TY  - JOUR
A1  - Stadion, Mandy
A1  - Schürmann, Annette
T1  - Intermittent fasting
T1  - Intermittierendes Fasten
BT  - What effects does it have in humans?
BT  - Welche Effekte hat es beim Menschen?
JF  - Psychotherapeut
N2  - A long-term positive energy balance leads to overweight and obesity. Adiposity is the main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and cancer and is often accompanied by depression. The increasing prevalence creates a major problem for the healthcare system. The conservative management of obesity strives for weight loss by reducing the daily caloric intake and increasing physical activity as well as an improvement in the quality of life supported by psychological interventions. For reducing body weight, intermittent fasting represents an alternative to continuous calorie restriction as it can be easily integrated into daily life. In this form of diet calorie intake is limited in time, i.e. on 2 days in the week or 6-10 h per day. Animal and human studies provide evidence that intermittent fasting over a longer time period is a suitable method to decrease body fat and to improve many metabolic parameters. Fasting alters metabolism and activates specific cellular pathways. These have not only cardioprotective effects but also neuroprotective and antidepressive effects. In this article the currently discussed mechanisms induced by intermittent fasting are highlighted and the essential observations from randomized controlled human trials are presented.
KW  - Obesity
KW  - Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
KW  - Insulin sensitivity
KW  - Metabolic flexibility
KW  - Circadian rhythm
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-020-00471-5
SN  - 0935-6185
SN  - 1432-2080
VL  - 66
IS  - 1
SP  - 23
EP  - 27
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hoffmann, Svenja
A1  - Warschburger, Petra
T1  - Body image in obese children and adolescents. Body dissatisfaction and body size perception in relation to quality of life and weight loss
JF  - Psychotherapeut
N2  - Body dissatisfaction and an unrealistic perception of own body size are particularly common in obese children and adolescents; however, little is known about the association with weight-related quality of life and the impact on successful long-term weight loss.
 At the beginning of an inpatient child obesity rehabilitation program, 408 children and adolescents aged 9-12 years completed a questionnaire on body image (body silhouettes) and a body weight-specific questionnaire for overweight and obese children and adolescents (GW-LQ-KJ) on quality of life. Height and weight were measured by a physician at the beginning and 1 year after inpatient hospitalization.
 Of the participants 91.9 % reported body dissatisfaction and 75.7 % underestimated their own body size. There were no gender-specific differences in body dissatisfaction but boys perceived their body size more realistically than girls. Participants with body dissatisfaction and realistic body size perception showed a reduced weight-related quality of life. Those participants who realistically perceived their body size also lost less weight in the long term.
 The subjective underestimation of body size proved to be important for reduced weight-related quality of life and more pronounced long-term weight loss; therefore, body image should be taken into account in multimodal treatment programs.
KW  - Body size perception
KW  - Quality of life
KW  - Weight loss
KW  - Obesity
KW  - Questionnaire
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-015-0060-5
SN  - 0935-6185
SN  - 1432-2080
VL  - 60
IS  - 6
SP  - 498
EP  - 504
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  -