TY  - RPRT
A1  - Caliendo, Marco
A1  - Graeber, Daniel
A1  - Kritikos, Alexander
A1  - Seebauer, Johannes
T1  - Pandemic Depression: COVID-19 and the Mental Health of the Self-Employed
T2  - CEPA Discussion Papers
N2  - We investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-employed people’s mental health. Using representative longitudinal survey data from Germany, we reveal differential effects by gender: whereas self-employed women experienced a substantial deterioration in their mental health, self-employed men displayed no significant changes up to early 2021. Financial losses are important in explaining these differences. In addition, we find larger mental health responses among self-employed women who were directly affected by government-imposed restrictions and bore an increased childcare burden due to school and daycare closures. We also find that self-employed individuals who are more resilient coped better with the crisis.
T3  - CEPA Discussion Papers - 46 
KW  - self-employment
KW  - COVID-19
KW  - mental health
KW  - gender
KW  - representative longitudinal survey data
KW  - PHQ-4 score
KW  - resilience
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-548999
SN  - 2628-653X
IS  - 46
ER  - 
TY  - RPRT
A1  - Graeber, Daniel
A1  - Schikora, Felicitas
T1  - Hate is too great a burden to bear
BT  - Hate crimes and the mental health of refugees
T2  - CEPA Discussion Papers
N2  - Against a background of increasing violence against non-natives, we estimate the effect of hate crime on refugees’ mental health in Germany. For this purpose, we combine two datasets: administrative records on xenophobic crime against refugee shelters by the Federal Criminal Office and the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees. We apply a regression discontinuity in time design to estimate the effect of interest. Our results indicate that hate crime has a substantial negative effect on several mental health indicators, including the Mental Component Summary score and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 score. The effects are stronger for refugees with closer geographic proximity to the focal hate crime and refugees with low country-specific human capital. While the estimated effect is only transitory, we argue that negative mental health shocks during the critical period after arrival have important long-term consequences. Keywords: Mental health, hate crime, migration, refugees, human capital.
T3  - CEPA Discussion Papers - 31 
KW  - mental health
KW  - hate crime
KW  - migration
KW  - refugees
KW  - human capital
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-507972
SN  - 2628-653X
IS  - 31
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kühne, Franziska
A1  - Fauth, Henriette
A1  - Destina Sevde, Ay-Bryson
A1  - Visser, Leonie N.C.
A1  - Weck, Florian
T1  - Communicating the diagnosis of cancer or depression: Results of a randomized controlled online study using video vignettes
JF  - Cancer Medicine
N2  - Background
Communicating a diagnosis is highly important, yet complex, especially in the context of cancer and mental disorders. The aim was to explore the communication style of an oncologist vs. psychotherapist in an online study.

Methods
Patients (N = 136: 65 cancer, 71 depression) were randomly assigned to watch a standardized video vignette with one of two communication styles (empathic vs. unempathic). Outcome measures of affectivity, information recall, communication skills, empathy and trust were applied.

Results
Regardless of diagnosis, empathic communication was associated with the perception of a significantly more empathic (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.08) and trustworthy practitioner (p = 0.014, η2partial = 0.04) with better communication skills (p = 0.013, η2partial = 0.05). Cancer patients reported a larger decrease in positive affect (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.15) and a larger increase in negative affect (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.14) from pre- to post-video than depressive patients. Highly relevant information was recalled better in both groups (p < 0.001, d = 0.61–1.06). 

Conclusions
The results highlight the importance of empathy while communicating both a diagnosis of cancer and a mental disorder. Further research should focus on the communication of a mental disorder in association with cancer.
KW  - consultation
KW  - mental health
KW  - oncology
KW  - psycho-oncology
KW  - skills
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.4396
SN  - 2045-7634
VL  - 10
SP  - 9012
EP  - 9021
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
ET  - 24
ER  -