TY - JOUR A1 - Winzer, Lylla A1 - Krahé, Barbara A1 - Guest, Philip Michael T1 - The Scale of Sexual Aggression in Southeast Asia: A Review JF - Trauma, violence & abuse N2 - Southeast Asia is one of the most dynamic regions in the world. It is experiencing rapid socioeconomic change that may influence the level of sexual aggression, but data on the scale of sexual aggression in the region remain sparse. The aim of the present article was to systematically review the findings of studies available in English on the prevalence of self-reported sexual aggression and victimization among women and men above the age of 12 years in the 11 countries of Southeast Asia (Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam). Based on four scientific databases, the search engine Google, Opengrey database, and reference checking, 49 studies were found on sexual victimization. Of those, 32 included only women. Self-reported perpetration was assessed by only three studies and included all-male samples. Prevalence rates varied widely across studies but showed that sexual victimization was widespread among different social groups, irrespective of sex and sexual orientation. Methodological heterogeneity, lack of representativeness of samples, imbalance of information available by country, missing information within studies, and cultural differences hampered the comparability between and within countries. There is a need for operationalizations that specifically address sexual aggression occurring after the age of consent, based on detailed behavioral descriptions of unwanted sexual experiences and allied to a qualitative approach with cultural sensitivity. Data on sexual aggression in conflict settings and in human trafficking are also limited. Recommendations for future research are presented in the discussion. KW - rape KW - sexual victimization KW - sexual aggression KW - sexual violence KW - Southeast Asia Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838017725312 SN - 1524-8380 SN - 1552-8324 VL - 20 IS - 5 SP - 595 EP - 612 PB - Sage Publ. CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ward, Colleen A1 - Newlon, Betty A1 - Krahé, Barbara A1 - Myambo, Kathleen A1 - Payne, Monica A1 - Tastaban, Yildiz A1 - Yuksel, Sahika A1 - Ghadially, Rehana A1 - Kumar, Usha A1 - Lee, Hing-chu B A1 - Cheung, Fanny M. A1 - Upadhyaya, Shirpati A1 - Patnoe, Jerry A1 - Kirby, Carol A1 - Gomez, Antonio Vasquez A1 - Parra, Elena A1 - Colosio, Laura T1 - The attitudes toward rape victims scale : psychometric data from 14 countries N2 - Content: Synopsis The Attitudes toward Rape Victims Scale: Psychometric Data from 14 Countries Scale Construction and Validation - Study One: Preliminary Analyses - Study Two: Test-Retest Reliability - Study Three: Construct Validity Cross-cultural Extensions - United States - United Kingdom - Germany - New Zealand - Canada - West Indies - Israel - Turkey - India - Hong Kong - Malaysia - Zimbabwe - Mexico - Metric Equivalence Discussion T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 085 Y1 - 1992 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-34495 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vollrath, M. A1 - Krahé, Barbara A1 - Hampson, S. T1 - Editorial : Personality and social relations Y1 - 2004 SN - 0890-2070 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tomaszewska, Paulina A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - Attitudes towards sexual coercion by Polish high school students: links with risky sexual scripts, pornography use, and religiosity JF - Journal of sexual aggression N2 - The link between cognitive scripts for consensual sexual interactions and attitudes towards sexual coercion was studied in 524 Polish high school students. We proposed that risky sexual scripts, containing risk elements linked to sexual aggression, would be associated with attitudes condoning sexual coercion. Pornography use and religiosity were included as predictors of participants’ risky sexual scripts and attitudes towards sexual coercion. Risky sexual scripts were linked to attitudes condoning sexual coercion. Pornography use was indirectly linked to attitudes condoning sexual coercion via risky sexual scripts. Religiosity showed a positive direct link with attitudes towards sexual coercion, but a negative indirect link through risky sexual scripts. The results are discussed regarding the significance of risky sexual scripts, pornography use, and religiosity in understanding attitudes towards sexual coercion as well as their implications for preventing sexually aggressive behaviour. KW - Sexual scripts KW - attitudes towards sexual coercion KW - pornography KW - religiosity KW - Poland Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600.2016.1195892 SN - 1355-2600 SN - 1742-6545 VL - 22 SP - 291 EP - 307 PB - Société pour le Progrès des Etudes Philologiques et Historiques CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tomaszewska, Paulina A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - Sexual aggression victimization and perpetration among female and male university students in Poland JF - Journal of Interpersonal Violence N2 - This study examined the prevalence of victimization and perpetration of sexual aggression since age 15 in a convenience sample of 565 Polish university students (356 females). The prevalence of sexual aggression was investigated for both males and females from the perspectives of both victims and perpetrators in relation to three coercive strategies, three different victim–perpetrator relationships, and four types of sexual acts. We also examined the extent to which alcohol was consumed in the context of sexually aggressive incidents. The overall self-reported victimization rate was 34.3% for females and 28.4% for males. The overall perpetration rate was 11.7% for males and 6.5% for females. The gender difference was significant only for perpetration. Prevalence rates of both victimization and perpetration were higher for people known to each other than for strangers. In the majority of victimization and perpetration incidents, alcohol was consumed by one or both parties involved. The findings are discussed in relation to the international evidence and the need for tailored risk prevention and reduction programs. KW - sexual aggression KW - victimization KW - perpetration KW - alcohol KW - Poland Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515609583 VL - 33 IS - 4 SP - 571 EP - 594 PB - Sage CY - Thousand Oaks, Calif. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tomaszewska, Paulina A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - Attitudes towards sexual coercion by Polish high school students BT - links with risky sexual scripts, pornography use, and religiosity N2 - The link between cognitive scripts for consensual sexual interactions and attitudes towards sexual coercion was studied in 524 Polish high school students. We proposed that risky sexual scripts, containing risk elements linked to sexual aggression, would be associated with attitudes condoning sexual coercion. Pornography use and religiosity were included as predictors of participants’ risky sexual scripts and attitudes towards sexual coercion. Risky sexual scripts were linked to attitudes condoning sexual coercion. Pornography use was indirectly linked to attitudes condoning sexual coercion via risky sexual scripts. Religiosity showed a positive direct link with attitudes towards sexual coercion, but a negative indirect link through risky sexual scripts. The results are discussed regarding the significance of risky sexual scripts, pornography use, and religiosity in understanding attitudes towards sexual coercion as well as their implications for preventing sexually aggressive behaviour. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 296 KW - Sexual scripts KW - attitudes towards sexual coercion KW - pornography KW - religiosity KW - Poland Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-93450 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tomaszewska, Paulina A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - Sexual aggression victimization and perpetration among female and male university students in Poland T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - This study examined the prevalence of victimization and perpetration of sexual aggression since age 15 in a convenience sample of 565 Polish university students (356 females). The prevalence of sexual aggression was investigated for both males and females from the perspectives of both victims and perpetrators in relation to three coercive strategies, three different victim–perpetrator relationships, and four types of sexual acts. We also examined the extent to which alcohol was consumed in the context of sexually aggressive incidents. The overall self-reported victimization rate was 34.3% for females and 28.4% for males. The overall perpetration rate was 11.7% for males and 6.5% for females. The gender difference was significant only for perpetration. Prevalence rates of both victimization and perpetration were higher for people known to each other than for strangers. In the majority of victimization and perpetration incidents, alcohol was consumed by one or both parties involved. The findings are discussed in relation to the international evidence and the need for tailored risk prevention and reduction programs. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 399 KW - sexual aggression KW - victimization KW - perpetration KW - alcohol KW - Poland Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404807 IS - 399 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tetzner, Julia A1 - Kliegl, Reinhold A1 - Krahé, Barbara A1 - Busching, Robert A1 - Esser, Günter T1 - Developmental problems in adolescence BT - a person-centered analysis across time and domains JF - Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology N2 - This longitudinal study investigated patterns of developmental problems across depression, aggression, and academic achievement during adolescence, using two measurement points two years apart (N = 1665; age T1: M = 13.14; female = 49.6%). Latent Profile Analyses and Latent Transition Analyses yielded four main findings: A three-type solution provided the best fit to the data: an asymptomatic type (i.e., low problem scores in all three domains), a depressed type (i.e., high scores in depression), an aggressive type (i.e., high scores in aggression). Profile types were invariant over the two data waves but differed between girls and boys, revealing gender specific patterns of comorbidity. Stabilities over time were high for the asymptomatic type and for types that represented problems in one domain, but moderate for comorbid types. Differences in demographic variables (i.e., age, socio-economic status) and individual characteristics (i.e., self-esteem, dysfunctional cognitions, cognitive capabilities) predicted profile type memberships and longitudinal transitions between types. KW - Adolescence KW - Person-centered approach KW - Depression KW - Aggression KW - Academic achievement Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2017.08.003 SN - 0193-3973 SN - 1873-7900 VL - 53 SP - 40 EP - 53 PB - Elsevier CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tetzner, Julia A1 - Bondue, Rebecca A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - Family risk factors and buffering factors for child internalizing and externalizing problems JF - Journal of applied developmental psychology N2 - Detrimental effects of adverse family conditions for children's wellbeing are well-documented, but little is known about the impact of specific risk factors, or about potential protective factors that buffer the effects of family risk factors on negative development. We investigated the impact of five important family risk factors (e.g., parental conflict) on internalizing and externalizing problems and the potential buffering effects of peer acceptance and academic skills at two measurement points two years apart in 1195 7-to 10-year-olds (T1: M-Age = 8.54). Latent change models showed that increases in risk factors over the two years predicted increasing internalizing and externalizing problems. Parental conflict was the most impactful risk factor, although peer acceptance and academic skills showed some buffering effects. The results highlight the necessity of investigating cumulative and single risk factors, specifically interparental conflict, and emphasize the need to strengthen children's internal and social resources to buffer the effects of adverse family conditions. KW - psychological problems KW - family risk factors KW - protective factors KW - parental conflict KW - academic skills KW - peer acceptance Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2022.101395 SN - 0193-3973 SN - 1873-7900 VL - 80 PB - Elsevier CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Skowronski, Marika A1 - Busching, Robert A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - Links between exposure to sexualized Instagram images and body image concerns in girls and boys JF - Journal of media psychology N2 - The current study examined the links between viewing female and male sexualized Instagram images (SII) and body image concerns within the three-step process of self-objectification among adolescents aged 13-18 years from Germany (N = 300, 61% female). Participants completed measures of SII use, thin- and muscular-ideal internalization, valuing appearance over competence, and body surveillance. Structural equation modeling revealed that SII use was associated with body image concerns for boys and girls via different routes. Specifically, female SII use was indirectly associated with higher body surveillance via thin-ideal internalization and subsequent valuing appearance over competence for girls. For both girls and boys, male SII use was indirectly linked to higher body surveillance via muscular-ideal internalization. Implications for the three-step model of self-objectification by sexualized social media are discussed. KW - social media KW - sexualization KW - body image concerns KW - self-objectification; KW - body surveillance Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000296 SN - 1864-1105 SN - 2151-2388 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 55 EP - 62 PB - Hogrefe & Huber Publ. [u.a.] CY - Göttingen ER -