TY  - JOUR
A1  - Duncan, Niall W.
A1  - Hayes, Dave J.
A1  - Wiebking, Christine
A1  - Tiret, Brice
A1  - Pietruska, Karin
A1  - Chen, David Q.
A1  - Rainville, Pierre
A1  - Marjanska, Malgorzata
A1  - Ayad, Omar
A1  - Doyon, Julien
A1  - Hodaie, Mojgan
A1  - Northoff, Georg
T1  - Negative childhood experiences alter a prefrontal-insular-motor cortical network in healthy adults: A preliminary multimodal rsfMRI-fMRI-MRS-dMRI study
JF  - Human brain mapping : a journal devoted to functional neuroanatomy and neuroimaging
N2  - Research in humans and animals has shown that negative childhood experiences (NCE) can have long-term effects on the structure and function of the brain. Alterations have been noted in grey and white matter, in the brain's resting state, on the glutamatergic system, and on neural and behavioural responses to aversive stimuli. These effects can be linked to psychiatric disorder such as depression and anxiety disorders that are influenced by excessive exposure to early life stressors. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of NCEs on these systems. Resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI), aversion task fMRI, glutamate magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) were combined with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) in healthy subjects to examine the impact of NCEs on the brain. Low CTQ scores, a measure of NCEs, were related to higher resting state glutamate levels and higher resting state entropy in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). CTQ scores, mPFC glutamate and entropy, correlated with neural BOLD responses to the anticipation of aversive stimuli in regions throughout the aversion-related network, with strong correlations between all measures in the motor cortex and left insula. Structural connectivity strength, measured using mean fractional anisotropy, between the mPFC and left insula correlated to aversion-related signal changes in the motor cortex. These findings highlight the impact of NCEs on multiple inter-related brain systems. In particular, they highlight the role of a prefrontal-insular-motor cortical network in the processing and responsivity to aversive stimuli and its potential adaptability by NCEs. Hum Brain Mapp 36:4622-4637, 2015. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
KW  - affect
KW  - early life stress
KW  - brain networks
KW  - aversion
KW  - resting state
KW  - mood disorder
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.22941
SN  - 1065-9471
SN  - 1097-0193
VL  - 36
IS  - 11
SP  - 4622
EP  - 4637
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Antoniewicz, Franziska
A1  - Brand, Ralf
T1  - Dropping Out or Keeping Up?
BT  - Early-Dropouts, Late-Dropouts, and Maintainers Differ in Their Automatic Evaluations of Exercise Already before a 14-Week Exercise Course
JF  - Frontiers in psychology
N2  - The aim of this study was to examine how automatic evaluations of exercising (AEE) varied according to adherence to an exercise program. Eighty-eight participants (24.98 years ± 6.88; 51.1% female) completed a Brief-Implicit Association Task assessing their AEE, positive and negative associations to exercising at the beginning of a 3-month exercise program. Attendance data were collected for all participants and used in a cluster analysis of adherence patterns. Three different adherence patterns (52 maintainers, 16 early dropouts, 20 late dropouts; 40.91% overall dropouts) were detected using cluster analyses. Participants from these three clusters differed significantly with regard to their positive and negative associations to exercising before the first course meeting (η2p = 0.07). Discriminant function analyses revealed that positive associations to exercising was a particularly good discriminating factor. This is the first study to provide evidence of the differential impact of positive and negative associations on exercise behavior over the medium term. The findings contribute to theoretical understanding of evaluative processes from a dual-process perspective and may provide a basis for targeted interventions.
KW  - exercise adherence
KW  - automatic evaluations
KW  - BIAT
KW  - dropout
KW  - associations
KW  - affect
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00838
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 7
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - de Guevara, Berit Bliesemann
T1  - visits in zones of conflict and intervention
JF  - Journal of intervention and statebuilding
N2  - This article explores the practice and political significance of politicians’ journeys to conflict zones. It focuses on the German example, looking at field trips to theatres of international intervention as a way of first-hand knowledge in policymaking. Paying tribute to Lisa Smirl and her work on humanitarian spaces, objects and imaginaries and on liminality in aid worker biographies, two connected arguments are developed. First, through the exploration of the routinized practices of politicians’ field trips the article shows how these journeys not only remain confined to the ‘auxiliary space’ of aid/intervention, but that it is furthermore a staged reality of this auxiliary space that most politicians experience on their journeys. The question is then asked, second, what politicians actually experience on their journeys and how their experiences relate to their policy knowledge about conflict and intervention. It is shown that political field trips enable sensory/affectual, liminoid and liminal experiences, which have functions such as authority accumulation, agenda setting, community building, and civilizing domestic politics, while at the same time reinforcing, in most cases, pre-existing conflict and intervention imaginaries.
KW  - field trips
KW  - on-site visits
KW  - battlefield tourism
KW  - sensory experience
KW  - affect
KW  - conflict knowledge
KW  - spaces of aid
KW  - liminality
KW  - German Bundestag
KW  - parliamentarians
KW  - German foreign policy
KW  - Lisa Smirl
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2015.1137394
SN  - 1750-2977
SN  - 1750-2985
VL  - 10
SP  - 56
EP  - 76
PB  - Soil Science Society of America
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Antoniewicz, Franziska
A1  - Brand, Ralf
T1  - Dropping Out or Keeping Up? Early-Dropouts, Late-Dropouts, and Maintainers Differ in Their Automatic Evaluations of Exercise Already before a 14-Week Exercise Course
JF  - Frontiers in psychology
N2  - The aim of this study was to examine how automatic evaluations of exercising (AEE) varied according to adherence to an exercise program. Eighty-eight participants (24.98 years +/- 6.88; 51.1% female) completed a Brief-Implicit Association Task assessing their AEE, positive and negative associations to exercising at the beginning of a 3-month exercise program. Attendance data were collected for all participants and used in a cluster analysis of adherence patterns. Three different adherence patterns (52 maintainers, 16 early dropouts, 20 late dropouts; 40.91% overall dropouts) were detected using cluster analyses. Participants from these three clusters differed significantly with regard to their positive and negative associations to exercising before the first course meeting (eta(2)(p) = 0.07). Discriminant function analyses revealed that positive associations to exercising was a particularly good discriminating factor. This is the first study to provide evidence of the differential impact of positive and negative associations on exercise behavior over the medium term. The findings contribute to theoretical understanding of evaluative processes from a dual-process perspective and may provide a basis for targeted interventions.
KW  - exercise adherence
KW  - automatic evaluations
KW  - BIAT
KW  - dropout
KW  - associations
KW  - affect
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00838
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 7
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Brunner, Martin
A1  - Keller, Ulrich
A1  - Wenger, Marina
A1  - Fischbach, Antoine
A1  - Lüdtke, Oliver
T1  - Between-School Variation in Students' Achievement, Motivation, Affect, and Learning Strategies
BT  - Results from 81 Countries for Planning Group-Randomized Trials in Education
JF  - Journal of research on educational effectiveness / Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness (SREE)
N2  - To plan group-randomized trials where treatment conditions are assigned to schools, researchers need design parameters that provide information about between-school differences in outcomes as well as the amount of variance that can be explained by covariates at the student (L1) and school (L2) levels. Most previous research has offered these parameters for U.S. samples and for achievement as the outcome. This paper and the online supplementary materials provide design parameters for 81 countries in three broad outcome categories (achievement, affect and motivation, and learning strategies) for domain-general and domain-specific (mathematics, reading, and science) measures. Sociodemographic characteristics were used as covariates. Data from representative samples of 15-year-old students stemmed from five cycles of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA; total number of students/schools: 1,905,147/70,098). Between-school differences as well as the amount of variance explained at L1 and L2 varied widely across countries and educational outcomes, demonstrating the limited generalizability of design parameters across these dimensions. The use of the design parameters to plan group-randomized trials is illustrated.
KW  - student achievement
KW  - motivation
KW  - affect
KW  - learning styles
KW  - intraclass correlation
KW  - large-scale assessment
KW  - multilevel models
KW  - design parameters
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/19345747.2017.1375584
SN  - 1934-5747
SN  - 1934-5739
VL  - 11
IS  - 3
SP  - 452
EP  - 478
PB  - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wilhelm, Jan Lorenz
T1  - Atmosphere in the home stadium of Hertha BSC (German Bundesliga)
T1  - Atmosphère au stade de Hertha BSC (Bundesliga allemande)
T1  - Atmosphère au stade de Hertha BSC (Bundesliga allemande)
BT  - melodies of moods, collective bodies, and the relevance of space
BT  - mélodies d’atmosphères, corps collectifs et pertinence de l’espace
BT  - melodías de estados de ánimo, cuerpos colectivos y la relevancia del espacio
JF  - Social & cultural geography
N2  - German football stadiums are well known for their atmosphere. It is often described as 'electrifying,' or 'cracking.' This article focuses on this atmosphere. Using a phenomenological approach, it explores how this emotionality can be understood and how geography matters while attending a match. Atmosphere in this context is conceptualized based on work by as a mood-charged space, neither object- nor subject-centered, but rather a medium of perception which cannot not exist. Based on qualitative research done in the home stadium of Hertha BSC in the German Bundesliga, this article shows that the bodily sensations experienced by spectators during a visit to the stadium are synchronized with events on the pitch and with the more or less imposing scenery. The analysis ofin situdiaries reveals that spectators experience a comprehensive sense of collectivity. The study presents evidence that the occurrence of these bodily sensations is strongly connected with different aspects of spatiality. This includes sensations of constriction and expansion within the body, an awareness of one's location within the stadium, the influence of the immediate surroundings and cognitive here/there and inside/outside distinctions.
