TY - JOUR A1 - Hortobagyi, Tibor A1 - Lesinski, Melanie A1 - Fernandez-del-Olmo, Miguel A1 - Granacher, Urs T1 - Small and inconsistent effects of whole body vibration on athletic performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis JF - European journal of applied physiology N2 - We quantified the acute and chronic effects of whole body vibration on athletic performance or its proxy measures in competitive and/or elite athletes. Systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Whole body vibration combined with exercise had an overall 0.3 % acute effect on maximal voluntary leg force (-6.4 %, effect size = -0.43, 1 study), leg power (4.7 %, weighted mean effect size = 0.30, 6 studies), flexibility (4.6 %, effect size = -0.12 to 0.22, 2 studies), and athletic performance (-1.9 %, weighted mean effect size = 0.26, 6 studies) in 191 (103 male, 88 female) athletes representing eight sports (overall effect size = 0.28). Whole body vibration combined with exercise had an overall 10.2 % chronic effect on maximal voluntary leg force (14.6 %, weighted mean effect size = 0.44, 5 studies), leg power (10.7 %, weighted mean effect size = 0.42, 9 studies), flexibility (16.5 %, effect size = 0.57 to 0.61, 2 studies), and athletic performance (-1.2 %, weighted mean effect size = 0.45, 5 studies) in 437 (169 male, 268 female) athletes (overall effect size = 0.44). Whole body vibration has small and inconsistent acute and chronic effects on athletic performance in competitive and/or elite athletes. These findings lead to the hypothesis that neuromuscular adaptive processes following whole body vibration are not specific enough to enhance athletic performance. Thus, other types of exercise programs (e.g., resistance training) are recommended if the goal is to improve athletic performance. KW - Exercise KW - Muscle KW - Force KW - Power KW - Skill KW - Reflex KW - Endocrine KW - Metabolism Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-015-3194-9 SN - 1439-6319 SN - 1439-6327 VL - 115 IS - 8 SP - 1605 EP - 1625 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krajenbrink, Trudy A1 - Nickels, Lyndsey A1 - Kohnen, Saskia T1 - Generalisation after treatment of acquired spelling impairments: A review JF - Neuropsychological rehabilitation N2 - This paper provides a comprehensive review of treatment studies of acquired dysgraphia and the occurrence of generalisation after this treatment. The aim is to examine what determines the occurrence of generalisation by investigating the link between the level of impairment, the method of treatment, and the outcome of therapy. We present the outcomes of treatment with regard to generalisation in 40 treatment studies. We derive general principles of generalisation which provide us with a better understanding of the mechanism of generalisation: (1) Direct treatment effects on representations or processes; (2) interactive processing and summation of activation; and (3) strategies and compensatory skills. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of the cognitive processes used for spelling. Finally, we provide suggestions for the direction of further research into this important area, as a better understanding of the mechanism of generalisation could maximise treatment effects for an individual with acquired dysgraphia. KW - Generalisation KW - Spelling KW - Treatment KW - Acquired dysgraphia Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2014.983135 SN - 0960-2011 SN - 1464-0694 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 503 EP - 554 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Martinez-Ferreiro, Silvia A1 - de Aguiar, Vania A1 - Rofes, Adria T1 - Non-fluent aphasia in Ibero-Romance: a review of morphosyntactic deficits JF - Aphasiology : an international, interdisciplinary journal N2 - Background: Castilian-Spanish, Catalan, Galician, and European Portuguese are the most widely spoken languages of the Ibero-Romance group. An increasing number of authors have addressed the impact of aphasia on the morphosyntax of these varieties. However, accurate linguistic characterisations are scarce and the different sources of data have not been yet compiled.Aims: To stimulate state-of-the-art research, we provided a comprehensive summary of morphosyntactic aspects of Ibero-Romance and a review of how these are affected in non-fluent aphasia. The topics we dealt with are the use of verb argument structure and morphology, sentential negation and word order, definite articles, personal and reflexive pronouns, passives, topicalised constructions, questions, and relative clauses.Methods & Procedures: An exhaustive fieldwork and search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline records were performed to retrieve studies focused on morphosyntactic issues concerning the Ibero-Romance varieties. A total of 27 studies produced by 46 authors of varying background emerged. We did not review studies of category-specific deficits and aspects related to bilingual aphasia, although we assume that most speakers of Galician and Catalan are bilingual. Studies of spontaneous speech were included when no controlled experimental tasks were available.Outcomes & Results: The morphosyntactic commonalities of Ibero-Romance have been tackled from different theoretical perspectives. There exist asymmetries in findings which we explain with the use of different tasks (and task complexity) and individual differences between participants.Conclusions: Discourse-linking factors as well as deviations from the canonical pattern are recurrent answers to these asymmetries. A comprehensive theory of impairments in non-fluent aphasia integrating relevant aspects of both structural and processing accounts seems necessary. KW - non-fluent aphasia KW - morphosyntax KW - Ibero-Romance Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2014.958915 SN - 0268-7038 SN - 1464-5041 VL - 29 IS - 1 SP - 101 EP - 126 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER -