TY - BOOK A1 - Quinlivan, Garrett T1 - Wörterbuch des Hochschulwesens BT - deutsch-englisch KW - Hochschule KW - Wörterbuch Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-247 SN - 978-3-8183-0548-2 PB - Raabe CY - Stuttgart [u.a.] ER - TY - RPRT T1 - Umweltdaten Brandenburg [2008/09] KW - Brandenburg KW - Umweltschutz KW - Klimaschutz KW - Strahlenschutz KW - Luftqualität Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-bbdig-238 VL - 2008/09 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Valsecchi, Matteo A1 - Dimigen, Olaf A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold A1 - Sommer, Werner A1 - Turatto, Massimo T1 - Microsaccadic Inhibition and P300 Enhancement in a Visual Oddball Task N2 - It has recently been demonstrated that the presentation of a rare target in a visual oddball paradigm induces a prolonged inhibition of microsaccades. In the field of electrophysiology, the amplitude of the P300 component in event-related potentials (ERP) has been shown to be sensitive to the stimulus category (target vs. non target) of the eliciting stimulus, its overall probability, and the preceding stimulus sequence. In the present study we further specify the functional underpinnings of the prolonged microsaccadic inhibition in the visual oddball task, showing that the stimulus category, the frequency of a stimulus and the preceding stimulus sequence influence microsaccade rate. Furthermore, by co-recording ERPs and eye-movements, we were able to demonstrate that, despite being largely sensitive to the same experimental manipulation, the amplitude of P300 and the microsaccadic inhibition predict each other very weakly, and thus constitute two independent measures of the brain’s response to rare targets in the visual oddball paradigm. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 256 KW - Visual Oddball Paradigm KW - Microsaccades KW - Microsaccadic Inhibition KW - ERPs KW - P300Psychophysiology KW - 46 (3) 2009 KW - S. 635-644 Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57170 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold A1 - Rolfs, Martin A1 - Laubrock, Jochen A1 - Engbert, Ralf T1 - Microsaccadic Modulation of Response Times in Spatial Attention Tasks N2 - Covert shifts of attention are usually reflected in RT differences between responses to valid and invalid cues in the Posner spatial attention task. Such inferences about covert shifts of attention do not control for microsaccades in the cue target interval. We analyzed the effects of microsaccade orientation on RTs in four conditions, crossing peripheral visual and auditory cues with peripheral visual and auditory discrimination targets. Reaction time was generally faster on trials without microsaccades in the cue-target interval. If microsaccades occurred, the target-location congruency of the last microsaccade in the cuetarget interval interacted in a complex way with cue validity. For valid visual cues, irrespective of whether the discrimination target was visual or auditory, target-congruent microsaccades delayed RT. For invalid cues, target-incongruent microsaccades facilitated RTs for visual target discrimination, but delayed RT for auditory target discrimination. No reliable effects on RT were associated with auditory cues or with the first microsaccade in the cue-target interval. We discuss theoretical implications on the relation about spatial attention and oculomotor processes. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 249 Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57098 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold A1 - Masson, Michael E. J. A1 - Richter, Eike M. T1 - A linear mixed model analysis of masked repetition priming N2 - We examined individual differences in masked repetition priming by re-analyzing item-level response-time (RT) data from three experiments. Using a linear mixed model (LMM) with subjects and items specified as crossed random factors, the originally reported priming and word-frequency effects were recovered. In the same LMM, we estimated parameters describing the distributions of these effects across subjects. Subjects’ frequency and priming effects correlated positively with each other and negatively with mean RT. These correlation estimates, however, emerged only with a reciprocal transformation of RT (i.e., -1/RT), justified on the basis of distributional analyses. Different correlations, some with opposite sign, were obtained (1) for untransformed or logarithmic RTs or (2) when correlations were computed using within-subject analyses. We discuss the relevance of the new results for accounts of masked priming, implications of applying RT transformations, and the use of LMMs as a tool for the joint analysis of experimental effects and associated individual differences. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 247 Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57073 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dimigen, Olaf A1 - Valsecchi, Matteo A1 - Sommer, Werner A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold T1 - Human Microsaccade-Related Visual Brain Responses N2 - Microsaccades are very small, involuntary flicks in eye position that occur on average once or twice per second during attempted visual fixation. Microsaccades give rise to EMG eye muscle spikes that can distort the spectrum of the scalp EEG and mimic increases in gamma band power. Here we demonstrate that microsaccades are also accompanied by genuine and sizeable cortical activity, manifested in the EEG. In three experiments, high-resolution eye movements were corecorded with the EEG: during sustained fixation of checkerboard and face stimuli and in a standard visual oddball task that required the counting of target stimuli. Results show that microsaccades as small as 0.15° generate a field potential over occipital cortex and midcentral scalp sites 100 –140 ms after movement onset, which resembles the visual lambda response evoked by larger voluntary saccades. This challenges the standard assumption of human brain imaging studies that saccade-related brain activity is precluded by fixation, even when fully complied with. Instead, additional cortical potentials from microsaccades were present in 86% of the oddball task trials and of similar amplitude as the visual response to stimulus onset. Furthermore, microsaccade probability varied systematically according to the proportion of target stimuli in the oddball task, causing modulations of late stimulus-locked event-related potential (ERP) components. Microsaccades present an unrecognized source of visual brain signal that is of interest for vision research and may have influenced the data of many ERP and neuroimaging studies. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 240 Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-56923 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Polzehl, Jürgen T1 - Leben und Arbeiten mit Technologie und Natur BT - Interview mit dem Bürgermeister der Stadt Schwedt/Oder Jürgen Polzehl JF - KWI-Schriften Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51964 SN - 1867-951X SN - 1867-9528 IS - 2 SP - 107 EP - 113 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Petry, Klaus T1 - Schrumpfende Stadt Wittenberge JF - KWI-Schriften N2 - I. Demografische Situation II. Stadterneuerung und Stadtumbau III. Bewertung der Stadt- und Wirtschaftsentwicklung IV. Perspektive Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51956 SN - 1867-951X SN - 1867-9528 IS - 2 SP - 99 EP - 105 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reichard, Christoph T1 - Demografischer Wandel und die Bereiche Ver- und Entsorgung JF - KWI-Schriften Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51934 SN - 1867-951X SN - 1867-9528 IS - 2 SP - 95 EP - 98 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Strauch, Friedrich T1 - Das Seniorenamt der Stadt Nürnberg BT - ein Erfahrungsbericht JF - KWI-Schriften Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51921 SN - 1867-951X SN - 1867-9528 IS - 2 SP - 89 EP - 94 ER -