N2  - Les stades de foot allemands sont bien connus pour leur atmosphère. Elle est souvent décrite comme « électrique » ou « géniale ». Cet article se concentre sur cette atmosphère. Utilisant une approche phénoménologique, il explore comment cette affectivité peut être comprise et comment la géographie a son importance quand on est à un match. L’atmosphère dans ce contexte est conceptualisée à partir des travaux de Gemot Böhme, comme un espace chargé d’atmosphère, ni centré sur le sujet, ni centré sur l’objet, mais plutôt comme un moyen de perception qui ne peut pas exister. A partir de recherche qualitative faite sur le stade de Hertha BSC de la Bundesliga allemande, cet article montre que les sensations corporelles ressenties par les spectateurs pendant une visite au stade sont synchronisées avec les événements sur le terrain et avec le paysage plus ou moins imposant. L’analyse de journaux intimes sur place révèle que les spectateurs font l’expérience d’une notion totale de collectivité. L’étude présente la preuve que la présence de ces sensations corporelles est fortement liée aux différents aspects de la spatialité. Cela inclut les sensations de compression et d’expansion dans le corps, une conscience de sa position dans le stade, l’influence de l’entourage immédiat et les distinctions cognitives de l’ici/là-bas et de l’intérieur/extérieur.
N2  - Los estadios de fútbol alemanes son bien conocidos por su ambiente. A menudo se lo describe como ‘electrizante’ o ‘estupendo’. Este artículo se centra en este ambiente. Usando un enfoque fenomenológico, explora cómo se puede entender esta emotividad y la importancia de la geografía mientras se asiste a un partido. El ambiente en este contexto se conceptualiza a partir del trabajo de Gernot Böhme como un espacio cargado de emociones, no centrado en objetos ni en sujetos, sino en un medio de percepción que no puede no existir. Basado en investigaciones cualitativas realizadas en el estadio de Hertha BSC durante la Bundesliga alemana, este artículo muestra que las sensaciones corporales experimentadas por los espectadores durante una visita al estadio se sincronizan con los eventos en la cancha y con el escenario más o menos imponente. El análisis de experiencias in situ revela que los espectadores experimentan un sentido integral de colectividad. El estudio presenta evidencia de que la ocurrencia de estas sensaciones corporales está fuertemente relacionada con diferentes aspectos de la espacialidad. Esto incluye sensaciones de constricción y expansión dentro del cuerpo, una conciencia de su ubicación dentro del estadio, la influencia del entorno inmediato y las distinciones cognitivas aquí/allá y dentro/fuera.
KW  - affect
KW  - atmosphere
KW  - corporeality
KW  - emotion
KW  - football
KW  - phenomenology
KW  - stadium
KW  - atmosphère
KW  - corporalité
KW  - émotion
KW  - stade
KW  - phénoménologie
KW  - ambiente
KW  - corporeidad
KW  - emoción
KW  - afecto
KW  - estadio
KW  - fútbol
KW  - fenomenología
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/14649365.2018.1514646
SN  - 1464-9365
SN  - 1470-1197
VL  - 21
IS  - 5
SP  - 718
EP  - 737
PB  - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bösel, Bernd
T1  - Affect Disposition(ing)
BT  - A Genealogical Approach to the Organization and Regulation of Emotions
JF  - Media and Communication
N2  - The “affective turn” has been primarily concerned not with what affect is, but what it does. This article focuses on yet another shift towards how affect gets organized, i.e., how it is produced, classified, and controlled. It proposes a genealogical as well as a critical approach to the organization of affect and distinguishes between several “affect disposition(ing) regimes”—meaning paradigms of how to interpret and manage affects, for e.g., encoding them as byproducts of demonic possession, judging them in reference to a moralistic framework, or subsuming them under an industrial regime. Bernard Stiegler’s concept of psychopower will be engaged at one point and expanded to include social media and affective technologies, especially Affective Computing. Finally, the industrialization and cybernetization of affect will be contrasted with poststructuralist interpretations of affects as events.
KW  - affect
KW  - Affective Computing
KW  - disposition
KW  - emotions
KW  - event
KW  - eventology
KW  - genealogy
KW  - psychopower
KW  - theory
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i3.1460
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
SP  - 15
EP  - 21
PB  - Cogitatio Press
CY  - Lissabon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bösel, Bernd
T1  - Affect Disposition(ing)
BT  - a genealogical approach to the organization and regulation of emotions
JF  - Media and Communication
N2  - The “affective turn” has been primarily concerned not with what affect is, but what it does. This article focuses on yet another shift towards how affect gets organized, i.e., how it is produced, classified, and controlled. It proposes a genealogical as well as a critical approach to the organization of affect and distinguishes between several “affect disposition(ing) regimes”—meaning paradigms of how to interpret and manage affects, for e.g., encoding them as byproducts of demonic possession, judging them in reference to a moralistic framework, or subsuming them under an industrial regime. Bernard Stiegler’s concept of psychopower will be engaged at one point and expanded to include social media and affective technologies, especially Affective Computing. Finally, the industrialization and cybernetization of affect will be contrasted with poststructuralist interpretations of affects as events.
KW  - affect
KW  - Affective Computing
KW  - disposition
KW  - emotions
KW  - event
KW  - eventology
KW  - genealogy
KW  - psychopower
KW  - theory
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i3.1460
SN  - 2183-2439
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
SP  - 15
EP  - 21
PB  - Cogitatio Press
CY  - Lisbon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Brand, Ralf
A1  - Cheval, Boris
T1  - Theories to explain exercise motivation and physical inactivity
BT  - ways of expanding our current theoretical perspective
JF  - Frontiers in psychology
KW  - exercise
KW  - motivation
KW  - affect
KW  - automaticity
KW  - physical inactivity
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01147
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 10
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dolcos, Florin
A1  - Katsumi, Yuta
A1  - Bogdan, Paul C.
A1  - Shen, Chen
A1  - Jun, Suhnyoung
A1  - Buetti, Simona
A1  - Lleras, Alejandro
A1  - Bost, Kelly Freeman
A1  - Weymar, Mathias
A1  - Dolcos, Sanda
T1  - The impact of focused attention on subsequent emotional recollection
BT  - a functional MRI investigation
JF  - Neuropsychologia : an international journal in behavioural and cognitive neuroscience
N2  - In his seminal works, Endel Tulving argued that functionally distinct memory systems give rise to subjective experiences of remembering and knowing (i.e., recollection- vs. familiarity-based memory, respectively). Evidence shows that emotion specifically enhances recollection, and this effect is subserved by a synergistic mechanism involving the amygdala (AMY) and hippocampus (HC). In extreme circumstances, however, uncontrolled recollection of highly distressing memories may lead to symptoms of affective disorders. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors that can diminish such detrimental effects. Here, we investigated the effects of Focused Attention (FA) on emotional recollection. FA is an emotion regulation strategy that has been proven quite effective in reducing the impact of emotional responses associated with the recollection of distressing autobiographical memories, but its impact during emotional memory encoding is not known. Functional MRI and eye-tracking data were recorded while participants viewed a series of composite negative and neutral images with distinguishable foreground (FG) and background (BG) areas. Participants were instructed to focus either on the FG or BG content of the images and to rate their emotional responses. About 4 days later, participants' memory was assessed using the R/K procedure, to indicate whether they Recollected specific contextual details about the encoded images or the images were just familiar to them - i.e., participants only Knew that they saw the pictures without being able to remember specific contextual details. First, results revealed that FA was successful in decreasing memory for emotional pictures viewed in BG Focus condition, and this effect was driven by recollection-based retrieval. Second, the BG Focus condition was associated with decreased activity in the AMY, HC, and anterior parahippocampal gyrus for subsequently recollected emotional items. Moreover, correlation analyses also showed that reduced activity in these regions predicted greater reduction in emotional recollection following FA. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of FA in mitigating emotional experiences and emotional recollection associated with unpleasant emotional events.
KW  - affect
KW  - emotion control
KW  - emotional memory
KW  - MTL
KW  - emotion-cognition
KW  - interaction
KW  - functional magnetic resonance imaging
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107338
SN  - 0028-3932
SN  - 1873-3514
VL  - 138
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  -