TY - JOUR A1 - Dunker, Susanne A1 - Boyd, Matthew A1 - Durka, Walter A1 - Erler, Silvio A1 - Harpole, W. Stanley A1 - Henning, Silvia A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike A1 - Hornick, Thomas A1 - Knight, Tiffany A1 - Lips, Stefan A1 - Mäder, Patrick A1 - Švara, Elena Motivans A1 - Mozarowski, Steven A1 - Rakosy, Demetra A1 - Römermann, Christine A1 - Schmitt-Jansen, Mechthild A1 - Stoof-Leichsenring, Kathleen A1 - Stratmann, Frank A1 - Treudler, Regina A1 - Virtanen, Risto A1 - Wendt-Potthoff, Katrin A1 - Wilhelm, Christian T1 - The potential of multispectral imaging flow cytometry for environmental monitoring JF - Cytometry part A N2 - Environmental monitoring involves the quantification of microscopic cells and particles such as algae, plant cells, pollen, or fungal spores. Traditional methods using conventional microscopy require expert knowledge, are time-intensive and not well-suited for automated high throughput. Multispectral imaging flow cytometry (MIFC) allows measurement of up to 5000 particles per second from a fluid suspension and can simultaneously capture up to 12 images of every single particle for brightfield and different spectral ranges, with up to 60x magnification. The high throughput of MIFC has high potential for increasing the amount and accuracy of environmental monitoring, such as for plant-pollinator interactions, fossil samples, air, water or food quality that currently rely on manual microscopic methods. Automated recognition of particles and cells is also possible, when MIFC is combined with deep-learning computational techniques. Furthermore, various fluorescence dyes can be used to stain specific parts of the cell to highlight physiological and chemical features including: vitality of pollen or algae, allergen content of individual pollen, surface chemical composition (carbohydrate coating) of cells, DNA- or enzyme-activity staining. Here, we outline the great potential for MIFC in environmental research for a variety of research fields and focal organisms. In addition, we provide best practice recommendations. KW - environmental monitoring KW - imaging flow cytometry KW - plant traits Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.24658 SN - 1552-4922 SN - 1552-4930 VL - 101 IS - 9 SP - 782 EP - 799 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cao, Xianyong A1 - Chen, Jianhui A1 - Tian, Fang A1 - Xu, Qinghai A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike A1 - Telford, Richard A1 - Huang, Xiaozhong A1 - Zheng, Zhuo A1 - Shen, Caiming A1 - Li, Wenjia T1 - Long-distance modern analogues bias results of pollen-based precipitation reconstructions JF - Science bulletin Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2022.01.003 SN - 2095-9273 SN - 2095-9281 VL - 67 IS - 11 SP - 1115 EP - 1117 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schulte, Luise A1 - Meucci, Stefano A1 - Stoof-Leichsenring, Kathleen R. A1 - Heitkam, Tony A1 - Schmidt, Nicola A1 - von Hippel, Barbara A1 - Andreev, Andrei A. A1 - Diekmann, Bernhard A1 - Biskaborn, Boris A1 - Wagner, Bernd A1 - Melles, Martin A1 - Pestryakova, Lyudmila A. A1 - Alsos, Inger G. A1 - Clarke, Charlotte A1 - Krutovsky, Konstantin A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike T1 - Larix species range dynamics in Siberia since the Last Glacial captured from sedimentary ancient DNA JF - Communications biology N2 - Climate change is expected to cause major shifts in boreal forests which are in vast areas of Siberia dominated by two species of the deciduous needle tree larch (Larix). The species differ markedly in their ecosystem functions, thus shifts in their respective ranges are of global relevance. However, drivers of species distribution are not well understood, in part because paleoecological data at species level are lacking. This study tracks Larix species distribution in time and space using target enrichment on sedimentary ancient DNA extracts from eight lakes across Siberia. We discovered that Larix sibirica, presently dominating in western Siberia, likely migrated to its northern distribution area only in the Holocene at around 10,000 years before present (ka BP), and had a much wider eastern distribution around 33 ka BP. Samples dated to the Last Glacial Maximum (around 21 ka BP), consistently show genotypes of L. gmelinii. Our results suggest climate as a strong determinant of species distribution in Larix and provide temporal and spatial data for species projection in a changing climate. Using ancient sedimentary DNA from up to 50 kya, dramatic distributional shifts are documented in two dominant boreal larch species, likely guided by environmental changes suggesting climate as a strong determinant of species distribution. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03455-0 SN - 2399-3642 VL - 5 IS - 1 PB - Springer Nature CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cao, Xianyong A1 - Tian, Fang A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike A1 - Ni, Jian A1 - Xu, Qinghai A1 - Li, Wenjia A1 - Zhang, Yanrong A1 - Luo, Mingyu A1 - Chen, Fahu T1 - Human activities have reduced plant diversity in eastern China over the last two millennia JF - Global change biology N2 - Understanding the history and regional singularities of human impact on vegetation is key to developing strategies for sustainable ecosystem management. In this study, fossil and modern pollen datasets from China are employed to investigate temporal changes in pollen composition, analogue quality, and pollen diversity during the Holocene. Anthropogenic disturbance and vegetation's responses are also assessed. Results reveal that pollen assemblages from non-forest communities fail to provide evidence of human impact for the western part of China (annual precipitation less than 400 mm and/or elevation more than 3000 m.a.s.l.), as inferred from the stable quality of modern analogues, principal components, and diversity of species and communities throughout the Holocene. For the eastern part of China, the proportion of fossil pollen spectra with good modern analogues increases from ca. 50% to ca. 80% during the last 2 millennia, indicating an enhanced intensity of anthropogenic disturbance on vegetation. This disturbance has caused the pollen spectra to become taxonomically less diverse over space (reduced abundances of arboreal taxa and increased abundances of herbaceous taxa), highlighting a reduced south-north differentiation and divergence from past vegetation between regions in the eastern part of China. We recommend that care is taken in eastern China when basing the development of ecosystem management strategies on vegetation changes in the region during the last 2000 years, since humans have significantly disturbed the vegetation during this period. KW - analogue quality KW - human-vegetation interaction KW - land use KW - latitudinal KW - zonation KW - plant diversity KW - pollen Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16274 SN - 1354-1013 SN - 1365-2486 VL - 28 IS - 16 SP - 4962 EP - 4976 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nitzsche, Kai Nils A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas A1 - Hoffmann, Carsten A1 - Merz, Christoph A1 - Premke, Katrin A1 - Gessler, Arthur A1 - Sommer, Michael A1 - Kayler, Zachary E. T1 - Kettle holes reflect the biogeochemical characteristics of their catchment area and the intensity of the element-specific input JF - Journal of soils and sediments : protection, risk assessment and remediation N2 - Purpose Kettle holes are small inland water bodies known to be dominated by terrigenous material; however, the processes and structures that drive the enrichment and depletion of specific geochemical elements in the water column and kettle hole sediment remain unclear. We hypothesized that the mobile elements (Ca, Fe, K, P) behave different from each other in their transport, intermediate soil retention, and final accumulation in the kettle hole sediment. Methods Topsoils from transects spanning topographic positions from erosional to depositional areas, sediment cores, shallow groundwater, and kettle hole water of two glacial kettle holes in NE Germany (Rittgarten (RG) and Kraatz (KR)) were collected. The Fe, Ca, K, and total P (TP) concentrations were quantified and additionally the major anions in shallow groundwater and kettle hole water. The element-specific mobilization, relocation, and, finally, accumulation in the sediment were investigated by enrichment factors. Furthermore, a piper diagram was used to estimate groundwater flow directions and pond-internal processes. Results At KR only, the upper 10 cm of the kettle hole sediment reflected the relative element composition of the eroded terrestrial soils. The sediment from both kettle holes was enriched in Ca, Fe, K, and P compared to topsoils, indicating several possible processes including the input of clay and silt sized particles enriched in these elements, fertilizer input, and pond-internal processes including biogenic calcite and hydroxyapatite precipitation, Fe-P binding (KR), FeSx formation (RG), and elemental fixation and deposition via floating macrophytes (RG). High Ca concentrations in the kettle hole water indicated a high input of Ca from shallow groundwater inflow, while Ca precipitation in the kettle hole water led to lower Ca concentration in groundwater outflow. Conclusions The considerable element losses in the surrounding soils and the inputs into the kettle holes should be addressed by comprehensive soil and water protection measures, i.e., avoiding tillage, fertilizing conservatively, and creating buffer zones. KW - Agricultural soils KW - Soil erosion KW - Element mobility KW - Phosphorus KW - Kettle hole KW - Sediment Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-022-03145-8 SN - 1439-0108 SN - 1614-7480 VL - 22 IS - 3 SP - 994 EP - 1009 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Veh, Georg A1 - Lützow, Natalie A1 - Kharlamova, Varvara A1 - Petrakov, Dmitry A1 - Hugonnet, Romain A1 - Korup, Oliver T1 - Trends, Breaks, and Biases in the Frequency of Reported Glacier Lake Outburst Floods JF - Earth's Future N2 - Thousands of glacier lakes have been forming behind natural dams in high mountains following glacier retreat since the early 20th century. Some of these lakes abruptly released pulses of water and sediment with disastrous downstream consequences. Yet it remains unclear whether the reported rise of these glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs) has been fueled by a warming atmosphere and enhanced meltwater production, or simply a growing research effort. Here we estimate trends and biases in GLOF reporting based on the largest global catalog of 1,997 dated glacier-related floods in six major mountain ranges from 1901 to 2017. We find that the positive trend in the number of reported GLOFs has decayed distinctly after a break in the 1970s, coinciding with independently detected trend changes in annual air temperatures and in the annual number of field-based glacier surveys (a proxy of scientific reporting). We observe that GLOF reports and glacier surveys decelerated, while temperature rise accelerated in the past five decades. Enhanced warming alone can thus hardly explain the annual number of reported GLOFs, suggesting that temperature-driven glacier lake formation, growth, and failure are weakly coupled, or that outbursts have been overlooked. Indeed, our analysis emphasizes a distinct geographic and temporal bias in GLOF reporting, and we project that between two to four out of five GLOFs on average might have gone unnoticed in the early to mid-20th century. We recommend that such biases should be considered, or better corrected for, when attributing the frequency of reported GLOFs to atmospheric warming. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EF002426 SN - 2328-4277 VL - 10 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken, New Jersey ET - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veh, Georg A1 - Lützow, Natalie A1 - Kharlamova, Varvara A1 - Petrakov, Dmitry A1 - Hugonnet, Romain A1 - Korup, Oliver T1 - Trends, Breaks, and Biases in the Frequency of Reported Glacier Lake Outburst Floods T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Thousands of glacier lakes have been forming behind natural dams in high mountains following glacier retreat since the early 20th century. Some of these lakes abruptly released pulses of water and sediment with disastrous downstream consequences. Yet it remains unclear whether the reported rise of these glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs) has been fueled by a warming atmosphere and enhanced meltwater production, or simply a growing research effort. Here we estimate trends and biases in GLOF reporting based on the largest global catalog of 1,997 dated glacier-related floods in six major mountain ranges from 1901 to 2017. We find that the positive trend in the number of reported GLOFs has decayed distinctly after a break in the 1970s, coinciding with independently detected trend changes in annual air temperatures and in the annual number of field-based glacier surveys (a proxy of scientific reporting). We observe that GLOF reports and glacier surveys decelerated, while temperature rise accelerated in the past five decades. Enhanced warming alone can thus hardly explain the annual number of reported GLOFs, suggesting that temperature-driven glacier lake formation, growth, and failure are weakly coupled, or that outbursts have been overlooked. Indeed, our analysis emphasizes a distinct geographic and temporal bias in GLOF reporting, and we project that between two to four out of five GLOFs on average might have gone unnoticed in the early to mid-20th century. We recommend that such biases should be considered, or better corrected for, when attributing the frequency of reported GLOFs to atmospheric warming. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1264 Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-561005 SN - 1866-8372 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heistermann, Maik A1 - Bogena, Heye A1 - Francke, Till A1 - Güntner, Andreas A1 - Jakobi, Jannis A1 - Rasche, Daniel A1 - Schrön, Martin A1 - Döpper, Veronika A1 - Fersch, Benjamin A1 - Groh, Jannis A1 - Patil, Amol A1 - Pütz, Thomas A1 - Reich, Marvin A1 - Zacharias, Steffen A1 - Zengerle, Carmen A1 - Oswald, Sascha T1 - Soil moisture observation in a forested headwater catchment: combining a dense cosmic-ray neutron sensor network with roving and hydrogravimetry at the TERENO site Wüstebach JF - Earth system science data : ESSD N2 - Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) has become an effective method to measure soil moisture at a horizontal scale of hundreds of metres and a depth of decimetres. Recent studies proposed operating CRNS in a network with overlapping footprints in order to cover root-zone water dynamics at the small catchment scale and, at the same time, to represent spatial heterogeneity. In a joint field campaign from September to November 2020 (JFC-2020), five German research institutions deployed 15 CRNS sensors in the 0.4 km2 Wüstebach catchment (Eifel mountains, Germany). The catchment is dominantly forested (but includes a substantial fraction of open vegetation) and features a topographically distinct catchment boundary. In addition to the dense CRNS coverage, the campaign featured a unique combination of additional instruments and techniques: hydro-gravimetry (to detect water storage dynamics also below the root zone); ground-based and, for the first time, airborne CRNS roving; an extensive wireless soil sensor network, supplemented by manual measurements; and six weighable lysimeters. Together with comprehensive data from the long-term local research infrastructure, the published data set (available at https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.756ca0485800474e9dc7f5949c63b872; Heistermann et al., 2022) will be a valuable asset in various research contexts: to advance the retrieval of landscape water storage from CRNS, wireless soil sensor networks, or hydrogravimetry; to identify scale-specific combinations of sensors and methods to represent soil moisture variability; to improve the understanding and simulation of land–atmosphere exchange as well as hydrological and hydrogeological processes at the hillslope and the catchment scale; and to support the retrieval of soil water content from airborne and spaceborne remote sensing platforms. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2501-2022 SN - 1866-3516 SN - 1866-3508 VL - 14 IS - 5 SP - 2501 EP - 2519 PB - Copernicus CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - THES A1 - Zeitz, Maria T1 - Modeling the future resilience of the Greenland Ice Sheet T1 - Numerische Modellierung der zukünftigen Resilienz des grönländischen Eisschildes BT - from the flow of ice to the interplay of feedbacks N2 - The Greenland Ice Sheet is the second-largest mass of ice on Earth. Being almost 2000 km long, more than 700 km wide, and more than 3 km thick at the summit, it holds enough ice to raise global sea levels by 7m if melted completely. Despite its massive size, it is particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic climate change: temperatures over the Greenland Ice Sheet have increased by more than 2.7◦C in the past 30 years, twice as much as the global mean temperature. Consequently, the ice sheet has been significantly losing mass since the 1980s and the rate of loss has increased sixfold since then. Moreover, it is one of the potential tipping elements of the Earth System, which might undergo irreversible change once a warming threshold is exceeded. This thesis aims at extending the understanding of the resilience of the Greenland Ice Sheet against global warming by analyzing processes and feedbacks relevant to its centennial to multi-millennial stability using ice sheet modeling. One of these feedbacks, the melt-elevation-feedback is driven by the temperature rise with decreasing altitudes: As the ice sheet melts, its thickness and surface elevation decrease, exposing the ice surface to warmer air and thus increasing the melt rates even further. The glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) can partly mitigate this melt-elevation feedback as the bedrock lifts in response to an ice load decrease, forming the negative GIA feedback. In my thesis, I show that the interaction between these two competing feedbacks can lead to qualitatively different dynamical responses of the Greenland Ice Sheet to warming – from permanent loss to incomplete recovery, depending on the feedback parameters. My research shows that the interaction of those feedbacks can initiate self-sustained oscillations of the ice volume while the climate forcing remains constant. Furthermore, the increased surface melt changes the optical properties of the snow or ice surface, e.g. by lowering their albedo, which in turn enhances melt rates – a process known as the melt-albedo feedback. Process-based ice sheet models often neglect this melt-albedo feedback. To close this gap, I implemented a simplified version of the diurnal Energy Balance Model, a computationally efficient approach that can capture the first-order effects of the melt-albedo feedback, into the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM). Using the coupled model, I show in warming experiments that the melt-albedo feedback almost doubles the ice loss until the year 2300 under the low greenhouse gas emission scenario RCP2.6, compared to simulations where the melt-albedo feedback is neglected, and adds up to 58% additional ice loss under the high emission scenario RCP8.5. Moreover, I find that the melt-albedo feedback dominates the ice loss until 2300, compared to the melt-elevation feedback. Another process that could influence the resilience of the Greenland Ice Sheet is the warming induced softening of the ice and the resulting increase in flow. In my thesis, I show with PISM how the uncertainty in Glen’s flow law impacts the simulated response to warming. In a flow line setup at fixed climatic mass balance, the uncertainty in flow parameters leads to a range of ice loss comparable to the range caused by different warming levels. While I focus on fundamental processes, feedbacks, and their interactions in the first three projects of my thesis, I also explore the impact of specific climate scenarios on the sea level rise contribution of the Greenland Ice Sheet. To increase the carbon budget flexibility, some warming scenarios – while still staying within the limits of the Paris Agreement – include a temporal overshoot of global warming. I show that an overshoot by 0.4◦C increases the short-term and long-term ice loss from Greenland by several centimeters. The long-term increase is driven by the warming at high latitudes, which persists even when global warming is reversed. This leads to a substantial long-term commitment of the sea level rise contribution from the Greenland Ice Sheet. Overall, in my thesis I show that the melt-albedo feedback is most relevant for the ice loss of the Greenland Ice Sheet on centennial timescales. In contrast, the melt-elevation feedback and its interplay with the GIA feedback become increasingly relevant on millennial timescales. All of these influence the resilience of the Greenland Ice Sheet against global warming, in the near future and on the long term. N2 - Das grönländische Eisschild ist die zweitgrößte Eismasse der Erde. Es fasst genug Eis, um den globalen Meeresspiegel um 7m anzuheben, wenn er vollständig schmilzt. Trotz seiner Größe ist es durch den vom Menschen verursachten Klimawandel immens gefährdet: Die Temperaturen über Grönland sind in den letzten 30 Jahren um mehr als 2,7◦C gestiegen, doppelt so stark wie im globalen Mittel. Daher verliert das Eisschild seit den 1980er Jahren an Masse und die Verlustrate hat sich seitdem versechsfacht. Zudem ist das grönländische Eisschild ein Kippelement des Erdsystems, es könnte sich unwiederbringlich verändern, wenn die globale Erwärmung einen Schwellwert überschreiten sollte. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, das Verständnis für die Resilienz des grönländischen Eisschildes zu erweitern, indem relevante Rückkopplungen und Prozesse analysiert werden. Eine dieser Rückkopplungen, die positive Schmelz-Höhen-Rückkopplung wird durch den Temperaturanstieg bei abnehmender Höhe angetrieben: Wenn der Eisschild schmilzt, nehmen seine Dicke und die Oberflächenhöhe ab, wodurch die Eisoberfläche wärmerer Luft ausgesetzt wird und die Schmelzraten noch weiter ansteigen. Die glaziale isostatische Anpassung (GIA) kann die Schmelz-Höhen-Rückkopplung teilweise abschwächen, da sich der Erdmantel als Reaktion auf die abnehmende Eislast hebt und so die negative GIA-Rückkopplung bildet. Ich zeige, dass die Interaktion zwischen diesen beiden konkurrierenden Rückkopplungen zu qualitativ unterschiedlichem dynamischen Verhalten des grönländischen Eisschildes bei Erwärmung führen kann - von permanentem Verlust bis hin zu unvollständiger Erholung. Das Zusammenspiel dieser Rückkopplungen kann zudem Oszillationen des Eisvolumens in einem konstanten Klima auslösen. Die verstärkte Oberflächenschmelze ändert die optischen Eigenschaften von Schnee und Eis und verringert deren Albedo, was wiederum die Schmelzraten erhöht – die sogenannte Schmelz-Albedo Rückkopplung. Da viele Eisschildmodelle diese vernachlässigen, habe ich eine vereinfachte Version des tageszeitlichen Energiebilanzmodells, welches die Effekte der Schmelz-Albedo-Rückkopplung erster Ordnung erfassen kann, in das Eisschildmodell PISM implementiert. Mithilfe des gekoppelten Modells zeige ich, dass die Schmelz-Albedo-Rückkopplung den Eisverlust bis zum Jahr 2300 im moderaten Klimaszenario RCP2.6 fast verdoppelt und im RCP8.5-Szenario, welches von starken Emissionen ausgeht, bis zu 58% zusätzlichen Eisverlust verursacht, im Vergleich zu Simulationen in denen die Schmelz-Albedo-Rückkopplung vernachlässigt wird. Bis zum Jahr 2300 trägt die Schmelz-Albedo-Rückkopplung mehr zum Eisverlust bei als die Schmelz-Höhen-Rückkopplung. Ein weiterer Prozess, der die Widerstandsfähigkeit des grönländischen Eisschilds beeinflussen könnte, ist die Erweichung des Eises bei steigenden Temperaturen, sowie die daraus resultierende Zunahme des Eisflusses. In meiner Dissertation zeige ich, wie sich die parametrische Unsicherheit in dem Flussgesetz auf die Ergebnisse von PISM Simulationen bei Erwärmung auswirkt. In einem idealisierten, zweidimensionalen Experiment mit fester klimatischer Massenbilanz führt die Unsicherheit in den Strömungsparametern zu einer Bandbreite des Eisverlustes, die mit der Bandbreite durch unterschiedliche Erwärmungen vergleichbar ist. Neben den grundsätzlichen Prozessen und Rückkopplungen untersuchte ich auch die Auswirkungen konkreter Klimaszenarien auf den Eisverlust von Grönland. Um die Flexibilität des Kohlenstoffbudgets zu erhöhen sehen einige Erwärmungsszenarien eine temporäre Überschreitung der globalen Temperaturen über das Ziel von 1,5◦C vor. Ich zeige, dass eine solche Temperaturerhöhung den kurz- und langfristigen Eisverlust von Grönland um mehrere Zentimeter erhöht. Der langfristige Meeresspiegelanstieg ist auf die anhaltende Temperaturerhöhung in hohen Breitengraden zurückzuführen. Solche Prozesse führen zu einem langfristigen und bereits festgelegtem Meeresspiegelanstieg, selbst wenn die Temperaturen nicht weiter steigen. Insgesamt zeige ich in meiner Arbeit, dass die Schmelz-Albedo-Rückkopplung für den Eisverlust des grönländischen Eisschilds in den nächsten Jahrhunderten am wichtigsten ist. Im Gegensatz dazu werden die Schmelz-Höhen-Rückkopplung und ihr Zusammenspiel mit der GIA-Rückkopplung auf längeren Zeiträumen immer relevanter. KW - Greenland Ice Sheet KW - ice-flow modeling KW - sea-level rise KW - Grönländisches Eisschild KW - Computersimulation KW - Meeresspiegelanstieg Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-568839 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bizic, Mina A1 - Ionescu, Danny A1 - Karnatak, Rajat A1 - Musseau, Camille L. A1 - Onandia, Gabriela A1 - Berger, Stella A. A1 - Nejstgaard, Jens C. A1 - Lischeid, Gunnar A1 - Gessner, Mark O. A1 - Wollrab, Sabine A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter T1 - Land-use type temporarily affects active pond community structure but not gene expression patterns JF - Molecular ecology N2 - Changes in land use and agricultural intensification threaten biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of small water bodies. We studied 67 kettle holes (KH) in an agricultural landscape in northeastern Germany using landscape-scale metatranscriptomics to understand the responses of active bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic communities to land-use type. These KH are proxies of the millions of small standing water bodies of glacial origin spread across the northern hemisphere. Like other landscapes in Europe, the study area has been used for intensive agriculture since the 1950s. In contrast to a parallel environmental DNA study that suggests the homogenization of biodiversity across KH, conceivably resulting from long-lasting intensive agriculture, land-use type affected the structure of the active KH communities during spring crop fertilization, but not a month later. This effect was more pronounced for eukaryotes than for bacteria. In contrast, gene expression patterns did not differ between months or across land-use types, suggesting a high degree of functional redundancy across the KH communities. Variability in gene expression was best explained by active bacterial and eukaryotic community structures, suggesting that these changes in functioning are primarily driven by interactions between organisms. Our results indicate that influences of the surrounding landscape result in temporary changes in the activity of different community members. Thus, even in KH where biodiversity has been homogenized, communities continue to respond to land management. This potential needs to be considered when developing sustainable management options for restoration purposes and for successful mitigation of further biodiversity loss in agricultural landscapes. KW - agriculture KW - eRNA KW - land use KW - metacommunity KW - transcriptomics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.16348 SN - 0962-1083 SN - 1365-294X VL - 31 IS - 6 SP - 1716 EP - 1734 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER -