TY - JOUR A1 - Räling, Romy A1 - Schröder, Astrid A1 - Wartenburger, Isabell T1 - The origins of age of acquisition and typicality effects: Semantic processing in aphasia and the ageing brain JF - Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience N2 - Age of acquisition (AOA) has frequently been shown to influence response times and accuracy rates in word processing and constitutes a meaningful variable in aphasic language processing, while its origin in the language processing system is still under debate. To find out where AOA originates and whether and how it is related to another important psycholinguistic variable, namely semantic typicality (TYP), we studied healthy, elderly controls and semantically impaired individuals using semantic priming. For this purpose, we collected reaction times and accuracy rates as well as event-related potential data in an auditory category-member-verification task. The present results confirm a semantic origin of TYP, but question the same for AOA while favouring its origin at the phonology-semantics interface. The data are further interpreted in consideration of recent theories of ageing. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Ageing KW - Aphasia KW - N400 KW - Semantic typicality KW - Age of acquisition Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.04.019 SN - 0028-3932 SN - 1873-3514 VL - 86 SP - 80 EP - 92 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Räling, Romy A1 - Holzgrefe-Lang, Julia A1 - Schröder, Astrid A1 - Wartenburger, Isabell T1 - On the influence of typicality and age of acquisition on semantic processing: Diverging evidence from behavioural and ERP responses JF - Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience N2 - Various behavioural studies show that semantic typicality (TYP) and age of acquisition (AOA) of a specific word influence processing time and accuracy during the performance of lexical-semantic tasks. This study examines the influence of TYP and AOA on semantic processing at behavioural (response times and accuracy data) and electrophysiological levels using an auditory category-member-verification task. Reaction time data reveal independent TYP and AOA effects, while in the accuracy data and the event-related potentials predominantly effects of TYP can be found. The present study thus confirms previous findings and extends evidence found in the visual modality to the auditory modality. A modality-independent influence on semantic word processing is manifested. However, with regard to the influence of AOA, the diverging results raise questions on the origin of AOA effects as well as on the interpretation of offline and online data. Hence, results will be discussed against the background of recent theories on N400 correlates in semantic processing. In addition, an argument in favour of a complementary use of research techniques will be made. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Event-related potentials KW - N400 KW - Semantic typicality KW - Age of acquisition KW - Semantic priming KW - Category verification Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.05.031 SN - 0028-3932 SN - 1873-3514 VL - 75 SP - 186 EP - 200 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - GEN A1 - Räling, Romy A1 - Hanne, Sandra A1 - Schröder, Astrid A1 - Keßler, Carla A1 - Wartenburger, Isabell T1 - Judging the animacy of words : The influence of typicality and age of acquisition in a semantic decision task N2 - The age at which members of a semantic category are learned (age of acquisition), the typicality they demonstrate within their corresponding category, and the semantic domain to which they belong (living, non-living) are known to influence the speed and accuracy of lexical/semantic processing. So far, only a few studies have looked at the origin of age of acquisition and its interdependence with typicality and semantic domain within the same experimental design. Twenty adult participants performed an animacy decision task in which nouns were classified according to their semantic domain as being living or non-living. Response times were influenced by the independent main effects of each parameter: typicality, age of acquisition, semantic domain, and frequency. However, there were no interactions. The results are discussed with respect to recent models concerning the origin of age of acquisition effects. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 305 KW - Age of acquisition KW - Animacy decision KW - Semantic classification task KW - Typicality Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-98402 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schroder, Astrid A1 - Gemballa, Teresa A1 - Ruppin, Steffie A1 - Wartenburger, Isabell T1 - German norms for semantic typicality, age of acquisition, and concept familiarity JF - Behavior research methods : a journal of the Psychonomic Society N2 - The present study introduces the first substantial German database with norms for semantic typicality, age of acquisition, and concept familiarity for 824 exemplars of 11 semantic categories, including four natural ( and ) and five man-made (, and ) categories, as well as and Each category exemplar in the database was collected empirically in an exemplar generation study. For each category exemplar, norms for semantic typicality, estimated age of acquisition, and concept familiarity were gathered in three different rating studies. Reliability data and additional analyses on effects of semantic category and intercorrelations between age of acquisition, semantic typicality, concept familiarity, word length, and word frequency are provided. Overall, the data show high inter- and intrastudy reliabilities, providing a new resource tool for designing experiments with German word materials. The full database is available in the supplementary material of this file and also at www.psychonomic.org/archive. KW - Semantic typicality KW - Age of acquisition KW - Concept familiarity KW - Norm data KW - Semantic categories KW - German database KW - Lexical-semantic processing KW - Exemplar generation Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-011-0164-y SN - 1554-351X VL - 44 IS - 2 SP - 380 EP - 394 PB - Springer CY - New York ER -