TY  - JOUR
A1  - Elsner, Birgit
A1  - Pfeifer, Caroline
A1  - Parker, Charlene
A1  - Hauf, Petra
T1  - Infants' perception of actions and situational constraints - an eye-tracking study
JF  - Journal of experimental child psychology
N2  - Rational action understanding requires that infants evaluate the efficiency of a movement in achieving a goal with respect to situational constraints. In contrast, recent accounts have highlighted the impact of perceptual characteristics of the demonstrated movement or constraints to explain infants' behavior in so-called rational imitation tasks. The current study employed eye tracking to investigate how 13- to 15-month-old infants distribute their visual attention to different aspects of an action demonstration. In three tasks (touchlight, house, and obstacle), infants watched videos in which a model performed an unusual action while she was or was not restricted by situational constraints. Infants' overall looking to the demonstration as well as looking to four segments of the video (initial segment, constraint demonstration, action performance, and final segment) and to specific areas (constraint area of interest [AOI] and action AOI) was analyzed. Overall, infants looked longer at the demonstration in the constraint condition compared with the no-constraint condition. The condition differences occurred in the two video segments where the constraint or action was displayed and were especially profound for the constraint AOI. These findings indicate that infants processed the situational constraints. However, the pattern of condition differences varied slightly in the three tasks. In sum, the data imply that infants process perceptual characteristics of the movement or constraints and that low-level perceptual processes interact with higher level cognitive processes in infants' action perception.
KW  - Eye tracking
KW  - Infant action processing
KW  - 13-to 15-month-old infants
KW  - Visual attention
KW  - Rational action understanding
KW  - Motor resonance account
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2012.11.014
SN  - 0022-0965
SN  - 1096-0457
VL  - 116
IS  - 2
SP  - 428
EP  - 442
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - San Diego
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rothkegel, Lars Oliver Martin
A1  - Trukenbrod, Hans Arne
A1  - Schütt, Heiko Herbert
A1  - Wichmann, Felix A.
A1  - Engbert, Ralf
T1  - Influence of initial fixation position in scene viewing
JF  - Vision research : an international journal for functional aspects of vision.
KW  - Visual scanpath
KW  - Visual attention
KW  - Inhibition of return
KW  - Eye movements
KW  - Saliency
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2016.09.012
SN  - 0042-6989
SN  - 1878-5646
VL  - 129
SP  - 33
EP  - 49
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Myachykov, Andriy
A1  - Ellis, Rob
A1  - Cangelosi, Angelo
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
T1  - Visual and linguistic cues to graspable objects
JF  - Experimental brain research
N2  - Two experiments investigated (1) how activation of manual affordances is triggered by visual and linguistic cues to manipulable objects and (2) whether graspable object parts play a special role in this process. Participants pressed a key to categorize manipulable target objects copresented with manipulable distractor objects on a computer screen. Three factors were varied in Experiment 1: (1) the target's and (2) the distractor's handles' orientation congruency with the lateral manual response and (3) the Visual Focus on one of the objects. In Experiment 2, a linguistic cue factor was added to these three factors-participants heard the name of one of the two objects prior to the target display onset. Analysis of participants' motor and oculomotor behaviour confirmed that perceptual and linguistic cues potentiated activation of grasp affordances. Both target- and distractor-related affordance effects were modulated by the presence of visual and linguistic cues. However, a differential visual attention mechanism subserved activation of compatibility effects associated with target and distractor objects. We also registered an independent implicit attention attraction effect from objects' handles, suggesting that graspable parts automatically attract attention during object viewing. This effect was further amplified by visual but not linguistic cues, thus providing initial evidence for a recent hypothesis about differential roles of visual and linguistic information in potentiating stable and variable affordances (Borghi in Language and action in cognitive neuroscience. Psychology Press, London, 2012).
KW  - Grasp affordances
KW  - Naming
KW  - Visual attention
KW  - Object categorization
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-013-3616-z
SN  - 0014-4819
VL  - 229
IS  - 4
SP  - 545
EP  - 559
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  -