TY - THES A1 - Gerlinger, Katrin T1 - Muster globaler anthropogener CO₂-Emissionen : sozio-ökonomische Determinanten und ihre Wirkung N2 - Die wesentlichen sozio-ökonomischen Prozesse, die die vermehrten anthropogenen CO₂-Emissionen verursachen, können durch die Determinanten Bevölkerung, Wohlstand (Bruttoinlandsprodukt pro Kopf) und Technologie (Energie- und Kohlenstoffintensität) vereinfacht beschrieben werden. Der Einfluss dieser Determinanten auf die Emissionsänderungen ist nicht für alle Länder der Erde gleich. Zeitreihen der CO₂-Emissionen aus der Verbrennung fossiler Energieträger, der Bevölkerung, des Bruttoinlandsproduktes und des Primärenergieverbrauches von 121 Ländern bilden die Grundlage für das entwickelte statistische Verfahren zur schrittweisen Informationsverdichtung, mit dem der gesamte Datenraum zu 6 energiewirtschaftlichen Ländertypen schrittweise zusammengefasst wird. Zur Beschreibung dieser Ländertypen wird mit Hilfe der Dekompositionsanalyse der Einfluss der Bevölkerungs-, der Wohlstands- und der Technologiekomponenten an den Emissionsänderungen quantifiziert. Die Ländertypen können vereinfacht als Repräsentanten unterschiedlicher Entwicklungsstufen und -richtungen angesehen werden. Sie bilden unter anderem eine Grundlage für die Weiterentwicklung und Kalibrierung regionalisierter makro-ökonomischer Modelle zu den sozio-ökonomischen Hintergründen der vermehrten anthropogenen CO₂-Emissionen. N2 - The principal socio-economic processes that cause the increased anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide can be modeled by the variables population, affluence (gross domestic product per capita) and technology (energy intensity and carbon intensity). The impact of these variables on the changes of the CO₂ emissions is not the same for all countries of the earth. Time series of carbon dioxide emissions from burning of fossil energies, population, gross domestic product and of primary energy supply of 121 countries were analyzed. A statistical method for the stepwise aggregation of these data into six classes of countries according to their energy use profile.The impact of population, affluence and technology components on the changes of the emissions of carbon dioxide is quantified by decomposition analysis. The classes of countries according to their energy use profile can be regarded as representative of different states and of different paths of development. These classes are also a basis for the elaboration and calibration of regionalized macro economic models to analyze the socio economic determinants of the increased anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide. KW - Energieintensität KW - Kohlenstoffintensität KW - Regionalisierung KW - Dekomposition KW - energy intensity KW - carbon intensity KW - regionalisation KW - decomposition Y1 - 2004 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-0001577 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pohlenz, Philipp A1 - Niedermeier, Frank T1 - The Bologna Process and the harmonisation of higher education systems in other world regions BT - a case from Southeast Asia JF - Innovation : the European journal of social sciences N2 - The Bologna Process has inspired harmonisation strategies for higher education systems in other parts of the world. However, developments in other contexts are not much under review in the European debate. The present article describes the case of Southeast Asia and the attempt to promote harmonisation of its higher education systems. It further compares the processes in ASEAN and the European Higher Education Area to then discuss open questions for future comparative research. To do so the authors re-contextualise data from a study in ASEAN against the background of future research needs in the field of higher education harmonisation. KW - ASEAN KW - Bologna Process KW - European Higher Education Area KW - higher education KW - quality assurance KW - harmonisation KW - regionalisation KW - diffusion KW - mobility Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2019.1637248 SN - 1351-1610 SN - 1469-8412 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 481 EP - 494 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weatherill, Graeme A1 - Cotton, Fabrice Pierre T1 - A ground motion logic tree for seismic hazard analysis in the stable cratonic region of Europe BT - regionalisation, model selection and development of a scaled backbone approach JF - Bulletin of earthquake engineering : official publication of the European Association for Earthquake Engineering N2 - Regions of low seismicity present a particular challenge for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis when identifying suitable ground motion models (GMMs) and quantifying their epistemic uncertainty. The 2020 European Seismic Hazard Model adopts a scaled backbone approach to characterise this uncertainty for shallow seismicity in Europe, incorporating region-to-region source and attenuation variability based on European strong motion data. This approach, however, may not be suited to stable cratonic region of northeastern Europe (encompassing Finland, Sweden and the Baltic countries), where exploration of various global geophysical datasets reveals that its crustal properties are distinctly different from the rest of Europe, and are instead more closely represented by those of the Central and Eastern United States. Building upon the suite of models developed by the recent NGA East project, we construct a new scaled backbone ground motion model and calibrate its corresponding epistemic uncertainties. The resulting logic tree is shown to provide comparable hazard outcomes to the epistemic uncertainty modelling strategy adopted for the Eastern United States, despite the different approaches taken. Comparison with previous GMM selections for northeastern Europe, however, highlights key differences in short period accelerations resulting from new assumptions regarding the characteristics of the reference rock and its influence on site amplification. KW - ground motion models KW - stable craton KW - regionalisation KW - epistemic KW - uncertainty KW - Europe Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-00940-x SN - 1570-761X SN - 1573-1456 VL - 18 IS - 14 SP - 6119 EP - 6148 PB - Springer Science + Business Media B.V. CY - Dordrecht ER -