TY - JOUR A1 - Bulla, Mattia A1 - Coughlin, Michael W. A1 - Dhawan, Suhail A1 - Dietrich, Tim T1 - Multi-messenger constraints on the Hubble constant through combination of gravitational waves, gamma-ray bursts and kilonovae from neutron star mergers JF - Universe : open access journal N2 - The simultaneous detection of gravitational waves and light from the binary neutron star merger GW170817 led to independent measurements of distance and redshift, providing a direct estimate of the Hubble constant H-0 that does not rely on a cosmic distance ladder, nor assumes a specific cosmological model. By using gravitational waves as "standard sirens", this approach holds promise to arbitrate the existing tension between the H-0 value inferred from the cosmic microwave background and those obtained from local measurements. However, the known degeneracy in the gravitational-wave analysis between distance and inclination of the source led to a H-0 value from GW170817 that was not precise enough to resolve the existing tension. In this review, we summarize recent works exploiting the viewing-angle dependence of the electromagnetic signal, namely the associated short gamma-ray burst and kilonova, to constrain the system inclination and improve on H-0. We outline the key ingredients of the different methods, summarize the results obtained in the aftermath of GW170817 and discuss the possible systematics introduced by each of these methods. KW - gravitational waves KW - stars: neutron KW - stars: binaries KW - cosmology: cosmological parameters KW - cosmology: distance scale KW - cosmology: cosmic background radiation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8050289 SN - 2218-1997 VL - 8 IS - 5 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herpich, Catrin A1 - Müller-Werdan, Ursula A1 - Norman, Kristina T1 - Role of plant-based diets in promoting health and longevity JF - Maturitas : The European menopause journal N2 - Western-style obesity-promoting diets are associated with increased inflammation, higher disease incidence and mortality. In contrast, plant-based diets (PBDs), which incorporate large amounts of vegetables and fruit, legumes, whole grains and only a small amount of meat, are generally associated with better health and lower mortality. This narrative review summarizes the evidence on health and life span in adults adhering to PBDs and discusses the potentially longevity-promoting mechanism of PBDs as well as limitations due to nutrient deficiencies. Epidemiologic studies consistently report lower mortality rates in adults who adhering to PBDs when compared with people whose diet regularly includes meat. PBDs are associated with many health benefits, such as improved metabolic and inflammatory profile. In turn, the incidence of cardiovascular disease is lower in adults consuming PBDs, which contributes to their better health. The health-promoting effects of PBDs are still not entirely clear but most likely multifactorial and include modulation of the gut microbiome. The interest in possible longevity-promoting mechanisms of PBDs has increased in recent years, as many characteristics of PBDs such as protein restriction and restriction of certain amino acids are known to extend the life span. While there is ample evidence from animal studies, large-scale human studies, which also provide insight into the specific mechanisms of the effect of PBDs on longevity, are missing. However, due to the lower protein content of PBDs, there appears to be an age limit for the anticipated health effects, as adults over 65 require larger amounts of protein. KW - plant-based diets KW - mortality KW - health span KW - longevity Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.07.003 SN - 0378-5122 SN - 1873-4111 VL - 165 SP - 47 EP - 51 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wegmann, Simone T1 - Sven Siefken und Hilmar Rommetvedt (Hrsg.). 2021. Parliamentary committees in the policy process JF - Zeitschrift für vergleichende Politikwissenschaft Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12286-022-00553-5 SN - 1865-2646 SN - 1865-2654 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 769 EP - 772 PB - VS Verl. für Sozialwissenschaften CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Garbusow, Maria A1 - Ebrahimi, Claudia A1 - Riemerschmid, Carlotta A1 - Daldrup, Luisa A1 - Rothkirch, Marcus A1 - Chen, Ke A1 - Chen, Hao A1 - Belanger, Matthew J. A1 - Hentschel, Angela A1 - Smolka, Michael A1 - Heinz, Andreas A1 - Pilhatsch, Maximilan A1 - Rapp, Michael A. T1 - Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer across mental disorders BT - a review JF - Neuropsychobiology : international journal of experimental and clinical research in biological psychiatry, pharmacopsychiatry, Biological Psychology/Pharmacopsychology and Pharmacoelectroencephalography N2 - A mechanism known as Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) describes a phenomenon by which the values of environmental cues acquired through Pavlovian