TY - JOUR A1 - Ay-Bryson, Destina Sevde A1 - Weck, Florian A1 - Heinze, Peter Eric A1 - Lang, Thomas A1 - Kühne, Franziska T1 - Can psychotherapy trainees distinguish standardized patients from real patients? T1 - Können Psychotherapeut*innen in Ausbildung standardisierte Patient*innen von realen Patient*innen unterscheiden? BT - a pilot study BT - Ergebnisse einer Pilotstudie JF - Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie N2 - Background: Under the new psychotherapy law in Germany, standardized patients (SPs) are to become a standard component inpsychotherapy training, even though little is known about their authenticity.Objective:The present pilot study explored whether, followingan exhaustive two-day SP training, psychotherapy trainees can distinguish SPs from real patients. Methods: Twenty-eight psychotherapytrainees (M= 28.54 years of age,SD= 3.19) participated as blind raters. They evaluated six video-recorded therapy segments of trained SPsand real patients using the Authenticity of Patient Demonstrations Scale. Results: The authenticity scores of real patients and SPs did notdiffer (p= .43). The descriptive results indicated that the highest score of authenticity was given to an SP. Further, the real patients did notdiffer significantly from the SPs concerning perceived impairment (p= .33) and the likelihood of being a real patient (p= .52). Conclusions: The current results suggest that psychotherapy trainees were unable to distinguish the SPs from real patients. We therefore stronglyrecommend incorporating training SPs before application. Limitations and future research directions are discussed. N2 - Theoretischer Hintergrund: Mit dem neu eingeführten Direktstudium für zukünftige Psychotherapeut_innen (PiA) wirdder Einsatz von standardisierten Patient_innen (SP) in der Lehre zunehmen, obwohl die Authentizität der Rollendarstellungen durch SPempirisch bislang kaum untersucht wurde. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es daher zu untersuchen, ob SP trainiert werden können, dassPsychotherapeut_innen in Ausbildung (PiA) SP von realen Patient_innen nicht unterscheiden können. Methode: Insgesamt nahmen 28 PiA(M= 28.54 Jahre,SD= 3.19) als verblindete Rater teil. Sie haben sechs Therapiesitzungen von trainierten SP und realen Patient_innen mitder Skala Authentizität von Patientendarstellungen bewertet. Ergebnisse: Die Authentizitätswerte von SP unterschieden sich nicht signifi-kant von realen Patient_innen (p= .43). Deskriptive Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass ein SP im Schnitt am authentischsten bewertet wurde.Darüber hinaus unterschieden sich SP und reale Patient_innen nicht hinsichtlich der wahrgenommenen Beeinträchtigung (p= .33) sowie derWahrscheinlichkeit, als reale/r Patient_in bewertet zu werden (p= .52). Fazit: Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass PiA SP vonrealen Patient_innen nicht unterscheiden konnten. Daher legen wir ein ausführliches Training der SP nahe, bevor sie für Studium und Lehreeingesetzt werden. Die Limitationen sowie zukünftige Forschungsideen werden diskutiert. KW - evidence-based training KW - learning KW - simulated patients KW - simulation-based KW - education KW - therapist competence KW - evidenzbasiertes Training KW - Lernen KW - Simulationspatient_innen KW - simulationsbasierte Lehre KW - therapeutische KW - Kompetenz Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443/a000594 SN - 1616-3443 SN - 2190-6297 VL - 49 IS - 3 SP - 182 EP - 190 PB - Hogrefe CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ay-Bryson, Destina Sevde A1 - Weck, Florian A1 - Kühne, Franziska T1 - Can simulated patient encounters appear authentic? BT - development and pilot results of a rating instrument based on the portrayal of depressive patients JF - Training and education in professional psychology N2 - Public Significance Statement This study demonstrates that simulated patients (SPs) can authentically portray a depressive case. The results provide preliminary evidence of psychometrically sound properties of the rating scale that contributes to distinguishing between authentic and unauthentic SPs and may thus foster SPs' dissemination into evidence-based training.
For training purposes, simulated patients (SPs), that is, healthy people portraying a disorder, are disseminating more into clinical psychology and psychotherapy. In the current study, we developed an observer-based rating instrument for the evaluation of SP authenticity-namely, it not being possible to distinguish them from real patients-so as to foster their use in evidence-based training. We applied a multistep inductive approach to develop the Authenticity of Patient Demonstrations (APD) scale. Ninety-seven independent psychotherapy trainees, 77.32% female, mean age of 31.49 (SD = 5.17) years, evaluated the authenticity of 2 independent SPs, each of whom portrayed a depressive patient. The APD demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .83) and a strong correlation (r = .82) with an established tool for assessing SP performance in medical contexts. The APD scale distinguished significantly between an authentic and unauthentic SP (d = 2.35). Preliminary evidence for the psychometric properties of the APD indicates that the APD could be a viable tool for