TY  - JOUR
A1  - He, Yangyang
A1  - Würtz-Kozak, Karin
A1  - Kühl, Linn Kristina
A1  - Wippert, Pia-Maria
T1  - Extracellular vesicles
BT  - Potential mediators of psychosocial stress contribution to osteoporosis?
JF  - International journal of molecular sciences
N2  - Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and damage to the bone tissue’s microarchitecture, leading to increased fracture risk. Several studies have provided evidence for associations between psychosocial stress and osteoporosis through various pathways, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, the sympathetic nervous system, and other endocrine factors. As psychosocial stress provokes oxidative cellular stress with consequences for mitochondrial function and cell signaling (e.g., gene expression, inflammation), it is of interest whether extracellular vesicles (EVs) may be a relevant biomarker in this context or act by transporting substances. EVs are intercellular communicators, transfer substances encapsulated in them, modify the phenotype and function of target cells, mediate cell-cell communication, and, therefore, have critical applications in disease progression and clinical diagnosis and therapy. This review summarizes the characteristics of EVs, their role in stress and osteoporosis, and their benefit as biological markers. We demonstrate that EVs are potential mediators of psychosocial stress and osteoporosis and may be beneficial in innovative research settings.
KW  - allostatic load
KW  - bone remodeling
KW  - microRNA
KW  - osteoblast
KW  - osteoclast
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115846
SN  - 1422-0067
VL  - 22
IS  - 11
PB  - Molecular Diversity Preservation International
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zebger-Gong, Hong
A1  - Mueller, Dominik
A1  - Diercke, Michaela
A1  - Haffner, Dieter
A1  - Hocher, Berthold
A1  - Verberckmoes, Steven
A1  - Schmidt, Sven
A1  - D'Haese, Patrick C.
A1  - Querfeld, Uwe
T1  - 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D-3-induced aortic calcifications in experimental uremia: up-regulation of osteoblast markers, calcium-transporting proteins and osterix
JF  - Journal of hypertension
N2  - Background and objective Whether treatment with vitamin D receptor activators contributes to cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease is a matter of debate. We studied mechanisms involved in vitamin D-related vascular calcifications in vivo and in vitro.
 Methods Aortic calcifications were induced in subtotally nephrectomized (SNX) rats by treatment with a high dose (0.25 mu g/kg per day) of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 (calcitriol) given for 6 weeks. Likewise, primary rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were incubated with calcitriol at concentrations ranging from 10(-11) to 10(-7) mol/l. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the aortic expression of osteopontin, osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein was significantly increased in calcitriol-treated SNX rats compared to untreated SNX controls. In addition, aortic expression of the transient receptor potential vanilloid calcium channel 6 (TRPV6) and calbindin D9k was significantly up-regulated by treatment with calcitriol. Furthermore, calcitriol significantly increased expression of the osteogenic transcription factor osterix. In-vitro studies showed similar results, confirming that these effects could be attributed to treatment with calcitriol.
 Conclusions High-dose calcitriol treatment induces an osteoblastic phenotype in VSMC both in SNX rats and in vitro, associated with up-regulation of proteins regulating mineralization and calcium transport, and of the osteogenic transcription factor osterix.
KW  - calbindin D9k
KW  - calcitriol
KW  - calcium transport
KW  - osteoblast
KW  - osterix
KW  - TRPV5
KW  - TRPV6
KW  - vascular calcification
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0b013e328340aa30
SN  - 0263-6352
VL  - 29
IS  - 2
SP  - 339
EP  - 348
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
CY  - Philadelphia
ER  -