TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jenny, Bernhard
A1  - Buddeberg, Jonas
A1  - Hoarau, Charlotte
A1  - Liem, Johannes
T1  - Plan oblique relief for web maps
JF  - Cartography and geographic information science
N2  - Plan oblique relief shows terrain with a side view on a two-dimensional map, resulting in visualizations where the third dimension of the terrain is more explicit than on traditional two-dimensional maps. Existing plan oblique maps are static: the angle of terrain inclination is not adjustable and the orientation of plan oblique inclination does not change with the orientation of the map. This article introduces two complementary methods that address these issues by using the 3D graphics pipeline to render plan oblique relief for tile-based web maps. The goal is to allow users to adjust the terrain inclination and map rotation angles to better visualize the third dimension of the terrain. The first method pre-renders plan oblique tiles with a server-side application. The tiles are visualized with a standard web mapping framework. The second method renders plan oblique relief on-the-fly in a web browser using WebGL and a customized version of OpenLayers 3, which enables users to select arbitrary terrain inclination and map rotation angles. The second method uses a tiled digital terrain model that is loaded by the web browser. The browser applies the plan oblique transformation, computes a shaded relief, and texturizes the terrain with tiled map layers.
KW  - plan oblique relief
KW  - 3D map
KW  - relief map
KW  - terrain map
KW  - WebGL
KW  - OpenLayers 3
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2015.1015169
SN  - 1523-0406
SN  - 1545-0465
VL  - 42
IS  - 5
SP  - 410
EP  - 418
PB  - Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Philadelphia
ER  -