recruiting, training, and evaluating the authenticity of SPs. Strengths, limitations, and future directions are also discussed in detail. KW - authenticity KW - evidence-based training KW - standardized patients KW - role-play KW - mental disorders Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1037/tep0000349 SN - 1931-3918 SN - 1931-3926 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 20 EP - 27 PB - American Psychological Association CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brütt, Anna Levke A1 - Meister, Ramona A1 - Bernges, Tabea A1 - Moritz, Steffen A1 - Härter, Martin A1 - Kriston, Levente A1 - Kühne, Franziska T1 - Patient involvement in a systematic review BT - Development and pilot evaluation of a patient workshop JF - Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen N2 - Patient involvement (PI) in research is increasingly required as a means to improve relevance and meaningfulness of research results. PI has been widely promoted by the National Institute for Health Research in England in the last years. In Germany, widespread involvement of patients in research is still missing. The methods used to realize PI have been developed mainly in English research contexts, and detailed information on how to involve patients in systematic reviews is rare. Therefore, the aim of the study was that patients contribute and prioritize clinically relevant outcomes to a systematic review on meta-cognitive interventions, and to evaluate a patient workshop as well as patients’ perceptions of research involvement. Seven patients with experience in psychiatric care participated in our workshop. They focused on outcomes pre-defined in the review protocol (e.g., meta-cognitive or cognitive changes, symptomatology, quality of life), neglected other outcomes (like satisfaction with treatment, acceptability), and added relevant new ones (e.g., scope of action/autonomy, applicability). Altogether, they valued the explicit workshop participation positively. However, some suggested to involve patients at an earlier stage and to adapt the amount of information given. Further systematic reviews would benefit from the involvement of patients in the definition of other components of the review question (like patients or interventions), in the interpretation of key findings or in drafting a lay summary. N2 - Die Beteiligung von Patientinnen und Patienten in der Forschung wird zunehmend gefordert, um die Relevanz und Aussagefähigkeit von Forschungsergebnissen zu verbessern. Während das National Institute for Health Research in England die Patientenbeteiligung seit Jahren fördert, fehlt es in Deutschland noch weitgehend an flächendeckender Forschungsbeteiligung. Zudem liegen Informationen über Methoden der Patientenbeteiligung hauptsächlich für englische Forschungskontexte vor, und detaillierte Informationen zur Patientenbeteiligung in systematischen Reviews sind lückenhaft. Das Ziel der Studie war es daher, dass Patienten klinisch relevante Zielgrößen zu einem systematischen Review zu metakognitiven Interventionen beitragen und priorisieren und dass sie einen Patientenworkshop und ihre wahrgenommene Forschungsbeteiligung bewerten. Sieben psychiatrieerfahrene Patienten nahmen an unserem Workshop teil. Sie benannten Zielgrößen, die im Reviewprotokoll schon vorgesehen waren (z.B. metakognitive und kognitive Veränderungen, Symptomatik, Lebensqualität), vernachlässigten andere Endpunkte (z.B. Zufriedenheit, Akzeptanz) und fügten neue Zielgrößen hinzu (z.B. Handlungsspielräume/Autonomie, Anwendbarkeit). Die Patienten würdigten die Workshopteilnahme insgesamt. Einige empfahlen jedoch eine frühere Beteiligung und eine Anpassung der gegebenen Informationen. Zukünftige systematische Reviews können von der Beteiligung von Patienten bei der Definition weiterer Bestandteile der Fragestellung (wie Population oder Interventionen), der Interpretation zentraler Ergebnisse oder der Formulierung einer allgemeinverständlichen Zusammenfassung profitieren. T2 - Beteiligung von Patienten an einem systematischen Review: Entwicklung und Pilotevaluation eines Patientenworkshops KW - patient involvement KW - patient participation KW - consumer participation KW - systematic review KW - meta-analysis Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zefq.2017.07.005 SN - 1865-9217 SN - 2212-0289 VL - 127-128 SP - 56 EP - 61 PB - Elsevier CY - Jena ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hahn, Daniela A1 - Weck, Florian A1 - Witthöft, Michael A1 - Kühne, Franziska T1 - Assessment of counseling self-efficacy BT - validation of the German Counselor Activity self-efficacy scales-revised JF - Frontiers in psychology / Frontiers Research Foundation N2 - Background: Many authors regard counseling self-efficacy (CSE) as important in therapist development and training. The purpose of this study was to examine the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the German version of the Counselor Activity Self-Efficacy Scales-Revised (CASES-R). Method: The sample consisted of 670 German psychotherapy trainees, who completed an online survey. We examined the factor structure by applying exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to the instrument as a whole. Results: A bifactor-exploratory structural equation modeling