TY  - JOUR
A1  - Meyer, Katrin M.
A1  - Vos, Matthijs
A1  - Mooij, Wolf M.
A1  - Hol, W. H. Gera
A1  - Termorshuizen, Aad J.
A1  - van der Putten, Wim H.
T1  - Testing the paradox of enrichment along a land use gradient in a multitrophic aboveground and belowground community
JF  - PLoS one
N2  - In the light of ongoing land use changes, it is important to understand how multitrophic communities perform at different land use intensities. The paradox of enrichment predicts that fertilization leads to destabilization and extinction of predator-prey systems. We tested this prediction for a land use intensity gradient from natural to highly fertilized agricultural ecosystems. We included multiple aboveground and belowground trophic levels and land use-dependent searching efficiencies of insects. To overcome logistic constraints of field experiments, we used a successfully validated simulation model to investigate plant responses to removal of herbivores and their enemies. Consistent with our predictions, instability measured by herbivore-induced plant mortality increased with increasing land use intensity. Simultaneously, the balance between herbivores and natural enemies turned increasingly towards herbivore dominance and natural enemy failure. Under natural conditions, there were more frequently significant effects of belowground herbivores and their natural enemies on plant performance, whereas there were more aboveground effects in agroecosystems. This result was partly due to the "boom-bust'' behavior of the shoot herbivore population. Plant responses to herbivore or natural enemy removal were much more abrupt than the imposed smooth land use intensity gradient. This may be due to the presence of multiple trophic levels aboveground and belowground. Our model suggests that destabilization and extinction are more likely to occur in agroecosystems than in natural communities, but the shape of the relationship is nonlinear under the influence of multiple trophic interactions. Citation: Meyer KM, Vos M, Mooij WM, Hol WHG, Termorshuizen AJ, et al. (2012) Testing the Paradox of Enrichment along a Land Use Gradient in a Multitrophic Aboveground and Belowground Community.
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049034
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 7
IS  - 11
PB  - PLoS
CY  - San Fransisco
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sommer, Ulrich
A1  - Adrian, Rita
A1  - Domis, Lisette Nicole de Senerpont
A1  - Elser, James J.
A1  - Gaedke, Ursula
A1  - Ibelings, Bas
A1  - Jeppesen, Erik
A1  - Lurling, Miquel
A1  - Molinero, Juan Carlos
A1  - Mooij, Wolf M.
A1  - van Donk, Ellen
A1  - Winder, Monika
ED  - Futuyma, DJ
T1  - Beyond the Plankton Ecology Group (PEG) Model mechanisms driving plankton succession
JF  - Annual review of ecology, evolution, and systematics
JF  - Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics
N2  - The seasonal succession of plankton is an annually repeated process of community assembly during which all major external factors and internal interactions shaping communities can be studied. A quarter of a century ago, the state of this understanding was described by the verbal plankton ecology group (PEG) model. It emphasized the role of physical factors, grazing and nutrient limitation for phytoplankton, and the role of food limitation and fish predation for zooplankton. Although originally targeted at lake ecosystems, it was also adopted by marine plankton ecologists. Since then, a suite of ecological interactions previously underestimated in importance have become research foci: overwintering of key organisms, the microbial food web, parasitism, and food quality as a limiting factor and an extended role of higher order predators. A review of the impact of these novel interactions on plankton seasonal succession reveals limited effects on gross seasonal biomass patterns, but strong effects on species replacements.
KW  - lakes
KW  - oceans
KW  - seasonal patterns
KW  - pelagic zone
KW  - light
KW  - overwintering
KW  - grazing
KW  - parasitism
KW  - food quality
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 978-0-8243-1443-9
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110411-160251
SN  - 1543-592X
VL  - 43
IS  - 2-4
SP  - 429
EP  - 448
PB  - Annual Reviews
CY  - Palo Alto
ER  -