TY - JOUR A1 - Yildirim, Cengiz A1 - Schildgen, Taylor F. A1 - Echtler, Helmut Peter A1 - Melnick, Daniel A1 - Bookhagen, Bodo A1 - Ciner, T. Attila A1 - Niedermann, Samuel A1 - Merchel, Silke A1 - Martschini, Martin A1 - Steier, Peter A1 - Strecker, Manfred T1 - Tectonic implications of fluvial incision and pediment deformation at the northern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau based on multiple cosmogenic nuclides JF - Tectonics N2 - We document Quaternary fluvial incision driven by fault-controlled surface deformation in the inverted intermontane Gökirmak Basin in the Central Pontide mountains along the northern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau. In-situ-produced Be-10, Ne-21, and Cl-36 concentrations from gravel-covered fluvial terraces and pediment surfaces along the trunk stream of the basin (the Gökirmak River) yield model exposure ages ranging from 71ka to 34645ka and average fluvial incision rates over the past similar to 350ka of 0.280.01mm a(-1). Similarities between river incision rates and coastal uplift rates at the Black Sea coast suggest that regional uplift is responsible for the river incision. Model exposure ages of deformed pediment surfaces along tributaries of the trunk stream range from 605ka to 110 +/- 10ka, demonstrating that the thrust faults responsible for pediment deformation were active after those times and were likely active earlier as well as explaining the topographic relief of the region. Together, our data demonstrate cumulative incision that is linked to active internal shortening and uplift of similar to 0.3mm a(-1) in the Central Pontide orogenic wedge, which may ultimately contribute to the lateral growth of the northern Anatolian Plateau. KW - Tectonic Geomorphology KW - Fluvial Incision KW - Surface Exposure Age KW - Uplift Rate Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/tect.20066 SN - 0278-7407 SN - 1944-9194 VL - 32 IS - 5 SP - 1107 EP - 1120 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yildirim, Cengiz A1 - Melnick, Daniel A1 - Ballato, Paolo A1 - Schildgen, Taylor F. A1 - Echtler, Helmut Peter A1 - Erginal, A. Evren A1 - Kiyak, Nafiye Gunec A1 - Strecker, Manfred T1 - Differential uplift along the northern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau - inferences from marine terraces JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal N2 - Emerged marine terraces and paleoshorelines along plate margins are prominent geomorphic markers that can be used to quantify the rates and patterns of crustal deformation. The northern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau has been interpreted as an actively deforming orogenic wedge between the North Anatolian Fault and the Black Sea. Here we use uplifted marine terraces across principal faults on the Sinop Peninsula at the central northern side of the Pontide orogenic wedge to unravel patterns of Quaternary faulting and orogenic wedge behavior. We leveled the present-day elevations of paleoshorelines and dated marine terrace deposits using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) to determine coastal uplift. The elevations of the paleoshorelines vary between 4 +/- 0.2 and 67 +/- 1.4 m above sea level and OSL ages suggest terrace formation episodes during interglacial periods at ca 125, 190, 400 and 570 ka, corresponding to marine isotopic stages (MIS) 5e, 7a, 11 and 15. Mean apparent vertical displacement rates (without eustatic correction) deduced from these terraces range between 0.02 and 0.18 mm/a, with intermittent faster rates of up to 0.26 mm/a. We obtained higher rates at the eastern and southern parts of the peninsula, toward the hinterland, indicating non-uniform uplift across the different morphotectonic segments of the peninsula. Our data are consistent with active on- and offshore faulting across the Sinop Peninsula. When integrated with regional tectonic observations, the faulting pattern reflects shortening distributed over a broad region of the northern margin of the Central Anatolian Plateau during the Quaternary. KW - Orogenic Plateaus KW - Central Anatolian Plateau KW - Plateau margins KW - Central Pontides KW - Orogenic wedges KW - Black Sea KW - Marine terraces KW - Uplift rate Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.09.011 SN - 0277-3791 VL - 81 IS - 4 SP - 12 EP - 28 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schildgen, Taylor F. A1 - Hodges, Kip V. A1 - Whipple, Kelin X. A1 - Pringle, Malcolm S. A1 - van Soest, Matthijs A1 - Cornell, Katrina T1 - Late Cenozoic structural and tectonic development of the western margin of the central Andean Plateau in southwest Peru N2 - Structural and thermochronologic studies of the western margin of the central Andean Plateau show changing styles of deformation through time that give insights into tectonic evolution. In southwest Peru, uplift of the plateau proceeded in several distinct phases. First, NW striking, NE dipping reverse faults accommodated uplift prior to similar to 14-16 Ma. Subsequent uplift of the plateau relative to the piedmont (between the plateau and the Pacific Ocean) occurred between similar to 14 and 2.2 Ma and was accommodated by NW striking, SW dipping normal faults and subparallel monoclinal folds. The youngest phase of uplift affected the piedmont region and the plateau margin as a coherent block. Although the uplift magnitude associated with phase 1 is unknown, phases 2 and 3 resulted in at least 2.4-3.0 km of uplift. Up to 1 km of this may have occurred during phase 3. Geodynamic processes occurring in both the continental interior and the subduction zone likely contributed to uplift. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.agu.org/journals/tc/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2008tc002403 SN - 0278-7407 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schildgen, Taylor F. A1 - Ehlers, Todd A1 - Whipp, David M. A1 - van Soest, Matthijs C. A1 - Whipple, Kelin X. A1 - Hodges, Kip V. T1 - Quantifying canyon incision and Andean Plateau surface uplift, southwest Peru : a thermochronometer and numerical modeling approach N2 - Apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He ages from Ocona canyon at the western margin of the Central Andean plateau record rock cooling histories induced by a major phase of canyon incision. We quantify the timing and magnitude of incision by integrating previously published ages from the valley bottom with 19 new sample ages from four valley wall transects. Interpretation of the incision history from cooling ages is complicated by a southwest to northeast increase in temperatures at the base of the crust due to subduction and volcanism. Furthermore, the large magnitude of incision leads to additional three-dimensional variations in the thermal field. We address these complications with finite element thermal and thermochronometer age prediction models to quantify the range of topographic evolution scenarios consistent with observed cooling ages. Comparison of 275 model simulations to observed cooling ages and regional heat flow determinations identify a best fit history with <= 0.2 km of incision in the forearc region prior to similar to 14 Ma and up to 3.0 km of incision starting between 7 and 11 Ma. Incision starting at 7 Ma requires incision to end by similar to 5.5 to 6 Ma. However, a 2.2 Ma age on a volcanic flow on the current valley floor and 5 Ma gravels on the uplifted piedmont surface together suggest that incision ended during the time span between 2.2 and 5 Ma. These additional constraints for incision end time lead to a range of best fit incision onset times between 8 and 11 Ma, which must coincide with or postdate surface uplift. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.agu.org/journals/jf/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2009jf001305 SN - 0148-0227 ER -