TY  - INPR
A1  - Schwarz, Wolfgang
A1  - Miller, Jeff O.
T1  - When less equals more: probability summation without sensitivity improvement
T2  - Journal of experimental psychology : Human perception and performance
N2  - Many perceptual and cognitive tasks permit or require the integrated cooperation of specialized sensory channels, detectors, or other functionally separate units. In compound detection or discrimination tasks, 1 prominent general mechanism to model the combination of the output of different processing channels is probability summation. The classical example is the binocular summation model of Pirenne (1943), according to which a weak visual stimulus is detected if at least 1 of the 2 eyes detects this stimulus; as we review briefly, exactly the same reasoning is applied in numerous other fields. It is generally accepted that this mechanism necessarily predicts performance based on 2 (or more) channels to be superior to single channel performance, because 2 separate channels provide "2 chances" to succeed with the task. We argue that this reasoning is misleading because it neglects the increased opportunity with 2 channels not just for hits but also for false alarms and that there may well be no redundancy gain at all when performance is measured in terms of receiver operating characteristic curves. We illustrate and support these arguments with a visual detection experiment involving different spatial uncertainty conditions. Our arguments and findings have important implications for all models that, in one way or another, rest on, or incorporate, the notion of probability summation for the analysis of detection tasks, 2-alternative forced-choice tasks, and psychometric functions.
KW  - probability summation
KW  - compound detection or discrimination
KW  - redundancy gain
KW  - ROC curve
KW  - 2AFC
KW  - psychometric functions
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037548
SN  - 0096-1523
SN  - 1939-1277
VL  - 40
IS  - 5
SP  - 2091
EP  - 2100
PB  - American Psychological Association
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - INPR
A1  - Schlaad, Helmut
T1  - Thiol-X chemistry in polymer science
T2  - Polymer : the international journal for the science and technology of polymers
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2014.09.020
SN  - 0032-3861
SN  - 1873-2291
VL  - 55
IS  - 22
SP  - 5509
EP  - 5510
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - INPR
A1  - Scheffler, Franziska
A1  - Oberhänsli, Roland
A1  - Pourteau, Amaury
A1  - Candan, Osman
A1  - Di Lucia, Matteo
T1  - The rosetta marbles from feslegen, A-ren unit, SW Anatolia
T2  - International journal of earth sciences
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-013-0936-y
SN  - 1437-3254
SN  - 1437-3262
VL  - 103
IS  - 2
SP  - 485
EP  - 486
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - INPR
A1  - Balazadeh, Salma
T1  - Stay-green not always stays green
T2  - Molecular plant
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/mp/ssu076
SN  - 1674-2052
SN  - 1752-9867
VL  - 7
IS  - 8
SP  - 1264
EP  - 1266
PB  - Cell Press
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - INPR
A1  - Reiterer, Susanne Maria
A1  - Festman, Julia
T1  - Special Issue: multilingual brains: individual differences in bi-and multilinguals
T2  - International journal of bilingualism : cross-disciplinary, cross-linguistic studies of language behavior
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006912456624
SN  - 1367-0069
SN  - 1756-6878
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
SP  - 3
EP  - 4
PB  - Sage Publ.
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - INPR
A1  - de Araujo, Jose Carlos
A1  - Batalla  Villanueva, Ramon J.
A1  - Bronstert, Axel
T1  - Special issue: analysis and modelling of sediment transfer in Mediterranean river basins
T2  - Journal of soils and sediments : protection, risk assessment and remediation
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-014-1000-7
SN  - 1439-0108
SN  - 1614-7480
VL  - 14
IS  - 12
SP  - 1905
EP  - 1908
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - INPR
A1  - Lucke, Ulrike
A1  - Steinmetz, Ralf
T1  - Special issue on "Pervasive Education"
T2  - Pervasive and mobile computing
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmcj.2014.08.001
SN  - 1574-1192
SN  - 1873-1589
VL  - 14
SP  - 1
EP  - 2
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - INPR
A1  - Hilczer, Börn
A1  - Gerhard, Reimund
A1  - Scott, James F.
T1  - Special Issue of Ferroelectrics in Honor of S. B. Lang
T2  - Ferroelectrics
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/00150193.2014.964099
SN  - 0015-0193
SN  - 1563-5112
VL  - 472
IS  - 1
SP  - VII
EP  - VIII
PB  - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - INPR
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Shaki, Samuel
T1  - Spatial biases in mental arithmetic
T2  - The quarterly journal of experimental psychology
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2014.927516
SN  - 1747-0218
SN  - 1747-0226
VL  - 67
IS  - 8
SP  - 1457
EP  - 1460
PB  - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - INPR
A1  - Baudis, Stefan
A1  - Behl, Marc
A1  - Lendlein, Andreas
T1  - Smart polymers for biomedical applications
T2  - Macromolecular chemistry and physics
Y1  - 2014
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.201400561
SN  - 1022-1352
SN  - 1521-3935
VL  - 215
IS  - 24
SP  - 2399
EP  - 2402
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  -