conditioning can motivate instrumental behavior. PIT may be one basic mechanism of action control that can characterize mental disorders on a dimensional level beyond current classification systems. Therefore, we review human PIT studies investigating subclinical and clinical mental syndromes. The literature prevails an inhomogeneous picture concerning PIT. While enhanced PIT effects seem to be present in non-substance-related disorders, overweight people, and most studies with AUD patients, no altered PIT effects were reported in tobacco use disorder and obesity. Regarding AUD and relapsing alcohol-dependent patients, there is mixed evidence of enhanced or no PIT effects. Additionally, there is evidence for aberrant corticostriatal activation and genetic risk, e.g., in association with high-risk alcohol consumption and relapse after alcohol detoxification. In patients with anorexia nervosa, stronger PIT effects elicited by low caloric stimuli were associated with increased disease severity. In patients with depression, enhanced aversive PIT effects and a loss of action-specificity associated with poorer treatment outcomes were reported. Schizophrenic patients showed disrupted specific but intact general PIT effects. Patients with chronic back pain showed reduced PIT effects. We provide possible reasons to understand heterogeneity in PIT effects within and across mental disorders. Further, we strengthen the importance of reliable experimental tasks and provide test-retest data of a PIT task showing moderate to good reliability. Finally, we point toward stress as a possible underlying factor that may explain stronger PIT effects in mental disorders, as there is some evidence that stress per se interacts with the impact of environmental cues on behavior by selectively increasing cue-triggered wanting. To conclude, we discuss the results of the literature review in the light of Research Domain Criteria, suggesting future studies that comprehensively assess PIT across psychopathological dimensions. KW - Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer KW - dimensional psychopathology KW - mental disorders KW - reliability Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1159/000525579 SN - 0302-282X SN - 1423-0224 VL - 81 IS - 5 SP - 418 EP - 437 PB - Karger CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gosling, William D. A1 - Scerri, Eleanor A1 - Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie T1 - The climate and vegetation backdrop to hominin evolution in Africa JF - Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London : B, Biological sciences N2 - The most profound shift in the African hydroclimate of the last 1 million years occurred around 300 thousand years (ka) ago. This change in African hydroclimate is manifest as an east-west change in moisture balance that cannot be fully explained through linkages to high latitude climate systems. The east-west shift is, instead, probably driven by a shift in the tropical Walker Circulation related to sea surface temperature change driven by orbital forcing. Comparing records of past vegetation change, and hominin evolution and development, with this breakpoint in the climate system is challenging owing to the paucity of study sites available and uncertainties regarding the dating of records. Notwithstanding these uncertainties we find that, broadly speaking, both vegetation and hominins change around 300 ka. The vegetative backdrop suggests that relative abundance of vegetative resources shifted from western to eastern Africa, although resources would have persisted across the continent. The climatic and vegetation changes probably provided challenges for hominins and are broadly coincident with the appearance of Homo sapiens (ca 315 ka) and the emergence of Middle Stone Age technology. The concomitant changes in climate, vegetation and hominin evolution suggest that these factors are closely intertwined. This article is part of the theme issue 'Tropical forests in the deep human past'. KW - hominid KW - pollen KW - El Nino Southern Oscillation KW - habitat KW - human evolution KW - Homo sapiens Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0483 SN - 0962-8436 SN - 1471-2970 VL - 377 IS - 1849 PB - Royal Society CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Newman, Abraham A1 - Debre, Maria Josepha A1 - Naylor, Tristen A1 - Regilme, Salvador Santino Fulo Regilme Jr. A1 - Viola, Lora Anne ED - Labrosse, Diane ED - Szarejko, Andrew ED - Fujii, George T1 - Lora Anne Viola. The closure of the international system: how institutions create political equalities and hierarchies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. ISBN: 9781108482257 (hardback, $99.99). JF - H-Diplo roundtable Y1 - 2022 UR - https://hdiplo.org/to/RT23-49 VL - XXIII IS - 49 PB - H-Net: Humanities & Social Sciences Online CY - East Lansing, MI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Konigorski, Stefan A1 - Wernicke, Sarah A1 - Slosarek, Tamara A1 - Zenner, Alexander M. A1 - Strelow, Nils A1 - Ruether, Darius F. A1 - Henschel, Florian A1 - Manaswini, Manisha A1 - Pottbäcker, Fabian A1 - Edelman, Jonathan A. A1 - Owoyele, Babajide A1 - Danieletto, Matteo A1 - Golden, Eddye A1 - Zweig, Micol A1 - Nadkarni, Girish N. A1 - Böttinger, Erwin T1 - StudyU: a platform for designing and conducting innovative digital N-of-1 trials JF - Journal of medical internet research N2 - N-of-1 trials are the gold standard study design to evaluate individual treatment effects and derive personalized treatment strategies. Digital tools have the potential to initiate a new era of N-of-1 trials in terms of scale and scope, but fully functional platforms are not yet available. Here, we present the open source StudyU platform, which includes the StudyU Designer and StudyU app. With the StudyU Designer, scientists are given a collaborative web application to digitally specify, publish, and conduct N-of-1 trials. The StudyU app is a smartphone app with innovative user-centric elements for participants to partake in trials published through the StudyU Designer to assess the effects of different interventions on their health. Thereby, the StudyU platform allows clinicians and researchers worldwide to easily design and conduct digital N-of-1 trials in a safe manner. We envision that StudyU can change the landscape of personalized treatments both for patients and healthy individuals, democratize and personalize evidence generation for self-optimization and medicine, and can be integrated in clinical practice. KW - digital interventions KW - N-of-1 trial KW - SCED KW - single-case experimental design KW - web application KW - mobile application KW - app KW - digital health Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2196/35884 SN - 1439-4456 SN - 1438-8871 VL - 24 IS - 7 PB - Healthcare World CY - Richmond, Va. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Omranian, Sara A1 - Nikoloski, Zoran A1 - Grimm, Dominik G. T1 - Computational identification of protein complexes from network interactions: Present state, challenges, and the way forward BT - present state, challenges, and the way forward JF - Computational and structural biotechnology journal N2 - Physically interacting proteins form macromolecule complexes that drive diverse cellular processes. Advances in experimental techniques that capture interactions between proteins provide us with protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks from several model organisms. These datasets have enabled the prediction and other computational analyses of protein complexes. Here we provide a systematic review of the state-of-the-art algorithms for protein complex prediction from PPI networks proposed in the past two decades. The existing approaches that solve this problem are categorized into three groups, including: cluster-quality-based, node affinity-based, and network embedding-based approaches, and we compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages. We further include a comparative analysis by computing the performance of eighteen methods based on twelve well-established performance measures on four widely used benchmark protein-protein interaction networks. Finally, the limitations and drawbacks of both, current data and approaches, along with the potential solutions in this field are discussed, with emphasis on the points that pave the way for future research efforts in this field. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/). KW - Protein Complex Prediction KW - Protein-Protein interaction network KW - Network KW - Clustering Algorithms KW - Network embedding Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2022.05.049 SN - 2001-0370 VL - 20 SP - 2699 EP - 2712 PB - Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology (RNCSB) CY - Gotenburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lampart, Fabian T1 - Rezension zu: Per un atlante geostorico della letteratura tedesca (1900–1930) / Hrsg.: Francesco Fiorentino, Milena Massalongo, Gianluca Paolucci. - Roma: Istituto Italiano di Studi Germanici, 2021. - 326 S. - ISBN: 978-88-95868-56-1 JF - Studi Germanici Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.studigermanici.it/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/SG23_Osservatorio.pdf SN - 0039-2952 VL - 2023 IS - 23 SP - 289 EP - 291 PB - Istituto Italiano di Studi Germanici CY - Rome ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Miklashevsky, Alex A1 - Kulkova, Elena A1 - Michirev, Alexej A1 - Jeglinski-Mende, Melinda A. A1 - Bertonatti, Matias T1 - Book review to: Raab, Markus: Judgment, decision-making, and embodied choices. - London ; San Diego ; Cambridge, MA ; Oxford: Academic Press, 2020. - xv, 155 pages. - ISBN: 978-0-12-823523-2 JF - Frontiers in psychology KW - embodied cognition KW - decision making KW - embodied choice KW - book review KW - mind-body Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.665728 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 12 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER -