TY  - JOUR
A1  - Laurinavichyute, Anna
A1  - Sekerina, Irina A.
A1  - Alexeeva, Svetlana
A1  - Bagdasaryan, Kristine
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
T1  - Russian Sentence Corpus: Benchmark measures of eye movements in reading in Russian
JF  - Behavior research methods : a journal of the Psychonomic Society
N2  - This article introduces a new corpus of eye movements in silent readingthe Russian Sentence Corpus (RSC). Russian uses the Cyrillic script, which has not yet been investigated in cross-linguistic eye movement research. As in every language studied so far, we confirmed the expected effects of low-level parameters, such as word length, frequency, and predictability, on the eye movements of skilled Russian readers. These findings allow us to add Slavic languages using Cyrillic script (exemplified by Russian) to the growing number of languages with different orthographies, ranging from the Roman-based European languages to logographic Asian ones, whose basic eye movement benchmarks conform to the universal comparative science of reading (Share, 2008). We additionally report basic descriptive corpus statistics and three exploratory investigations of the effects of Russian morphology on the basic eye movement measures, which illustrate the kinds of questions that researchers can answer using the RSC. The annotated corpus is freely available from its project page at the Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/x5q2r/.
KW  - Reading
KW  - Eye movements
KW  - Russian
KW  - Ambiguity
KW  - Part of speech
KW  - Corpus
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-1051-6
SN  - 1554-351X
SN  - 1554-3528
VL  - 51
IS  - 3
SP  - 1161
EP  - 1178
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Boston, Marisa Ferrara
A1  - Hale, John T.
A1  - Vasishth, Shravan
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
T1  - Parallel processing and sentence comprehension difficulty
JF  - Language and cognitive processes
N2  - Eye fixation durations during normal reading correlate with processing difficulty, but the specific cognitive mechanisms reflected in these measures are not well understood. This study finds support in German readers' eye fixations for two distinct difficulty metrics: surprisal, which reflects the change in probabilities across syntactic analyses as new words are integrated; and retrieval, which quantifies comprehension difficulty in terms of working memory constraints. We examine the predictions of both metrics using a family of dependency parsers indexed by an upper limit on the number of candidate syntactic analyses they retain at successive words. Surprisal models all fixation measures and regression probability. By contrast, retrieval does not model any measure in serial processing. As more candidate analyses are considered in parallel at each word, retrieval can account for the same measures as surprisal. This pattern suggests an important role for ranked parallelism in theories of sentence comprehension.
KW  - Reading
KW  - Parsing
KW  - Computer model
KW  - Corpus
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/01690965.2010.492228
SN  - 0169-0965
VL  - 26
IS  - 3
SP  - 301
EP  - 349
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hove
ER  -