model with one general and five specific factors provided the best fit to the data. Omega hierarchical coefficients indicated optimal reliability for the general factor, acceptable reliability for the Action Skills-Revised (AS-R) factor, and insufficient estimates for the remaining factors. The CASES-R scales yielded significant correlations with related measures, but also with therapeutic orientations. Conclusion: We found support for the reliability and validity of the German CASES-R. However, the subdomains (except AS-R) should be interpreted with caution, and we do not recommend the CASES-R for comparisons between psychotherapeutic orientations. KW - counselor activity self-efficacy scales KW - counseling self-efficacy KW - psychotherapy training KW - assessment KW - factor structure KW - validation Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.780088 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 12 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hahn, Daniela A1 - Weck, Florian A1 - Witthöft, Michael A1 - Maiwald, Lisa Marie A1 - Foral, Annika A1 - Kühne, Franziska T1 - Wie erleben Psychotherapeut_innen in Ausbildung ihre Selbsterfahrung? BT - eine qualitative Untersuchung BT - a qualitative analysis JF - Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie N2 - Background: Self-experiential work is a central component of psychotherapy training. However, research on this matter has not received a lot of attention. Objective: This study explores the conditions and effects of helpful self-experiential work. Method: We interviewed 14 psychotherapists in training using a semistructured interview guide and applied qualitative content analysis according to Mayring (2015). Results: Different characteristics were associated with helpful self-experiential work: characteristics of the instructor (e. g., implementation skills), organization, willingness of the trainees to learn, topics and methods applied, and a sustainable working atmosphere. Among the positive effects reported was the promotion of the trainees' interpersonal competencies. Furthermore, we found some side effects and negative impact (e. g.. exhaustion). Conclusions: We were able to extract conditions that can guide the execution of helpful self-experiential work and the effects of self-experiential work from the perspective of the trainees. N2 - Theoretischer Hintergrund: Selbsterfahrung ist zentraler Bestandteil der Psychotherapieausbildung. Gleichzeitig wurde Selbsterfahrung selten empirisch untersucht. Fragestellung: Ziel unserer Studie war es, Bedingungen und Effekte hilfreicher Selbsterfahrung zu explorieren. Methode: Vierzehn verhaltenstherapeutische Ausbildungskandidat_innen wurden anhand halbstrukturierter Leitfadeninterviews befragt. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring (2015). Ergebnisse: Verschiedene Bedingungen wurden mit hilfreich erlebter Selbsterfahrung in Zusammenhang gebracht: Merkmale der Selbsterfahrungsleitung (u. a. Durchführungskompetenz), der Organisation, der Teilnehmer_innen (Lernbereitschaft), die behandelten Themen und die eingesetzten Techniken, sowie eine tragfähige Arbeitsbeziehung. Berichtete positive Effekte waren u. a. die Förderung interpersoneller Kompetenzen. Zudem wurden Nebenwirkungen und negative Effekte formuliert (u. a. Erschöpfung). Schlussfolgerungen: Bedingungen zur Durchführung von als hilfreich erlebter Selbsterfahrung und Effekte von Selbsterfahrung wurden aus Sicht der Teilnehmer_innen extrahiert. T2 - How do psychotherapists in training experience their own self-experiential work? KW - personal practice KW - psychotherapy training KW - qualitative content analysis KW - Selbsterfahrung KW - Psychotherapeutische Ausbildung KW - Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443/a000626 SN - 1616-3443 SN - 2190-6297 VL - 50 IS - 2 SP - 78 EP - 89 PB - Hogrefe CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heinze, Peter Eric A1 - Weck, Florian A1 - Hahn, Daniela A1 - Kühne, Franziska T1 - Differences in psychotherapy preferences between psychotherapy trainees and laypeople JF - Psychotherapy research : the official journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research N2 - Objective: Despite increasing research on psychotherapy preferences, the preferences of psychotherapy trainees are largely unknown. Moreover, differences in preferences between trainees and their patients could (a) hinder symptom improvement and therapy success for patients and (b) represent significant obstacles in the early career and development of future therapists. Method: We compared the preferences of n = 466 psychotherapy trainees to those of n = 969 laypersons using the Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences. Moreover, we compared preferences between trainees in cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and psychodynamic trainees. Results: We found significant differences between both samples in 13 of 18 items, and three of four subscales. Psychotherapy trainees preferred less therapist directiveness (d = 0.58), more emotional intensity (d = 0.74), as well as more focused challenge (d = 0.35) than laypeople. CBT trainees preferred more therapist directiveness (d = 2.00), less emotional intensity (d = 0.51), more present orientation (d = 0.76) and more focused challenge (d = 0.33) than trainees in psychodynamic/psychoanalytic therapy. Conclusion: Overall, the results underline the importance of implementing preference assessment and discussion during psychotherapy training. Moreover, therapists of different orientations seem to cover a large range of preferences for patients, in order to choose the right fit. KW - psychotherapy process KW - psychotherapy training KW - activity preference; KW - C-NIP KW - assessment Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2022.2098076 SN - 1050-3307 SN - 1468-4381 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 374 EP - 386 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heinze, Peter Eric A1 - Weck, Florian A1 - Kühne, Franziska T1 - Assessing Patient Preferences BT - Examination of the German Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Despite the positive effects of including patients’ preferences into therapy on psychotherapy outcomes, there are still few thoroughly validated assessment tools at hand. We translated the 18-item Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences (C-NIP) into German and aimed at replicating its factor structure. Further, we investigated the reliability of the questionnaire and its convergence with trait measures. A heterogeneous sample of N = 969 participants took part in our online survey. Performing ESEM models, we found acceptable model fit for a four-factor structure similar to the original factor structure. Furthermore, we propose an alternative model following the adjustment of single items. The German C-NIP showed acceptable to good reliability, as well as small correlations with Big-Five personality traits, trait and attachment anxiety, locus of control, and temporal focus. However, we recommend further replication of the factor structure and further validation of the C-NIP. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 753 KW - psychotherapy KW - preference KW - activity preference KW - preference assessment KW - validation study Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-544140 SN - 1866-8364 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heinze, Peter Eric A1 - Weck, Florian A1 - Kühne, Franziska T1 - Assessing patient preferences BT - examination of the german cooper-norcross inventory of preferences JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - Despite the positive effects of including patients' preferences into therapy on psychotherapy outcomes, there are still few thoroughly validated assessment tools at hand. We translated the 18-item Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences (C-NIP) into German and aimed at replicating its factor structure. Further, we investigated the reliability of the questionnaire and its convergence with trait measures. A heterogeneous sample of N = 969 participants took part in our online survey. Performing ESEM models, we found acceptable model fit for a four-factor structure similar to the original factor structure. Furthermore, we propose an alternative model following the adjustment of single items. The German C-NIP showed acceptable to good reliability, as well as small correlations with Big-Five personality traits, trait and attachment anxiety, locus of control, and temporal focus. However, we recommend further replication of the factor structure and further validation of the C-NIP. KW - psychotherapy KW - preference KW - activity preference KW - preference assessment KW - validation study Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.795776 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 12 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heinze, Peter Eric A1 - Weck, Florian A1 - Kühne, Franziska T1 - Assessing Patient Preferences BT - Examination of the German Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences JF - Frontiers in Psychology N2 - Despite the positive effects of including patients’ preferences into therapy on psychotherapy outcomes, there are still few thoroughly validated assessment tools at hand. We translated the 18-item Cooper-Norcross Inventory of Preferences (C-NIP) into German and aimed at replicating its factor structure. Further, we investigated the reliability of the questionnaire and its convergence with trait measures. A heterogeneous sample of N = 969 participants took part in our online survey. Performing ESEM models, we found acceptable model fit for a four-factor structure similar to the original factor structure. Furthermore, we propose an alternative model following the adjustment of single items. The German C-NIP showed acceptable to good reliability, as well as small correlations with Big-Five personality traits, trait and attachment anxiety, locus of control, and temporal focus. However, we recommend further replication of the factor structure and further validation of the C-NIP. KW - psychotherapy KW - preference KW - activity preference KW - preference assessment KW - validation study Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.795776 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 12 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - THES A1 - Kühne, Franziska T1 - Beurteilung und Aufbau psychotherapeutischer Kompetenzen und die Veränderung von Patientenfertigkeiten Y1 - 2021 ER -