TY - JOUR
A1 - Jannasch, Franziska
A1 - Kröger, Janine
A1 - Agnoli, Claudia
A1 - Barricarte, Aurelio
A1 - Boeing, Heiner
A1 - Cayssials, Valérie
A1 - Colorado-Yohar, Sandra
A1 - Dahm, Christina C.
A1 - Dow, Courtney
A1 - Fagherazzi, Guy
A1 - Franks, Paul W.
A1 - Freisling, Heinz
A1 - Gunter, Marc J.
A1 - Kerrison, Nicola D.
A1 - Key, Timothy J.
A1 - Khaw, Kay-Tee
A1 - Kühn, Tilman
A1 - Kyro, Cecilie
A1 - Mancini, Francesca Romana
A1 - Mokoroa, Olatz
A1 - Nilsson, Peter
A1 - Overvad, Kim
A1 - Palli, Domenico
A1 - Panico, Salvatore
A1 - Quiros Garcia, Jose Ramon
A1 - Rolandsson, Olov
A1 - Sacerdote, Carlotta
A1 - Sanchez, Maria-Jose
A1 - Sahrai, Mohammad Sediq
A1 - Schübel, Ruth
A1 - Sluijs, Ivonne
A1 - Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W.
A1 - Tjonneland, Anne
A1 - Tong, Tammy Y. N.
A1 - Tumino, Rosario
A1 - Riboli, Elio
A1 - Langenberg, Claudia
A1 - Sharp, Stephen J.
A1 - Forouhi, Nita G.
A1 - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J.
T1 - Generalizability of a Diabetes-Associated Country-Specific Exploratory Dietary Pattern Is Feasible Across European Populations
JF - The Journal of Nutrition
N2 - Background: Population-specificity of exploratory dietary patterns limits their generalizability in investigations with type 2 diabetes incidence.
Objective: The aim of this study was to derive country-specific exploratory dietary patterns, investigate their association with type 2 diabetes incidence, and replicate diabetes-associated dietary patterns in other countries.
Methods: Dietary intake data were used, assessed by country-specific questionnaires at baseline of 11,183 incident diabetes cases and 14,694 subcohort members (mean age 52.9 y) from 8 countries, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (mean follow-up time 6.9 y). Exploratory dietary patterns were derived by principal component analysis. HRs for incident type 2 diabetes were calculated by Prentice-weighted Cox proportional hazard regression models. Diabetes-associated dietary patterns were simplified or replicated to be applicable in other countries. A meta-analysis across all countries evaluated the generalizability of the diabetes-association.
Results: Two dietary patterns per country/UK-center, of which overall 3 dietary patterns were diabetes-associated, were identified. A risk-lowering French dietary pattern was not confirmed across other countries: pooled HRFrance per 1 SD: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.10. Risk-increasing dietary patterns, derived in Spain and UK-Norfolk, were confirmed, but only the latter statistically significantly: HRSpain: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.22 and HRUK-Norfolk: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.20. Respectively, this dietary pattern was characterized by relatively high intakes of potatoes, processed meat, vegetable oils, sugar, cake and cookies, and tea. Conclusions: Only few country/center-specific dietary patterns (3 of 18) were statistically significantly associated with diabetes incidence in this multicountry European study population. One pattern, whose association with diabetes was confirmed across other countries, showed overlaps in the food groups potatoes and processed meat with identified diabetes-associated dietary patterns from other studies. The study demonstrates that replication of associations of exploratory patterns with health outcomes is feasible and a necessary step to overcome population-specificity in associations from such analyses.
KW - dietary patterns
KW - principal component analysis
KW - diet-disease association
KW - type 2 diabetes mellitus
KW - replication
KW - meta-analysis
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz031
SN - 0022-3166
SN - 1541-6100
VL - 149
IS - 6
SP - 1047
EP - 1055
PB - Oxford Univ. Press
CY - Oxford
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Jannasch, Franziska
A1 - Nickel, Daniela
A1 - Schulze, Matthias Bernd
T1 - The reliability and relative validity of predefined dietary patterns were higher than that of exploratory dietary patterns in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam population
JF - British journal of nutrition : BJN : an international journal of nutritional science / published on behalf of The Nutrition Society
N2 - The aim of this study was to assess the ability of the FFQ to describe reliable and valid dietary pattern (DP) scores. In a total of 134 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Potsdam study aged 35-67 years, the FFQ was applied twice (baseline and after 1 year) to assess its reliability. Between November 1995 and March 1997, twelve 24-h dietary recalls (24HDR) as reference instrument were applied to assess the validity of the FFQ. Exploratory DP were derived by principal component analyses. Investigated predefined DP were the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and two Mediterranean diet indices. From dietary data of each FFQ, two exploratory DP were retained, but differed in highly loading food groups, resulting in moderate correlations (r 0 center dot 45-0 center dot 58). The predefined indices showed higher correlations between the FFQ (r(AHEI) 0 center dot 62, r(Mediterranean Diet Pyramid Index (MedPyr)) 0 center dot 62 and r(traditional Mediterranean Diet Score (tMDS)) 0 center dot 51). From 24HDR dietary data, one exploratory DP retained differed in composition to the first FFQ-based DP, but showed similarities to the second DP, reflected by a good correlation (r 0 center dot 70). The predefined DP correlated moderately (r 0 center dot 40-0 center dot 60). To conclude, long-term analyses on exploratory DP should be interpreted with caution, due to only moderate reliability. The validity differed extensively for the two exploratory DP. The investigated predefined DP showed a better reliability and a moderate validity, comparable to other studies. Within the two Mediterranean diet indices, the MedPyr performed better than the tMDs in this middle-aged, semi-urban German study population.
KW - dietary patterns
KW - reliability
KW - validity
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114520003517
SN - 1475-2662
SN - 0007-1145
VL - 125
IS - 11
SP - 1270
EP - 1280
PB - Cambridge University Press
CY - Cambridge
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Kriewald, Steffen
A1 - Pradhan, Prajal
A1 - Costa, Luís Fílípe Carvalho da
A1 - Ros, Anselmo Garcia Cantu
A1 - Kropp, Jürgen
T1 - Hungry cities: how local food self-sufficiency relates to climate change, diets, and urbanisation
JF - Environmental research letters
N2 - Using a newly developed model approach and combining it with remote sensing, population, and climate data, first insights are provided into how local diets, urbanisation, and climate change relates to local urban food self-sufficiency. In plain terms, by utilizing the global peri-urban (PU) food production potential approximately lbn urban residents (30% of global urban population) can be locally nourished, whereby further urbanisation is by far the largest pressure factor on PU agriculture, followed by a change of diets, and climate change. A simple global food transport model which optimizes transport and neglects differences in local emission intensities indicates that CO2 emissions related to food transport can be reduced by a factor of 10.
KW - peri-urban agriculture
KW - urbanization
KW - dietary patterns
KW - agricultural productivity
KW - food systems
KW - local food
Y1 - 2019
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab2d56
SN - 1748-9326
VL - 14
IS - 9
PB - IOP Publ. Ltd.
CY - Bristol
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Pradhan, Prajal
A1 - Kropp, Jürgen
T1 - Interplay between diets, health, and climate change
JF - Sustainability
N2 - The world is facing a triple burden of undernourishment, obesity, and environmental impacts from agriculture while nourishing its population. This burden makes sustainable nourishment of the growing population a global challenge. Addressing this challenge requires an understanding of the interplay between diets, health, and associated environmental impacts (e.g., climate change). For this, we identify 11 typical diets that represent dietary habits worldwide for the last five decades. Plant-source foods provide most of all three macronutrients (carbohydrates, protein, and fat) in developing countries. In contrast, animal-source foods provide a majority of protein and fat in developed ones. The identified diets deviate from the recommended healthy diet with either too much (e.g., red meat) or too little (e.g., fruits and vegetables) food and nutrition supply. The total calorie supplies are lower than required for two diets. Sugar consumption is higher than recommended for five diets. Three and five diets consist of larger-than-recommended carbohydrate and fat shares, respectively. Four diets with a large share of animal-source foods exceed the recommended value of red meat. Only two diets consist of at least 400 gm/cap/day of fruits and vegetables while accounting for food waste. Prevalence of undernourishment and underweight dominates in the diets with lower calories. In comparison, a higher prevalence of obesity is observed for diets with higher calories with high shares of sugar, fat, and animal-source foods. However, embodied emissions in the diets do not show a clear relation with calorie supplies and compositions. Two high-calorie diets embody more than 1.5 t CO2eq/cap/yr, and two low-calorie diets embody around 1 t CO2eq/cap/yr. Our analysis highlights that sustainable and healthy diets can serve the purposes of both nourishing the population and, at the same time, reducing the environmental impacts of agriculture.
KW - dietary patterns
KW - healthy diets
KW - embodied emissions
KW - diet shifts
KW - sustainable diets
KW - emission intensity
Y1 - 2020
U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093878
SN - 2071-1050
VL - 12
IS - 9
PB - MDPI
CY - Basel
ER -
TY - JOUR
A1 - Pradhan, Prajal
A1 - Lüdeke, Matthias K. B.
A1 - Rösser, Dominik E.
A1 - Kropp, Jürgen
T1 - Embodied crop calories in animal products
JF - Environmental research letters
N2 - Increases in animal products consumption and the associated environmental consequences have been a matter of scientific debate for decades. Consequences of such increases include rises in greenhouse gas emissions, growth of consumptive water use, and perturbation of global nutrients cycles. These consequences vary spatially depending on livestock types, their densities and their production system. In this letter, we investigate the spatial distribution of embodied crop calories in animal products. On a global scale, about 40% of the global crop calories are used as livestock feed (we refer to this ratio as crop balance for livestock) and about 4 kcal of crop products are used to generate 1 kcal of animal products (embodied crop calories of around 4). However, these values vary greatly around the world. In some regions, more than 100% of the crops produced is required to feed livestock requiring national or international trade to meet the deficit in livestock feed. Embodied crop calories vary between less than 1 for 20% of the livestock raising areas worldwide and greater than 10 for another 20% of the regions. Low values of embodied crop calories are related to production systems for ruminants based on fodder and forage, while large values are usually associated with production systems for non-ruminants fed on crop products. Additionally, we project the future feed demand considering three scenarios: (a) population growth, (b) population growth and changes in human dietary patterns and (c) changes in population, dietary patterns and feed conversion efficiency. When considering dietary changes, we project the global feed demand to be almost doubled (1.8-2.3 times) by 2050 compared to 2000, which would force us to produce almost equal or even more crops to raise our livestock than to directly nourish ourselves in the future. Feed demand is expected to increase over proportionally in Africa, South-Eastern Asia and Southern Asia, putting additional stress on these regions.
KW - crop products
KW - animal calories
KW - dietary patterns
KW - livestock feed
KW - gridded data
Y1 - 2013
U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/044044
SN - 1748-9326
VL - 8
IS - 4
PB - IOP Publ. Ltd.
CY - Bristol
ER -