TY - JOUR A1 - Cisek, Richard A1 - Tokarz, Danielle A1 - Kontenis, Lukas A1 - Barzda, Virginijus A1 - Steup, Martin T1 - Polarimetric second harmonic generation microscopy BT - an analytical tool for starch bioengineering JF - Starch-Starke N2 - Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical process that inherently generates signal in non-centrosymmetric materials, such as starch granules, and therefore can be used for label-free imaging. Both intensity and polarization of SHG are determined by material properties that are characterized by the nonlinear susceptibility tensor, ((2)). Examination of the tensor is performed for each focal volume of the image by measuring the outgoing polarization state of the SHG signal for a set of incoming laser beam polarizations. Mapping of nonlinear properties expressed as the susceptibility ratio reveals structural features including the organization of crystalline material within a single starch granule, and the distribution of structural properties in a population of granules. Isolated granules, as well as in situ starch, can be analyzed using polarimetric SHG microscopy. Due to the fast sample preparation and short imaging times, polarimetric SHG microscopy allows for a quick assessment of starch structure and permits rapid feedback for bioengineering applications. This article presents the basics of SHG theory and microscopy applications for starch-containing materials. Quantification of ultrastructural features within individual starch granules is described. New results obtained by polarization resolved SHG microscopy of starch granules are presented for various maize genotypes revealing heterogeneity within a single starch particle and between various granules. KW - Determination of crystallinity KW - Determination of hydration KW - Label-free imaging KW - Nonlinear optical microscopy KW - Structural determination Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/star.201700031 SN - 0038-9056 SN - 1521-379X VL - 70 IS - 1-2 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cheim-Grützner, Vera T1 - Gülke, Peter, Fluchtpunkt Musik : Reflexionen eines Dirigenten zwischen Ost und West Y1 - 1994 PB - Bärenreiter [u.a.] CY - Kassel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chaykovska, Lyubov A1 - Tsuprykov, Oleg A1 - Hocher, Berthold T1 - Biomarkers for the prediction of mortality and morbidity in patients with renal replacement therapy JF - Clinical laboratory : the peer reviewed journal for clinical laboratories and laboratories related to blood transfusion N2 - The mortality of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis remains high despite great improvement of dialysis technologies in the past decades. These patients die due to infectious diseases (mainly sepsis), cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and, in particular, sudden cardiac death. End stage renal disease is a complex condition, where the failure of kidney function is accompanied by numerous metabolic changes affecting almost all organ systems of the human body. Many of the biomarker characteristics of the individually affected organ systems have been associated with adverse outcomes. These biomarkers are different in patients with ESRD compared to the general population in the prediction of morbidity and mortality. Biomarker research in this field should aim to identify patients at risk for the different disease entities. Traditional biomarkers such as CRP, BNP, and troponins as well as new biomarkers such as fetuin, CD 154, and relaxin were analyzed in patients on dialysis. We will include observational as well as prospective clinical trials in this review. Furthermore, we will also discuss proteomics biomarker studies. The article assess the potential diagnostic value of different biomarkers in daily clinical practice as well as their usefulness for clinical drug development in end stage renal disease patients. Y1 - 2011 SN - 1433-6510 VL - 57 IS - 7-8 SP - 455 EP - 467 PB - Clin Lab Publ., Verl. Klinisches Labor CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cesare, Bernardo A1 - Acosta-Vigil, Antonio A1 - Bartoli, Omar A1 - Ferrero, Silvio T1 - What can we learn from melt inclusions in migmatites and granulites? JF - Lithos : an international journal of mineralogy, petrology, and geochemistry N2 - With less than two decades of activity, research on melt inclusions (MI) in crystals from rocks that have undergone crustal anatexis - migmatites and granulites - is a recent addition to crustal petrology and geochemistry. Studies on this subject started with glassy inclusions in anatectic crustal enclaves in lavas, and then progressed to regionally metamorphosed and partially melted crustal rocks, where melt inclusions are normally crystallized into a cryptocrystalline aggregate (nanogranitoid). Since the first paper on melt inclusions in the granulites of the Kerala Khondalite Belt in 2009, reported and studied occurrences are already a few tens. Melt inclusions in migmatites and granulites show many analogies with their more common and long studied counterparts in igneous rocks, but also display very important differences and peculiarities, which are the subject of this review. Microstructurally, melt inclusions in anatectic rocks are small, commonly 10 mu m in diameter, and their main mineral host is peritectic garnet, although several other hosts have been observed. Inclusion contents vary from glass in enclaves that were cooled very rapidly from supersolidus temperatures, to completely crystallized material in slowly cooled regional migmatites. The chemical composition of the inclusions can be analyzed combining several techniques (SEM, EMP, NanoSIMS, LA-ICP-MS), but in the case of crystallized inclusions the experimental remelting under confining pressure in a piston cylinder is a prerequisite. The melt is generally granitic and peraluminous, although granodioritic to trondhjemitic compositions have also been found. Being mostly primary in origin, inclusions attest for the growth of their peritectic host in the presence of melt. As a consequence, the inclusions have the unique ability of preserving information on the composition of primary anatectic crustal melts, before they undergo any of the common following changes in their way to produce crustal magmas. For these peculiar features, melt inclusions in migmatites and granulites, largely overlooked so far, have the potential to become a fundamental tool for the study of crustal melting, crustal differentiation, and even the generation of the continental crust. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. KW - Melt inclusions KW - Migmatites KW - Granulites KW - Granites KW - Crustal melting KW - Nanogranitoids Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2015.09.028 SN - 0024-4937 SN - 1872-6143 VL - 239 SP - 186 EP - 216 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cencil, Ugo A1 - Nitschke, Felix A1 - Steup, Martin A1 - Minassian, Berge A. A1 - Colleoni, Christophe A1 - Ball, Steven G. T1 - Transition from glycogen to starch metabolism in Archaeplastida JF - Trends in plant science N2 - In this opinion article we propose a scenario detailing how two crucial components have evolved simultaneously to ensure the transition of glycogen to starch in the cytosol of the Archaeplastida last common ancestor: (i) the recruitment of an enzyme from intracellular Chlamydiae pathogens to facilitate crystallization of alpha-glucan chains; and (ii) the evolution of novel types of polysaccharide (de)phosphorylating enzymes from preexisting glycogen (de)phosphorylation host pathways to allow the turnover of such crystals. We speculate that the transition to starch benefitted Archaeplastida in three ways: more carbon could be packed into osmotically inert material; the host could resume control of carbon assimilation from the chlamydial pathogen that triggered plastid endosymbiosis; and cyanobacterial photosynthate export could be integrated in the emerging Archaeplastida. KW - evolution of plastids KW - starch and glycogen metabolism KW - polyglucan debranching reactions KW - starch and glycogen (de)phosphorylation KW - Chlamydia-like bacteria KW - Lafora disease Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2013.08.004 SN - 1360-1385 VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 18 EP - 28 PB - Elsevier CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Castro, José Pedro A1 - Grune, Tilman A1 - Speckmann, Bodo T1 - The two faces of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in adipocyte function and dysfunction JF - Biological chemistry N2 - White adipose tissue (WAT) is actively involved in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis via storage/ release of lipids and adipokine secretion. Current research links WAT dysfunction to the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The expansion of WAT during oversupply of nutrients prevents ectopic fat accumulation and requires proper preadipocyte-to-adipocyte differentiation. An assumed link between excess levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), WAT dysfunction and T2D has been discussed controversially. While oxidative stress conditions have conclusively been detected in WAT of T2D patients and related animal models, clinical trials with antioxidants failed to prevent T2D or to improve glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, animal studies yielded inconsistent results regarding the role of oxidative stress in the development of diabetes. Here, we discuss the contribution of ROS to the (patho) physiology of adipocyte function and differentiation, with particular emphasis on sources and nutritional modulators of adipocyte ROS and their functions in signaling mechanisms controlling adipogenesis and functions of mature fat cells. We propose a concept of ROS balance that is required for normal functioning of WAT. We explain how both excessive and diminished levels of ROS, e. g. resulting from over supplementation with antioxidants, contribute to WAT dysfunction and subsequently insulin resistance. KW - adipogenesis KW - adipose tissue dysregulation KW - antioxidants KW - metabolic disorders KW - oxidative stress Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2015-0305 SN - 1431-6730 SN - 1437-4315 VL - 397 SP - 709 EP - 724 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carlà-Uhink, Filippo T1 - Rezension zu: Begg, Ian D. J.; Lost worlds of ancient and modern Greece. Gilbert Bagnani : the Adventures of a Young Italian Archaeologist in Greece, 1921-1924. - Oxford: Archaeopress Archaeology, 2020. - xxxviii, 309 S. - ISBN: 978-1-78969-452-9 JF - Anabases : traditions et réception de l'Antiquité ; revue de l'équipe de recherche Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4000/anabases.14025 SN - 2256-9421 SN - 1774-4296 VL - 2022 IS - 35 SP - 323 EP - 327 PB - Presses Universitaires du Mirail CY - Toulouse ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carlà-Uhink, Filippo T1 - Rezension: Gary D. Farney, Guy Bradley (Eds.), The Peoples of Ancient Italy. - Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter, 2017. - ISBN 978-1-61451-520-3 JF - Historische Zeitschrift Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/hzhz-2019-1458 SN - 2196-680X SN - 0018-2613 VL - 309 IS - 3 SP - 709 EP - 711 PB - Berlin CY - Oldenbourg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carlà-Uhink, Filippo T1 - Review of Helen Roche & Kyriakos Demetriou: Brill’s Companion to the Classics, Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany JF - thersites 10: Modern Identities and Classical Antiquity Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.34679/thersites.vol10.144 VL - 2019 IS - 10 SP - 234 EP - 238 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carlà-Uhink, Filippo T1 - Rezension zu: Documenting Ancient Rhodes : Archaeological Expeditions and Rhodian Antiquities / Stine Schierup (éd.). - Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, 2019. - 332 p. - ISBN: 978-87-7124-987-3 JF - Anabases : Traditions et Réceptions de l'Antiquité Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-494858 SN - 2256-9421 VL - 2020 IS - 32 SP - 282 EP - 284 PB - ERASME CY - Toulouse ER -