TY  - JOUR
A1  - Renner, Swen C.
A1  - Neumann, Dirk
A1  - Burkart, Michael
A1  - Feit, Ute
A1  - Giere, Peter
A1  - Groeger, Andreas
A1  - Paulsch, Axel
A1  - Paulsch, Cornelia
A1  - Sterz, Mario
A1  - Vohland, Katrin
T1  - Import and export of biological samples from tropical countries-considerations and guidelines for research teams
JF  - Organisms, diversity & evolution : official journal of the Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik
N2  - 'Biodiversity' is increasingly perceived as an important resource for research and conservation, but also for economy. Conservation, access and sustainable use of biodiversity (genetic resources, species, samples) are negotiated on different political levels, resulting in an internationally binding legal framework. Resulting legislation is binding for all parties involved in biological sampling, i.e. researches and (and in italics) countries, and especially applies for tissue or DNA samples and dervied products thereof. Understanding and awareness of export and import permits for biological samples is increasingly important for biologists to perform research projects legally and timely. Nevertheless, some biologists are still exporting and importing biological samples ignoring or noncompliant with national and international legislation, conventions, and regulations. Resulting difficulties may not only cause serious problems during field work, but may also delay the export, import or exchange of samples. Comprehensive a priori information regarding legal requirements helps to avoid or at least diminish potential problems. We identified four major factors facilitating export/import permits: (1) good personal (mutually trusted) contacts in the country of origin, (2) understanding and compliance with all relevant laws and regulations; (3) access to information regarding knowledge on permits, regulations and laws including their circulation within the researcher communities; and (4) access to consistent and up to date regulations
KW  - Research samples
KW  - Collection
KW  - Export
KW  - Import
KW  - Legislation
KW  - Permits
KW  - Specimens
KW  - Convention on Biological Diversity CBD
KW  - Access and Benefit Sharing ABS
KW  - Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CITES
KW  - European Union EU
KW  - Country of origin
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-012-0076-4
SN  - 1439-6092
VL  - 12
IS  - 1
SP  - 81
EP  - 98
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  -