TY - JOUR A1 - Wiemann, Dirk T1 - George, Rosemary Marangoly, Indian English and the Fiction of National Literature / [rezensiert von] Dirk Wiemann JF - Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik : ZAA ; a quarterly of language, literature and culture N2 - Rezensiertes Werk George, Rosemary Marangoly, Indian English and the Fiction of National Literature - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013. - Hb. viii, 285 pp. - (Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik ; 62(4)) ISBN 978-1-107-04000-7. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zaa-2014-0039 SN - 0044-2305 SN - 2196-4726 VL - 62 IS - 4 SP - 385 EP - 388 PB - DeGruyter CY - Tübingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiemann, Dirk A1 - Mahlberg, Gaby ED - Wiemann, Dirk ED - Mahlberg, Gaby T1 - Introduction : Perspectives on English revolutionary republicanism JF - Perspectives on English revolutionary republicanism Y1 - 2014 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Ashgate CY - Farnham ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Wiemann, Dirk A1 - Mahlberg, Gaby A1 - Dzelzainis, Martin A1 - Cuttica, Cesare A1 - Lottes, Günther A1 - Davis, J. C. A1 - Pankratz, Anette A1 - Sedlmayr, Gerold A1 - Vallance, Edward A1 - Vanderbeke, Dirk A1 - Borot, Luc A1 - Champion, Justin A1 - Burgess, Glenn ED - Wiemann, Dirk ED - Mahlberg, Gaby T1 - Perspectives on English revolutionary republicanism N2 - Perspectives on English Revolutionary Republicanism takes stock of developments in the scholarship of seventeenth-century English republicanism by looking at the movements and schools of thought that have shaped the field over the decades: the linguistic turn, the cultural turn and the religious turn. While scholars of seventeenth-century republicanism share their enthusiasm for their field, they have approached their subject in diverse ways. The contributors to the present volume have taken the opportunity to bring these approaches together in a number of case studies covering republican language, republican literary and political culture, and republican religion, to paint a lively picture of the state of the art in republican scholarship. The volume begins with three chapters influenced by the theory and methodology of the linguistic turn, before moving on to address cultural history approaches to English republicanism, including both literary culture and (practical) political culture. The final section of the volume looks at how religion intersected with ideas of republican thought. Taken together the essays demonstrate the vitality and diversity of what was once regarded as a narrow topic of political research. KW - Großbritannien KW - Republikanismus KW - Geschichte 1600-1700 KW - Republicanism KW - Great Britain KW - History KW - 17th century Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-1-4094-5567-7 PB - Ashgate CY - Farnham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiemers, Michael A1 - Bekkering, Harold A1 - Lindemann, Oliver T1 - Spatial interferences in mental arithmetic: Evidence from the motion-arithmetic compatibility effect JF - The quarterly journal of experimental psychology N2 - Recent research on spatial number representations suggests that the number space is not necessarily horizontally organized and might also be affected by acquired associations between magnitude and sensory experiences in vertical space. Evidence for this claim is, however, controversial. The present study now aims to compare vertical and horizontal spatial associations in mental arithmetic. In Experiment 1, participants solved addition and subtraction problems and indicated the result verbally while moving their outstretched right arm continuously left-, right-, up-, or downwards. The analysis of the problem-solving performances revealed a motion-arithmetic compatibility effect for spatial actions along both the horizontal and the vertical axes. Performances in additions was impaired while making downward compared to upward movements as well as when moving left compared to right and vice versa in subtractions. In Experiment 2, instead of being instructed to perform active body movements, participants calculated while the problems moved in one of the four relative directions on the screen. For visual motions, only the motion-arithmetic compatibility effect for the vertical dimension could be replicated. Taken together, our findings provide first evidence for an impact of spatial processing on mental arithmetic. Moreover, the stronger effect of the vertical dimension supports the idea that mental calculations operate on representations of numerical magnitude that are grounded in a vertically organized mental number space. KW - Mental arithmetic KW - Numerical cognition KW - Spatial-numerical associations KW - Embodied cognition Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2014.889180 SN - 1747-0218 SN - 1747-0226 VL - 67 IS - 8 SP - 1557 EP - 1570 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - THES A1 - Wienhöfer, Jan T1 - On the role of structure-process interactions in controlling terrestrial systems : an exemplare of hillslope hydrology and a slow-moving landslide Y1 - 2014 CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiggering, Hubert T1 - The geology - land use - nexus JF - Environmental earth sciences KW - Multifunctionality KW - Site-adequate land use KW - Ecosystem services KW - Land use conception Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2908-8 SN - 1866-6280 SN - 1866-6299 VL - 71 IS - 12 SP - 5037 EP - 5044 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilkens, Martin A1 - Sütterlin, Sabine A1 - Kampe, Heike A1 - Eckardt, Barbara A1 - Jäger, Sophie A1 - Zimmermann, Matthias T1 - Portal Wissen = Time BT - The Research Magazine of the University of Potsdam N2 - “What then is time?”, Augustine of Hippo sighs melancholically in Book XI of “Confessions” and continues, “If no one asks me, I know; if I want to explain it to a questioner, I don’t know.” Even today, 1584 years after Augustine, time still appears mysterious. Treatises about the essence of time fill whole libraries – and this magazine. However, questions of essence are alien to modern sciences. Time is – at least in physics – unproblematic: “Time is defined so that motion looks simple”, briefly and prosaically phrased, waves goodbye to Augustine’s riddle and to the Newtonian concept of absolute time, whose mathematical flow can only be approximately recorded with earthly instruments anyway. In our everyday language and even in science we still speak of the flow of time but time has not been a natural condition for quite a while now. It is rather a conventional order parameter for change and movement. Processes are arranged by using a class of processes as a counting system in order to compare other processes and to organize them with