the overriding plate in a subduction system, while the remnant basin to the north constitutes the downgoing plate, with the bulk of the convergence accommodated by underthrusting. Herein, we demonstrate that the observed deformation of the upper and lower plates within the Pamir-Alai convergence zone resembles highly arcuate oceanic subduction systems characterized by slab rollback, subduction erosion, subduction accretion, and marginal slab-tear faults. We suggest that the curvature of the North Pamir is genetically linked to the short width and rollback of the south-dipping Alai slab; northward motion (indentation) of the Pamir is accommodated by crustal processes related to this rollback. The onset of south-dipping subduction is tentatively linked to intense Pamir contraction following break-off of the north-dipping Indian slab beneath the Karakoram. KW - subduction accretion KW - subduction erosion KW - exhumation KW - thermochronology KW - intracontinental deformation KW - Pamir Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.12.009 SN - 0012-821X VL - 363 IS - 1 SP - 204 EP - 218 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Snijman, Deirdre A. A1 - Kocyan, Alexander T1 - The genus Pauridia (Hypoxidaceae) amplified to include Hypoxis sect. Ianthe, Saniella and Spiloxene, with revised nomenclature and typification JF - Phytotaxa : a rapid international journal for accelerating the publication of botanical taxonomy N2 - Recent phylogenetic analyses show that the species of the southern African genera Pauridia, Saniella and Spiloxene and the Australian, Tasmanian and New Zealand Hypoxis sect. Ianthe form a highly supported, monophyletic clade. In keeping with earlier suggestions that these taxa doubtfully warrant separate status, and to avoid the recognition of Hypoxis and Spiloxene as paraphyletic, we expand the circumscription of Pauridia to include Saniella, Spiloxene and Hypoxis sect. Ianthe. As a result 33 new combinations at specific and infraspecific level are proposed and one epitype, two neotypes and 30 lectotypes are newly designated. Three basionyms, of which Linnaeus, Linnaeus filius and Lamarck are the authors, are also typified (Amaryllis capensis, Hypoxis aquatica, and Hypoxis pumila). KW - Hypoxidaceae KW - Hypoxis KW - new combination KW - Pauridia KW - Saniella KW - Spiloxene KW - taxonomy KW - typification Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.116.1.2 SN - 1179-3155 VL - 116 IS - 1 SP - 19 EP - 33 PB - Magnolia Press CY - Auckland ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Smolka, Eva A1 - Khader, Patrick H. A1 - Wiese, Richard A1 - Zwitserlood, Pienie A1 - Rösler, Frank T1 - Electrophysiological Evidence for the Continuous Processing of Linguistic Categories of Regular and Irregular Verb Inflection in German JF - Journal of cognitive neuroscience N2 - A central question concerning word recognition is whether linguistic categories are processed in continuous or categorical ways, in particular, whether regular and irregular inflection is stored and processed by the same or by distinct systems. Here, we contribute to this issue by contrasting regular (regular stem, regular suffix) with semi-irregular (regular stem, irregular suffix) and irregular (irregular stem, irregular suffix) participle formation in a visual priming experiment on German verb inflection. We measured ERPs and RTs and manipulated the inflectional and meaning relatedness between primes and targets. Inflected verb targets (e. g., leite, "head") were preceded either by themselves, by their participle (geleitet, "headed"), by a semantically related verb in the same inflection as the target (fuhre, "guide") or in the participle form (gefuhrt, "guided"), or by an unrelated verb in the same inflection (nenne, "name"). Results showed that behavioral and ERP priming effects were gradually affected by verb regularity. Regular participles produced a widely distributed frontal and parietal effect, irregular participles produced a small left parietal effect, and semi-irregular participles yielded an effect in-between these two in terms of amplitude and topography. The behavioral and ERP effects further showed that the priming because of participles differs from that because of semantic associates for all verb types. These findings argue for a single processing system that generates participle priming effects for regular, semi-irregular, and irregular verb inflection. Together, the findings provide evidence that the linguistic categories of verb inflection are processed continuously. We present a single-system model that can adequately account for such graded effects. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00384 SN - 0898-929X VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 1284 EP - 1304 PB - MIT Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sliva, Anatolij J. T1 - Das Verfassungsgericht der Russischen Föderation und die Entwicklung des Rechts JF - Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit in der Russischen Föderation und in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland : Rundtischgespräch an der Moskauer Staatlichen Juristischen Kutafin-Universität am 9. und 10. Oktober 2012 Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68400 SP - 13 EP - 19 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sliusarenko, O. Yu. A1 - Surkov, D. A. A1 - Gonchar, V. Yu. A1 - Chechkin, Aleksei V. T1 - Stationary states in bistable system driven by Levy noise JF - European physical journal special topics N2 - We study the properties of the probability density function (PDF) of a bistable system driven by heavy tailed white symmetric L,vy noise. The shape of the stationary PDF is found analytically for the particular case of the L,vy index alpha = 1 (Cauchy noise). For an arbitrary L,vy index we employ numerical methods based on the solution of the stochastic Langevin equation and space fractional kinetic equation. In contrast to the bistable system driven by Gaussian noise, in the L,vy case, the positions of maxima of the stationary PDF do not coincide with the positions of minima of the bistable potential. We provide a detailed study of the distance between the maxima and the minima as a function of the depth of the potential and the L,vy noise parameters. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2013-01736-0 SN - 1951-6355 VL - 216 IS - 1 SP - 133 EP - 138 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Skerra, Antje A1 - Adani, Flavia A1 - Gagarina, Natalʹja Vladimirovna ED - Fritzsche, Tom ED - Meyer, Corinna B. ED - Adelt, Anne ED - Roß, Jennifer T1 - Diskurskohäsive Mittel in Erzählungen als diagnostischer Marker für Sprachentwicklungsstörungen JF - Spektrum Patholinguistik N2 - 1 Einleitung 2 Geschichten - eine linguistische Betrachtung 3 Aktuelle Studie und Stand der Forschung 4 Diskussion 5 Literatur Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-68515 SN - 1866-9085 SN - 1866-9433 IS - 6 SP - 127 EP - 158 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sivanesan, Arumugam A1 - Ly, Khoa H. A1 - Adamkiewicz, Witold A1 - Stiba, Konstanze A1 - Leimkühler, Silke A1 - Weidinger, Inez M. T1 - Tunable electric field enhancement and redox chemistry on TiO2 Island films via covalent attachment to Ag or Au nanostructures JF - The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces N2 - Ag-TiO2 and Au-TiO2 hybrid electrodes were designed by covalent attachment of TiO2 nanoparticles to Ag or Au electrodes via an organic linker. The optical and electronic properties of these systems were investigated using the cytochrome b(5) (Cyt b(5)) domain of sulfite oxidase, exclusively attached to the TiO2 surface, as a Raman marker and model redox enzyme. Very strong SERR signals of Cyt b(5) were obtained for Ag-supported systems due to plasmonic field enhancement of Ag. Time-resolved surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopic measurements yielded a remarkably fast electron transfer kinetic (k = 60 s(-1)) of Cyt b(5) to Ag. A much lower Raman intensity was observed for Au-supported systems with undefined and slow redox behavior. We explain this phenomenon on the basis of the different potential of zero charge of the two metals that largely influence the electronic properties of the TiO2 island film. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/jp4032578 SN - 1932-7447 VL - 117 IS - 22 SP - 11866 EP - 11872 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sitte, Christian T1 - Croquis/Chorèmes und Schemata JF - Potsdamer geographische Praxis N2 - 1 Einleitung 2 Das croquis 3 Das schéma 4 Croquis und schémas im deutschsprachigen Raum KW - Geographie-Studium KW - Geographie-Unterricht KW - Metzler Handbuch 2.0 KW - Unterrichtsmethoden KW - Geographie-Didaktik KW - Diskussion-Unterricht KW - Geography Education KW - Strategies KW - Education KW - Discussion Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-66186 SN - 2194-1599 SN - 2194-1602 IS - 6 SP - 13 EP - 19 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sirocko, Frank A1 - Dietrich, Stephan A1 - Veres, Daniel A1 - Grootes, Pieter M. A1 - Schaber-Mohr, Katja A1 - Seelos, Klemens A1 - Nadeau, Marie-Josee A1 - Kromer, Bernd A1 - Rothacker, Leo A1 - Roehner, Marieke A1 - Krbetschek, Matthias A1 - Appleby, Peter G. A1 - Hambach, Ulrich A1 - Rolf, Christian A1 - Sudo, Masafumi A1 - Grim, Stephanie T1 - Multi-proxy dating of Holocene maar lakes and Pleistocene dry maar sediments in the Eifel, Germany JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal N2 - During the last twelve years the ELSA Project (Eifel Laminated Sediment Archive) at Mainz University has drilled a total of about 52 cores from 27 maar lakes and filled-in maar basins in the Eifel/Germany. Dating has been completed for the Holocene cores using 6 different methods (Pb-210 and Cs-137 activities, palynostratigraphy, event markers, varve counting, C-14) In general, the different methods consistently complement one another within error margins. Event correlation was used for relating typical lithological changes with historically known events such as the two major Holocene flood events at 1342 AD and ca 800 BC. Dating of MIS2-MIS3 core sections is based on greyscale tuning, radiocarbon and OSL dating, magnetostratigraphy and tephrochronology. The lithological changes in the sediment cores demonstrate a sequence of events similar to the North Atlantic rapid climate variability of the Last Glacial Cycle. The warmest of the MIS3 interstadials was GI14, when a forest with abundant spruce covered the Eifel area from 55 to 48 ka BP, i.e. during a time when also other climate archives in Europe suggested very warm conditions. The forest of this "Early Stage 3 warm phase" developed subsequently into a steppe with scattered birch and pine, and finally into a glacial desert at around 25 ka BP. Evidence for Mono Lake and Laschamp geomagnetic excursions is found in two long cores. Several large eruptions during Middle and Late Pleistocene (Ulmener Maar - 11,000 varve years BP, Laacher See - 12,900 varve years BP, Mosenberg volcanoes/Meerfelder Maar 41-45 cal ka BP, Dumpel Maar 116 ka BP, Glees Maar - 151 ka BP) produced distinct ash-layers crucial for inter-core and inter-site correlations. The oldest investigated maar of the Eifel is Ar-40/Ar-39 dated to the time older than 520 ka BP. KW - Eifel maar KW - Laminated lake sediments KW - Tuning KW - Historical events KW - C-14-derived chronology KW - Varve counting KW - Luminescence dating KW - Palynostratigraphy KW - (CS)-C-137 and Pb-210 dating KW - Palaeomagnetism KW - Tephrostratigraphy KW - Argon-Argon dating KW - GIS Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.09.011 SN - 0277-3791 VL - 62 SP - 56 EP - 76 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Simik, Radek T1 - The PRO-wh connection in modal existential wh-constructions an argument in favor of semantic control JF - Natural language & linguistic theory N2 - Recent discussion of obligatory control in the literature mostly concentrates on the issue of which syntactic module (movement, agreement, etc.) is responsible for the establishment of the control relation. This paper looks at the issue of control from a higher order perspective. Abandoning the presupposition that control constituents denote propositions and that, therefore, control must be syntactic, I deliver an argument in favor of the property-type analysis of control constituents and, by transitivity, for a semantic resolution of the control relation. The argument comes from modal existential wh-constructions and in particular from a strong parallelism between obligatorily controlled PRO and wh-expressions. It is revealed that PRO and wh-words form a natural class, to the exclusion of all other types of nominal expressions. This is then turned into an argument of treating PRO (and wh-words) essentially as a logical lambda-operator, naturally leading to the property theory of control. In addition, the article contributes to our understanding of the syntax, semantics, and typology of modal existential wh-constructions. It is argued that at least one type of these constructions, what I call "control MECs", is embedded (minimally) by a complex predicate BE+FOR which expresses the state of availability (BE) which makes it possible for someone to profit (FOR) from the event characterized by the modal existential wh-construction. KW - Modal existential wh-constructions KW - Obligatory control KW - PRO KW - Wh-words KW - Syntax-semantics interface Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11049-013-9205-9 SN - 0167-806X SN - 1573-0859 VL - 31 IS - 4 SP - 1163 EP - 1205 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER -