TY  - JOUR
A1  - Steph, Silke
A1  - Tiedemann, Ralph
A1  - Prange, Matthias
A1  - Groeneveld, Jürgen
A1  - Schulz, Michael Karl
A1  - Timmermann, Axel
A1  - Nürnberg, Dirk
A1  - Rühlemann, Carsten
A1  - Saukel, Cornelia
A1  - Haug, Gerald H.
T1  - Early Pliocene increase in thermohaline overturning : a precondition for the development of the modern equatorial Pacific cold tongue
N2  - Unraveling the processes responsible for Earth's climate transition from an "El Nino-like state" during the warm early Pliocene into a modern-like "La Nina-dominated state" currently challenges the scientific community. Recently, the Pliocene climate switch has been linked to oceanic thermocline shoaling at similar to 3 million years ago along with Earth's final transition into a bipolar icehouse world. Here we present Pliocene proxy data and climate model results, which suggest an earlier timing of the Pliocene climate switch and a different chain of forcing mechanisms. We show that the increase in North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation between 4.8 and 4.0 million years ago, initiated by the progressive closure of the Central American Seaway, triggered overall shoaling of the tropical thermocline. This preconditioned the turnaround from a warm eastern equatorial Pacific to the modern equatorial cold tongue state about 1 million years earlier than previously assumed. Since similar to 3.6-3.5 million years ago, the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation resulted in a strengthening of the trade winds, thereby amplifying upwelling and biogenic productivity at low latitudes.
Y1  - 2010
UR  - http://www.agu.org/journals/pa/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1029/2008pa001645
SN  - 0883-8305
ER  -