the help of the temporary categories “before”, “during”, and “after”. During Galileo’s time one’s own pulse was seen as the time standard for the flight of cannon balls. More sophisticated examination methods later made this seem too impractical. The distance-time diagrams of free-flying cannon balls turned out to be rather imprecise, difficult to replicate, and in no way “simple”. Nowadays, we use cesium atoms. A process is said to take one second when a caesium-133 atom completes 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of the ground state. A meter is the length of the path travelled by light in a vacuum in exactly 1/299,792,458 of a second. Fortunately, these data are hard-coded in the Global Positioning System GPS so users do not have to reenter them each time they want to know where they are. In the future, however, they might have to download an app because the time standard has been replaced by sophisticated transitions to ytterbium. The conventional character of the time concept should not tempt us to believe that everything is somehow relative and, as a result, arbitrary. The relation of one’s own pulse to an atomic clock is absolute and as real as the relation of an hourglass to the path of the sun. The exact sciences are relational sciences. They are not about the thing-initself as Newton and Kant dreamt, but rather about relations as Leibniz and, later, Mach pointed out. It is not surprising that the physical time standard turned out to be rather impractical for other scientists. The psychology of time perception tells us – and you will all agree – that the perceived age is quite different from the physical age. The older we get the shorter the years seem. If we simply assume that perceived duration is inversely related to physical age and that a 20-year old also perceives a physical year as a psychological one, we come to the surprising discovery that at 90 years we are 90 years old. With an assumed life expectancy of 90 years, 67% (or 82%) of your felt lifetime is behind you at the age of 20 (or 40) physical years. Before we start to wallow in melancholy in the face of the “relativity of time”, let me again quote Augustine. “But at any rate this much I dare affirm I know: that if nothing passed there would be no past time; if nothing were approaching, there would be no future time; if nothing were, there would be no present time.” Well, – or as Bob Dylan sings “The times they are a-changin”. I wish you an exciting time reading this issue. Prof. Martin Wilkens Professor of Quantum Optics T3 - Portal Wissen: The research magazine of the University of Potsdam [Englische Ausgabe] - 02/2014 Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-441497 SN - 2198-9974 IS - 02/2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Williams, Daniel A1 - Escudero, Paola T1 - A cross-dialectal acoustic comparison of vowels in Northern and Southern British English JF - The journal of the Acoustical Society of America N2 - This study compares the duration and first two formants (F1 and F2) of 11 nominal monophthongs and five nominal diphthongs in Standard Southern British English (SSBE) and a Northern English dialect. F1 and F2 trajectories were fitted with parametric curves using the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and the zeroth DCT coefficient represented formant trajectory means and the first DCT coefficient represented the magnitude and direction of formant trajectory change to characterize vowel inherent spectral change (VISC). Cross-dialectal comparisons involving these measures revealed significant differences for the phonologically back monophthongs /D, , , u:/ and also /3z:/ and the diphthongs /eI, e, aI, I/. Most cross-dialectal differences are in zeroth DCT coefficients, suggesting formant trajectory means tend to characterize such differences, while first DCT coefficient differences were more numerous for diphthongs. With respect to VISC, the most striking differences are that /u:/is considerably more diphthongized in the Northern dialect and that the F2 trajectory of /e/proceeds in opposite directions in the two dialects. Cross-dialectal differences were found to be largely unaffected by the consonantal context in which the vowels were produced. The implications of the results are discussed in relation to VISC, consonantal context effects and speech perception. (c) 2014 Acoustical Society of America. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4896471 SN - 0001-4966 SN - 1520-8524 VL - 136 IS - 5 SP - 2751 EP - 2761 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - Melville ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Williams, Daniel A1 - Escudero, Paola T1 - Influences of listeners' native and other dialects on cross-language vowel perception JF - Frontiers in psychology KW - non-native speech perception KW - native dialects KW - non-native dialects KW - speech production KW - acoustic phonetics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01065 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 5 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wimmelbacher, Matthias A1 - Börnke, Frederik T1 - Redox activity of thioredoxin z and fructokinase-like protein 1 is dispensable for autotrophic growth of Arabidopsis thaliana JF - Journal of experimental botany N2 - Redox modulation of protein activity by thioredoxins (TRXs) plays a key role in cellular regulation. Thioredoxin z (TRX z) and its interaction partner fructokinase-like protein 1 (FLN1) represent subunits of the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP), suggesting a role of both proteins in redox regulation of chloroplast gene expression. Loss of TRX z or FLN1 expression generates a PEP-deficient phenotype and renders the plants incapable to grow autotrophically. This study shows that PEP function in trx z and fln1 plants can be restored by complementation with redox-inactive TRX z C106S and FLN1 C(105/106)A protein variants, respectively. The complemented plants showed wild-type levels of chloroplast gene expression and were restored in photosynthetic capacity, indicating that redox regulation of PEP through TRX z/FLN1 per se is not essential for autotrophic growth. Promoter-reporter gene studies indicate that TRX z and FLN1 are expressed during early phases of leaf development while expression ceases at maturation. Taken together, our data support a model in which TRX z and FLN1 are essential structural components of the PEP complex and their redox activity might only play a role in the fine tuning of PEP function. KW - Chloroplast transcription KW - FLN1 KW - plastid-encoded RNA polymerase KW - redox regulation KW - thioredoxins KW - TRX z Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru122 SN - 0022-0957 SN - 1460-2431 VL - 65 IS - 9 SP - 2405 EP - 2413 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER -