TY - JOUR A1 - Küttner, Uwe-Alexander T1 - Tying sequences together with the [that’s + wh-clause] format BT - on (retro-)sequential junctures in conversation JF - Research on language and social interaction N2 - This article explores a sequence organizational phenomenon that results from the use of a loosely specifiable turn format (viz., That's + wh-clause) for launching (next) sequences while at the same time connecting back to a prior turn. Using this practice creates a sequential juncture, i.e., a pivot-like nexus between one sequence and a next. In third position, such junctures serve to accomplish seamless sequential transitions from one sequence into a next by presenting the latter as locally occasioned. The practice may, however, also be deployed in second position to launch actions that have not been made relevant or provided for by the preceding action and exhibit response relevance themselves. The sequential junctures then become retro-sequential in character: They transform the projected trajectory of the sequence in progress and create interlocking sequential structures. These findings highlight that sequence is practice, while pointing to understudied interconnections between tying and sequentiality. Data are in English. KW - answers KW - organization KW - questions KW - responses Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/08351813.2020.1739422 SN - 0835-1813 SN - 1532-7973 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 247 EP - 270 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gnädig, Susanne A1 - Seidel, Astrid A1 - Siehr, Karl-Heinz A1 - Wienecke, Maik T1 - Das Tagespraktikum im Fokus – Eine Analyse aus fachdidaktischer Sicht JF - Professionalisierung in Praxisphasen : Ergebnisse der Lehrerbildungsforschung an der Universität Potsdam (Potsdamer Beiträge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung ; 2) N2 - Die fachdidaktischen Tagespraktika (FTP) bilden ein Kernelement im Potsdamer Modell der Lehrerbildung, weist man ihnen doch eine „studienleitende Funktion“ zu. Wie aber realisiert sich diese Funktion in den einzelnen Fächern an der Universität Potsdam und welche Folgen ergeben sich für die Ausbildung der Lehramtsstudierenden ? Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage wurde eine Analyse der Verankerung der FTP in allen Studienordnungen hinsichtlich qualitativer (Inhalte und Ziele, Prüfungsformen, Belegungsvoraussetzungen) und quantitativer (Leistungspunkte, Semesterwochenstunden) Kriterien durchgeführt. Leitfadengestützte Interviews mit verantwortlichen Fachdidaktikerinnen und Fachdidaktikern dienten der Untersuchung der konkreten Umsetzung und der Relevanzzuschreibung. Ziel war es, durch das Zusammenführen beider Zugänge – der realiter existierenden Curricula, der individualisierten Praktiken sowie der subjektiven Überzeugungen – ein Verständnis eben jener „studienleitenden Funktion“ zu erlangen und anschließend Diskussions- und Handlungsfelder für die Weiterentwicklung des FTP herauszuarbeiten. N2 - The teaching internship (FTP) in the bachelor’s degree program has always been one core element of the Potsdam model of teacher education, which is assigned nothing less than a “study guiding function”. But how is this function interpreted and put into practice by the different departments of the University of Potsdam, and what are the consequences for the training of pre-service teachers ? In order to answer these questions, this article examines how the FTP is implemented in the study regulations with regard to qualitative criteria (contents and goals, forms of examination, requirements for enrollment) and quantitative criteria (credit points, workload). It also asks for the relevance of the FTP by conducting guided interviews with responsible lecturers. Combining both approaches – the analysis of existing curricula and the individualized practices as well as the subjective believes of the lecturers – we gain an understanding of the so-called “study guiding function” of the FTP and are thus able to elaborate areas for discussion for the development of the FTP. Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-570742 SN - 978-3-86956-508-8 SN - 2626-3556 SN - 2626-4722 IS - 2 SP - 91 EP - 121 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pittel, Harald T1 - Fin du globe BT - Oscar Wilde’s romance with decadence and the idea of world literature JF - Thesis eleven : critical theory and historical sociology N2 - This essay argues that Oscar Wilde noticeably contributed to the emerging discourse about world literature, even though his views in this regard have to be unearthed from the margins of his works, from his early and unpublished American lectures and 'between the lines' of his major critical essays. Wilde's implicit ideas around world literature can be understood as being closely related to his broader endeavour of redirecting and revaluing the pejorative discourse around 'decadence' in art and literature. More specifically, the arch-aesthete preferred to use the word 'romance' rather than 'decadence' (a term he hardly used at all in his writings), signalling a sensitivity attuned to what he called the 'love of things impossible'. This reconceptualization of the decadent outlook was to inspire a critical ideal of literature which relied on creatively activating the other as Other, culminating in a vision of intersubjective, transcultural and unlimited literary communication. Wilde's thought can be more specifically understood as anticipating central tenets of Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak's evocations of the planetary, thus preparing the way for an alterity-oriented understanding of literary cosmopolitanism. KW - debt KW - decadence KW - planetarity KW - romance KW - world literature Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0725513621994702 SN - 0725-5136 SN - 1461-7455 VL - 162 IS - 1 SP - 121 EP - 136 PB - Sage CY - London ER - TY - JOUR ED - Behrendt, Aileen Jorena ED - Courtman, Nicholas T1 - Writing the economic subject in modern western Europe BT - representation, contestation, critique JF - Literature, Culture, Economy JF - Literatur, Kultur, Ökonomie N2 - This book explores how capitalism shapes the formation of the economic subject in modern European writing. How are subject positions determined by the subject’s relationship to money and work? How fair is a society that predicates social inclusion upon employment? And what happens when full employment is impossible? The volume traces how literary authors and social theorists have answered these questions in different social and historical contexts from the nineteenth century to the present day. The contributions confront the imperatives of productivity, notions of success and failure, the construction of work cultures and environments, the (in)visibility of certain labour groups, and the implications of the body as a productive site. Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-631-83999-7 SN - 978-3-631-85753-3 SN - 978-3-631-85755-7 SN - 978-3-631-85754-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3726/b18541 SN - 2364-1304 IS - 9 PB - Lang CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilke, Heinrich T1 - Character and perspective in cosmic horror BT - Lovecraft and Kiernan JF - Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik : a quarterly of language, literature and cultur N2 - Despite their overt focus on inexplicable alien forces, cosmic horror stories are also determined by their human cast. Far from being merely fodder for horror, the characters significantly contribute to the generation of meaning, including that of the supernatural entity or phenomenon itself. The same holds for the narrators' (implicitly) political perspectives on the world of which they are part. Much of the perspective propounded in Lovecraft's cosmic horror stories partakes of myth, adopting in particular the latter's universal view and pronounced sidelining of humanity as a whole, which it intensifies to the point of horror. Appearances to the contrary notwithstanding, this universal perspective is consistent with the racism permeating and structuring Lovecraft's writing. Though eschewing racism and universalism, the cosmic horror of Kiernan's "Tidal Forces" negotiates literary reflections of colonialism from an unreflective white perspective. KW - cosmic horror KW - H. P. Lovecraft KW - Caitlin R. Kiernan KW - race and whiteness KW - fiction Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zaa-2021-2038 SN - 0044-2305 SN - 2196-4726 VL - 69 IS - 2 SP - 173 EP - 190 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - THES A1 - Madörin, Anouk T1 - Postcolonial surveillance BT - Europe's border technologies between colony and crisis T2 - Challenging Migration Studies N2 - Postcolonial Surveillance investigates the long history of the European border regime, focusing on the colonial forerunners of today’s border technologies. The book takes a longue durée perspective to uncover how Europe’s colonial history continues to shape the high-tech political present and has morphed into EU border migration policies, border security, and surveillance apparatuses. It exposes the racial hierarchies and power relations that form these systems and highlights key moments when the past and present interact and collide, such as in panoptic surveillance, biopolitical registers, biometric sorting, and deterrent media infrastructure. The technological genealogies assembled in this book reveal the unacknowledged histories that had to be rejected for the seemingly clean, unbiased, and neutral technologies to emerge as such. KW - surveillance KW - postcolonial KW - Europe KW - border KW - refugees KW - migration Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-5381-6503-4 SN - 978-1-5381-6504-1 PB - Rowman & Littlefield CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kunow, Rüdiger T1 - The biology of geography disease disease and disease ecologies in the Americas JF - The Routledge companion to inter-American studies Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-1-315-64498-1 SN - 978-1-138-18467-1 SP - 296 EP - 307 PB - Routledge CY - Abingdon ER - TY - THES A1 - Egorova, Alisa T1 - Hunting Down Animal Verbs BT - An Investigation into the Mechanisms of Meaning Transfer Underlying English Verbal Zoosemy N2 - Language change is an essential feature of human language, and it is therefore one of the focal areas of the scientific study of language. Language change is always tacitly at work in all languages of the world and at all levels of a given language, be it phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, etc. It has been suggested that it is precisely the capacity to constantly change and adjust that allows language to keep serving the communicative goals of its users, from ancient to modern times (Fauconnier & Turner, 2003, p. 179). This thesis investigates an especially salient pattern of lexicogrammatical change, namely word-formation of verbs from animal nouns by zero-derivation, in the process of which such nouns as, for example, dog, horse, or beaver change their usage and meaning to produce animal verbs: to dog ‘to follow someone persistently and with a malicious intent’, to horse about/around ‘to make fun of, to ‘rag’, to ridicule someone’ and to beaver away ‘to work at working with great enthusiasm’ respectively. In the previous literature this pattern of language change has been termed verbal zoosemy (e.g. Kiełtyka, 2016), i.e. metaphorical construal of human actions by means of linguistic material from the domain of animals. The approach taken in this study is not to simply report on the objective changes in the morphology, syntactic distribution and meaning of such linguistic units before and after conversion, but to uncover the complexity of cognitive mechanisms which allow the speakers of English to reclassify such well-established nominal units as animal noun into verbs. It is assumed that the grammatical change in these lexical units is predicated on and triggered by preceding semantic change. Thus, the study is set in the framework of Cognitive Historical Semantics and employs the Conceptual Metaphor and Metonymy Theory (CMMT) to untangle the intricacies of the semantic change making the grammatical change of animal nouns into verbs possible and acceptable in the minds of English speakers. To this end, this study employed the Oxford English Dictionary Online (OED Online) to compile a glossary of 96 denominal animal verbal forms tied to 209 verbal senses (most verbs in the dataset displayed polysemy). The data collected from the OED Online included not only the senses of the verbs, but also the date of the earliest recorded use of the verbal form with the given sense (regarded in the study as the date of conversion), the earliest usage examples for individual senses and morphologically or semantically related linguistic units from the lexical field of the respective parent noun which were amenable to explaining the observed instances of semantic change. Each instance of zoosemisation, i.e. of the creation of a separate metaphorical verbal sense, was then carefully analysed on the basis of the data collected and classified with the help of the CMMT. In the final stage, a comprehensive and systematic classification of the senses of animal verbs in accordance with the cognitive mechanisms of their creation (metaphor, metonymy, or a combination thereof) was produced together with a timeline of the first appearance of individual metaphorical senses of animal verbs recorded in the OED. The results show that animal verbs are produced through the interaction of conceptual metaphor and metonymy. Specifically, it was established that two major patterns of metaphor-metonymy interaction underpinning the process of verbal zoosemisation are metaphor from metonymy and metonymy from metaphor. In the former pattern, either an already existing metonymic animal verb is expanded to include the target domain PEOPLE, or the animal noun itself acts as a metonymic vehicle to a certain element of the idealised cognitive model of the given animal, which is metaphorically projected onto people. In the latter mechanism, a metaphorical projection of an animal term initially enters the lexicon in the form of a metaphorical animal noun referring to a human entity, and later in the course of language development it comes to metonymically stand for the action, which the given entity either performs or is involved in. Secondarily, it was observed that individual animal nouns can undergo multiple rounds of zoosemic conversion over time depending on the semantic frame in which the given linguistic unit undergoes denominal conversion, and that results in the polysemy of most animal verbs. N2 - Die Masterarbeit untersucht das Phänomen der verbalen Zoosemie im Englischen. Der Begriff verbale Zoosemie steht für Nullableitung von substantivischen Tiernamen zu Verben, die sich metaphorisch auf hauptsächlich von Menschen (aber zum Teil auch von nicht belebten Entitäten oder Tieren) ausgeführte Handlungen beziehen, z.B. von beaver ‚Bieber‘ zu to beaver away ‚fieberhaft an etwas arbeiten‘ oder von horse ‚Pferd‘ zu to horse around ‚rumalbern, rumblöden‘. Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist es im Rahmen der kognitiven Linguistik, und insbesondere einer ihrer Tochterdisziplinen, nämlich historischer Semantik, zu bestimmen, welche kognitiven Mechanismen solche Phänomene des Sprachwandels für die Sprecher verständlich machen bzw. ermöglichen. Dafür wurden 96 zoosemische Verben, samt den vom Oxford English Dictionary Online angebotenen Definitionen und datierten Beispielsätzen, zusammengetragen und unter Anwendung der kognitiven Methapher- und Metonymietheorie analysiert. Im Anschluss wurde eine Klassifizierung der zoosemischen Verben im Englischen unternommen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Nullableitung von substantivischen Tiernamen zu Verben auf zwei grundsätzliche kognitive Mechanismen zurückzuführen ist, nämlich Metonymisierung gefolgt von Metaphorisierung oder Metaphorisierung gefolgt von Metonymisierung. Im ersten Fall wird entweder ein bereits lexikalisiertes metonymisches Verb oder der substantivische Tiername, der metonymisch für ein Attribut des Tieres steht, metaphorisch auf Menschenhandlungen projiziert, z.B. von to hound ‚etwas mithilfe eines Jagdhunds jagen’ zu to hound ‚wie ein Jagdhund verfolgen’ bzw. von rabbit ‚Karnickel’ zu to rabbit ‚sich wie Karnickel vermehren’. Im zweiten Fall wird der Tiername zunächst als metaphorisches Substantiv, das sich auf eine Person oder einen Gegenstand bezieht, lexikalisiert, z.B. rat ‚Verräter, Petze’ bzw. pony ‘Spickzettel’. Im weiteren Verlauf des Sprachwandels wird dieses Substantiv durch die Metonymie AGENT FOR ACTION oder OBJECT INVOLVED IN ACTION FOR ACTION zum Verben abgeleitet, z.B. to rat ‚verpetzen, verpfeifen’ bzw. to pony ‚spicken’. Zur Metaphorisierung gefolgt von Metonymisierung gehört eine weitere Subkategorie von zoosemischen Verben, nämlich die Verben die metonymisch für ganze metaphorische Redewendungen stehen, z.b. to wolf für to cry wolf ‚falschen Alarm geben’. Eine Erklärung zu dieser Art von metonymischer Verknüpfung zwischen der Semantik einer ganzen idiomatischen Redewendung und dem Bedeutungsinhalt eines ihrer substantivischen Elemente, das zum Verben konvertiert wird, konnte in der einschlägigen Literatur nicht gefunden werden. Daher bedarf dieser Mechanismus metonymischen Bedeutungstransfers weiterer Forschung. Die quantitative Analyse der identifizierten kognitiven Mechanismen im untersuchten Datensatz von 96 Tierverben hat ergeben, dass die metaphorische Projektion eines Tiernamens, der metonymisch für ein Attribut des Tieres steht, als der prototypische Mechanismus des Bedeutungstranfers der Englischen Zoosemie zu werten ist. KW - denominal verbs KW - conversion KW - conceptual metaphor KW - conceptual metonymy KW - animal metaphor KW - verbal zoosemy KW - language change KW - Tiermetaphern KW - konzeptuelle Metapher KW - konzeptuelle Metonymie KW - Konvestion KW - Nullableitung KW - Nullderivation KW - Denominalisierung KW - denominale Ableitung KW - Sprachwandel KW - verbale Zoosemie Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-557705 N1 - Neither Appendix 1 nor Appendix 2 are included in this publication on the grounds that both serve as basis for further research that is being conducted by the author at the PhD level. A review of data is possible upon contacting the author per email. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Spahn, Hannah T1 - Rezension zu: Helo, Ari, Thomas Jefferson's ethics and the politics of human progress: the morality of a slaveholder. - New York, NY: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2014. - ISBN 978-1-107-04078-6 JF - Journal of the Early Republic KW - Thomas Jefferson KW - Ethics KW - Progress KW - Racism KW - Slavery Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1353/jer.2017.0010 SN - 0275-1275 SN - 1553-0620 VL - 37 IS - 1 SP - 170 EP - 173 PB - University of Pennsylvania Press CY - Philadelphia ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiemann, Dirk T1 - Indian Writing in English and the Discrepant Zones of World Literature JF - Anglia : journal of English philology N2 - For world literature studies, Indian writing in English offers an exceptionally rich and variegated field of analysis: On the one hand, a set of prominent Indian or diasporic writers accrues substantial literary capital through metropolitan review circuits and award systems and thus maintains the high international visibility that Indian writing in English has acquired ever since the early 1980s. Addressing a readership that spans countries and continents, this kind of writing functions as a viable tributary to world literature. On the other hand, a new boom of Indian mass fiction in English has emerged that, while targeting a strictly domestic audience, is always already implicated in the dynamics of world literature as well, albeit in a very different way: As they deploy, appropriate and adopt a wide range of globally available templates of popular genres, these texts have globality inscribed into their very textures even if they do not circulate internationally. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/ang-2017-0008 SN - 0340-5222 SN - 1865-8938 VL - 135 IS - 1 SP - 122 EP - 139 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER -