TY  - JOUR
A1  - Reza, M. Toufiq
A1  - Rottler, Erwin
A1  - Tölle, Rainer
A1  - Werner, Maja
A1  - Ramm, Patrice
A1  - Mumme, Jan
T1  - Production, characterization, and biogas application of magnetic hydrochar from cellulose
JF  - Bioresource technology : biomass, bioenergy, biowastes, conversion technologies, biotransformation, production technologies
N2  - Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) produces carbon-rich nano-micro size particles. In this study, magnetic hydrochar (MHC) was prepared from model compound cellulose by simply adding ferrites during HTC. The effects of ferrites on HTC were evaluated by characterizing solid MHC and corresponding process liquid. Additionally, magnetic stability of MHC was tested by magnetic susceptibility method. Finally, MHC was used as support media for anaerobic films in anaerobic digestion (AD). Ash-free mass yield was around 50% less in MHC than hydrochar produced without ferrites at any certain HTC reaction condition, where organic part of MHC is mainly carbon. In fact, amorphous hydrochar was growing on the surface of inorganic ferrites. MHC maintained magnetic susceptibility regardless of reaction time at reaction temperature 250 degrees C. Pronounced inhibitory effects of magnetic hydrochar occurred during start-up of AD but diminished with prolong AD times. Visible biofilms were observed on the MHC by laser scanning microscope after AD. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Cellulose
KW  - Hydrothermal carbonization
KW  - Magnetic hydrochar
KW  - Magnetic susceptibility
KW  - Anaerobic digestion
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.044
SN  - 0960-8524
SN  - 1873-2976
VL  - 186
SP  - 34
EP  - 43
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  -