TY - JOUR A1 - Streck, Charlotte T1 - Filling in for Governments? BT - the role of the private actors in the International Climate Regime JF - Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law N2 - The 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change abandons the Kyoto Protocol's paradigm of binding emissions targets and relies instead on countries' voluntary contributions. However, the Paris Agreement encourages not only governments but also sub-national governments, corporations and civil society to contribute to reaching ambitious climate goals. In a transition from the regulated architecture of the Kyoto Protocol to the open system of the Paris Agreement, the Agreement seeks to integrate non-state actors into the treaty-based climate regime. In 2014 the secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Peru and France created the Non-State Actor Zone for Climate Action (and launched the Global Climate Action portal). In December 2019, this portal recorded more than twenty thousand climate-commitments of private and public non-state entities, making the non-state venues of international climate meetings decisively more exciting than the formal negotiation space. This level engagement and governments' response to it raises a flurry of questions in relation to the evolving nature of the climate regime and climate change governance, including the role of private actors as standard setters and the lack of accountability mechanisms for non-state actions. This paper takes these developments as occasion to discuss the changing role of private actors in the climate regime. KW - climate action KW - Paris Agreement KW - non-state actors KW - soft law KW - accountability KW - private governance Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/18760104-01701003 SN - 1613-7272 SN - 1876-0104 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 28 PB - Martinus Nijhoff Pub CY - Leiden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hänel, Hilkje Charlotte T1 - Who’s to Blame? BT - Hermeneutical Misfire, Forward-Looking Responsibility, and Collective Accountability JF - Social Epistemology N2 - The main aim of this paper is to investigate how sexist ideology distorts our conceptions of sexual violence and the hermeneutical gaps such an ideology yields. I propose that we can understand the problematic issue of hermeneutical gaps about sexual violence with the help of Fricker’s theory of hermeneutical injustice. By distinguishing between hermeneutical injustice and hermeneutical misfire, we can distinguish between the hermeneutical gap and its consequences for the victim of sexual violence and those of the perpetrator of such violence. I then argue that perpetrators are both morally responsible and accountable for their acts, even if they are the result of a hermeneutical misfire. Ultimately, I show that with regard to sexual violence, we should opt for accountability to change the behaviour of the perpetrator and the social structure. Content warning: The paper discusses sexual violence and difficulties conceptualising experiences of such violence. KW - Sexist ideology KW - hermeneutical injustice KW - hermeneutical misfire KW - blame KW - moral responsibility KW - accountability Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02691728.2020.1839591 VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 173 EP - 184 PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jantz, Bastian A1 - Klenk, Tanja A1 - Larsen, Flemming A1 - Wiggan, Jay T1 - Marketization and Varieties of Accountability Relationships in Employment Services BT - Comparing Denmark, Germany, and Great Britain JF - Administration & society N2 - In the past decade, European countries have contracted out public employment service functions to activate working-age benefit clients. There has been limited discussion of how contracting out shapes the accountability of employment services or is shaped by alternative democratic, administrative, or network forms of accountability. This article examines employment service accountability in Germany, Denmark, and Great Britain. We find that market accountability instruments are additional instruments, not replacements. The findings highlight the importance of administrative and political instruments in legitimizing marketized service provision and shed light on the processes that lead to the development of a hybrid accountability model. KW - marketization KW - accountability KW - employment services KW - Denmark KW - Germany KW - Great Britain Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399715581622 SN - 0095-3997 SN - 1552-3039 VL - 50 IS - 3 SP - 321 EP - 345 PB - Sage Publ. CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ganghof, Steffen T1 - Reconciling Representation and Accountability: Three Visions of Democracy Compared JF - Government & opposition : an international journal of comparative politics N2 - An egalitarian approach to the fair representation of voters specifies three main institutional requirements: proportional representation, legislative majority rule and a parliamentary system of government. This approach faces two challenges: the under-determination of the resulting democratic process and the idea of a trade-off between equal voter representation and government accountability. Linking conceptual with comparative analysis, the article argues that we can distinguish three ideal-typical varieties of the egalitarian vision of democracy, based on the stages at which majorities are formed. These varieties do not put different relative normative weight onto equality and accountability, but have different conceptions of both values and their reconciliation. The view that accountability is necessarily linked to ‘clarity of responsibility’, widespread in the comparative literature, is questioned – as is the idea of a general trade-off between representation and accountability. Depending on the vision of democracy, the two values need not be in conflict. KW - visions of democracy KW - political equality KW - accountability Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/gov.2015.15 SN - 0017-257X SN - 1477-7053 VL - 51 SP - 209 EP - 233 PB - Cambridge Univ. Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klenk, Tanja A1 - Pieper, Jonas T1 - Accountability in a privatized welfare state the case of the german hospital market JF - Administration & society N2 - One of the most striking features of recent public sector reform in Europe is privatization. This development raises questions of accountability: By whom and for what are managers of private for-profit organizations delivering public goods held accountable? Analyzing accountability mechanisms through the lens of an institutional organizational approach and on the empirical basis of hospital privatization in Germany, the article contributes to the empirical and theoretical understanding of public accountability of private actors. The analysis suggests that accountability is not declining but rather multiplying. The shifts in the locus and content of accountability cause organizational stress for private hospitals. KW - accountability KW - hospitals KW - privatization KW - welfare markets Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399712451890 SN - 0095-3997 VL - 45 IS - 3 SP - 326 EP - 356 PB - Sage Publ. CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jantz, Bastian A1 - Jann, Werner T1 - Mapping accountability changes in labour market administrations from concentrated to shared accountability? JF - International review of administrative sciences : an international journal of comparative public administration N2 - The article explores how recent changes in the governance of employment services in three European countries (Denmark, Germany and Norway) have influenced accountability relationships. The overall assumption in the growing literature about accountability is that the number of actors involved in accountability arrangements is rising, that accountability relationships are becoming more numerous and complex, and that these changes may lead to contradictory accountability relationships, and finally to multi accountability disorder'. The article tries to explore these assumptions by analysing the different actors involved and the information requested in the new governance arrangements in all three countries. It concludes that the considerable changes in organizational arrangements and more managerial information demanded and provided have led to more shared forms of accountability. Nevertheless, a clear development towards less political or administrative accountability could not be observed. KW - accountability KW - Denmark KW - Germany KW - labour market administration KW - Norway KW - public employment service KW - welfare state reform Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852313477764 SN - 0020-8523 VL - 79 IS - 2 SP - 227 EP - 248 PB - Sage Publ. CY - London ER -